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Priya K, Roy AC, Prasad A, Kumar P, Ghosh I. Naringenin Against Cadmium Toxicity in Fibroblast Cells: An Integrated Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Metabolomics Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39105392 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium, a heavy metal, disrupts cellular homeostasis and is highly toxic, with no effective treatments currently available against its toxicity. According to studies, phytochemicals provide a promising strategy for mitigating cadmium toxicity. Naringenin (NG), a potent antioxidant found primarily in citrus fruits, showed protective properties against cadmium toxicity in rats. Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of cadmium cytotoxicity in fibroblasts remains unknown. This study evaluated NG against cadmium (CdCl2) toxicity utilizing network pharmacology and in silico molecular docking, and was further validated experimentally in rat fibroblast F111 cells. Using network pharmacology, 25 possible targets, including the top 10 targets of NG against cadmium, were identified. Molecular docking of interleukin 6 (IL6), the top potential target with NG, showed robust binding with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 58.76 μM, supporting its potential therapeutic potential. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that "response to reactive oxygen species" and "negative regulation of small molecules metabolic process" were the topmost pathways targeted by NG against cadmium. In vitro analysis showed that NG (10 μM) attenuated CdCl2-induced oxidative stress by reducing altered intracellular ROS, mitochondrial mass, and membrane potential. Also, NG reversed CdCl2-mediated nuclear damage, G2/M phase arrest, and apoptosis. GC/MS-based metabolomics of F111 cells revealed CdCl2 reduced cholesterol levels, which led to alterations in primary bile acid, steroid and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways, whereas, NG restored these alterations. In summary, combined in silico and in vitro analysis suggested that NG protected cells from CdCl2 toxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and metabolic pathway alterations, providing a comprehensive understanding of its protective mechanisms against cadmium-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Priya
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashim Chandra Roy
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav Prasad
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ilora Ghosh
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Lab. #103, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Mondal A, Sharma R, Abiha U, Ahmad F, Karan A, Jayaraj RL, Sundar V. A Spectrum of Solutions: Unveiling Non-Pharmacological Approaches to Manage Autism Spectrum Disorder. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1584. [PMID: 37763703 PMCID: PMC10536417 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that causes difficulty while socializing and communicating and the performance of stereotyped behavior. ASD is thought to have a variety of causes when accompanied by genetic disorders and environmental variables together, resulting in abnormalities in the brain. A steep rise in ASD has been seen regardless of the numerous behavioral and pharmaceutical therapeutic techniques. Therefore, using complementary and alternative therapies to treat autism could be very significant. Thus, this review is completely focused on non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions which include different diets, supplements, antioxidants, hormones, vitamins and minerals to manage ASD. Additionally, we also focus on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, herbal remedies, camel milk and cannabiodiol. Additionally, we concentrate on how palatable phytonutrients provide a fresh glimmer of hope in this situation. Moreover, in addition to phytochemicals/nutraceuticals, it also focuses on various microbiomes, i.e., gut, oral, and vaginal. Therefore, the current comprehensive review opens a new avenue for managing autistic patients through non-pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Mondal
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda 151401, India
| | - Rashi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Bawana, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Umme Abiha
- IDRP, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur 342030, India
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi 110062, India
| | | | - Richard L. Jayaraj
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vaishnavi Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Meena SK, Joriya PR, Yadav SM, Kumar R, Meena P, Patel DD. Modulation of radiation-induced intestinal injury by radioprotective agents: a cellular and molecular perspectives. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023; 38:295-311. [PMID: 35438851 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) system has rapidly proliferating and differentiating cells, which make it one of the most radiosensitive organs in the body. Exposure to high dose of ionising radiation (IR) during radiotherapy may generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) including radicals, cause some side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, pain, ulceration, mal-absorption etc. Irradiation disrupts GI system by damaging proliferating stem cells of the crypts that alters the histology and physiology of intestine. Radiation damage reflects the qualitative and quantitative changes in intestinal epithelial stem cells like enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells and Paneth cells. The damaging effects of radiation to bio-molecules and cellular structures can alter gene signalling cascades and grounds genomic instability, protein modifications, cell senescence and cell death. The signalling pathways of GI tract includes Wnt, BMP, Hedgehog, PTEN/PI3K and Notch plays an important role in self-renewal of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and maintaining the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs. Various radiation countermeasures including radioprotectors and mitigators are under development phase globally but still not approved for clinical applications during any radiation emergencies. In view of above, present review highlights cellular and molecular interruptions of GI system due to acute and chronic GI radiation injury, role of radioprotectors in signalling cascade modulations in GI epithelium and involvement of ISC markers in radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Meena
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pukha Raj Joriya
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanwar Mal Yadav
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Priyadarshi Meena
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dev Dutt Patel
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Raghu SV, Rao S, Kini V, Kudva AK, George T, Baliga MS. Fruits and their phytochemicals in mitigating the ill effects of ionizing radiation: review on the existing scientific evidence and way forward. Food Funct 2023; 14:1290-1319. [PMID: 36688345 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01911f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although helpful in treating cancer, exposure to ionizing radiation can sometimes cause severe side effects, negating its benefit. In addition to its use in clinics, a nontoxic radioprotective agent can also be beneficial in occupational settings where humans are occupationally exposed for prolonged periods to low doses of radiation. Scientific studies using laboratory animals have shown that the fruits Aegle marmelos, Capsicum annuum, Citrus aurantium, Citrullus lanatus, Crataegus microphylla, Eugenia jambolana, Emblica officinalis, Garcinia kola, Grewia asiatica, Hippophae rhamnoides, Malus baccata, Malpighia glabra or Malpighia emarginata, Mangifera indica, Prunus domestica, Prunus avium, Prunus armeniaca, Psoralea corylifolia, Punica granatum, Solanum lycopersicum, Terminalia chebula, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vitis vinifera and Xylopia aethiopica, and the phytochemicals gallic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, geraniin, corilagin, ascorbic acid, hesperetin, ursolic acid, lycopene, naringin, hesperidin, rutin, resveratrol, β-sitosterol, apigenin, luteolin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, mangiferin, diosmin, ferulic acid, and kaempferol are effective in preventing radiation-induced ill effects. Clinical studies with Emblica officinalis and Punica granatum have also shown that fruits help mitigate radiation-induced mucositis, dermatitis, and cystitis. For the first time, the current review summarizes the beneficial effects of fruits and phytochemicals in mitigating radiation-induced damage, the underlying mechanisms and the existing lacunae for future studies to be undertaken for the benefit of humans and the nutraceutical and agri-based industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore-575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Venkataramana Kini
- Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore-575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Avinash Kundadka Kudva
- Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574199, Karnataka, India
| | - Thomas George
- Internal Medicine, Coney Island Hospital, 2601 Ocean Pkwy, Brooklyn, New York, 11235, USA
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Halevas E, Mavroidi B, Zahariou G, Pelecanou M, Hatzidimitriou AG. Structurally characterized copper complexes of flavonoid naringenin with enhanced radical scavenging activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sakat MS, Kılıç K, Sahin A, Ozmen HK, Yıldırım S, Kiziltunc A, Askin S, Saglam YS. The protective efficacy of Quercetin and Naringenin against radiation-related submandibular gland injury in female rats: A histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 142:105510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Lee CW, Huang CCY, Chi MC, Lee KH, Peng KT, Fang ML, Chiang YC, Liu JF. Naringenin Induces ROS-Mediated ER Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:373. [PMID: 35056691 PMCID: PMC8781290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a primary bone tumor, responds poorly to chemotherapy and radiation therapy in children and young adults; hence, as the basis for an alternative treatment, this study investigated the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of naringenin on osteosarcoma cell lines, HOS and U2OS, by using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. DNA fragmentation and the increase in the G2/M phase in HOS and U2OS cells upon treatment with various naringenin concentrations were determined by using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining, respectively. Flow cytometry was performed, and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, JC-1, and Fluo-4 AM ester probes were examined for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular calcium levels, respectively. Caspase activation, cell cycle, cytosolic and mitochondrial, and autophagy-related proteins were determined using western blotting. The results indicated that naringenin significantly inhibited viability and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, naringenin induced cell cycle arrest in osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 expression and upregulating p21 expression. Furthermore, naringenin significantly inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells by increasing the intracellular ROS level. Naringenin induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis through the upregulation of ER stress markers, GRP78 and GRP94. Naringenin caused acidic vesicular organelle formation and increased autophagolysosomes, microtubule-associated protein-light chain 3-II protein levels, and autophagy. The findings suggest that the induction of cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy by naringenin through mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production, and ER stress signaling pathways contribute to the antiproliferative effect of naringenin on osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City 61363, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City 61363, Taiwan;
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Cathy Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan;
| | - Miao-Ching Chi
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City 613, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Han Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ti Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City 61363, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Ling Fang
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Super Micro Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City 61363, Taiwan;
| | - Ju-Fang Liu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Xu X, Shen L, Xu Q, Bai X, He Z, Zhang T, Jiang Q. Development and optimization of a high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of naringenin and its valine carbamate prodrug in rat plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5119. [PMID: 33749889 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A valine carbamate prodrug of naringenin (NAR) called 4'V was synthesized to enhance its oral bioavailability because of low water solubility and poor membrane permeability of NAR. This study developed and fully validated a sensitive, rapid, and robust HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of NAR and 4'V in plasma. The analytes were treated using liquid-liquid extraction, separated on a Phenomenex Kinetex XB-C18 column, and detected using a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization interface. The analytes were eluted within only 4 min by gradient procedure. The excellent linear correlations were validated over the range of 4-400 ng/mL (r = 0.9990) for NAR and 2-2000 ng/mL (r = 0.9951) for 4'V, with lower limits of quantification of 4 and 2 ng/mL, respectively. For all quality control samples, the intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were within ±15%. The validated method was economical, high throughput, and reliable and was first successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of NAR and 4'V after oral administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. The results of the pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the idea of amino acid carbamate prodrug is a promising strategy to improve the bioavailability of NAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lulu Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiuchi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaochen Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Hermawan A, Ikawati M, Jenie RI, Khumaira A, Putri H, Nurhayati IP, Angraini SM, Muflikhasari HA. Identification of potential therapeutic target of naringenin in breast cancer stem cells inhibition by bioinformatics and in vitro studies. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:12-26. [PMID: 33603536 PMCID: PMC7873751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy is a strategic measure in inhibiting breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) pathways. Naringenin, a citrus flavonoid, was found to increase breast cancer cells' sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Bioinformatics study and 3D tumorsphere in vitro modeling in breast cancer (mammosphere) were used in this study, which aims to explore the potential therapeutic targets of naringenin (PTTNs) in inhibiting BCSCs. Bioinformatic analyses identified direct target proteins (DTPs), indirect target proteins (ITPs), naringenin-mediated proteins (NMPs), BCSC regulatory genes, and PTTNs. The PTTNs were further analyzed for gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and hub protein selection. Mammospheres were cultured in serum-free media. The effects of naringenin were measured by MTT-based cytotoxicity, mammosphere forming potential (MFP), colony formation, scratch wound-healing assay, and flow cytometry-based cell cycle analyses and apoptosis assays. Gene expression analysis was performed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-RT PCR). Bioinformatics analysis revealed p53 and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) as PTTNs, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that TGF-ß and Wnt/ß-catenin pathways are regulated by PTTNs. Naringenin demonstrated cytotoxicity and inhibited mammosphere and colony formation, migration, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the mammosphere. The mRNA of tumor suppressors P53 and ERα were downregulated in the mammosphere, but were significantly upregulated upon naringenin treatment. By modulating the P53 and ERα mRNA, naringenin has the potential of inhibiting BCSCs. Further studies on the molecular mechanism and formulation of naringenin in BCSCs would be beneficial for its development as a BCSC-targeting drug.
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Key Words
- BCSCs, Breast cancer stem cells
- Bioinformatics
- Breast cancer stem cells
- CSC, Cancer stem cell
- DAVID, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery
- DTPs, Direct target proteins
- DXR, Doxorubicin
- EGF, Epidermal growth factor
- EMT, Epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- ERα
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GO, Gene ontology
- ITPs, Indirect target proteins
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MET, Metformin
- MFP, Mammosphere forming potential
- NAR, Naringenin
- NMPs, Naringenin-mediated proteins
- Naringenin
- P53
- PE, phycoerythrin
- PPI, Protein-protein interaction
- PTTN, Potential target of naringenin in inhibition of BCSCs
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- Targeted therapy
- q-RT PCR, Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hermawan
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muthi Ikawati
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riris Istighfari Jenie
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Khumaira
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herwandhani Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ika Putri Nurhayati
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sonia Meta Angraini
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Haruma Anggraini Muflikhasari
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Lather A, Sharma S, Khatkar A. Naringenin derivatives as glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors: synthesis, antioxidants, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, molecular docking and in silico ADMET analysis. BMC Chem 2020; 14:41. [PMID: 32577624 PMCID: PMC7305605 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preservatives have to be added in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics products to maintain their shelf life. However, the existing chemical based preservatives have been associated with severe side effects that compel the researchers to find better safe preservatives based on natural products. G-6-P synthase is an important enzyme for bacterial and fungal cell wall synthesis and offers as a potential target to find better G-6-P synthase inhibitors based antimicrobial compounds. Naringenin, a flavanone, has been reported for a wide range of pharmacological activities including antimicrobial activity, which makes it a potential candidate to be explored as novel G-6-P synthase inhibitor. RESULTS The synthesis of naringenin derivatives with potent G-6-P synthase inhibitor having remarkable antioxidant, antimicrobial and preservative efficacy was performed. Among the synthesized compounds, the compound 1 possessed good antioxidant activity (IC50 value, 6.864 ± 0.020 µM) as compared to standard ascorbic acid (IC50 value, 8.110 ± 0.069 µM). The antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds revealed compound 1 as the most potent compound (pMIC 1.79, 1.79, 1.49, 1.49, 1.49 and 1.49 μM/mL for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans and A. niger respectively) as compared to standard drugs taken. The compound 2 showed comparable activity against P. mirabilis (pMIC 1.14 μM/mL), C. albicans (pMIC 1.14 μM/mL) while the compound 3 also showed comparable activity against C. albicans (pMIC 1.16 μM/mL) as well A. niger (pMIC 1.46 μM/mL), likewise the compound 4 showed comparable activity against P. mirabilis (pMIC 1.18 μM/mL) as compared to the standard drugs streptomycin (pMIC 1.06, 1.36, 1.06 and 1.96 μM/mL for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli respectively), ciprofloxacin (pMIC 1.12, 1.42, 1.12 and 1.42 μM/mL for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli respectively), ampicillin (pMIC 1.14, 0.84, 0.84 and 1.74 μM/mL for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli respectively) and fluconazole (pMIC 1.08 and 1.38 μM/mL for C. albicans and A. niger respectively). The molecular docking with the target G-6-P synthase pdb id 1moq resulted with an better dock score for compound 1 (- 7.42) as compared to standard antimicrobial drugs, ciprofloxacin (- 5.185), ampicillin (- 5.065) and fluconazole (- 5.129) that supported the wet lab results. The preservative efficacy test for compound 1 in White Lotion USP showed the log CFU/mL value within the prescribed limit and results were comparable to standard sodium benzoate, ethyl paraben and propyl paraben as per USP standard protocol. CONCLUSIONS The synthesized naringenin derivatives exhibited significant G-6-P synthase inhibitory potential with good selectivity towards the selected target G-6-P synthase. Compound 1, bearing nitro group showed good antioxidant, antimicrobial and preservative efficacy compared with the standard drugs taken. The mechanistic insight about the compounds within the active site was completed by molecular docking that supported the results for novel synthesized G-6-P synthase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lather
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G.J.U.S.&T., Hisar, India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana India
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Obrador E, Salvador R, Villaescusa JI, Soriano JM, Estrela JM, Montoro A. Radioprotection and Radiomitigation: From the Bench to Clinical Practice. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E461. [PMID: 33142986 PMCID: PMC7692399 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of protective agents against harmful radiations has been a subject of investigation for decades. However, effective (ideal) radioprotectors and radiomitigators remain an unsolved problem. Because ionizing radiation-induced cellular damage is primarily attributed to free radicals, radical scavengers are promising as potential radioprotectors. Early development of such agents focused on thiol synthetic compounds, e.g., amifostine (2-(3-aminopropylamino) ethylsulfanylphosphonic acid), approved as a radioprotector by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA) but for limited clinical indications and not for nonclinical uses. To date, no new chemical entity has been approved by the FDA as a radiation countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome (ARS). All FDA-approved radiation countermeasures (filgrastim, a recombinant DNA form of the naturally occurring granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, G-CSF; pegfilgrastim, a PEGylated form of the recombinant human G-CSF; sargramostim, a recombinant granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF) are classified as radiomitigators. No radioprotector that can be administered prior to exposure has been approved for ARS. This differentiates radioprotectors (reduce direct damage caused by radiation) and radiomitigators (minimize toxicity even after radiation has been delivered). Molecules under development with the aim of reaching clinical practice and other nonclinical applications are discussed. Assays to evaluate the biological effects of ionizing radiations are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Rosario Salvador
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Juan I. Villaescusa
- Service of Radiological Protection, Clinical Area of Medical Image, La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group GIBI230, Health Research Institute (IISLaFe), La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Soriano
- Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain;
- Joint Research Unit in Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, University of Valencia-Health Research Institute IISLaFe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Estrela
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.O.); (R.S.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Alegría Montoro
- Service of Radiological Protection, Clinical Area of Medical Image, La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group GIBI230, Health Research Institute (IISLaFe), La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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12
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Seizure-Induced Oxidative Stress in Status Epilepticus: Is Antioxidant Beneficial? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111029. [PMID: 33105652 PMCID: PMC7690410 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder which affects patients physically and mentally and causes a real burden for the patient, family and society both medically and economically. Currently, more than one-third of epilepsy patients are still under unsatisfied control, even with new anticonvulsants. Other measures may be added to those with drug-resistant epilepsy. Excessive neuronal synchronization is the hallmark of epileptic activity and prolonged epileptic discharges such as in status epilepticus can lead to various cellular events and result in neuronal damage or death. Unbalanced oxidative status is one of the early cellular events and a critical factor to determine the fate of neurons in epilepsy. To counteract excessive oxidative damage through exogenous antioxidant supplements or induction of endogenous antioxidative capability may be a reasonable approach for current anticonvulsant therapy. In this article, we will introduce the critical roles of oxidative stress and further discuss the potential use of antioxidants in this devastating disease.
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13
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Gaharwar US, Kumar S, Rajamani P. Iron oxide nanoparticle-induced hematopoietic and immunological response in rats. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35753-35764. [PMID: 35517102 PMCID: PMC9056920 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application and use of iron oxide nanoparticless (IONPs) in the biomedical field are steadily increasing, although it remains uncertain whether IONPs are safe or should be used with caution. In the present study, we investigated the toxicity profile of ultrafine IONPs in rats administered with 7.5, 15 and 30 mg IONPs/kg body wt intravenously once a week for 4 weeks. IONP treatment reduces bone marrow-mononuclear cell proliferation, increases free radical species and DNA damage leading to growth arrest and subsequently apoptosis induction at 15 and 30 mg doses. It also induces apoptosis in undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells. IONP treatment significantly increased the pro-inflammatory cytokine (Interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) level in serum. The induction in inflammation was likely mediated by splenic M1 macrophages (IL-6 and TNF-α secretion). IONP treatment induces splenocyte apoptosis and alteration in the immune system represented by reduced CD4+/CD8+ ratio and increased B cells. It also reduces innate defense represented by lower natural killer cell cytotoxicity. IONP administration markedly increased lipid peroxidation in the spleen, while the glutathione level was reduced. Similarly, superoxide dismutase activity was increased and catalase activity was reduced in the spleen of IONP-treated rats. At an organ level, IONP treatment did not cause any significant injury or structural alteration in the spleen. Collectively, our results suggest that a high dose of ultrafine IONPs may cause oxidative stress, cell death, and inflammation in a biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Singh Gaharwar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India +91-11-26741586 +91-11-26704162
| | - Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India +91-11-26741586 +91-11-26704162
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14
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Xu D, Zhang GQ, Zhang TT, Jin B, Ma C. Pharmacokinetic Comparisons of Naringenin and Naringenin-Nicotinamide Cocrystal in Rats by LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8364218. [PMID: 32322425 PMCID: PMC7152953 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8364218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin (NAR), 4',5,7-trihydroxydihydroflavone, has a wide range of pharmacological activities but shows poor water solubility and low bioavailability. The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of naringenin-nicotinamide cocrystal (NAR-NCT), which offers improved solubility, were evaluated in this study. Rats were orally administered NAR, a physical mixture of naringenin and nicotinamide (NAR + NCT), and NAR-NCT. The relative bioavailability of NAR-NCT was 175.09% of NAR, Cmax was 8.43 and 2.06 times of NAR and NAR + NCT, respectively, Tmax was advanced from 0.49 h to 0.09 h, CL was decreased from 91.1 L/h/kg to 49.1 L/h/kg, and t 1/2 was increased from 5.37 h to 8.24 h, highlighting its rapid absorption and slow elimination. This study showed that NAR-NCT could improve the bioavailability of NAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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15
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Interaction of naringin and naringenin with DPPC monolayer at the air-water interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Dietary Phytochemicals as Neurotherapeutics for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Plausible Mechanism and Evidence. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 24:615-646. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Yang J, Fu X, Liao X, Li Y. Nrf2 Activators as Dietary Phytochemicals Against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:561998. [PMID: 33329102 PMCID: PMC7714765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder with limited available treatments and diverse causes. In ASD patients, numerous researches demonstrated various alterations in inflammation/immune, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these alterations could be regulated by Nrf2. Hence, we aimed to systematically review the current evidence about the effects of Nrf2 activator supplementation on ASD objects from in vitro studies, animal studies, and clinical studies. Relevant articles were retrieved through searching for the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scope, Embase, and CNKI databases (through September 23, 2020). Ultimately, we identified 22 preclinical studies, one cell culture study, and seven clinical studies, covering a total of five Nrf2 activators. For each Nrf2 activator, we focused on its definition, potential therapeutic mechanisms, latest research progress, research limitations, and future development directions. Our systematic review provided suggestive evidence that Nrf2 activators have a potentially beneficial role in improving autism-like behaviors and abnormal molecular alterations through oxidant stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These dietary phytochemicals are considered to be relatively safer and effective for ASD treatment. However, there are few clinical studies to support the Nrf2 activators as dietary phytochemicals in ASD, even though several preclinical studies. Therefore, caution should be warranted in attempting to extrapolate their effects in human studies, and better design and more rigorous research are required before they can be determined as a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Farzipour S, Amiri FT, Mihandoust E, Shaki F, Noaparast Z, Ghasemi A, Hosseinimehr SJ. Radioprotective effect of diethylcarbamazine on radiation-induced acute lung injury and oxidative stress in mice. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 52:39-46. [PMID: 31853753 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the radioprotective effect of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) against oxidative stress and acute lung injury induced by total body radiation (TBI) in mice. For study the optimum dose for radiation protection of DEC, mice were administrated with three dose of DEC (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg), once daily for eight consecutive days. Animals were exposed whole body to 5 Gy X-radiation on the 9 day. The radioprotective potential of DEC in lung tissues was assessed using oxidative stress examinations at 24 h after TBI and histopathological assay also was analyzed one week after TBI. Results from biochemical analyses demonstrated increased malonyldialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels of lung tissues in only irradiated group. Histopathologic findings also showed an increase in the number of inflammatory cells and the acute lung injury in this group. DEC pretreatment significantly mitigated the oxidative stress biomarkers as well as histological damages in irradiated mice. The favorable radioprotective effect against lungs injury was observed at a dose of 10 mg/kg of DEC in mice as compared with two other doses (50 and 100 mg/kg). The data of this study showed that DEC at a dose of 10 mg/kg with having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can be used as a therapeutic candidate for protecting the lung from radiation-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical, Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Mihandoust
- Department of Radiotherapy, Imam Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zohreh Noaparast
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical, Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Arash Ghasemi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical, Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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19
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Simultaneously Quantitative Analysis of Naringin and Its Major Human Gut Microbial Metabolites Naringenin and 3-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl) Propanoic Acid via Stable Isotope Deuterium-Labeling Coupled with RRLC-MS/MS Method. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234287. [PMID: 31775267 PMCID: PMC6930535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Widespread in citrus fruits, naringin, a natural 2,3-dihydroflavonoid, is of particular interest to scientists and has a broad range of beneficial bioactivities to health. Orally administered naringin remains in the gut tract for a relatively long time because of its low bioavailability. Under the metabolism mediated by human gut microbiota, naringin could be an active precursor for derived metabolites to play important physiological roles. However, naringin and its metabolites are hard to accurately quantify due to severe endogenic interference. In this study, an analytical rapid resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) method coupled with stable isotope deuterium-labeling is developed and validated to simultaneously quantify naringin as well as its major human gut microbial metabolites naringenin and 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid. By eliminating the matrix interferences, this strategy not only confirms naringenin and 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid as the predominant metabolites which contribute to the pharmacological effects of naringin but also provides a suitable choice for other flavonoid pharmacokinetics study.
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20
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Polyphenols: Major regulators of key components of DNA damage response in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Qu X, Li Q, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wang S, Zhou Z. Amentoflavone protects the hematopoietic system of mice against γ-irradiation. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:1021-1029. [PMID: 31549342 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Some flavonoids have been shown to exhibit good antioxidant activity and protect mice from damage induced by radiation. Amentoflavone (AMF), a biflavonoid derived from the traditional herb-Selaginella tamariscina, has been reported to have antioxidant properties. The protective effects and mechanism of action of AMF against radiation injury remain unknown. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to total-body 60Co γ-irradiation at 7.5 or 3.0 Gy. The survival rate and mean survival time were evaluated to determine the radioprotective effect of AMF. Number of peripheral blood cells, frequency of colony forming unit-granulocytes, monocytes and micronuclei were measured to assess the protective effects of AMF on the hematopoietic system. Levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and pathological changes in the bone marrow were determined. Additionally, next-generation sequencing technology was used to explore potential targets of AMF. We observed that AMF markedly extends average survival time, reduces injury to the hematopoietic system and promotes its recovery. Furthermore, treatment with AMF significantly attenuated radiation-induced oxidative stress. In addition, AMF had a significant effect on gene tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 2. Together, the results of this study suggest that AMF is a potential protective agent against radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Qu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and Health, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,Public Health Department of Medical School of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhaofen Wang
- Public Health Department of Medical School of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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22
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Abdel-Magied N, Shedid SM. The effect of naringenin on the role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like2 (Nrf2) and haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in reducing the risk of oxidative stress-related radiotoxicity in the spleen of rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:788-795. [PMID: 30843661 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to evaluate the radiomitigative effect of naringenin (NRG) on the modulation of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced spleen injury. Rats were exposed to 12 Gy (3Gy/two times/week). NRG (50mg/Kg), was orally given one hour after the first radiation dose, and daily continued during the irradiation period. Rats were sacrificed 1 day after the last dose of radiation. NRG showed a significant decrease of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide with a significant elevation of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione content. Moreover, NRG confirmed the intracellular defense mechanisms through activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like2 (Nrf2) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels and their protein expression. In addition, NRG deactivated the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, NRG showed positive modulation in the haematological values (WBCs, RBCs, Hb, Hct% and PLt). In conclusion, these results suggested that NRG reversed the IR-induced redox-imbalance in the rat spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Abdel-Magied
- Radiation Biology Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen M Shedid
- Radiation Biology Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Development of a new, sensitive, and robust analytical and bio-analytical RP-HPLC method for in-vitro and in-vivo quantification of naringenin in polymeric nanocarriers. J Anal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-019-0169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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24
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The Therapeutic Potential of Naringenin: A Review of Clinical Trials. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010011. [PMID: 30634637 PMCID: PMC6469163 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin is a flavonoid belonging to flavanones subclass. It is widely distributed in several Citrus fruits, bergamot, tomatoes and other fruits, being also found in its glycosides form (mainly naringin). Several biological activities have been ascribed to this phytochemical, among them antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic and cardioprotective effects. Nonetheless, most of the data reported have been obtained from in vitro or in vivo studies. Although some clinical studies have also been performed, the main focus is on naringenin bioavailability and cardioprotective action. In addition, these studies were done in compromised patients (i.e., hypercholesterolemic and overweight), with a dosage ranging between 600 and 800 μM/day, whereas the effect on healthy volunteers is still debatable. In fact, naringenin ability to improve endothelial function has been well-established. Indeed, the currently available data are very promising, but further research on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects is encouraged to improve both available production and delivery methods and to achieve feasible naringenin-based clinical formulations.
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25
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Kumar S, Kumar R. Role of acemannan O-acetyl group in murine radioprotection. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 207:460-470. [PMID: 30600029 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Present study was designed to investigate the role of acemannan acetyl group in murine radioprotection. Acemannan, extracted from Aloe vera gel, has molecular weight of 1.02 × 106 Da and mainly composed of mannose (84.9%), glucose (7.2%), and galactose (3.9%), with backbone of (1→4)-linked mannose and glucose. Acemannan was over-acetylated and deacetylated to investigate the role of acetyl group. Acetylation enhances acemannan viscosity and thermal stability. Free radicals scavenging and Fenton reaction inhibition was mediated by acemannan acetyl and hydroxyl group respectively. Native or over-acetylated or deacetylated acemannan pre-treatment to mice has shown to reduce the γ-radiation-induced oxidative damage, and hematopoietic injuries by free radical scavenging and microphage activation (secretes pro-hematopoietic factors through TLR-4) respectively. Over-acetylated acemannan has stronger effects on immunomodulation/radioprotection. In summary, acemannan acetyl-group modulates immune system, while hydroxyl-group participate in free radical scavenging, and present finding can be employed in food and pharma industries for enhancing polysaccharide bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Raj Kumar
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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26
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Chen T, Su W, Yan Z, Wu H, Zeng X, Peng W, Gan L, Zhang Y, Yao H. Identification of naringin metabolites mediated by human intestinal microbes with stable isotope-labeling method and UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:262-272. [PMID: 30172881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Widely presented in medicinal plants, naringin is one of the major flavanones with various pharmaceutical bioactivities. After oral administration, naringin predominantly undergoes metabolisms mediated by liver cytochrome P450 and gut microbes, while its human microbes-mediated metabolic profiling is still largely obscure due to the endogenous interferences, which makes it extremely difficult to analyze metabolites precisely. In this study, we aim of systematically investigating the biotransformation of naringin mediated by human intestinal microbes through applying stable isotope-labeling method. [2',3',5',6'-D4]naringin was synthesized and incubated anaerobically with human gut microbes. A total of 13 microbial metabolites were detected and identified by UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, among which 5 were reported for the first time. Furthermore, the proposed metabolic pathway revealed that naringin went through extensive phase I metabolism in human intestinal microbes. Of note, diverse metabolic profiles of naringin among human participants were obtained, which could be attributed to the distinct gut microbiota compositions of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taobin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zenghao Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li Gan
- Artis-chem Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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27
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Bhandari R, Paliwal JK, Kuhad A. Naringenin and its nanocarriers as potential phytotherapy for autism spectrum disorders. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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28
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Luo C, Liang W, Chen X, Wang J, Deng Z, Zhang H. Pharmaceutical cocrystals of naringenin with improved dissolution performance. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Four pharmaceutical cocrystals of naringenin were obtained, which demonstrate improved dissolution performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430081
- P. R. China
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
| | - Wendong Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430081
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Crystal Pharmatech
- Suzhou Industrial Park
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Zongwu Deng
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Hailu Zhang
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
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Naringenin glucuronidation in liver and intestine microsomes of humans, monkeys, rats, and mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:417-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Adana MY, Akang EN, Peter AI, Jegede AI, Naidu ECS, Tiloke C, Chuturgoon AA, Azu OO. Naringenin attenuates highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced sperm DNA fragmentations and testicular toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Andrology 2017; 6:166-175. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Y. Adana
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences; College of Health Sciences; University of Ilorin; Ilorin Nigeria
| | - E. N. Akang
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; College of Medicine; University of Lagos; Lagos Nigeria
| | - A. I. Peter
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Uyo; Uyo Nigeria
| | - A. I. Jegede
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - E. C. S. Naidu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - C. Tiloke
- Discipline of Biochemistry; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - A. A. Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Biochemistry; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - O. O. Azu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Windhoek Namibia
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PLGA-CTAB curcumin nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterization and molecular basis of anticancer activity in triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 cells). Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:944-954. [PMID: 28810532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are aggressive cancers, which do not control by hormonal therapy or therapies that target HER-2 receptors. Curcumin (Cur) has shown cytotoxic effects in multiple cancer cell lines. However, its medical uses remain limited due to low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. Therefore, present study was aimed to fabricate the small positive charge curcumin nanoparticles (CN) by nanoprecipitation methods using PLGA and CTAB, and to evaluate its anticancer efficacy and underlying the mechanism in triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 cells). In in-vitro drug release assay, Cur was released from CN by flicking diffusion and anomalous transport process. CN showed a higher cellular incorporation than free Cur resulted in higher cytotoxicity. Checking the anticancer activity at the molecular level, Cur has shown to induce the reactive oxygen species production that subsequently causes the DNA damage and resulting in p38-MAPK activation. The p38-MAPK induce the expression of p16/INKK4a, p21/waf1/cip1 and p53 resulting in a reduction in the level of CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1 and cyclin E and subsequently cell cycle arrest at G1/S and G2/M phase. It also reduces the expression of DNA repair gene, i.e. BRCA1, BRCA2, Rad51, Rad50, Mre11 and NBS1 resulting in apoptosis induction due to persistent DNA damage. This study presents an effective delivery of curcumin in TNBC cancer cells and it could open the new frontiers in clinical cancer chemotherapy.
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5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one (naringenin): X-ray diffraction structures of the naringenin enantiomers and DFT evaluation of the preferred ground-state structures and thermodynamics for racemization. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lim W, Park S, Bazer FW, Song G. Naringenin-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Prostate Cancer Cells Is Mediated via the PI3K/AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1118-1131. [PMID: 27606834 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Although, various drugs targeting the androgen receptor are normally used, the patients frequently undergo recurrence of the disease. To overcome these limitations, natural compounds have been researched for evidence that they suppress progression and metastasis of various cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated effects of naringenin, a natural anti-oxidant flavonoid derived from citrus, on prostate cancer cells (PC3 and LNCaP). Results of present study with PC3 and LNCaP cells revealed that naringenin inhibited proliferation and migration, while inducing apoptosis and ROS production by those cells. In addition, naringenin-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 proteins in PC3 cells, but not LNCaP cells. In a dose-dependent manner, naringenin decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P70S6K, S6, and P38 in PC3 cells, and reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P53, P38, and JNK proteins in LNCaP cells. However, naringenin activated phosphorylation of AKT in both PC3 and LNCaP cells. Then, targeted signaling proteins associated with viability of PC3 and LNCaP cells were analyzed using pharmacological inhibitors of AKT and ERK1/2 cell signaling pathways. Moreover, we compared the apoptotic effects of naringenin and paclitaxel alone and in combination to find that naringenin enhanced the efficiency of paclitaxel to suppress progression of prostate cancer cell lines. Collectively, these results indicate that naringenin is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of prostate cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1118-1131, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whasun Lim
- Department of Biotechnology and Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-2471, Texas
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology and Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Kumar S, Meena R, Rajamani P. Fabrication of BSA-Green Tea Polyphenols-Chitosan Nanoparticles and Their Role in Radioprotection: A Molecular and Biochemical Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6024-6034. [PMID: 27389300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Normal tissue damage from ionizing radiation during radiotherapy is a major concern in cancer treatment. Tea polyphenols (TPs) have been shown to reduce radiation-induced damage in multiple studies, but their pharmacological application is still limited due to poor bioavailability. The present study was aimed at to increase the TPs bioavailability by nanoformulation by using BSA as the matrix and chitosan as the external shell. Encapsulated TPs nanoparticles were spherical in size and promoted TPs stability in normal and gastrointestinal conditions without losing antioxidant activity. Oral administration of nanoparticles for 3 days prior to irradiation exposure has been shown to protect mice from hematological injuries that result in the reduction of radiation-induced lethality. TPs reduce radiation-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis by restoring the redox status through the Nrf2-ERK pathway and reducing Bax expression, respectively. Regarding potency, encapsulated TPs have shown a significantly higher level of radioprotection than TPs, suggesting that TP nanoparticles can be explored as valuable radioprotective and pharmacotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ramovatar Meena
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
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Role of Macrophage (M1 and M2) in Titanium-Dioxide Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Rat. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:1257-1275. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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