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Chen H, Cao S, Chen J, Wang H, Wei Y, Chen Y, Shao X, Xu F. BomMDH1 regulates malate-mediated oxidative stress in tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 300:154297. [PMID: 38945071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated process of cell suicide essential for plant development. The 'malate valve' is a mechanism that ensures redox balance across different subcellular compartments. In broccoli, the BomMDH1 gene encodes malate dehydrogenase in mitochondria, a critical enzyme in the 'malate circulation' pathway. This study investigates the functional role of BomMDH1 in malate (MA)-induced apoptosis in bright yellow-2 (BY-2) suspension cells. Findings revealed that transgenic cells overexpressing BomMDH1 showed enhanced viability under MA-induced oxidative stress compared to wild-type (WT) cells. Overexpression of BomMDH1 also reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA), while increasing the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes such as NtAPX, NtAOX1a, NtSOD, and NtMDHAR. Additionally, treatment with salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), a characteristic inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, further improved the anti-apoptotic activity of BY-2 cells. Overall, these results highlighted the function of the BomMDH1 gene and the potential of SHAM treatment in mitigating oxidative stress in BY-2 suspension cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China.
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Medeiros M, Guenka S, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Brassesco MS. Amicis Omnia Sunt Communia: NF-κB Inhibition as an Alternative to Overcome Osteosarcoma Heterogeneity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:734. [PMID: 38931401 PMCID: PMC11206879 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge in osteosarcoma (OS) treatment. In this regard, the "omics" era has constantly expanded our understanding of biomarkers and altered signaling pathways (i.e., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, WNT/β-catenin, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, among others) involved in OS pathophysiology. Despite different players and complexities, many commonalities have been described, among which the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) stands out. Its altered activation is pervasive in cancer, with pleiotropic action on many disease-relevant traits. Thus, in the scope of this article, we highlight the evidence of NF-κB dysregulation in OS and its integration with other cancer-related pathways while we summarize the repertoire of compounds that have been described to interfere with its action. In silico strategies were used to demonstrate that NF-κB is closely coordinated with other commonly dysregulated signaling pathways not only by functionally interacting with several of their members but also by actively participating in the regulation of their transcription. While existing inhibitors lack selectivity or act indirectly, the therapeutic potential of targeting NF-κB is indisputable, first for its multifunctionality on most cancer hallmarks, and secondly, because, as a common downstream effector of the many dysregulated pathways influencing OS aggressiveness, it turns complex regulatory networks into a simpler picture underneath molecular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Medeiros
- Cell Biology Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Sophia Guenka
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - David Bastos
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
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3
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Huang XL, Sun Y, Wen P, Pan JC, He WY. The potential mechanism of ursolic acid in the treatment of bladder cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241234006. [PMID: 38443785 PMCID: PMC10916484 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241234006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the potential molecular mechanisms of ursolic acid (UA) in bladder cancer treatment using network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and UniProt databases were used to screen potential targets of UA. Relevant bladder cancer target genes were extracted using the GeneCards database. All data were pooled and intercrossed to obtain common target genes of UA and bladder cancer. Gene Ontology functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Molecular docking was conducted to verify the possible binding conformation between UA and bladder cancer cells. Then, in vitro experiments were performed to further validate the predicted results. RESULTS UA exerts anti-tumor effects on bladder cancer through multiple targets and pathways. Molecular docking indicated that UA undergoes stable binding with the proteins encoded by the top six core genes (STAT3, VEGFA, CASP3, TP53, IL1B, and CCND1). The in vitro experiments verified that UA can induce bladder cancer cell apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study illustrated the potential mechanism of UA in bladder cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The results will provide scientific references for follow-up studies and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, People’s Hospital of Hechuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Wen
- Department of Urology, People’s Hospital of Hechuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Pan
- Department of Urology, People’s Hospital of Hechuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Yang He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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4
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Limami Y, Pinon A, Wahnou H, Oudghiri M, Liagre B, Simon A, Duval RE. Ursolic Acid's Alluring Journey: One Triterpenoid vs. Cancer Hallmarks. Molecules 2023; 28:7897. [PMID: 38067626 PMCID: PMC10707789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by various hallmarks, including uncontrolled cell growth, evasion of apoptosis, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis, among others. Traditional cancer therapies often target specific hallmarks, leading to limited efficacy and the development of resistance. Thus, there is a growing need for alternative strategies that can address multiple hallmarks concomitantly. Ursolic acid (UA), a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid, has recently emerged as a promising candidate for multitargeted cancer therapy. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the anticancer properties of UA, focusing on its ability to modulate various cancer hallmarks. The literature reveals that UA exhibits potent anticancer effects through diverse mechanisms, including the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis, inhibition of metastasis, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, UA has demonstrated promising activity against different cancer types (e.g., breast, lung, prostate, colon, and liver) by targeting various cancer hallmarks. This review discusses the molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in the anticancer effects of UA. Notably, UA has been found to modulate key signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin, which play crucial roles in cancer development and progression. Moreover, the ability of UA to destroy cancer cells through various mechanisms (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, inhibiting cell growth, dysregulating cancer cell metabolism, etc.) contributes to its multitargeted effects on cancer hallmarks. Despite promising anticancer effects, this review acknowledges hurdles related to UA's low bioavailability, emphasizing the need for enhanced therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youness Limami
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P. 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (M.O.)
| | - Aline Pinon
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P. 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (M.O.)
| | - Mounia Oudghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P. 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (M.O.)
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Alain Simon
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
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Zafar S, Khan K, Hafeez A, Irfan M, Armaghan M, Rahman AU, Gürer ES, Sharifi-Rad J, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV. Ursolic acid: a natural modulator of signaling networks in different cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:399. [PMID: 36496432 PMCID: PMC9741527 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence rate of cancer is estimated to increase by 40% in 2030. Furthermore, the development of resistance against currently available treatment strategies has contributed to the cancer-associated mortality. Scientists are now looking for the solutions that could help prevent the disease occurrence and could provide a pain-free treatment alternative for cancers. Therefore, efforts are now put to find a potent natural compound that could sever this purpose. Ursolic acid (UA), a triterpene acid, has potential to inhibit the tumor progression and induce sensitization to conventional treatment drugs has been documented. Though, UA is a hydrophobic compound therefore it is usually chemically modified to increase its bioavailability prior to administration. However, a thorough literature indicating its mechanism of action and limitations for its use at clinical level was not reviewed. Therefore, the current study was designed to highlight the potential mechanism of UA, its anti-cancer properties, and potential applications as therapeutic compound. This endeavour is a valuable contribution in understanding the hurdles preventing the translation of its potential at clinical level and provides foundations to design new studies that could help enhance its bioavailability and anti-cancer potential for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Zafar
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Amna Hafeez
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Armaghan
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Anees ur Rahman
- grid.412117.00000 0001 2234 2376Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Eda Sönmez Gürer
- grid.411689.30000 0001 2259 4311Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- grid.442126.70000 0001 1945 2902Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Monica Butnariu
- University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Calea Aradului 119, Timis, Romania
| | - Iulia-Cristina Bagiu
- grid.22248.3e0000 0001 0504 4027Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania ,Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- grid.22248.3e0000 0001 0504 4027Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania ,Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
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Markowski A, Jaromin A, Migdał P, Olczak E, Zygmunt A, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Pawlik K, Gubernator J. Design and Development of a New Type of Hybrid PLGA/Lipid Nanoparticle as an Ursolic Acid Delivery System against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5536. [PMID: 35628352 PMCID: PMC9143619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many attempts, trials, and treatment procedures, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still ranks among the most deadly and treatment-resistant types of cancer. Hence, there is still an urgent need to develop new molecules, drugs, and therapeutic methods against PDAC. Naturally derived compounds, such as pentacyclic terpenoids, have gained attention because of their high cytotoxic activity toward pancreatic cancer cells. Ursolic acid (UA), as an example, possesses a wide anticancer activity spectrum and can potentially be a good candidate for anti-PDAC therapy. However, due to its minimal water solubility, it is necessary to prepare an optimal nano-sized vehicle to overcome the low bioavailability issue. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymeric nanocarriers seem to be an essential tool for ursolic acid delivery and can overcome the lack of biological activity observed after being incorporated within liposomes. PLGA modification, with the addition of PEGylated phospholipids forming the lipid shell around the polymeric core, can provide additional beneficial properties to the designed nanocarrier. We prepared UA-loaded hybrid PLGA/lipid nanoparticles using a nanoprecipitation method and subsequently performed an MTT cytotoxicity assay for AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cells and determined the hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes with transmission electron microscopic (TEM) visualization of the nanoparticles and their cellular uptake. Hybrid UA-loaded lipid nanoparticles were also examined in terms of their stability, coating dynamics, and ursolic acid loading. We established innovative and repeatable preparation procedures for novel hybrid nanoparticles and obtained biologically active nanocarriers for ursolic acid with an IC50 below 20 µM, with an appropriate size for intravenous dosage (around 150 nm), high homogeneity of the sample (below 0.2), satisfactory encapsulation efficiency (up to 70%) and excellent stability. The new type of hybrid UA-PLGA nanoparticles represents a further step in the development of potentially effective PDAC therapies based on novel, biologically active, and promising triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Markowski
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Polish Academy of Science Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (P.M.); (K.P.)
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Bee Division, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Olczak
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Adrianna Zygmunt
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Magdalena Zaremba-Czogalla
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Krzysztof Pawlik
- Polish Academy of Science Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (P.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Jerzy Gubernator
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
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Fu D, Ni Z, Wu K, Cheng P, Ji X, Li G, Shang X. A novel redox-responsive ursolic acid polymeric prodrug delivery system for osteosarcoma therapy. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:195-205. [PMID: 33438472 PMCID: PMC7808744 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1870583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), found widely in nature, exerts effective anti-tumoral activity against various malignant tumors. However, the low water solubility and poor bioavailability of UA have greatly hindered its translation to the clinic. To overcome these drawbacks, a simple redox-sensitive UA polymeric prodrug was synthesized by conjugating UA to polyethylene glycol using a disulfide bond. This formulation can self-assemble into micelles (U-SS-M) in aqueous solutions to produce small size micelles (∼62.5 nm in diameter) with high drug loading efficiency (∼16.7%) that exhibit pH and reduction dual-sensitivity. The cell and animal studies performed using the osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line and MG-63 cancer xenograft mice as the model systems consistently confirmed that the U-SS-M formulation could significantly prolong the circulation in blood and favor accumulation in tumor tissue. Targeted accumulation allows the U-SS-M to be effectively internalized by cancer cells, where the rapid release of UA is favored by a glutathione-rich and acidic intracellular environment, and ultimately achieves potent antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijie Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kerong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Guoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xifu Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Zhi TX, Liu KQ, Cai KY, Zhao YC, Li ZW, Wang X, He XH, Sun XY. Anti-Lung Cancer Activities of 1,2,3-Triazole Curcumin Derivatives via Regulation of the MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 Signaling Pathways. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100676. [PMID: 34773680 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of curcumin derivatives containing 1,2,3-triazole were designed and synthesized, and their inhibitory activities against the proliferation of lung cancer cells were studied. Compound 5 k (3,4-dichlorobenzyltriazole methyl curcumin) had the best activity against A549 cells, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of 2.27 μM, which was approximately 10 times higher than that of the lead curcumin and higher than that of gefitinib (IC50 =8.64 μM). Western blotting revealed that 5 k increased the phosphorylation levels of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Compound 5 k also promoted the expression of the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (IκBα) and decreased that of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and β-catenin. Therefore, 5 k suppresses A549 cell proliferation by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases and suppressing NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathways. So, 5 k can potentially be used for treating non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Xin Zhi
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Qiang Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Yi Cai
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chao Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Wang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Hua He
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xian Yu Sun
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China
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Wang S, Bai M, Xu K, Shao Y, Yang Z, Xiong X, Huang R, Li Y, Liu H. Effects of Coated Cysteamine on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Weaned Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082217. [PMID: 34438677 PMCID: PMC8388385 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of dietary coated cysteamine on oxidative stress and inflammation in diquat-induced weaning pigs. Twenty-four pigs were randomly assigned to three dietary groups with eight replicates: the control (fed base diet), diquat (fed base diet), and coated cysteamine + diquat groups (fed 80 mg/kg cysteamine). The experiment was conducted for 21 d, and consisted of a pre-starter period (14 d) and a starter period (7 d). Coated cysteamine treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) the final weight and average daily gain (ADG) in pigs. The contents of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), immunoglobulin G (IgG), serine (Ser), and isoleucine (Ile) were elevated (p < 0.05) while the contents of albumin (ALB) and aspartic acid (Asp) were reduced (p < 0.05) in the serum after coated cysteamine supplementation. Coated cysteamine supplementation resulted in greater (p < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA in the colon, and the CuSOD mRNA expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05) and colon (p = 0.073). Coated cysteamine supplementation showed an increasing trend in villus height (p = 0.060), villus height/crypt depth (V/C) (p = 0.056), the expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA (p = 0.061), and Occludin mRNA (p = 0.074) in the jejunum. In summary, dietary supplementation with coated cysteamine improves the intestinal barrier function of the jejunum by increasing the immunoglobulin content and the relative expression of intestinal immune factor mRNA in pigs while alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions caused by diquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miaomiao Bai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Kang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Yirui Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Zhe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Xia Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Ruilin Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Yao Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (M.B.); (K.X.); (Y.S.); (X.X.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.L.)
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10
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Wang Y, Luo Z, Zhou D, Wang X, Chen J, Gong S, Yu Z. Nano-assembly of ursolic acid with platinum prodrug overcomes multiple deactivation pathways in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4110-4119. [PMID: 33949442 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00087j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As the most common cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths worldwide, ovarian cancer requires novel therapy strategies. Pt(ii)-Based antitumor drugs (e.g. cisplatin) are one of the most successful and frequently used drugs in ovarian cancer chemotherapy at present. However, drug resistance and severe side effects are the major problems in cancer treatment. Herein, the design of a reduction responsive platinum(iv) (Pt(iv))/ursolic acid (UA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) dual prodrug amphiphile (Pt(iv)-UA-PEG) to treat cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer is reported for the first time. Pt(iv)-UA-PEG could self-assemble into nanoparticles (Pt(iv)-UA NPs) with a fixed and precise Pt/UA ratio, and a constantly high content of drugs. Pt(iv)-UA NPs could be efficiently taken up by cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells and release the drug in intracellular reductive and acidic environments. In vitro studies show that the released UA and cisplatin have different anticancer mechanisms, and their synergistic effects overcome the detoxification and anti-apoptotic mechanisms of cancer cells. Furthermore, the in vivo results indicate that Pt(iv)-UA NPs have a prolonged blood circulation time, enhanced tumor accumulation, and significantly improved antitumor efficacy in A2780/DDP tumor-bearing mice, without causing any side effects. In summary, our results demonstrate that the development of the stimuli-responsive dual prodrug amphiphile nano-assembly provides a new strategy to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, P. R. China.
| | - Zhijian Luo
- A School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Dongfang Zhou
- A School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, P. R. China. and A School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shipeng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, P. R. China. and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, P. R. China. and A School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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11
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Feng B, Zhu Y, Yan L, Yan H, Huang X, Jiang D, Li Z, Hua L, Zhuo Y, Fang Z, Che L, Lin Y, Xu S, Huang C, Zou Y, Li L, Wu D. Ursolic acid induces the production of IL6 and chemokines in both adipocytes and adipose tissue. Adipocyte 2020; 9:523-534. [PMID: 32876525 PMCID: PMC7714451 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1814545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation plays an important role in the regulation of glucose and lipids metabolism. It is unknown whether Ursolic acid (UA) could regulate adipose tissue inflammation, though it can regulate inflammation in many other tissues. In this study, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, DIO mice and lean mice were treated with UA or vehicle. Gene expression of inflammatory factors, chemokines and immune markers in adipocytes and adipose tissue, cytokines in cell culture medium and serum, and inflammation regulatory pathways in adipocytes were detected. Results showed that UA increased the expression of interleukins and chemokines, but not TNFα, in both adipocytes and adipose tissue. IL6 and MCP1 levels in the cell culture medium and mouse serum were induced by UA treatment. Cd14 expression level and number of CD14+ monocytes were higher in UA treated adipose tissue than those in the control group. Glucose tolerance test was impaired by UA treatment in DIO mice. Mechanistically, UA induced the expression of Tlr4 and the phosphorylation levels of ERK and NFκB in adipocytes. In conclusion, our study indicated that short-term UA administration could induce CD14+ monocytes infiltration by increasing the production of interleukins and chemokines in mouse adipose tissue, which might further impair glucose tolerance test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingguo Zhu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lun Hua
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - De Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Atranones from Stachybotrys chartarum and their antitumor activities in MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104727. [PMID: 32950600 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two new atranones T and U (1 and 2), and three known analogues atranone B (3), atranone Q (4), and stachatranone C (5) were isolated from the toxigenic fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic data and calculated ECD analyses. The cytotoxicities of all the atranones (1-5) were evaluated against MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell lines. Compound 4 exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against MG-63 with IC50 value of 8.6 μM, being more active than the positive control, 5-FU (IC50 10.4 μM). Morphological features of apoptosis activities were evaluated in 4-treated MG-63 cells. Compound 4 effectively induced apoptosis of MG-63, which was associated with G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the treatment by 4 significantly induced MG-63 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.
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13
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Agarwal S, Maekawa T. Nano delivery of natural substances as prospective autophagy modulators in glioblastoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102270. [PMID: 32702467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most destructive type of malignant brain tumor in humans due to cancer relapse. Latest studies have indicated that cancer cells are more reliant on autophagy for survival than non-cancer cells. Autophagy is entitled as programmed cell death type II and studies imply that it is a comeback of cancer cells to innumerable anti-cancer therapies. To diminish the adverse consequences of chemotherapeutics, numerous herbs of natural origin have been retained in cancer treatments. Additionally, autophagy induction occurs via their tumor suppressive actions that could cause cell senescence and increase apoptosis-independent cell death. However, most of the drugs have poor solubility and thus nano drug delivery systems possess excessive potential to improve the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of encapsulated drugs. There is a pronounced need for more therapies for glioblastoma treatment and hereby, the fundamental mechanisms of natural autophagy modulators in glioblastoma are prudently reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Agarwal
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
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14
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Zhou H, Liu J, Chen Z. Coronarin D suppresses proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells via activating JNK signaling pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 216:152789. [PMID: 31870592 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coronarin D (CD) is one of the primary components of the Hedychium coronarium rhizomes and possesses strong anticancer effects via preventing cell growth in many cancer cells. The study was aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of CD on proliferation, invasion and migration of gliomas cells. Gliomas cell lines U251 was employed for detecting cells viability and proliferation by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation assay. In addition, scratch wound healing and transwell assays were performed for the analysis of U251 cells invasion and migration respectively. Furthermore, the expression of p-Akt/Akt, p-p38/p38, p-ERK/ERK, p-JNK/JNK, p-STAT3/STAT3, cyclinE, cyclinD1, CTGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by Western blotting. CD could suppress proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells and induced reduction of cyclinE, cyclinD1, CTGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression via activating JNK signaling pathway. CD treatment suppressed expression of p-AKT, p38, and ERK and elevated expression of p-JNK in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, CD significantly induced reduction of phosphorylated STAT3 expression. Exposure of cells to the JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 reduced the cytotoxicity effects of CD, combination of CD and SP600125 corrected overexpression of phosphorylated JNK and reduction of phosphorylated STAT3. Pretreatment of SP600125 also improves gliomas cells viability and invasion. The results revealed that CD may remarkably suppress gliomas cell growth through JNK and STAT3 signaling. In present study, these findings revealed that CD induces suppression of cell viability in gliomas cells and possesses therapeutic effect on gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), PR China
| | - Zhongjun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, PR China.
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15
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Oh JY, Kim EH, Lee YJ, Sai S, Lim SH, Park JW, Chung HK, Kim J, Vares G, Takahashi A, Jeong YK, Kim MS, Kong CB. Synergistic Autophagy Effect of miR-212-3p in Zoledronic Acid-Treated In Vitro and Orthotopic In Vivo Models and in Patient-Derived Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111812. [PMID: 31752184 PMCID: PMC6895802 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) originates from osteoid bone tissues and is prone to metastasis, resulting in a high mortality rate. Although several treatments are available for OS, an effective cure does not exist for most patients with advanced OS. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a third-generation bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and has shown efficacy in treating bone metastases in patients with various types of solid tumors. Here, we sought to clarify the mechanisms through which ZOL inhibits OS cell proliferation. ZOL treatment inhibited OS cell proliferation, viability, and colony formation. Autophagy inhibition by RNA interference against Beclin-1 or ATG5 inhibited ZOL-induced OS cell death. ZOL induced autophagy by repressing the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin/p70S6 kinase pathway and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling-dependent autophagy in OS cell lines and patient-derived OS cells. Microarrays of miRNA showed that ZOL increased the levels of miR-212-3p, which is known to play an important role in autophagy, in OS in vitro and in vivo systems. Collectively, our data provided mechanistic insight into how increased miR-212-3p through ZOL treatment induces autophagy synergistically in OS cells, providing a preclinical rationale for conducting a broad-scale clinical evaluation of ZOL + miR-212-3p in treating OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Oh
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea; (J.Y.O.); (J.K.)
- Division of Radiological Science and Clinical Translational Research Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Eun Ho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (E.H.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Yeon-Joo Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
| | - Sei Sai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan;
| | - Sun Ha Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (E.H.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Jang Woo Park
- Korea Drug Development Platform using Radio-isotope, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea; (J.W.P.); (H.K.C.)
| | - Hye Kyung Chung
- Korea Drug Development Platform using Radio-isotope, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea; (J.W.P.); (H.K.C.)
| | - Joon Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea; (J.Y.O.); (J.K.)
| | - Guillaume Vares
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa 1919-1, Japan;
| | - Akihisa Takahashi
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan;
| | - Youn Kyoung Jeong
- Research Center for Radiotherapy, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea;
| | - Mi-Sook Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea
- Correspondence: or (M.-S.K.); (C.-B.K.)
| | - Chang-Bae Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea
- Correspondence: or (M.-S.K.); (C.-B.K.)
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16
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Luo H, Vong CT, Chen H, Gao Y, Lyu P, Qiu L, Zhao M, Liu Q, Cheng Z, Zou J, Yao P, Gao C, Wei J, Ung COL, Wang S, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Naturally occurring anti-cancer compounds: shining from Chinese herbal medicine. Chin Med 2019; 14:48. [PMID: 31719837 PMCID: PMC6836491 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous natural products originated from Chinese herbal medicine exhibit anti-cancer activities, including anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic effects, as well as regulate autophagy, reverse multidrug resistance, balance immunity, and enhance chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. To provide new insights into the critical path ahead, we systemically reviewed the most recent advances (reported since 2011) on the key compounds with anti-cancer effects derived from Chinese herbal medicine (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, berberine, artemisinin, ginsenoside Rg3, ursolic acid, silibinin, emodin, triptolide, cucurbitacin B, tanshinone I, oridonin, shikonin, gambogic acid, artesunate, wogonin, β-elemene, and cepharanthine) in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Clinical Trials). With a broader perspective, we focused on their recently discovered and/or investigated pharmacological effects, novel mechanism of action, relevant clinical studies, and their innovative applications in combined therapy and immunomodulation. In addition, the present review has extended to describe other promising compounds including dihydroartemisinin, ginsenoside Rh2, compound K, cucurbitacins D, E, I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in view of their potentials in cancer therapy. Up to now, the evidence about the immunomodulatory effects and clinical trials of natural anti-cancer compounds from Chinese herbal medicine is very limited, and further research is needed to monitor their immunoregulatory effects and explore their mechanisms of action as modulators of immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Luo
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peng Lyu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zehua Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peifen Yao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jinchao Wei
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Lin CW, Chin HK, Lee SL, Chiu CF, Chung JG, Lin ZY, Wu CY, Liu YC, Hsiao YT, Feng CH, Bai LY, Weng JR. Ursolic acid induces apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:983-991. [PMID: 31062913 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the fifth common cause of cancer mortality in Taiwan with high incidence and recurrence and needs new therapeutic strategies. In this study, ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid, was examined the antitumor potency in OSCC cells. Our results showed that UA inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both Ca922 and SCC2095 oral cancer cells. UA induced caspase-dependent apoptosis accompanied with the modulation of various biological biomarkers including downregulating Akt/mTOR/NF-κB signaling, ERK, and p38. In addition, UA inhibited angiogenesis as evidenced by abrogation of migration/invasion and blocking MMP-2 secretion in Ca922 cells. Interestingly, UA induced autophagy in OSCC cells, as manifested by LC3B-II conversion and increased p62 expression and accumulation of autophagosomes. Inhibition by autophagy inhibitor enhanced UA-mediated apoptosis in Ca922 cells. The experiment provides a rationale for using triterpenoid in the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Kuo Chin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Lun Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fang Chiu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yin Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yung Wu
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Feng
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Chen H, Wu X, Duan Y, Zhi D, Zou M, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhang J. Ursolic acid isolated from Isodon excisoides induces apoptosis and inhibits invasion of GBC-SD gallbladder carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1467-1474. [PMID: 31423212 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a relatively rare but terminal malignancy, and drug/chemical development is an important aspect of prevention and treatment of GBC. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, has been reported to exhibit various pharmaceutical effects. In the present study, the antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of UA and the associated mechanisms in GBC were examined. UA was isolated from Isodon excisoides. The GBC cells (GBC-SD and NOZ) were treated with UA and subjected to a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The GBC-SD cells were subsequently selected for an Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide assay, Transwell chamber assay, RT2 profiler polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array and western blot analysis. The results indicated that UA inhibited the proliferation and invasion and induced the apoptosis of GBC-SD cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the PCR arrays demonstrated that there were 24 differentially expressed genes between the UA-treated and untreated groups. These differentially expressed genes suggested that UA induced the apoptosis of GBC-SD cells through activation of the cell extrinsic pathway. According to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of these differentially expressed genes, the suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways was further validated. In summary, UA induces the apoptosis and inhibits the invasion of GBC-SD cells, which may be associated with the suppression of NF-κB and Akt signaling pathways. These results may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for the chemoprevention or chemotherapy of GBC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Chen
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Duan
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Dexian Zhi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
| | - Min Zou
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoang Yang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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19
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Zhang L, Cai QY, Liu J, Peng J, Chen YQ, Sferra TJ, Lin JM. Ursolic acid suppresses the invasive potential of colorectal cancer cells by regulating the TGF-β1/ZEB1/miR-200c signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3274-3282. [PMID: 31452805 PMCID: PMC6676672 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a biologically active compound, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It has been reported to exhibit strong anticancer properties against a variety of cancers. Our previous studies showed that UA promoted apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and inhibited cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. However, the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of UA in CRC progression remain unclear. In the present study, the role of UA in suppressing the migration and invasion of human colon cancer HCT116 and HCT-8 cells was investigated, using Transwell assays. In addition, to evaluate whether the anticancer properties of UA were mediated by the regulation of a double-negative feedback loop consisting of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB1) pathway and microRNA (miR)-200a/b/c, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed. The results indicated that UA treatment significantly suppressed cellular growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and HCT-8 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, following UA treatment, several crucial mediators of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, including TGF-β1, phosphorylated (p)-Smad2/3, p-focal adhesion kinase and ZEB1, were significantly downregulated in the HCT116 and HCT-8 cell lines compared with the control group. Furthermore, the ratio of N-cadherin/E-cadherin, two proteins directly downstream of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, was found to be downregulated in UA treated CRC cells. Finally, UA significantly upregulated miR200a/b/c, with miR-200c exhibiting the highest increase in expression levels following UA treatment. Collectively, the present study suggested that inhibition of CRC cell invasion by UA occurred via regulation of the TGF-β1/ZEB1/miR-200c signaling network, which may be one of the mechanisms by which UA appears to be an effective therapeutic agent against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - You-Qin Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jiu-Mao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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20
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Wang W, Lei L, Liu Z, Wang H, Meng Q. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Nitrogen Heterocycle-Containing Ursolic Acid Analogs as Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E877. [PMID: 30832266 PMCID: PMC6429512 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nineteen ursolic acid analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against the Hela and MKN45 cell lines. Some compounds containing a piperazine moiety displayed moderate to high levels of antitumor activities against the tested cancer cell lines. The most potent compound shares the IC50 value of 2.1 µM and 2.6 µM for the Hela and MKN45 cell lines, respectively. Further mechanism studies and in vivo antitumor studies have shown that it decreased the apoptosis regulator (BCL2/BAX) ratio, disrupted mitochondrial potential and induced apoptosis, and suppressed the growth of Hela xenografts in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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21
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Lin HW, Hsieh MJ, Yeh CB, Hsueh KC, Hsieh YH, Yang SF. Coronarin D induces apoptotic cell death through the JNK pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:946-954. [PMID: 29968959 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronarin D, a diterpene derived from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, has been used to treat inflammatory diseases. Coronarin D can exert strong anticancer effects through cell growth prevention and cell cycle arrest in many cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism through which coronarin D suppresses cell proliferation and triggers cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Treatment of Huh7 and Sk-hep-1 cells with coronarin D resulted in a significantly increased loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the cleavage and activation of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3 and changes in Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL protein levels. Coronarin D significantly induced autophagy by increasing the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II and reducing the expression of p62. Moreover, Huh7 and Sk-hep-1 cells exposed to coronarin D had decreased expression of phosphorylated AKT, p38, and ERK and increased expression of phosphorylated JNK. Exposure of cells to the JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the apoptotic effects of coronarin D. Taken together, this is the first study to report that coronarin D may effectively inhibit cell growth through apoptosis. We have provided evidence indicating that coronarin D induces cell death through the upregulation of JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases in human HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Bin Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chun Hsueh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbour Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Chen H, Liu RH. Potential Mechanisms of Action of Dietary Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention by Targeting Cellular Signaling Transduction Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3260-3276. [PMID: 29498272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe health problem that significantly undermines life span and quality. Dietary approach helps provide preventive, nontoxic, and economical strategies against cancer. Increased intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are linked to reduced risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. The anticancer activities of plant-based foods are related to the actions of phytochemicals. One potential mechanism of action of anticancer phytochemicals is that they regulate cellular signal transduction pathways and hence affects cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Recent publications have reported phytochemicals to have anticancer activities through targeting a wide variety of cell signaling pathways at different levels, such as transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation, protein activation and intercellular messaging. In this review, we discuss major groups of phytochemicals and their regulation on cell signaling transduction against carcinogenesis via key participators, such as Nrf2, CYP450, MAPK, Akt, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-κB, and cancer-related miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853-7201 , United States
- Institute of Edible Fungi , Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Science , Shanghai 201403 , China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853-7201 , United States
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23
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Lo YC, Lin YC, Huang YF, Hsieh CP, Wu CC, Chang IL, Chen CL, Cheng CH, Chen HY. Carnosol-Induced ROS Inhibits Cell Viability of Human Osteosarcoma by Apoptosis and Autophagy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1761-1772. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carnosol is an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory compound from rosemary. In this paper, we investigated antitumor activity of carnosol against human osteosarcoma cells. We found the viability of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells was significantly decreased in the presence of carnosol (cell viabilities: 17.2% for 20[Formula: see text]μg/ml of CS vs. 100% for control, [Formula: see text]). Carnosol induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner in MG-63 cells. Furthermore, carnosol exposure increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The pre-treatment of NAC, the ROS scavenger, blocked the inhibition of cell viability in the carnosol treatment, indicating that ROS is important in the antiproliferation effect. Moreover, we demonstrated that carnosol significantly induced autophagy and co-administration of autophagy inhibitor reduced the antiproliferating effect of carnosol. This result exhibited the cytotoxic effect of autophagy induced by carnosol in MG-63 cells. Interestingly, the treatment of NAC decreased carnosol-induced autophagy. Collectively, these data indicate that carnosol suppresses the viability of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells by upregulation of apoptosis and autophagy, which are both mediated by ROS. Thus, carnosol might serve as a potential therapeutic agent against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Lo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Chi Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Fu Huang
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Pu Hsieh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Chieh Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ing-Lin Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiu-Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Nursing, Da Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Hsiang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Yao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, R.O.C
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24
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Fajardo-Sánchez E, Galiano V, Villalaín J. Location of the bioactive pentacyclic triterpene ursolic acid in the membrane. A molecular dynamics study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 35:2688-2700. [PMID: 27569018 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1229219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (URS), an ursane-representative bioactive pentacyclic triterpene, is a plant secondary metabolite presenting a great number of pharmacological beneficial properties. Due to the prominent hydrophobic character of URS and its high phospholipid/water partition coefficient, some of its possible effects on biological systems might be related to its capacity to interact with and locate into the membrane as well as interact specifically with its components. In this work, we have studied the location and orientation of URS in the membrane by molecular dynamics simulations. At the end of the simulation, URS locates near the surface in vicinity to the phospholipid headgroups but its orientation depends on lipid composition, its final average orientation being a nearly parallel one in POPC but a nearly perpendicular one in POPC/POPE/POPG/PSM/Chol. Furthermore, in the complex lipid system URS seems to interact specifically with POPE, PSM, and Chol excluding POPG from its surroundings, which could lead to phase separation and domain formation. The different disposition of URS in the membrane and its specific interaction with certain lipid types could lead to a significant perturbation of the membrane structure. The important pharmacological activities of URS would rely on the effects it exerts on the membrane structure in general and the existence of specific interactions with specific lipids in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Fajardo-Sánchez
- a Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute , Universitas "Miguel Hernández" , E-03202 Elche-Alicante , Spain
| | - Vicente Galiano
- b Physics and Computer Architecture Department , Universitas "Miguel Hernández" , E-03202 Elche-Alicante , Spain
| | - José Villalaín
- a Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute , Universitas "Miguel Hernández" , E-03202 Elche-Alicante , Spain
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25
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Ying X, Wang Y, Xu H, Li X, Yan H, Tang H, Wen C, Li Y. The construction of the multifunctional targeting ursolic acids liposomes and its apoptosis effects to C6 glioma stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64129-64142. [PMID: 28969057 PMCID: PMC5609989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain gliomas, one of the most fatal tumors to human, severely threat the health and life of human. They are capable of extremely strong invasion ability. And invasive glioma cells could rapidly penetrate into normal brain tissues and break them. We prepared a kind of functional liposomes, which could be transported acrossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and afterwards induce the apoptosis of glioma stem cells. In this research, we chose ursolic acids (UA) as an anti-cancer drug to inhibit the growth of C6 glioma cells, while epigallocatechin 3-gallate(EGCG) as the agent that could induce the apoptosis of C6 glioma stem cells. With the targeting ability of MAN, the liposomes could be delivered through the BBB and finally were concentrated on the brain gliomas. Cell experiments in vitro demonstrated that the functional liposomes were able to significantly enhance the anti-cancer effects of the drugs due to promoting the apoptosis and endocytosis effects of C6 glioma cells and C6 glioma stem cells at the same time. Furthermore, the evaluations through animal models showed that the drugs could obviously prolong the survival period of brain glioma-bearing mice and inhibit the tumor growth. Consequently, multifunctional targeting ursolic acids liposomes could potentially improve the therapeutic effects on C6 glioma cells and C6 glioma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haolun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Helu Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, People's Republic of China.,School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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26
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Lewinska A, Bednarz D, Adamczyk-Grochala J, Wnuk M. Phytochemical-induced nucleolar stress results in the inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation. Redox Biol 2017; 12:469-482. [PMID: 28334682 PMCID: PMC5362140 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus is a stress sensor and compromised nucleolar activity may be considered as an attractive anticancer strategy. In the present study, the effects of three plant-derived natural compounds, i.e., sulforaphane (SFN), ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA) on nucleolar state were investigated in breast cancer cell lines of different receptor status, namely MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells. Cytostatic action of phytochemicals against breast cancer cells was observed at low micromolar concentration window (5-20µM) and mediated by elevated p21 levels, and cell proliferation of SFN-, UA- and BA-treated normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) was unaffected. Phytochemical-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation was accompanied by increased levels of superoxide and protein carbonylation that lead to disorganization of A- and B-type lamin networks and alterations in the nuclear architecture. Phytochemicals promoted nucleolar stress as judged by the nucleoplasmic translocation of RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN3/TIF-IA, inhibition of new rRNA synthesis and decrease in number of nucleoli. Phytochemicals also decreased the levels of NOP2, proliferation-associated nucleolar protein p120, and WDR12 required for maturation of 28S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome, and phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein that may result in diminished translation and inhibition of cell proliferation. In summary, three novel ribotoxic stress stimuli were revealed with a potential to be used in nucleolus-focused anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lewinska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | - Diana Bednarz
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Wnuk
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
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27
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Lewinska A, Adamczyk-Grochala J, Kwasniewicz E, Deregowska A, Wnuk M. Ursolic acid-mediated changes in glycolytic pathway promote cytotoxic autophagy and apoptosis in phenotypically different breast cancer cells. Apoptosis 2017; 22:800-815. [PMID: 28213701 PMCID: PMC5401707 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenotids with multiple biological activities are considered as promising candidates for cancer therapy and prevention. However, their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. In the present study, we have analyzed the effects of low dose treatment (5-20 µM) of ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA) on breast cancer cells of different receptor status, namely MCF-7 (ER+, PR+/-, HER2-), MDA-MB-231 (ER-, PR-, HER2-) and SK-BR-3 (ER-, PR-, HER2+). UA-mediated response was more potent than BA-mediated response. Triterpenotids (5-10 µM) caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, an increase in p21 levels and SA-beta-galactosidase staining that was accompanied by oxidative stress and DNA damage. UA (20 µM) also diminished AKT signaling that affected glycolysis as judged by decreased levels of HK2, PKM2, ATP and lactate. UA-induced energy stress activated AMPK that resulted in cytotoxic autophagy and apoptosis. UA-mediated elevation in nitric oxide levels and ATM activation may also account for AMPK activation-mediated cytotoxic response. Moreover, UA-promoted apoptosis was associated with decreased pERK1/2 signals and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Taken together, we have shown for the first time that UA at low micromolar range may promote its anticancer action by targeting glycolysis in phenotypically distinct breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lewinska
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | | | - Ewa Kwasniewicz
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Anna Deregowska
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Wnuk
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland
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Wu CC, Huang YF, Hsieh CP, Chueh PJ, Chen YL. Combined Use of Zoledronic Acid Augments Ursolic Acid-Induced Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells through Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Autophagy. Molecules 2016; 21:E1640. [PMID: 27916903 PMCID: PMC6274426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene acid found in many medicinal herbs and edible plants, triggers apoptosis in several tumor cell lines but not in human bone cancer cells. Most recently, we have demonstrated that UA exposure reduces the viability of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells through enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Interestingly, an inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, zoledronic acid (ZOL), also a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is effective in the treatment of bone metastases in patients with various solid tumors. In this present study, we found that UA combined with ZOL to significantly suppress cell viability, colony formation, and induce apoptosis in two lines of human osteosarcoma cells. The pre-treatment of the antioxidant had reversed the oxidative stress and cell viability inhibition in the combined treatment, indicating that oxidative stress is important in the combined anti-tumor effects. Moreover, we demonstrated that ZOL combined with UA significantly induced autophagy and co-administration of autophagy inhibitor reduces the growth inhibitory effect of combined treatment. Collectively, these data shed light on the pathways involved in the combined effects of ZOL and UA that might serve as a potential therapy against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chieh Wu
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Fu Huang
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Pu Hsieh
- Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Transplant Medicine & Surgery Research Centre, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nansiao St., Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
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3β-Hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid prolongs lifespan in C. elegans by modulating JNK-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:539-543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang RX, Li Y, Tian DD, Liu Y, Nian W, Zou X, Chen QZ, Zhou LY, Deng ZL, He BC. Ursolic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human osteosarcoma cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1973-1982. [PMID: 27665868 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although multiple chemotherapeutic agents have been used for osteosarcoma (OS) treatment, their mechanisms need further study. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, can reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cells, such as OS. However, the exact mechanism underlying this function remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti‑proliferative effect of UA in human OS 143B cells and dissected the possible molecular mechanism underlying this effect. We demonstrated that UA can reduce cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycle in 143B cells, as well as inhibit OS tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Using a luciferase reporter assay, we found that the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling is inhibited by UA in 143B cells. Correspondingly, the expression level and nuclear translocation of β‑catenin are both decreased by UA. Exogenous expression of β‑catenin attenuates the anticancer effect of UA in 143B cells, while knockdown of β‑catenin enhances this effect. UA increases the expression level of p53 in a concentration‑dependent manner, and inhibition of p53 reduces the anticancer effect of UA in 143B cells. Moreover, inhibition of p53 partly reverses the UA‑induced downregulation of β‑catenin, as do the targets of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling, such as c‑Myc and cyclin D1. Our findings indicated that UA can inhibit the proliferation of 143B OS cells through inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which may be mediated partly by upregulating the expression of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Xi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Dong Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wu Nian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Zhao Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Yun Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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