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Kharlamova AD, Ermakova EV, Abel AS, Gontcharenko VE, Cheprakov AV, Averin AD, Beletskaya IP, Andraud C, Bretonnière Y, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Quinoxaline-based azamacrocycles: synthesis, AIE behavior and acidochromism. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5181-5192. [PMID: 38864283 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The development of luminescent molecular materials has advanced rapidly in recent decades, primarily driven by the synthesis of novel emissive compounds and a deeper understanding of excited-state mechanisms. Herein, we report a streamlined synthetic approach to light-emitting diazapolyoxa- and polyazamacrocycles N2CnOxQ and NyCnQ (n = 3-10; x = 2, 3; y = 2-5), incorporating a 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline residue (DPQ). This synthetic strategy based on macrocyclization through Pd-catalyzed amination reaction yields the target macrocycles in good or high yields (46-92%), enabling precise control over their structural parameters. A key role of the PhPF-tBu ligand belonging to the JosiPhos series in this macrocyclization was elucidated through DFT computation. This macrocyclization reaction eliminates the need for complex protecting-deprotecting procedures of secondary amine groups, offering a convenient and scalable method for the preparation of target compounds. Moreover, it boasts a potentially broad substrate scope, making it promising for structure-properties studies within photophysics, sensor development, and material synthesis. Photophysical properties of representative macrocycles were investigated, employing spectroscopic techniques and DFT computation. It was demonstrated that DPQ-containing macrocycles display aggregation-induced emission in a DCM-hexane solvent mixture despite the presence of flexible tethers within their structures. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of a representative compound N2C8O3Q allowed us to gain deeper insight into its molecular structure and AIE behaviour. The emissive aggregates of the N2C10O3Q macrocycle were immobilized on filter paper yielding AIE-exhibiting test strips for measuring acidity in vapors and in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa D Kharlamova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta V Ermakova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Anton S Abel
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Victoria E Gontcharenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 53, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Andrei V Cheprakov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexei D Averin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Irina P Beletskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
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2
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Saini RK, Borpatra PJ, Chaubey TN, Pandey SK. I 2-Mediated Site-Selective C-H Functionalization: Access to p-Amino-Substituted Unsymmetrical Benzils and Quinoxalines from Sulfoxonium Ylides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5536-5545. [PMID: 38569000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An I2-mediated approach for selective C-H functionalization of unprotected aniline derivatives for synthesizing benzils and quinoxaline derivatives from sulfoxonium ylides has been described. Aniline derivatives and sulfoxonium ylides ornamented with different functional groups showed good compatibility. They afforded the corresponding products with moderate to high yields via a mild and simple procedure. Finally, we validated the practicality of this method by scaling up the reaction and further conversion of the synthesized derivatives into other valuable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Paran J Borpatra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Trayambek Nath Chaubey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Hidalgo C, Paula-Lima A. RyR-mediated calcium release in hippocampal health and disease. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:25-36. [PMID: 37957056 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is widely considered the cellular basis of learning and spatial memory processes. This article highlights the central role of Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent memory in health and disease. The key participation of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels, which are the principal Ca2+ release channels expressed in the hippocampus, in these processes is emphasized. It is proposed that the increased neuronal oxidative tone displayed by hippocampal neurons during aging or Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to excessive activation of RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, a process that is highly redox-sensitive, and that this abnormal response contributes to and aggravates these deleterious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Exercise, Metabolism, and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile.
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4
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Torres R, Hidalgo C. Subcellular localization and transcriptional regulation of brain ryanodine receptors. Functional implications. Cell Calcium 2023; 116:102821. [PMID: 37949035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyR) are intracellular Ca2+ channels localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, where they act as critical mediators of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ calcium release (CICR). In the brain, mammals express in both neurons, and non-neuronal cells, a combination of the three RyR-isoforms (RyR1-3). Pharmacological approaches, which do not distinguish between isoforms, have indicated that RyR-isoforms contribute to brain function. However, isoform-specific manipulations have revealed that RyR-isoforms display different subcellular localizations and are differentially associated with neuronal function. These findings raise the need to understand RyR-isoform specific transcriptional regulation, as this knowledge will help to elucidate the causes of neuronal dysfunction for a growing list of brain disorders that show altered RyR channel expression and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Torres
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lago Panguipulli 1390, 5501842, Puerto Montt, Chile.
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Department of Neurosciences. Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380000, Chile
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5
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Parkkinen I, Their A, Asghar MY, Sree S, Jokitalo E, Airavaara M. Pharmacological Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure and Calcium Dynamics: Importance for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:959-978. [PMID: 37127349 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle of the cell, composed of a continuous network of sheets and tubules, and is involved in protein, calcium (Ca2+), and lipid homeostasis. In neurons, the ER extends throughout the cell, both somal and axodendritic compartments, and is highly important for neuronal functions. A third of the proteome of a cell, secreted and membrane-bound proteins, are processed within the ER lumen and most of these proteins are vital for neuronal activity. The brain itself is high in lipid content, and many structural lipids are produced, in part, by the ER. Cholesterol and steroid synthesis are strictly regulated in the ER of the blood-brain barrier protected brain cells. The high Ca2+ level in the ER lumen and low cytosolic concentration is needed for Ca2+-based intracellular signaling, for synaptic signaling and Ca2+ waves, and for preparing proteins for correct folding in the presence of high Ca2+ concentrations to cope with the high concentrations of extracellular milieu. Particularly, ER Ca2+ is controlled in axodendritic areas for proper neurito- and synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity and remodeling. In this review, we cover the physiologic functions of the neuronal ER and discuss it in context of common neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on pharmacological regulation of ER Ca2+ Furthermore, we postulate that heterogeneity of the ER, its protein folding capacity, and ensuring Ca2+ regulation are crucial factors for the aging and selective vulnerability of neurons in various neurodegenerative diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ regulators are promising therapeutic targets for degenerative diseases for which efficacious drug therapies do not exist. The use of pharmacological probes targeting maintenance and restoration of ER Ca2+ can provide restoration of protein homeostasis (e.g., folding of complex plasma membrane signaling receptors) and slow down the degeneration process of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilmari Parkkinen
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Their
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Muhammad Yasir Asghar
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sreesha Sree
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Zhong Z, He X, Ge J, Zhu J, Yao C, Cai H, Ye XY, Xie T, Bai R. Discovery of small-molecule compounds and natural products against Parkinson's disease: Pathological mechanism and structural modification. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Design and synthesis of 6-amino-quinoxaline-alkynyl as potential aromatase (CYP19A1) inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Suwanhom P, Saetang J, Khongkow P, Nualnoi T, Tipmanee V, Lomlim L. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Studies of New Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Based on Quinoxaline Scaffold. Molecules 2021; 26:4895. [PMID: 34443482 PMCID: PMC8400540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A quinoxaline scaffold exhibits various bioactivities in pharmacotherapeutic interests. In this research, twelve quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. We found all compounds showed potent inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 values of 0.077 to 50.080 µM, along with promising predicted drug-likeness and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation. In addition, potent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 14.91 to 60.95 µM was observed in some compounds. Enzyme kinetic study revealed the most potent compound (6c) as a mixed-type AChE inhibitor. No cytotoxicity from the quinoxaline derivatives was noticed in the human neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY5Y). In silico study suggested the compounds preferred the peripheral anionic site (PAS) to the catalytic anionic site (CAS), which was different from AChE inhibitors (tacrine and galanthamine). We had proposed the molecular design guided for quinoxaline derivatives targeting the PAS site. Therefore, the quinoxaline derivatives could offer the lead for the newly developed candidate as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paptawan Suwanhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Jirakrit Saetang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Pasarat Khongkow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Teerapat Nualnoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Luelak Lomlim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
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10
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Bao H, Lin Z, Jin M, Zhang H, Xu J, Chen B, Li W. Visible-light-induced C H arylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones in H2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Kelly AM, Chen PJ, Klubnick J, Blair DJ, Burke MD. A Mild Method for Making MIDA Boronates. Org Lett 2020; 22:9408-9414. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M. Kelly
- Roger Adams Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S, Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peng-Jui Chen
- Roger Adams Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S, Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jenna Klubnick
- Roger Adams Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S, Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Daniel J. Blair
- Roger Adams Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S, Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Roger Adams Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S, Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 807 South Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61820, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 405 North Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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12
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Sun L, Wei H. Ryanodine Receptors: A Potential Treatment Target in Various Neurodegenerative Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:1613-1624. [PMID: 32833122 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Progressive neuronal demise is a key contributor to the key pathogenic event implicated in many different neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). There are several therapeutic strategies available; however, none of them are particularly effective. Targeted neuroprotective therapy is one such therapy, which seems a compelling option, yet remains challenging due to the internal heterogeneity of the mechanisms underlying various NDDs. An alternative method to treat NDDs is to exploit common modalities involving molecularly distinct subtypes and thus develop specialized drugs with broad-spectrum characteristics. There is mounting evidence which supports for the theory that dysfunctional ryanodine receptors (RyRs) disrupt intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, contributing to NDDs significantly. This review aims to provide direct and indirect evidence on the intersection of NDDs and RyRs malfunction, and to shed light on novel strategies to treat RyRs-mediated disease, modifying pharmacological therapies such as the potential therapeutic role of dantrolene, a RyRs antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 305 John Morgan Building, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Huafeng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 305 John Morgan Building, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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13
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Wang X, Song J, Zhong M, Kang H, Xie H, Che T, Shu B, Peng D, Zhang L, Zhang S. Iridium‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulations of β‐Keto Sulfoxonium Ylides and
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‐Phenylenediamines: Mild and Facile Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Tong Wang
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou PR China
| | - Jia‐Lin Song
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou PR China
| | - Mei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou PR China
| | - Hua‐Jie Kang
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou PR China
| | - Hui Xie
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Tong Che
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Bing Shu
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou PR China
| | - Dongming Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine 410208 Changsha China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Shang‐Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 510006 Guangzhou China
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14
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Abad N, Hajji M, Ramli Y, Belkhiria M, Moftah H. Elmgirhi S, A. Habib M, Guerfel T, T. Mague J, Essassi EM. A newly synthesized nitrogen‐rich derivative of bicyclic quinoxaline—Structural and conceptual DFT reactivity study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Abad
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique, Centre de Recherche des Sciences des médicaments, URAC 21, Pôle de Compétence Pharmacochimie, Av Ibn Battouta, bp 1014, Faculté des SciencesUniversité´ Mohammed V Rabat Morocco
| | - Melek Hajji
- Research Unit: Electrochemistry, Materials and EnvironmentUniversity of Kairouan Kairouan Tunisia
| | - Youssef Ramli
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyMohammed V University Rabat Morocco
| | - Marwa Belkhiria
- Laboratoire de Chimie Hétérocyclique, Produits Naturels et Réactivité: L.C.H.P.N.RFaculté des Sciences de Monastir Monastir Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed A. Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of EducationSirte University Sirte Libya
| | - Taha Guerfel
- Research Unit: Electrochemistry, Materials and EnvironmentUniversity of Kairouan Kairouan Tunisia
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of ChemistryTulane University New Orleans LA USA
| | - El Mokhtar Essassi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique, Centre de Recherche des Sciences des médicaments, URAC 21, Pôle de Compétence Pharmacochimie, Av Ibn Battouta, bp 1014, Faculté des SciencesUniversité´ Mohammed V Rabat Morocco
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15
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Ardashov OV, Pavlova AV, Mahato AK, Sidorova Y, Morozova EA, Korchagina DV, Salnikov GE, Genaev AM, Patrusheva OS, Li-Zhulanov NS, Tolstikova TG, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF. A Novel Small Molecule Supports the Survival of Cultured Dopamine Neurons and May Restore the Dopaminergic Innervation of the Brain in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4337-4349. [PMID: 31464415 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that monoterpenoid (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol 1 alleviates motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease in animal models. In the present study, we designed and synthesized monoepoxides of (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol 1 and evaluated their biological activity in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. We also assessed the ability of these compounds to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). According to these data, we chose epoxide 4, which potently restored the locomotor activity in MPTP-treated mice and efficiently penetrated the BBB, to further explore its potential mechanism of action. Epoxide 4 was found to robustly promote the survival of cultured dopamine neurons, protect dopamine neurons against toxin-induced degeneration, and trigger the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade in cells of neuronal origin. Meanwhile, neither the survival-promoting effect nor MAPK activation was observed in non-neuronal cells treated with epoxide 4. In the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease, compound 4 increased the density of dopamine neuron fibers in the striatum, which can highlight its potential to stimulate striatal reinnervation and thus halt disease progression. Taken together, these data indicate that epoxide 4 can be a promising compound for further development, not only as a symptomatic but also as a neuroprotective and neurorestorative drug for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V. Ardashov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alla V. Pavlova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Arun Kumar Mahato
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFe, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5D, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yulia Sidorova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFe, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5D, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ekaterina A. Morozova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Dina V. Korchagina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Georgi E. Salnikov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M. Genaev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana S. Patrusheva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S. Li-Zhulanov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tat’yana G. Tolstikova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin P. Volcho
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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16
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Pessah IN, Lein PJ, Seegal RF, Sagiv SK. Neurotoxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and related organohalogens. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:363-387. [PMID: 30976975 PMCID: PMC6708608 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-01978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds are pervasive in natural and built environments. Despite restrictions on the production of many of these compounds in most parts of the world through the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), many "legacy" compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are routinely detected in human tissues where they continue to pose significant health risks to highly exposed and susceptible populations. A major concern is developmental neurotoxicity, although impacts on neurodegenerative outcomes have also been noted. Here, we review human studies of prenatal and adult exposures to PCBs and describe the state of knowledge regarding outcomes across domains related to cognition (e.g., IQ, language, memory, learning), attention, behavioral regulation and executive function, and social behavior, including traits related to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We also review current understanding of molecular mechanisms underpinning these associations, with a focus on dopaminergic neurotransmission, thyroid hormone disruption, calcium dyshomeostasis, and oxidative stress. Finally, we briefly consider contemporary sources of organohalogens that may pose human health risks via mechanisms of neurotoxicity common to those ascribed to PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac N Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1089 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1089 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Richard F Seegal
- Professor Emeritus, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Sharon K Sagiv
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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17
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Sidorova YA, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF. Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease: From Proteins to Small Molecules. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:268-287. [PMID: 30182859 PMCID: PMC6425072 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180905094123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, the lifetime risk of developing this disease is 1.5%. Motor diagnostic symptoms of PD are caused by degeneration of nigrostria-tal dopamine neurons. There is no cure for PD and current therapy is limited to supportive care that partially alleviates dis-ease signs and symptoms. As diagnostic symptoms of PD result from progressive degeneration of dopamine neurons, drugs restoring these neurons may significantly improve treatment of PD. Method: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases to discuss the pro-gress achieved in the development of neuroregenerative agents for PD. Papers published before early 2018 were taken into account. Results: Here, we review several groups of potential agents capable of protecting and restoring dopamine neurons in cul-tures or animal models of PD including neurotrophic factors and small molecular weight compounds. Conclusion: Despite the promising results of in vitro and in vivo experiments, none of the found agents have yet shown conclusive neurorestorative properties in PD patients. Meanwhile, a few promising biologicals and small molecules have been identified. Their further clinical development can eventually give rise to disease-modifying drugs for PD. Thus, inten-sive research in the field is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Sidorova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Konstantin P Volcho
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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18
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Jiao YX, Wei LS, Zhao CY, Wei K, Mo DL, Pan CX, Su GF. Isobutyl Nitrite-Mediated Synthesis of Quinoxalines through Double C−H Bond Amination of N
-Aryl Enamines. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xiao Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Su Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Xue Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Fa Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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19
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Vervliet T. Ryanodine Receptors in Autophagy: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:89. [PMID: 29636667 PMCID: PMC5880912 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signaling is important in the regulation of several cellular processes including autophagy. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main and largest intracellular Ca2+ store. At the ER two protein families of Ca2+ release channels, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs), are expressed. Several studies have reported roles in the regulation of autophagy for the ubiquitously expressed IP3R. For instance, IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release supresses basal autophagic flux by promoting mitochondrial metabolism, while also promoting the rapid initial increase in autophagic flux in response to nutrient starvation. Insights into the contribution of RyRs in autophagy have been lagging significantly compared to the advances made for IP3Rs. This is rather surprising considering that RyRs are predominantly expressed in long-lived cells with specialized metabolic needs, such as neurons and muscle cells, in which autophagy plays important roles. In this review article, recent studies revealing roles for RyRs in the regulation of autophagy will be discussed. Several RyR-interacting proteins that have been established to modulate both RyR function and autophagy will also be highlighted. Finally, the involvement of RyRs in neurodegenerative diseases will be addressed. Inhibition of RyR channels has not only been shown to be beneficial for treating several of these diseases but also regulates autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Vervliet
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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20
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El Azab IH, Elkanzi NAA, Gobouri AA. Design and Synthesis of Some New Quinoxaline-Based Heterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Islam H. El Azab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Taif University; Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888 Taif 21974 Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Aswan University; P.O. Box 81528 Aswan Egypt
| | - Nadia A. A. Elkanzi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Aswan University; P.O. Box 81528 Aswan Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Aljouf University; P.O. Box 2014 Aljouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil A. Gobouri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Taif University; Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888 Taif 21974 Saudi Arabia
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21
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Wang J, Cai P, Yang XL, Li F, Wu JJ, Kong LY, Wang XB. Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:68-83. [PMID: 28800459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
By using fragments endowed with interesting and complementary properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a novel series of cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated biologically. In vitro assay indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited a significant ability to inhibit ChEs, strong potency inhibitory of self-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and to act as potential antioxidants and biometal chelators. A Lineweaver-Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that compound 7f targeted both the CAS and PAS of AChE. In addition, compound 7f could chelate metal ions, reduce PC12 cells death induced by oxidative stress and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Overall, all of these outstanding in vitro results in combination with promising in vivo outcomes highlighted derivative 7f as the lead structure worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lian Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Le Douaron G, Ferrié L, Sepulveda-Diaz JE, Séon-Méniel B, Raisman-Vozari R, Michel PP, Figadère B. Identification of a Novel 1,4,8-Triazaphenanthrene Derivative as a Neuroprotectant for Dopamine Neurons Vulnerable in Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1222-1231. [PMID: 28140556 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic degenerative disorder characterized by typical motor symptoms caused by the death of dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain and ensuing shortage of DA in the striatum, at the level of nerve terminals. No curative treatment is presently available for PD in clinical practice. In our search for neuroprotectants in PD, we generated new 1,4,8-triazaphenanthrenes by combining 6-endo-dig-cycloisomerization of propargylquinoxalines and Suzuki or Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions. Neuroprotection assessment of newly synthesized 1,4,8-triazaphenanthrenes in a PD cellular model resulted in the discovery of a new hit compound PPQ (5m). Neuroprotection by 5m was concentration-dependent and the result of a combined effect on intracellular calcium release channels and astroglial cells. Of interest, 5m also counteracted DA cell loss in a mouse model of PD, making this molecule a promising candidate for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Le Douaron
- BioCIS, Université
Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Institut du Cerveau
et de la Moelle, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre
et Marie Curie Paris 06, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Ferrié
- BioCIS, Université
Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Julia E. Sepulveda-Diaz
- Institut du Cerveau
et de la Moelle, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre
et Marie Curie Paris 06, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Blandine Séon-Méniel
- BioCIS, Université
Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rita Raisman-Vozari
- Institut du Cerveau
et de la Moelle, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre
et Marie Curie Paris 06, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Patrick P. Michel
- Institut du Cerveau
et de la Moelle, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre
et Marie Curie Paris 06, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Figadère
- BioCIS, Université
Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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23
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Ndlovu NT, Nxumalo W. Nucleophilic Substitution on 2-Monosubstituted Quinoxalines Giving 2,3-Disubstituted Quinoxalines: Investigating the Effect of the 2-Substituent. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101304. [PMID: 27706058 PMCID: PMC6273420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An investigation on the effect of substituent at the 2-position of mono-substituted quinoxalines in the synthesis of di-substituted quinoxaline derivatives via nucleophilic substitution reactions, is reported. Di-substituted quinoxalines bearing aryl-alky, aryl-aryl, aryl-heteroaryl, aryl-alkynyl, and amino-alkyl substituents were prepared in moderate to good yields. 2-Monosubstituted quinoxalines bearing a phenyl and butyl substituent reacted readily with alkyl-, aryl-, heteroaryl- and alkynyl- nucluephiles, giving di-substituted quinoxalines. 2-Monosubstituted quinoxalines bearing an amine and alkynyl substituent only reacted with alkyl nucleophiles. Oxidative rearomatization to give 2,3-disubstituted quinoxaline products occurred in atmospheric O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndumiso Thamsanqa Ndlovu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Winston Nxumalo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X 1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
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