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Chen C, Luo J, Bu C, Zhang W, Ma L. Identifying unusual human exposures to pesticides: Qilu Lake Basin as an overlooked source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159864. [PMID: 36461573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although common exposure pathways of pesticides (e.g., crop consumption) have been intensively studied, we noticed that some unusual occupational exposures to pesticides were overlooked and could lead to unacceptable health risks. In this study, we presented information on the occurrence of 5 triazine pesticides (TRIs) and 3 neonicotine pesticides (NEOs) detected in water samples of Qilu Lake Basin in China. We identified the unusual occupational exposure scenarios as (i) adult females washing the harvested vegetables, and (ii) adult males catching fish in Qilu Lake; next, the health risk assessment was conducted using collected data. The results showed that the mean Σ5 TRI concentrations ranged from 505.87 ng/L in spring to 864.04 ng/L in summer, and the river water samples around Qilu Lake had the highest concentrations. The mean concentrations of Σ3 NEOs ranged from 885.86 ng/L in winter to 2593.04 ng/L in summer. Occupational exposed populations were bearing one to two orders of magnitude higher exposure doses than local adults. Although the carcinogenic risks caused by atrazine in water were at acceptable levels for local residents, all the occupational exposed males were at moderate risks, and 15.78 %-43.50 % of occupational exposed females in different seasons were even at high risks. The non-carcinogenic risks caused by pesticides in water were all at negligible levels, but the occupational exposed population were facing up to two orders of magnitude higher risks than local residents. This study established a sound basis for further decision-making to take necessary action on protection of sensitive population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jiahong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Limin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Katsumata H, Kawanishi T, Furukawa M, Tateishi I, Kaneco S. Mixed Hemimicelles Solid phase Extraction of Atrazine and Simazine from Environmental Water Samples Using Alumina-Coated Magnetite Composite Material. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822050045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Magnetic graphene oxide−based covalent organic frameworks as novel adsorbent for extraction and separation of triazine herbicides from fruit and vegetable samples. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1219:339984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Lu Y, Li P, Yan H, Shen S. Ionic Liquid Modified Porous Polymer as a Dispersive Filter Extraction Adsorbent for Simple, Sensitive, and Efficient Determination of Chlorotriazine Herbicides in Irrigation Water. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1327-1334. [PMID: 35041420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triazine herbicides (TRZHs) are widely used in agricultural production, but their improper use can threaten the environment and organisms. Herein, rapid extraction of four chlorotriazine herbicides (Cl-TRZHs) in irrigation water was achieved using an ionic liquid modified porous m-aminophenol formaldehyde resin (IL-MAPFR) as a dispersive filter extraction (DFE) adsorbent. The IL-MAPFR shows excellent adsorption performance for four Cl-TRZHs (simazine, cyanazine, atrazine, and terbuthylazine), with a large specific surface area (158.1 m2 g-1) and fast mass transfer (2 min). The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm models. The four Cl-TRZHs were concentrated 12-16-fold after the IL-MAPFR-DFE method. Coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography, an accurate and sensitive determination method for four Cl-TRZHs in irrigation water was established, with low detection limit (0.11-0.20 ng mL-1), high recoveries (91.5-110%), and excellent precision (relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤ 8.4%). This method provides technical support for agricultural irrigation water quality monitoring and has great application potential in water safety, especially pesticide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanke Lu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shigang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Torabizadeh M, Tabar-Heydar K, Ahmadi SH. Online Solid-Phase Extraction of Prometon and Prometryne Using MIL-101(Cr) as Sorbent before Gas Chromatographic Analysis: A Computational and Experimental Study and Comparison between Splitless and PTV Inlets. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:887-896. [PMID: 34969083 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, prometryne and prometon were extracted and preconcentrated from aqueous media using an online solid-phase extraction-thermal desorption method coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), equipped with two different inlets: split and programmable temperature vaporizer (PTV). For this purpose, the applicability of Tenax and a metal-organic framework were investigated as solid-phase sorbents. Several effective parameters on the extraction efficiency, such as the amount of sorbent, sample volume, sample pH and thermal desorption procedure were optimized. The analytical performance of the proposed methods showed an excellent linear dynamic range for prometon and prometryne (0.25-100 μg/L) and relative standard deviation less than 4.01%. Moreover, the detection limits below 0.20 and 0.35 μg/L were determined for prometon and prometryne, respectively. Additionally, molecular docking was applied to clarify the adsorption nature and binding energy of MIL-101(Cr) toward the studied analytes, which indicated an appropriate correlation between computational and experimental results. Finally, the proposed method was developed and validated for prometon and prometryne and successfully applied for their extraction from agricultural water, spiked with prometon and prometryne through its direct introduction into the GC inlet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Torabizadeh
- Faculty of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajohesh Blvd, 17th Km of Tehran-Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Tabar-Heydar
- Faculty of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajohesh Blvd, 17th Km of Tehran-Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamid Ahmadi
- Faculty of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Pajohesh Blvd, 17th Km of Tehran-Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
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Bakaraki Turan N, Zaman BT, Chormey DS, Onkal Engin G, Bakırdere S. Atrazine: From Detection to Remediation – A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1937196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Bakaraki Turan
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Güleda Onkal Engin
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Qi P, Zhou QQ, Lin ZH, Liu J, Cai WY, Mao XW, Jiang JJ. Qualitative screening and quantitative determination of multiclass water-soluble synthetic dyes in foodstuffs by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2021; 360:129948. [PMID: 33975070 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analytical method for both qualitative screening and quantitative determination of 90 synthetic dyes including ten groups of isomers in foods has been established. An in-house synthetic dyes database and characteristic ions were also developed. Based on Q-Orbitrap HRMS, mass spectrum and fragmentation patterns of synthetic dyes were studied, which indicated that double charged ions were usually the main precursor ions. Matrix effects were successfully eliminated by the C18 d-SPE clean-up coupled with dilute and shoot approach with methanol-water (1:4, v/v) in 100-fold. For most of the compounds, mean recoveries were satisfactory between 70% and 120% with RSD < 20% at three spiked level in the range of 0.025-1.0 mg/kg. The screening detection limits ranged from 0.025 - 1.0 mg/kg. Method validation showed that the established method was efficient, rapid and high-throughput, which has been successfully applied to the monitoring of these water-soluble synthetic dyes in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qi
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China
| | - Qiong-Qing Zhou
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China
| | - Zi-Hao Lin
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China
| | - Wei-Yi Cai
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China
| | - Xin-Wu Mao
- Guang Zhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou 511410, China.
| | - Ji-Jun Jiang
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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8
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Ghorbani M, Aghamohammadhassan M, Ghorbani H, Zabihi A. Trends in sorbent development for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Wang A, Hu X, Wan Y, Mahai G, Jiang Y, Huo W, Zhao X, Liang G, He Z, Xia W, Xu S. A nationwide study of the occurrence and distribution of atrazine and its degradates in tap water and groundwater in China: Assessment of human exposure potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126533. [PMID: 32217410 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite frequent detection of atrazine (ATZ) and its degradates (including hydroxyatrazine, ATZ-OH; deethylatrazine, DEA; deisopropylatrazine, DIA; and deethyldeisopropylatrazine, DACT) in a variety of water bodies, documentation of their occurrence and distribution in tap water in China is still scarce. A nationwide survey about ATZ and its degradates (ATZs) in tap water from 31 provinces in 7 regions of mainland China and Hong Kong was conducted during June 2019. At least one of the analytes was found in all the water samples (n = 884). The median sum concentrations of ATZs (ΣATZs) was 21.0 ng/L (range: 0.02 ng/L-3.04 μg/L). The predominant compounds of ATZs in tap water were ATZ and DEA, with a detection frequency of 99.5% and 98.0%, respectively, followed by ATZ-OH (87.3%), DACT (84.0%), and DIA (78.1%). Significant regional variations (p < 0.05) were found in the concentrations of ATZs in tap water, and the highest concentration of ΣATZs (median: 254 ng/L, range: 0.44 ng/L-3.04 μg/L) was found in Northeastern China, followed by Eastern (37.2 ng/L, 0.02-706 ng/L), Northern (30.2 ng/L, 0.04-317 ng/L), Central (29.3 ng/L, 0.04-256 ng/L), Southern (25.0 ng/L, 0.04-297 ng/L), Southwestern (17.2 ng/L, 0.02-388 ng/L), and Northwestern China (3.22 ng/L, 0.06-214 ng/L). The level of ΣATZs in groundwater from rural area of China was about 1/3 of that found in tap water. ATZs cannot be removed by boiling tap water. The highest estimated daily intake of ΣATZs (248 ng/kg-body weight/day) was found in the infant population of Changchun, Jilin, Northeastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Xun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, PR China.
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, PR China.
| | - Gaga Mahai
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518054, PR China.
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
| | - Gaodao Liang
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, PR China.
| | - Zhenyu He
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, PR China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Yan X, Zhong D, Zhan Y, Li Y, Wu D. Polybenzimidazole Solid-Phase Microextraction Bar Combined with Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography for Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Environmental Waters. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Pecev-Marinković E, Miletić A, Tošić S, Pavlović A, Kostic D, Mišić IR, Dekić V. Optimization and validation of the kinetic spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of the pesticide atrazine and its application in infant formulae and cereal-based baby food. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5424-5431. [PMID: 31077389 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are potentially toxic to humans and can produce both acute and chronic health effects, depending on the quantity and the ways in which a person is exposed. Exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems. Infants and young children are particularly sensitive to these contaminants because their brains and organ systems are not fully developed. For this reason, it is important to determine the quantities of pesticides in baby food. RESULTS The aim of this study was to develop a kinetic-spectrophotometric method for atrazine determination and to apply it to determine pesticide in baby-food samples, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by the kinetic-spectrophotometric method and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. This method is based on the inhibition effect of atrazine (the oxidation of sulfanilic acid (SA) by hydrogen peroxide in the alkaline medium in the presence of the Co2+ ion). Under the experimental conditions used, atrazine showed a linear dynamic range of 0.5 to 5.0 μg mL-1 , and from 5.0 to 70.00 μg mL-1 with relative standard deviations (RSD) from 1.91% to 9.41%. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification were 0.074 and 0.225 μg mL-1 , respectively. The kinetic method was successfully applied to determine the atrazine concentration in spiked samples after SPE of samples. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to verify the results. CONCLUSION The proposed method is highly sensitive, simple, easy, requires cheap reagents, and leads to good recovery levels. It is linear, precise, and accurate. It can be used successfully for the routine analysis of atrazine in infant formulae and cereal-based food samples. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Miletić
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Snežana Tošić
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Pavlović
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Danijela Kostic
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Ivana Rašić Mišić
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vidoslav Dekić
- Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Priština, Lole Ribara 29, Serbia
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Zhang H, Yuan Y, Sun Y, Niu C, Qiao F, Yan H. An ionic liquid-magnetic graphene composite for magnet dispersive solid-phase extraction of triazine herbicides in surface water followed by high performance liquid chromatography. Analyst 2018; 143:175-181. [PMID: 29168845 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new ionic liquid-magnetic graphene (IL-MG) composite was used as the adsorbent in magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction to rapidly extract and isolate triazine herbicides from surface water. IL-MG was synthesized by a simple and time-saving one-pot strategy where the synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4, the modification with an IL, and the reduction of graphene oxide to graphene were conducted at the same time. An IL was applied to enrich the interaction mechanism between IL-MG and analytes (π-π, hydrophobic interaction, and electrostatic interaction). Moreover, the IL and Fe3O4 nanoparticles acted as spacers, inserting between the layers of graphene to prevent the aggregation of graphene, which improved the adsorption ability because of the large specific surface area of IL-MG. The resultant IL-MG had hierarchical flake structures and showed a high adsorption capacity (8266.0-12 324.1 μg g-1) toward triazine herbicides. Under suitable conditions, the linearity for triazine herbicides was achieved in the range of 0.55-500 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of 0.09-0.15 ng mL-1 and a quantitation limit of 0.31-0.51 ng mL-1, and the enrichment factor was 83-fold, which indicated that the proposed method could be successfully applied for the determination of triazine herbicides in surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education & Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
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Liu Y, Yu L, Zhang H, Chen D. Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction combined with online preconcentration by capillary electrophoresis for the determination of glycopyrrolate stereoisomers in rat plasma. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:1395-1404. [PMID: 29080329 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive analytical method for four isomers of glycopyrrolate in rat plasma was developed using cation-selective exhaustive injection-sweeping cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography (CSEI-Sweeping-CDEKC) for online enrichment combined with dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction pretreatment. The CSEI-Sweeping-CDEKC was conducted on an uncoated fused silica capillary (40.2 cm × 75 μm) with an applied voltage of -20 kV. The electrophoretic analysis was carried out in 30 mM phosphate solution at pH 2.0 containing 20 mg/mL sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and 5% acetonitrile. Under these optimized conditions, the detection limit for racemic glycopyrrolate was found to be 2.0 ng/mL and this method could increase 495-fold detection sensitivity compared with the traditional injection method. Additionally, the parameters that affected the extraction efficiency of dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction were also examined systematically. The glycopyrrolate isomers in rat plasma samples as low as 0.0625 μg/mL were able to be separated and detected by capillary electrophoresis with the aid of CSEI-sweeping. The findings of this study show that the dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction pretreatment coupled with CSEI-Sweeping-CDEKC is a rapid and convenient method for analyzing glycopyrrolate isomers in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Liu
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishuang Yu
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Tian H, Bai X, Xu J. Simultaneous determination of simazine, cyanazine, and atrazine in honey samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3882-3888. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Tian
- Plant Protection College; Shenyang Agricultural University; Shenyang China
| | - Xuesong Bai
- Plant Protection College; Shenyang Agricultural University; Shenyang China
| | - Jing Xu
- Liaoning entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau; Dalian China
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16
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Zhang Z, Mei M, Huang Y, Huang X, Huang H, Ding Y. Facile preparation of a polydopamine-based monolith for multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction of triazine herbicides in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:733-743. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Meng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Hanyue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Yuxin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
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Rodríguez-González N, Beceiro-González E, González-Castro M, Alpendurada M. On-line solid-phase extraction method for determination of triazine herbicides and degradation products in seawater by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1470:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Effective extraction of triazines from environmental water samples using magnetism-enhanced monolith-based in-tube solid phase microextraction. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 937:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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