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Reis-Havlat M, Leme-Kraus AA, Alania Y, Zhou B, Tang Y, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Prodelphinidins enhance dentin matrix properties and promote adhesion to methacrylate resin. Dent Mater 2024; 40:1164-1170. [PMID: 38871526 PMCID: PMC11260231 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the bioactivity and stability of Rhodiola rosea (RR) fractions as a natural source of prodelphinidin gallate (PDg) on dentin collagen via analysis of the viscoelastic and resin-dentin adhesive properties of the dentin matrix. METHODS The biomimicry and stability of RR subfractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) with collagen were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). DMA used a strain sweep method to assess the dentin matrix viscoelastic properties [storage (E'), loss (E"), and complex (E*) moduli and tan δ] after treatment, 7-, 30- and 90-days of storage in simulated body fluids (SBF). Resin-dentin interface properties were assessed after 1 and 90-days in SBF by microtensile bond strength test and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data were analyzed using two and one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS RR fractions increased dentin matrix complex (96 - 69 MPa) and storage (95 - 68 MPa) moduli, compared to the control (∼9 MPa) in the ranking order: F2 ≥ F3 = F1 = F4 > control (p < 0.001). Treatment did not affect tan δ values. After 30- and 90-days, RR-treated dentin E*, E' and tan δ decreased (p < 0.001). F2 fraction yielded the highest microtensile bond strength (43.9 MPa), compared to F1, F4 (35.9 - 31.7 MPa), and control (29 MPa). RR-treated interfaces mediated stable surface modifications and enhanced collagen-methacrylate resin interactions at the bioadhesive interface. SIGNIFICANCE Prodelphinidin gallates from RR are potent and reasonably stable biomimetic agents to dentin. Higher potency of F2 fraction with the dentin matrix and the adhesive interface is associated with a degree of polymerization of 2-3 and gallo(yl) motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa Chicago, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Yu Tang
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Jing SX, McDermott CM, Flanders PL, Reis-Havlat M, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, McAlpine JB, Ambrose EA, Pauli GF. Chemical Transformation of B- to A-type Proanthocyanidins and 3D Structural Implications. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1416-1425. [PMID: 38687902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In nature, proanthocyanidins (PACs) with A-type linkages are relatively rare, likely due to biosynthetic constraints in the formation of additional ether bonds to be introduced into the more common B-type precursors. However, A-type linkages confer greater structural rigidity on PACs than do B-type linkages. Prior investigations into the structure-activity relationships (SAR) describing how plant-derived PACs with B- and complex AB-type linkages affect their capacity for dentin biomodification indicate that a higher ratio of double linkages leads to a greater interaction with dentin type I collagen. Thus, A-type PACs emerge as particularly intriguing candidates for interventional functional biomaterials. This study employed a free-radical-mediated oxidation using DPPH to transform trimeric and tetrameric B-type PACs, 2 and 4, respectively, into their exclusively A-type linked analogues, 3 and 5, respectively. The structures and absolute configurations of the semisynthetic products, including the new all-A-type tetramer 5, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, molecular modeling investigated the conformational characteristics of all trimers and tetramers, 1-5. Our findings suggest that the specific interflavan linkages significantly impact the flexibility and low-energy conformations of the connected monomeric units, which conversely can affect the bioactive conformations relevant for dentin biomodification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor M McDermott
- Department of Chemistry, Grandview University, Des Moines, Iowa 50316, United States
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3
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Reis-Havlat M, Alania Y, Zhou B, Jing SX, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Modulatory role of terminal monomeric flavan-3-ol units in the viscoelasticity of dentin. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35333. [PMID: 37792302 PMCID: PMC10842555 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavan-3-ol monomers are the building blocks of proanthocyanidins (PACs), natural compounds from plants shown to mediate specific biologic activities on dentin. While the stereochemistry of the terminal flavan-3-ols, catechin (C) versus epicatechin (EC), impacts the biomechanical properties of the dentin matrix treated with oligomeric PACs, structure-activity relationships driving this bioactivity remain elusive. To gain insights into the modulatory role of the terminal monomers, two highly congruent trimeric PACs from Pinus massoniana only differing in the stereochemistry of the terminal unit (Trimer-C vs. Trimer-EC) were prepared to evaluate their chemical characteristics as well as their effects on the viscoelasticity and biostability of biomodified dentin matrices via infrared spectroscopy and multi-scale dynamic mechanical analyses. The subtle alteration of C versus EC as terminal monomers lead to distinct immediate PAC-trimer biomodulation of the dentin matrix. Nano- and micro-dynamic mechanical analyses revealed that Trimer-EC increased the complex moduli (0.51 GPa) of dentin matrix more strongly than Trimer-C (0.26 GPa) at the nanoscale length (p < 0.001), whereas the reverse was found at the microscale length (p < .001). The damping capacity (tan δ) of dentin matrix decreased by 70% after PAC treatment at the nano-length scale, while increased values were found at the micro-length scale (~0.24) compared to the control (0.18 ; p < .001). An increase in amide band intensities and a decrease of complex moduli was observed after storage in simulated body fluid for both Trimer-C and Trimer-EC modified dentin. The stereochemical configuration of the terminal monomeric units, C and EC, did not impact the chemo-mechanical stability of dentin matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
| | - Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Gong SQ, Tang L, Liu Z, Wang XY, Mao J, Li S, Liu Y. NDGA enhances the physicochemical and anti-biodegradation performance of dentin collagen. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3525-3539. [PMID: 36437605 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Collagen fibrils from carious dentin matrix are prone to enzymatic degradation. This study investigates the feasibility and mechanism of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), as a collagen crosslinker, to bio-modify the demineralized dentin matrix. METHODS The physicochemical properties of the crosslinked dentin matrix were characterized by swelling ratio, ninhydrin assay, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The collagenase degradation resistance was evaluated by measuring loss of dry mass, hydroproline release, loss of elasticity, and micro-nano structure integrity. The cytotoxicity of NDGA-crosslinked dentin collagen was evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS NDGA crosslinked dentin matrix without destroying the integrity of collagen. Mechanistically, NDGA formed bisquinone bond between two adjacent o-quinone groups, resulting in NDGA polymeric matrix in which collagen fibrils were embedded. NDGA modification could significantly enhance the stiffness of dentin matrix at macro-nano scale. The NDGA-crosslinked dentin matrix exhibited remarkably low collagen degradation and sustained bulk elasticity after collagenase challenge, which were attributed to decreased water content, physical masking of collagenase bind sites on collagen, and improved stiffness of collagen fibrils. Notably, NDGA-crosslinked dentin matrix exhibited excellent biocompatibility. CONCLUSION NDGA, as a biocompatible collagen crosslinker, improves the mechanical properties and biodegradation resistance of demineralized dentin matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Gong
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration & Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Prothodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration & Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang-Yao Wang
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration & Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration & Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
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Ryu B, Park EJ, Doan TP, Cho HM, Ponce-Zea JE, Mai VH, Oveissi V, Oh WK. Linderanidins A-F: Rare oligomeric flavonoids with an unusual C-3-C-4 linkage from the roots of Lindera erythrocarpa and their inhibitory activities on autophagy. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 215:113836. [PMID: 37619899 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a crucial process for maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading and recycling unnecessary or damaged cellular components. In the process of exploring autophagy regulators in plants, unique nine oligomeric flavonoids linked by the bonding of C-3 and C-4, consisting of three pairs of biflavonoids, linderanidins A-C [(+)-1/(-)-1, (+)-2/(-)-2, and (+)-3/(-)-3], and three trimeric A-type proanthocyanidins, linderanidins D-F (4-6), were isolated from the roots of Lindera erythrocarpa. The structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were determined using various techniques, such as 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography, and electronic circular dichroism. All isolates were evaluated for their ability to regulate autophagy, and compounds (±)-1-(±)-3, (-)-1-(-)-3, (+)-1-(+)-3 and 4 were found to inhibit autophagy by blocking the fusion process between autophagosome and lysosome in HEK293 cells. This study suggests that unique oligomeric flavonoids possessing a C-3-C-4 linkage derived from the roots of L. erythrocarpa are potent autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeol Ryu
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi-Phuong Doan
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Moon Cho
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jorge-Eduardo Ponce-Zea
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Hieu Mai
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Vahideh Oveissi
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Jing SX, Ferreira D, Pandey P, Klein LL, Chittiboyina AG, McAlpine JB, Lankin DC, Alania Y, Reis-Havlat M, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Unprecedented Benzoquinone Motifs Reveal Post-Oligomerizational Modification of Proanthocyanidins. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13490-13503. [PMID: 37748101 PMCID: PMC10921432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are complex flavan-3-ol polymers with stunning chemical complexity due to oxygenation patterns, oxidative phenolic ring linkages, and intricate stereochemistry of their heterocycles and inter-flavan linkages. Being promising candidates for dental restorative biomaterials, trace analysis of dentin bioactive cinnamon PACs now yielded novel trimeric (1 and 2) and tetrameric (3) PACs with unprecedented o- and p-benzoquinone motifs (benzoquinonoid PACs). Challenges in structural characterization, especially their absolute configuration, prompted the development of a new synthetic-analytical approach involving comprehensive spectroscopy, including NMR with quantum mechanics-driven 1H iterative functionalized spin analysis (HifSA) plus experimental and computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Vital stereochemical information was garnered from synthesizing 4-(2,5-benzoquinone)flavan-3-ols and a truncated analogue of trimer 2 as ECD models. Discovery of the first natural benzoquinonoid PACs provides new evidence to the experimentally elusive PAC biosynthesis as their formation requires two oxidative post-oligomerizational modifications (POMs) that are distinct and occur downstream from both quinone-methide-driven oligomerization and A-type linkage formation. While Nature is known to achieve structural diversity of many major compound classes by POMs, this is the first indication of PACs also following this common theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Pankaj Pandey
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Larry L. Klein
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amar Gopal Chittiboyina
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David C. Lankin
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis M, Jing SX, McAlpine JB, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Ferreira D, Pauli GF. Seco B-Type Oligomers from Pinus massoniana Expand the Procyanidin Chemical Space and Exhibit Dental Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2753-2768. [PMID: 36382951 PMCID: PMC9789173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of a pine bark extract for bioactive proanthocyanidin oligomers resulted in the isolation of structurally related dimeric seco B-type procyanidin derivatives, 1-5. This includes scalemic mixtures of gambiriin A1 (1a) and A2 (2a) and their newly described optical antipodes, ent-gambiriin A1 (1b) and ent-gambiriin A2 (2b), respectively, as well as a racemic mixture of the newly described (ent-)gambiriin A5 (3a/3b). Furthermore, the study now fully characterizes the previously reported optically pure dimers gambiriin B1 (4) and gambirflavan D1 (5), and characterized the novel seco B-type procyanidin trimer, 6 (gambirifuran C1). Thermal conversion of catechin in aqueous solution provided further evidence for the structures of 1-6 and led to the purification of semisynthetic 1a and 2a as well as additional dimers 7-10. Elucidating the structures of the natural dimers, 1-5, from comprehensive NMR and ECD data and synthetic evidence provided crucial reference points for establishing the structure of the seco B-type procyanidin trimer, 6. Serving as assigned building blocks, data from the dimers supported the 3D structural assignment of 6 based on NMR substituent chemical shift differences (s.c.s., syn. ΔδC) and component-based empirical ECD calculations. Within the newly characterized series of PAC-related molecules, 5 exhibited high dentin biomodification potential. In addition, considering the nomenclature issues and plausible biosynthetic pathways of this group of compounds led to a consolidated nomenclature of all currently known seco B-type procyanidins. These findings, thereby, expand the chemical space of bioactive catechin oligomers, which have promise as agents for the natural enhancement of dental biomaterials. Finally, the current knowledge of the chemical space of seco B-type procyanidin derivatives was compiled to the level of absolute configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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8
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Zhao L, Yan F, Lu Q, Tang C, Wang X, Liu R. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and NMR identification of structurally different A-type procyanidins from peanut skin and their inhibitory effect on acrylamide. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7062-7071. [PMID: 35690888 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavan-3-ol polyphenols have been shown to have great advantages in inhibiting acrylamide formation. However, flavan-3-ol polyphenols have structures that vary significantly, and existing research has been focused mainly on the effects of B-type procyanidins and structural units of procyanidins. This study aims to separate structurally different A-type procyanidins from peanut skin and compare their inhibitory effects on acrylamide in an asparagine-glucose simulation system. RESULTS Five compounds were separated and identified from peanut skin, including epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-ent-epicatechin, epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-epicatechin, epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-epicatechin-(4β → 6)-catechin, epicatechin-(2β → O → 7, 4β → 8)-epicatechin-(4β → 8)-catechin, and epicatechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-catechin. All the procyanidins could reduce the acrylamide content within a certain range of concentrations. The highest inhibition rates followed the order of compound 5 (A-type trimer) > compound 1 (A-type dimer) > compound 2 (A-type dimer) > compound 3 (A-type trimer) > compound 4 (A-type trimer). Comparison analysis showed that structurally different A-type procyanidins have various inhibitory effects on acrylamide production, which may be related to their spatial configuration and bond connection mode. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings help us to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the structure of procyanidins and their inhibitory effects on acrylamide, particularly the inhibitory effect of A-type. There are potential practical implications if people use A-type procyanidins as acrylamide inhibitors in hot processed foods in the future. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Engineering Research Center of Bee Products on Quality and Safety Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuie Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Engineering Research Center of Bee Products on Quality and Safety Control, Wuhan, China
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Liu Y, Song H, Xu J, Bi G, Meng D. Anti-inflammatory abietanes diterpenes and triterpenoids isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105244. [PMID: 35728706 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed diterpenes (1 and 2), as well as one curious triterpenoid were isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum, a medicinal plant distributed in southwestern and eastern China. Their structures were elucidated using MS analyses, UV spectrum, and extensive 2D-homo and heteronuclear NMR data interpretations. Among them, 1 had an unusual skeletal characteristic produced by a rare methyl migration pathway. All monomer compounds exhibited inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells without affecting cell viabilities, which were comparable to that of positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Huijie Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jixuan Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Guangming Bi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Dali Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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Structural Elucidation of an Atropisomeric Entcassiflavan-(4β→8)-Epicatechin Isolated from Dalbergia monetaria L.f. Based on NMR and ECD Calculations in Comparison to Experimental Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082512. [PMID: 35458711 PMCID: PMC9028727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A rare dihydoxyflavan-epicatechin proanthocyanidin, entcassiflavan-(4β→8)-epicatechin, was isolated from Dalbergia monetaria, a plant widely used by traditional people from the Amazon to treat urinary tract infections. The constitution and relative configuration of the compound were elucidated by HR-MS and detailed 1D- and 2D-NMR measurements. By comparing the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum with the calculated ECD spectra of all 16 possible isomers, the absolute configuration, the interflavan linkage, and the atropisomers could be determined.
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Jing SX, Alania Y, Reis M, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Proanthocyanidin Tetramers and Pentamers from Cinnamomum verum Bark and Their Dentin Biomodification Bioactivities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:391-404. [PMID: 35107279 PMCID: PMC8881394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To enable the further exploration of structure-activity relationships (SARs) of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with dentin biomodification abilities, Cinnamomum verum was selected for scaled-up purification of mixed A-/B-type, medium-size PAC oligomers. Sequential purification by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), Sephadex LH-20, and semiprep HPLC chromatography yielded four underivatized tetrameric (5-8) and two pentameric (9-10) PACs. Their unambiguous structural characterization involved extensive spectral and chemical degradation approaches to show that epicatechin units are connected by plant-specific combinations of doubly linked A- and singly linked B-type interflavanyl bonds. The biomechanical properties (via dynamic mechanical analysis) and physicochemical structure (via infrared spectroscopy) were assessed to evaluate the biomodification potency of PAC-treated collagen in a preclinical dentin model. This study revealed that (4→8) versus (4→6) bonds in PAC interflavan linkages have limited influence on biomechanical outcomes of dentin. By exhibiting a 25-fold increase in the complex modulus of treated dentin compared to control, aesculitannin E (5) was found to be the most potent PAC known to date for enhancing the mechanical properties of dentin in this preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Seigler DS, Friesen JB, Bisson J, Graham JG, Bedran-Russo A, McAlpine JB, Pauli GF. Do Certain Flavonoid IMPS Have a Vital Function? Front Nutr 2021; 8:762753. [PMID: 34926546 PMCID: PMC8672243 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.762753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a vast group of metabolites that are essential for vascular plant physiology and, thus, occur ubiquitously in plant-based/-derived foods. The solitary designation of thousands of known flavonoids hides the fact that their metabolomes are structurally highly diverse, consist of disparate subgroups, yet undergo a certain degree of metabolic interconversion. Unsurprisingly, flavonoids have been an important theme in nutrition research. Already in the 1930s, it was discovered that the ability of synthetic Vitamin C to treat scurvy was inferior to that of plant extracts containing Vitamin C. Subsequent experimental evidence led to the proposal of Vitamin P (permeability) as an essential phytochemical nutrient. However, attempts to isolate and characterize Vitamin P gave confusing and sometimes irreproducible results, which today can be interpreted as rooted in the unrecognized (residual) complexity of the intervention materials. Over the years, primarily flavonoids (and some coumarins) were known as having Vitamin P-like activity. More recently, in a NAPRALERT meta-analysis, essentially all of these Vitamin P candidates were identified as IMPs (Invalid/Improbable/Interfering Metabolic Panaceas). While the historic inability to define a single compound and specific mode of action led to general skepticism about the Vitamin P proposition for "bioflavonoids," the more logical conclusion is that several abundant and metabolically labile plant constituents fill this essential role in human nutrition at the interface of vitamins, cofactors, and micronutrients. Reviewing 100+ years of the multilingual Vitamin P and C literature provides the rationales for this conclusion and new perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Seigler
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - J. Brent Friesen
- Center for Natural Products Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Physical Sciences Department, Dominican University, River Forest, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan Bisson
- Center for Natural Products Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James G. Graham
- Center for Natural Products Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ana Bedran-Russo
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Center for Natural Products Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Center for Natural Products Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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13
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Reis M, Zhou B, Alania Y, Leme-Kraus AA, Jing S, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Unveiling structure-activity relationships of proanthocyanidins with dentin collagen. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1633-1644. [PMID: 34563363 PMCID: PMC8791559 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with type I collagen using sixteen chemically defined PACs with degree of polymerization (DP) 2-6. METHODS Under a dentin model, the biomimicry of PACs with type I collagen was investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and infrared spectroscopy. The dentin matrix was modified with PACs from Pinus massoniana [monomers (Mon-1 and Mon-2), dimers (Dim-1-Dim-4), trimers (Tri-1-Tri-4), tetramers (Tet-1-Tet-5), and hexamer (Hex-1)]. A strain sweep method in a 3-point bending submersion clamp was used to assess the viscoelastic properties [storage (E'), loss (E"), and complex moduli (E*) and tan δ] of the dentin matrix before and after biomodification. Biochemical analysis of the dentin matrix was assessed with FTIR spectroscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS DP had a significant effect on modified dentin moduli (tetramers ≈ trimers > hexamers ≈ dimers > monomers ≈ control, p < 0.001). Trimers and tetramers yielded 6- to 8-fold increase in the mechanical properties of modified dentin and induced conformational changes to the secondary structure of collagen. Modifications to the tertiary structure of collagen was shown in all PAC modified-dentin matrices. SIGNIFICANCE Findings establish three key SARs: (i) increasing DP generally enhances biomimicry potential of PACs in modulating the mechanical and chemical properties of dentin (ii) the secondary structure of dentin collagen is affected by the position of B-type inter-flavanyl linkages (4β → 6 and 4β → 8); and (iii) the terminal monomeric flavan-3-ol unit plays a modulatory role in the viscoelasticity of dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shuxi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States.
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14
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Wang R, Dang M, Zhu W, Li C. Galloyl Group in B-type Proanthocyanidin Dimers Was Responsible for Its Differential Inhibitory Activity on 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes due to the Strong Lipid Raft-Perturbing Potency. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5216-5225. [PMID: 33891410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of three B-type proanthocyanidin (PA) dimers covering procyanidin B2 (B-0g), procyanidin B2 3'-O-gallate (B-1g), and procyanidin B2 3,3'-di-O-gallate (B-2g) on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that digalloylated B-type PA dimers (B-2g) strongly inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation through disrupting the integrity of the lipid raft structure and inhibiting the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and then downregulating the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) factors, followed by B-1g, while B-0g had little effect. The different inhibitory effects were mainly due to the difference in the B-type PA dimer structure and the ability to interfere with lipid rafts. The greater the galloylation degree of B-type PA dimers, the stronger the ability to disrupt the lipid raft structure and oppose 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. In addition, galloylated B-type PA dimers had greater molecular hydrophobicity and topological polarity surface area and could penetrate into the lipid rafts to form multiple hydrogen bonds with the rafts by molecular dynamics simulation. These findings highlighted that the strong lipid raft-perturbing potency of galloylated B-type PA dimers was responsible for inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Meizhu Dang
- School of Energy and Intelligence Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhanz 430070, China
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15
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Bhavaraju S, Taylor D, Niemitz M, Lankin DC, Bzhelyansky A, Giancaspro GI, Liu Y, Pauli GF. NMR-Based Quantum Mechanical Analysis Builds Trust and Orthogonality in Structural Analysis: The Case of a Bisdesmosidic Triglycoside as Withania somnifera Aerial Parts Marker. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:836-845. [PMID: 33625215 PMCID: PMC8049857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the relationship between conventional and quantum mechanical (QM) NMR spectroscopic analyses, shown here to assist in building a convincingly orthogonal platform for the solution and documentation of demanding structures. Kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-glucoside, a bisdesmosidic flavonol triglycoside and botanical marker for the aerial parts of Withania somnifera, served as an exemplary case. As demonstrated, QM-based 1H iterative full spin analysis (HiFSA) advances the understanding of both individual nuclear resonance spin patterns and the entire 1H NMR spectrum of a molecule and establishes structurally determinant, numerical HiFSA profiles. The combination of HiFSA with regular 1D 1H NMR spectra allows for simplified yet specific identification tests via comparison of high-quality experimental with QM-calculated spectra. HiFSA accounts for all features encountered in 1H NMR spectra: nonlinear high-order effects, complex multiplets, and their usually overlapped signals. As HiFSA replicates spectrum patterns from field-independent parameters with high accuracy, this methodology can be ported to low-field NMR instruments (40-100 MHz). With its reliance on experimental NMR evidence, the QM approach builds up confidence in structural characterization and potentially reduces identity analyses to simple 1D 1H NMR experiments. This approach may lead to efficient implementation of conclusive identification tests in pharmacopeial and regulatory analyses: from simple organics to complex natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitaram Bhavaraju
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - David Taylor
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | | | - David C Lankin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Anton Bzhelyansky
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Gabriel I Giancaspro
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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16
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Nam JW, Phansalkar RS, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Leme-Kraus AA, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Targeting Trimeric and Tetrameric Proanthocyanidins of Cinnamomum verum Bark as Bioactives for Dental Therapies. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3287-3297. [PMID: 33151073 PMCID: PMC8041212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study elucidated the structures of three A-type tri- and tetrameric proanthocyanidins (PACs) isolated from Cinnamomum verum bark to the level of absolute configuration and determined their dental bioactivity using two therapeutically relevant bioassays. After selecting a PAC oligomer fraction via a biologically diverse bioassay-guided process, in tandem with centrifugal partition chromatography, phytochemical studies led to the isolation of PAC oligomers that represent the main bioactive principles of C. verum: two A-type tetrameric PACs, epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-catechin (1) and parameritannin A1 (2), together with a trimer, cinnamtannin B1 (3). Structure determination of the underivatized proanthocyanidins utilized a combination of HRESIMS, ECD, 1D/2D NMR, and 1H iterative full spin analysis data and led to NMR-based evidence for the deduction of absolute configuration in constituent catechin and epicatechin monomeric units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Rasika S. Phansalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - David C. Lankin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A. Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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17
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Jing S, Zeller WE, Ferreira D, Zhou B, Nam JW, Bedran-Russo A, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Proanthocyanidin Block Arrays (PACBAR) for Comprehensive Capture and Delineation of Proanthocyanidin Structures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13541-13549. [PMID: 33175506 PMCID: PMC8010997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are near-ubiquitous and chemically complex metabolites, prototypical of higher plants. Their roles in food/feed/nutrition and ethnomedicine are widely recognized but poorly understood. With the analysis of evidence that underlies this challenge, this perspective identifies shortcomings in capturing and delineating PAC structures as key factors. While several groups have forwarded new representations, a consensus method that captures PAC structures concisely and offers high integrity for electronic storage is required to reduce confusion in this expansive field. The PAC block arrays (PACBAR) system fills this gap by providing precise and human- and machine-readable structural descriptors that capture PAC metabolomic structural diversity. PACBAR enables communication of PAC structures for the development of precise structure-activity relationships and will assist in advancing PAC research to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Wayne E Zeller
- United States Dairy Forage Research Center, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ana Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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18
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis MC, McAlpine JB, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF, Chen SN. Rare A-Type, Spiro-Type, and Highly Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins from Pinus massoniana. Org Lett 2020; 22:5304-5308. [PMID: 32639751 PMCID: PMC7521950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the dental bioactive proanthocyanidin (PAC) oligomer fractions led to three structurally distinct new PACs (1-3) from pine bark. Pinutwindoublin (1) is the first reported trimer with double A-type interflavanyl linkages (2α→O→5,4α→6 and 2α→O→7,4α→8). Pinuspirotetrin (2) represents the first reported PAC tetramer with a heterodimeric framework consisting of one spiro-type and one A-type dimer. Pinumassohexin (3) was elucidated as a mixed A + B-type hexamer that consists of a peanut-derived tetramer, peanut procyanidin E, and an A-type dimer (5). Compound 3 increased the modulus of elasticity of dentin by an impressive 4.3 times at a concentration of 0.65%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Mariana C Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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19
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis M, Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Tri- and Tetrameric Proanthocyanidins with Dentin Bioactivities from Pinus massoniana. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8462-8479. [PMID: 32551610 PMCID: PMC7384766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Guided by dentin biomechanical bioactivity, this phytochemical study led to the elucidation of an extended set of structurally demanding proanthocyanidins (PACs). Unambiguous structure determination involved detailed spectroscopic and chemical characterization of four A-type dimers (2 and 4-6), seven trimers (10-16), and six tetramers (17-22). New outcomes confirm the feasibility of determining the absolute configuration of the catechol monomers in oligomeric PACs by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR. Electronic circular dichroism as well as phloroglucinolysis followed by mass spectrometry and chiral phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis generated the necessary chiral reference data. In the context of previously reported dentin-bioactive PACs, accurately and precisely assigned 13C NMR resonances enabled absolute stereochemical assignments of PAC monomers via (i) inclusion of the 13C NMR γ-gauche effect and (ii) determination of differential 13C chemical shift values (ΔδC) in comparison with those of the terminal monomer (unit II) in the dimers 2 and 4-6. Among the 13 fully elucidated PACs, eight were identified as new, and one structure (11) was revised based on new knowledge gained regarding the subtle, stereospecific spectroscopic properties of PACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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20
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de Souza LC, Rodrigues NS, Cunha DA, Feitosa VP, Santiago SL, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Perdigão J, Saboia VDPA. Two-year clinical evaluation of a proanthocyanidins-based primer in non-carious cervical lesions: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2020; 96:103325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Casanova LM, Rodrigues LM, de Aguiar PF, Tinoco LW. An NMR-Based Chemometric Strategy to Identify Leishmania donovani Nucleoside Hydrolase Inhibitors from the Brazilian Tree Ormosia arborea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:243-254. [PMID: 31985226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside hydrolases are a strategic target for the development of drugs to treat leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects 700 thousand to one million people annually. The present study aimed to identify Leishmania donovani nucleoside hydrolase (LdNH) inhibitors from the leaves of Ormosia arborea, a tree endemic to Brazilian ecosystems, through a strategy based on 1H NMR analyses and chemometrics. The aqueous EtOH extract of O. arborea leaves inhibited LdNH activity by 95%. The extract was fractionated in triplicate (13 in each step, making a total of 39 fractions). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to correlate the 1H NMR spectra of the fractions with their LdNH inhibitory activity and thus to identify the spectral regions associated with the bioactivity. The strategy aimed at isolating the probable bioactive substances and led to two new A-type proanthocyanidins, linked to a p-coumaroyl unit (1 and 2), which appeared as noncompetitive inhibitors of LdNH (IC50: 28.2 ± 3.0 μM and 25.6 ± 4.1 μM, respectively). This study confirms the usefulness of the NMR-based chemometric methods to accelerate the discovery of drugs from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luanna Monteiro Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Ciências Matemáticas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luzineide Wanderley Tinoco
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
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22
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Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, Leme AA, Gan LS, Zhou B, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Proanthocyanidin Dimers and Trimers from Vitis vinifera Provide Diverse Structural Motifs for the Evaluation of Dentin Biomodification. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2387-2399. [PMID: 31433178 PMCID: PMC6899061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aimed at exploring the dentin biomodification potential of proanthocyanidins (PACs) for the development of dental biomaterials, this study reports the phytochemical and dental evaluation of nine B-type PACs from grape seed extract (GSE). Out of seven isolated dimers (1-7), four new compounds (2, 3, 5, and 6) involved relatively rare ent-catechin or ent-epicatechin monomeric flavan-3-ol units. Low-temperature NMR analyses conducted along with phloroglucinolysis and electronic circular dichroism enabled unequivocal structural characterization and stereochemical assignment. Additionally, one known (8) and one new (9) B-type trimer were characterized. Differential 13C NMR chemical shifts (Δδ) were used to determine the absolute configuration of 9, relative to the dimers 1 and 2 as the possible constituent subunits. Compared to the dimers, the trimers showed superior dentin biomodification properties. The dimers, 1-7, exhibited pronounced differences in their collagenase inhibitory activity, while enhancing dentin stiffness comparably. This suggests that PAC structural features such as the degree of polymerization, relative and absolute configuration have a differential influence on enhancement of dentin biomechanical and biostability. As mechanical enhancement to dentin and resistance to proteolytic biodegradation are both essential properties functional and stable dentin substrate, the structurally closely related PACs suggest a new metric, the dentin biomodification potential (DBMP) that may rationalize both properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika S. Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Ariene A. Leme
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31005, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Corresponding Author: Tel: +1 (312) 355-1949. Fax: +1 (312) 355-2693.
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23
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Govindaraghavan S. Adulteration of commercial grape seed extracts and other proanthocyanidins (PACs)-rich herbal extracts: Multi-compound HPLC profile patterns provide key to detection. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:389-403. [PMID: 30898730 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Choules MP, Bisson J, Gao W, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Niemitz M, Jaki BU, Franzblau SG, Pauli GF. Quality Control of Therapeutic Peptides by 1H NMR HiFSA Sequencing. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3055-3073. [PMID: 30793905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring identity, purity, and reproducibility are equally essential during synthetic chemistry, drug discovery, and for pharmaceutical product safety. Many peptidic APIs are large molecules that require considerable effort for integrity assurance. This study builds on quantum mechanical 1H iterative Full Spin Analysis (HiFSA) to establish NMR peptide sequencing methodology that overcomes the intrinsic limitations of principal compendial methods in identifying small structural changes or minor impurities that affect effectiveness and safety. HiFSA sequencing yields definitive identity and purity information concurrently, allowing for API quality assurance and control (QA/QC). Achieving full peptide analysis via NMR building blocks, the process lends itself to both research and commercial applications as 1D 1H NMR (HNMR) is the most sensitive and basic NMR experiment. The generated HiFSA profiles are independent of instrument or software tools and work at any magnetic field strength. Pairing with absolute or 100% qHNMR enables quantification of mixtures and/or determination of peptide conformer populations. Demonstration of the methodology uses single amino acids (AAs) and peptides of increasing size, including the octapeptide, angiotensin II, and the nonapeptide, oxytocin. The feasibility of HiFSA coupled with automated NMR and qHNMR for use in QC/QA efforts is established through case-based examples and recommended procedures.
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25
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McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Kutateladze A, MacMillan JB, Appendino G, Barison A, Beniddir MA, Biavatti MW, Bluml S, Boufridi A, Butler MS, Capon RJ, Choi YH, Coppage D, Crews P, Crimmins MT, Csete M, Dewapriya P, Egan JM, Garson MJ, Genta-Jouve G, Gerwick WH, Gross H, Harper MK, Hermanto P, Hook JM, Hunter L, Jeannerat D, Ji NY, Johnson TA, Kingston DGI, Koshino H, Lee HW, Lewin G, Li J, Linington RG, Liu M, McPhail KL, Molinski TF, Moore BS, Nam JW, Neupane RP, Niemitz M, Nuzillard JM, Oberlies NH, Ocampos FMM, Pan G, Quinn RJ, Reddy DS, Renault JH, Rivera-Chávez J, Robien W, Saunders CM, Schmidt TJ, Seger C, Shen B, Steinbeck C, Stuppner H, Sturm S, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Tantillo DJ, Verpoorte R, Wang BG, Williams CM, Williams PG, Wist J, Yue JM, Zhang C, Xu Z, Simmler C, Lankin DC, Bisson J, Pauli GF. The value of universally available raw NMR data for transparency, reproducibility, and integrity in natural product research. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:35-107. [PMID: 30003207 PMCID: PMC6350634 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00064b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2018With contributions from the global natural product (NP) research community, and continuing the Raw Data Initiative, this review collects a comprehensive demonstration of the immense scientific value of disseminating raw nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, independently of, and in parallel with, classical publishing outlets. A comprehensive compilation of historic to present-day cases as well as contemporary and future applications show that addressing the urgent need for a repository of publicly accessible raw NMR data has the potential to transform natural products (NPs) and associated fields of chemical and biomedical research. The call for advancing open sharing mechanisms for raw data is intended to enhance the transparency of experimental protocols, augment the reproducibility of reported outcomes, including biological studies, become a regular component of responsible research, and thereby enrich the integrity of NP research and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B McAlpine
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Andrei Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - John B MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Alimentari, Farmaceutiche e Farmacologiche, Universita` del Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | | | - Mehdi A Beniddir
- Équipe "Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Maique W Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Stefan Bluml
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Asmaa Boufridi
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Capon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Young H Choi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David Coppage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Michael T Crimmins
- Kenan and Caudill Laboratories of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marie Csete
- University of Southern California, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 N. El Molino Ave., Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Pradeep Dewapriya
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Joseph M Egan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Mary J Garson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Grégory Genta-Jouve
- C-TAC, UMR 8638 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 4, Aveue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - William H Gerwick
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA and Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Harald Gross
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mary Kay Harper
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Precilia Hermanto
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - James M Hook
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luke Hunter
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Damien Jeannerat
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nai-Yun Ji
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tyler A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, M/C 0212, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Koshino
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiau-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Guy Lewin
- Équipe "Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roger G Linington
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Tadeusz F Molinski
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA and Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ram P Neupane
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Matthias Niemitz
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Jean-Marc Nuzillard
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | | | - Guohui Pan
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - D Sai Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Jean-Hugues Renault
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - José Rivera-Chávez
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Wolfgang Robien
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Carla M Saunders
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Christoph Seger
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ben Shen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Christoph Steinbeck
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Sonja Sturm
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China and Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Philip G Williams
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Julien Wist
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Chen Zhang
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Zhengren Xu
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - David C Lankin
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Jonathan Bisson
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
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Aydin B, Leme-Kraus AA, Vidal CMP, Aguiar TR, Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Evidence to the role of interflavan linkages and galloylation of proanthocyanidins at sustaining long-term dentin biomodification. Dent Mater 2018; 35:328-334. [PMID: 30580969 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The interactivity of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with collagen modulates dentin matrix biomechanics and biostability. Herein, PAC extracts selected based on structural diversity were investigated to determine key PAC features driving sustained effects on dentin matrices over a period of 18months. METHODS The chemical profiles of PAC-rich plant sources, Pinus massoniana (PM), Cinnamomum verum (CV) and Hamamelis virginiana (HV) barks, as well as Vitis vinifera (VV) seeds, were obtained by diol HPLC analysis after partitioning of the extracts between methyl acetate and water. Dentin matrices (n=15) were prepared from human molars to determine the apparent modulus of elasticity over 18months of aging. Susceptibility of the dentin matrix to degradation by endogenous and exogenous proteases was determined by presence of solubilized collagen in supernatant, and resistance to degradation by bacterial collagenase, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests (α=0.05). RESULTS After 18months, dentin matrices modified by PM and CV extracts, containing only non-galloylated PACs, were highly stable mechanically (p<0.05). Dentin matrices treated with CV exhibited the lowest degradation by bacterial collagenase after 1h and 18months of aging (p<0.05), while dentin matrices treated with PM showed the least mass loss and collagen solubilization by endogenous enzymes over time (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Resistance against long-term degradation was observed for all experimental groups; however, the most potent and long-lasting dentin biomodification resulted from non-galloylated PACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berdan Aydin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cristina M P Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thaiane R Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Gong SQ, Xue ZJ, Liao ST, Wu YB, Liu Y. The effect of NDGA-modified etchant on the enzymatic degradation resistance and mechanical properties of collagen matrix. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Gao W, McAlpine JB, Choules MP, Napolitano JG, Lankin DC, Simmler C, Ho NA, Lee H, Suh JW, Burton IW, Cho S, Franzblau SG, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Structural Sequencing of Oligopeptides Aided by 1H Iterative Full-Spin Analysis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2630-2643. [PMID: 29035048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This report describes an approach using 1H NMR iterative full-spin analysis (HiFSA) to extract definitive structural information on unknown peptides from 1D 1H NMR data. By comparing the experimental data and HiFSA fingerprint of a known analogue, it is possible to isolate the characteristic 1H subspectrum of the different amino acids and, thus, elucidate the structure of the peptide. To illustrate this methodology, a comprehensive analysis of five new anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides (2-6), all analogues of ecumicin (1), was carried out. The method was validated by demonstrating congruence of the HiFSA-based structures with all available data, including MS and 2D NMR. The highly reproducible HiFSA fingerprints of the new ∼1600 amu peptides were generated in this process. Besides oligo-peptides, the HiFSA sequencing approach could be extended to all oligomeric compounds consisting of chains of monomers lacking H-H spin-spin coupling across the moieties. HiFSA sequencing is capable of differentiating complex oligomers that exhibit minor structural differences such as shifted hydoxyl or methyl groups. Because it employs the basic and most sensitive 1D 1H NMR experiment, HiFSA sequencing enables the exploration of peptide analogues up to at least 2000 amu, even with basic contemporary spectrometers and when only sub-milligram amounts of isolates are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Mary P Choules
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - José G Napolitano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - David C Lankin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ngoc Anh Ho
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University , Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17458, South Korea
| | - Hanki Lee
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University , Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17458, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University , Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17458, South Korea
- Division of Biosciences and Bioinformatics, Myongji University , Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17458, South Korea
| | - Ian W Burton
- Institute for Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council , Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Sanghyun Cho
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Scott G Franzblau
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Orejola J, Matsuo Y, Saito Y, Tanaka T. Characterization of Proanthocyanidin Oligomers of Ephedra sinica. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081308. [PMID: 28783085 PMCID: PMC6152249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ephedra sinica, an important plant in Chinese traditional medicine, contains a complex mixture of proanthocyanidin oligomers as major constituents; however, only the minor components have been chemically characterized. In this study, oligomers with relatively large molecular weights, which form the main body of the proanthocyanidin fractions, were separated by adsorption and size-exclusion chromatography. Acid-catalyzed degradation in the presence of mercaptoethanol or phloroglucinol led to the isolation of 18 fragments, the structures of which were elucidated from their experimental and TDDFT-calculated ECD spectra. The results indicated that (−)-epigallocatechin was the main extension unit, while catechin, the A-type epigallocatechin–gallocatechin dimer, and the A-type epigallocatechin homodimer, were identified as the terminal units. Among the degradation products, thioethers of gallocatechin with 3,4-cis configurations, a B-type prodelphinidin dimer, a prodelphinidin trimer with both A- and B-type linkages, and a prodelphinidin dimer with an α-substituted A-type linkage were new compounds. In addition, a phloroglucinol adduct of an A-type prodelphinidin dimer, a doubly-linked phloroglucinol adduct of epigallocatechin, and a unique product with a flavan-3-ol skeleton generated by the rearrangement of the aromatic rings were also isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Orejola
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Saito
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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