1
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Mondal S, Ballav T, Tofayel TSM, Ganesh V. Bis-benzofulvenes: Synthesis and Studies on Their Optoelectronic Properties. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37205608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of bis-benzofulvenes and the studies on their optical and redox properties. Bis-benzofulvenes were achieved through the Pd-catalyzed intramolecular Heck coupling followed by Ni0-mediated C(sp2)-Br dimerization. Low optical and electrochemical energy gaps of 2.05 and 1.68 eV were achieved by tuning the substituent on the exomethylene unit and the aromatic ring. The observed trends in the energy gaps were compared, and the frontier molecular orbitals were visualized using the density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Tamal Ballav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | | | - Venkataraman Ganesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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2
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Sprachmann J, Wachsmuth T, Bhosale M, Burmeister D, Smales GJ, Schmidt M, Kochovski Z, Grabicki N, Wessling R, List-Kratochvil EJW, Esser B, Dumele O. Antiaromatic Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Dibenzopentalenes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2840-2851. [PMID: 36701177 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite their inherent instability, 4n π systems have recently received significant attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties. In dibenzopentalene (DBP), benzanellation stabilizes the highly antiaromatic pentalene core, without compromising its amphoteric redox behavior or small HOMO-LUMO energy gap. However, incorporating such molecules in organic devices as discrete small molecules or amorphous polymers can limit the performance (e.g., due to solubility in the battery electrolyte solution or low internal surface area). Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), on the contrary, are highly ordered, porous, and crystalline materials that can provide a platform to align molecules with specific properties in a well-defined, ordered environment. We synthesized the first antiaromatic framework materials and obtained a series of three highly crystalline and porous COFs based on DBP. Potential applications of such antiaromatic bulk materials were explored: COF films show a conductivity of 4 × 10-8 S cm-1 upon doping and exhibit photoconductivity upon irradiation with visible light. Application as positive electrode materials in Li-organic batteries demonstrates a significant enhancement of performance when the antiaromaticity of the DBP unit in the COF is exploited in its redox activity with a discharge capacity of 26 mA h g-1 at a potential of 3.9 V vs. Li/Li+. This work showcases antiaromaticity as a new design principle for functional framework materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Sprachmann
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tommy Wachsmuth
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manik Bhosale
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David Burmeister
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, IRIS Adlershof, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Glen J Smales
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Zdravko Kochovski
- Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Grabicki
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Wessling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emil J W List-Kratochvil
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, IRIS Adlershof, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Oliver Dumele
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt University of Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Abstract
A novel class of stable monoareno-pentalenes is introduced that have an olefinic proton on each five-membered ring of the pentalene subunit. Their synthesis was accomplished via a regioselective carbopalladation cascade reaction between ortho-arylacetyleno gem-dibromoolefins and TIPS-acetylene. These molecules could be experimental probes of magnetic (anti)aromaticity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter
J. Mayer
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2., Budapest, 1117, Hungary,Institute
of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich tér 1., Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gábor London
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2., Budapest, 1117, Hungary,E-mail:
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4
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Testoff TT, Aikawa T, Tsung E, Lesko E, Wang L. DFT studies of aggregation induced energy splitting and excitonic diversification in benzene and anthracene multimers. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Oruganti B, Wang J, Durbeej B. Modulating the Photocyclization Reactivity of Diarylethenes through Changes in the Excited-State Aromaticity of the π-Linker. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11565-11571. [PMID: 35997595 PMCID: PMC9442643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations are performed to explore if the reactivity of diarylethene switches toward photocyclization can be controlled by the excited-state aromaticity of their bridging π-linker. Using an archetypal diarylethene with a non-aromatic π-linker as a reference, completely different outcomes are found when the π-linker is allowed to become either aromatic (no reaction) or antiaromatic (fast reaction) upon photoexcitation. The results demonstrate a possibility to use the excited-state aromaticity concept for actual modulation of photochemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baswanth Oruganti
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Bo Durbeej
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
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6
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Abstract
Ambipolar transistor properties have been observed in various small-molecule materials. Since a small energy gap is necessary, many types of molecular designs including extended π-skeletons as well as the incorporation of donor and acceptor units have been attempted. In addition to the energy levels, an inert passivation layer is important to observe ambipolar transistor properties. Ambipolar transport has been observed in extraordinary π-electron systems such as antiaromatic compounds, biradicals, radicals, metal complexes, and hydrogen-bonded materials. Several donor/acceptor cocrystals show ambipolar transport as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Higashino
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, 152-8552, Japan.
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7
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Horii K, Nogata A, Mizuno Y, Iwasa H, Suzuki M, Nakayama KI, Konishi A, Yasuda M. Synthesis and Characterization of Dinaphtho[2,1-a:2,3-f]pentalene: A Stable Antiaromatic/Quinoidal Hydrocarbon Showing Appropriate Carrier Mobility in the Amorphous Layer. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Horii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Nogata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruna Iwasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Nakayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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8
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Esser B, Wössner JS, Hermann M. Conjugated Nanohoops with Dibenzo[a,e]pentalenes as Non-alternant and Antiaromatic π-Systems. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1740-7139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated nanohoops are excellent candidates to study structure-property relationships, as optoelectronic materials and as hosts for supramolecular chemistry. While carbon nanohoops containing aromatics are well studied, antiaromatic units had not been incorporated until recently by our group using dibenzo[a,e]pentalene (DBP). The non-alternant electronic character of the DBP units significantly influences the optoelectronic properties of such nanohoops. We herein summarize our synthetic strategies to DBP-containing nanohoops, their structural and electronic properties, chirality and host-guest chemistry. We demonstrate how incorporating antiaromatic units leads to unique properties and opens new synthetic avenues, making such nanohoops attractive as potential electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jan S Wössner
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mathias Hermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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9
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Naskar S, Das M. Effects of low-lying excitations in pentalene and its derivatives in singlet fission: a model exact and density matrix renormalisation group study. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1895346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Naskar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
| | - Mousumi Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
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10
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Hermann M, Böttcher T, Schorpp M, Richert S, Wassy D, Krossing I, Esser B. Cations and Anions of Dibenzo[a,e]pentalene and Reduction of a Dibenzo[a,e]pentalenophane. Chemistry 2021; 27:4964-4970. [PMID: 33443300 PMCID: PMC7986162 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dibenzo[a,e]pentalene (DBP) is a non-alternant conjugated hydrocarbon with antiaromatic character and ambipolar electrochemical behavior. Upon both reduction and oxidation, it becomes aromatic. We herein study the chemical oxidation and reduction of a planar DBP derivative and a bent DBP-phane. The molecular structures of its planar dication, cation radical and anion radical in the solid state demonstrate the gained aromaticity through bond length equalization, which is supported by nucleus independent chemical shift-calculations. EPR spectra on the cation radical confirm the spin delocalization over the DBP framework. A similar delocalization was not possible in the reduced bent DBP-phane, which stabilized itself by proton abstraction from a solvent molecule upon reduction. This is the first report on structures of a DBP cation radical and dication in the solid state and of a reduced bent DBP derivative. Our study provides valuable insight into the charged species of DBP for its application as semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hermann
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Tobias Böttcher
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Daniel Wassy
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research CenterUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research CenterUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
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11
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Konishi A, Yasuda M. Synthesis and Characterization of π-Extended Nonalternant Hydrocarbons Containing Azulene, Pentalene, and Heptalene Frameworks. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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12
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Konishi A, Yasuda M. Breathing New Life into Nonalternant Hydrocarbon Chemistry: Syntheses and Properties of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Containing Azulene, Pentalene, and Heptalene Frameworks. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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13
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Konishi A, Yasuda M. Synthesis of π-extended non-alternant hydrocarbons based on azulene (5-7), pentalene (5-5) and heptalene (7-7) skeletons and elucidation of their electronic structures. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apoc.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Usuba J, Hayakawa M, Yamaguchi S, Fukazawa A. Dithieno[
a
,
e
]pentalenes: Highly Antiaromatic Yet Stable π‐Electron Systems without Bulky Substituents. Chemistry 2020; 27:1638-1647. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Usuba
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606–8501 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on, Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606–8501 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on, Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on, Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Aiko Fukazawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606–8501 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
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15
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Dressler JJ, Barker JE, Karas LJ, Hashimoto HE, Kishi R, Zakharov LN, MacMillan SN, Gomez-Garcia CJ, Nakano M, Wu JI, Haley MM. Late-Stage Modification of Electronic Properties of Antiaromatic and Diradicaloid Indeno[1,2-b]fluorene Analogues via Sulfur Oxidation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10846-10857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas J. Karas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | | | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- CAMCOR, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1433, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Carlos J. Gomez-Garcia
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Quantum Information and Quantum Biology Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Judy I. Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-6231, United States
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16
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Konishi A, Satake S, Yasuda M. Catalytic Cycloisomerization of Conjugated Bisbutatrienes into Pentalene Skeletons: Synthesis and Properties of Bisbutatrienes with an Acenaphthene Backbone. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoya Satake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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17
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Naskar S, Das M. The use of low-lying excited states of zethrene and its homologs in singlet fission within Pariser-Parr-Pople model Hamiltonian: A Density Matrix Renormalization Group study. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Mayer PJ, El Bakouri O, Holczbauer T, Samu GF, Janáky C, Ottosson H, London G. Structure-Property Relationships in Unsymmetric Bis(antiaromatics): Who Wins the Battle between Pentalene and Benzocyclobutadiene?†. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5158-5172. [PMID: 32189503 PMCID: PMC7311060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
According
to the currently accepted structure–property relationships,
aceno-pentalenes with an angular shape (fused to the 1,2-bond of the
acene) exhibit higher antiaromaticity than those with a linear shape
(fused to the 2,3-bond of the acene). To explore and expand the current
view, we designed and synthesized molecules where two isomeric, yet,
different, 8π antiaromatic subunits, a benzocyclobutadiene (BCB)
and a pentalene, are combined into, respectively, an angular and a
linear topology via an unsaturated six-membered ring. The antiaromatic
character of the molecules is supported experimentally by 1H NMR, UV–vis, and cyclic voltammetry measurements and X-ray
crystallography. The experimental results are further confirmed by
theoretical studies including the calculation of several aromaticity
indices (NICS, ACID, HOMA, FLU, MCI). In the case of the angular molecule,
double bond-localization within the connecting six-membered ring resulted
in reduced antiaromaticity of both the BCB and pentalene subunits,
while the linear structure provided a competitive situation for the
two unequal [4n]π subunits. We found that in
the latter case the BCB unit alleviated its unfavorable antiaromaticity
more efficiently, leaving the pentalene with strong antiaromaticity.
Thus, a reversed structure–antiaromaticity relationship when
compared to aceno-pentalenes was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter J Mayer
- MTA-TTK "Lendület" Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ouissam El Bakouri
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamás Holczbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely F Samu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Janáky
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gábor London
- MTA-TTK "Lendület" Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Federmann P, Wagner HK, Antoni PW, Mörsdorf JM, Pérez Lustres JL, Wadepohl H, Motzkus M, Ballmann J. P-Protected Diphosphadibenzo[a,e]pentalenes and Their Mono- and Dicationic P-Bridged Ladder Stilbenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2033-2038. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Federmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah K. Wagner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick W. Antoni
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jean-Marc Mörsdorf
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José Luis Pérez Lustres
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Motzkus
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Synthesis and properties of π-extended fluoranthene derivatives from 1,2-diarylacenaphthylene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Biemolt
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam; Institute for Molecules; Medicines & Systems; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam; Institute for Molecules; Medicines & Systems; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
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22
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Nishinaga T, Shiroma S, Hasegawa M. Antiaromaticity of Planar Bisdehydro[12]- and Tetrakisdehydro[16]annulenes Fused with Dithieno[3,4-b:3′,4′-d]thiophenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:3426-3429. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Nishinaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shun Shiroma
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masashi Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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23
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Grenz DC, Schmidt M, Kratzert D, Esser B. Dibenzo[a,e]pentalenes with Low-Lying LUMO Energy Levels as Potential n-Type Materials. J Org Chem 2018; 83:656-663. [PMID: 29231725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ambipolar organic semiconductors are of high interest for organic field-effect transistors. For n-type conduction, low LUMO energies are required. Dibenzo[a,e]pentalenes (DBPs) are promising compounds; however, few derivatives exist with energetically low-lying LUMO levels. Here, we present DBP derivatives with LUMO energies down to -3.73 eV and small bandgaps down to 1.63 eV determined through cyclic voltammetry, UV/vis absorption spectroscopy, and TDDFT calculations. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a 1D π-stacking mode. The addition of arylalkynyl substituents at the five-membered rings in a facile and versatile synthetic route allowed for tuning of the band gaps and LUMO energies. The synthetic route can easily be modified to access a variety of DBP derivatives. The LUMO energies of the DBP derivatives presented herein make them attractive for an application in n-type or ambipolar field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Grenz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmidt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and ‡Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Freiburg , Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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24
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Shi X, Roisnel T, Soulé JF, Doucet H. Synthesis of mono- and di-arylated acenaphthylenes and programmed access to dibenzo[j,l]fluoranthenes via palladium-catalysed C–H bond functionalisation. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00799j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Access to symmetrical and non-symmetrical C1,C2-diarylated acenaphthylenes and to dibenzo[j,l]fluoranthenes using programmed Pd-catalysed C–H bond functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Shi
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Jean-François Soulé
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Henri Doucet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
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25
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Shakoor SMA, Agarwal DS, Khullar S, Mandal SK, Sakhuja R. Solvent-Driven Iodine-Mediated Oxidative Strategies for the Synthesis of Bis(imidazo[1,2-a
]pyridin-3-yl)sulfanes and Disulfanes. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:3061-3068. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Abdul Shakoor
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology & Science; Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Devesh S. Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology & Science; Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Sadhika Khullar
- Department of Chemistry; D.A.V. University, Jalandhar-; Pathankot National Highway Jalandhar- 144012 Punjab India
| | - Sanjay K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manuali P.O. Punjab 140306 India
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology & Science; Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
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26
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Chaolumen, Murata M, Wakamiya A, Murata Y. Unsymmetric Twofold Scholl Cyclization of a 5,11-Dinaphthyltetracene: Selective Formation of Pentagonal and Hexagonal Rings via Dicationic Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaolumen
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Michihisa Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
- PRESTO; Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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27
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Chaolumen, Murata M, Wakamiya A, Murata Y. Unsymmetric Twofold Scholl Cyclization of a 5,11-Dinaphthyltetracene: Selective Formation of Pentagonal and Hexagonal Rings via Dicationic Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5082-5086. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaolumen
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Michihisa Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
- PRESTO; Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto Univeristy, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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28
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Chaolumen, Murata M, Wakamiya A, Murata Y. Dithieno-Fused Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon with a Pyracylene Moiety: Strong Antiaromatic Contribution to the Electronic Structure. Org Lett 2017; 19:826-829. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaolumen
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Michihisa Murata
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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29
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Yoshida T, Sakamaki D, Seki S, Shinokubo H. Enhancing the low-energy absorption band and charge mobility of antiaromatic NiII norcorroles by their substituent effects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1112-1115. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissymmetrical substitution of norcorrole enables the preparation of various norcorrole derivatives as air- and moisture-stable species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakamaki
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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