1
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Wang MY, Zeng WL, Chen L, Yuan YF, Li W. Umpolung-Enabled Divergent Dearomative Carbonylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403917. [PMID: 38818640 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Although dearomative functionalizations enable the direct conversion of flat aromatics into precious three-dimensional architectures, the case for simple arenes remains largely underdeveloped owing to the high aromatic stabilization energy. We herein report a dearomative sequential addition of two nucleophiles to arene π-bonds through umpolung of chromium-arene complexes. This mode enables divergent dearomative carbonylation reactions of benzene derivatives by tolerating various nucleophiles in combination with alcohols or amines under CO-gas-free conditions, thus providing modular access to functionalized esters or amides. The tunable synthesis of 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexadienes as well as the construction of carbon quaternary centers further highlight the versatility of this dearomatization. Diverse late-stage modifications and derivatizations towards synthetically challenging and bioactive molecules reveal the synthetic utility. A possible mechanism was proposed based on control experiments and intermediate tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei-Long Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu-Fei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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2
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Chen H, Shen C, Dong K. Parallel Paired Photoelectrochemical Bromination of Alkylarenes with Electrochemical Pinacol Coupling. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2550-2555. [PMID: 38289158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A paired electrochemical method for paralleling benzylic bromination of alkylarenes under irradiation with reductive pinacol coupling in a divided cell has been developed. A variety of benzyl bromides at the anode and pinacols at the cathode were obtained simultaneously in moderate-to-high faradaic efficiency. This parallel paired electrochemical protocol showed a broad substrate scope and high chemoselectivity as well as high synthetic and faradaic efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuai Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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3
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Williams PJH, Boustead GA, Heard DE, Seakins PW, Rickard AR, Chechik V. New Approach to the Detection of Short-Lived Radical Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15969-15976. [PMID: 36001076 PMCID: PMC9460783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report a new general method for trapping short-lived
radicals,
based on a homolytic substitution reaction SH2′.
This departure from conventional radical trapping by addition or radical–radical
cross-coupling results in high sensitivity, detailed structural information,
and general applicability of the new approach. The radical traps in
this method are terminal alkenes possessing a nitroxide leaving group
(e.g., allyl-TEMPO derivatives). The trapping process
thus yields stable products which can be stored and subsequently analyzed
by mass spectrometry (MS) supported by well-established techniques
such as isotope exchange, tandem MS, and high-performance liquid chromatography-MS.
The new method was applied to a range of model radical reactions in
both liquid and gas phases including a photoredox-catalyzed thiol–ene
reaction and alkene ozonolysis. An unprecedented range of radical
intermediates was observed in complex reaction mixtures, offering
new mechanistic insights. Gas-phase radicals can be detected at concentrations
relevant to atmospheric chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J H Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Dwayne E Heard
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Paul W Seakins
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Andrew R Rickard
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Victor Chechik
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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4
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Xu XJ, Amuti A, Hu WJ, Adelibieke Q, Wusiman A. TEMPO-Promoted Mono- and Bisimidation of Tertiary Anilines: Synthesis of Symmetric and Unsymmetric N-Mannich Bases. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9011-9022. [PMID: 35749377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A TEMPO-promoted method was developed for the synthesis of symmetric bis-N-Mannich bases via sequential activation of two α,α'-amino C(sp3)-H bonds of N,N-dimethylanilines under mild conditions. This methodology was further extended for monoimidation of α-amino-functionalized methylanilines to give unsymmetric N-Mannich bases in good to high yields. Several control experiments were performed, and the coupling reaction outcomes indicated that the oxoammonium (TEMPO+) species is involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Juan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. of China
| | - Adila Amuti
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. of China
| | - Wen Jing Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. of China
| | - Qiaerbati Adelibieke
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. of China
| | - Abudureheman Wusiman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials, Urumqi 830054, People's Republic of China
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5
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Bal A, Dinda TK, Mal P. A Mechanochemical Aliphatic Iodination (and Bromination) by Cascaded Cyclization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bal
- NISER: National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Tarun Kumar Dinda
- NISER: National Institute of Science Education and Research School of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- NISER Bhubaneswar School of Chemical Sciences PO Bhimpur-PadanpurVia JatniDistrict Khurda 752050 Bhubaneswar INDIA
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6
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Fazekas TJ, Alty JW, Neidhart EK, Miller AS, Leibfarth FA, Alexanian EJ. Diversification of aliphatic C-H bonds in small molecules and polyolefins through radical chain transfer. Science 2022; 375:545-550. [PMID: 35113718 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to selectively introduce diverse functionality onto hydrocarbons is of substantial value in the synthesis of both small molecules and polymers. Herein, we report an approach to aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond diversification using radical chain transfer featuring an easily prepared O-alkenylhydroxamate reagent, which upon mild heating facilitates a range of challenging or previously undeveloped aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond functionalizations of small molecules and polyolefins. This broad reaction platform enabled the functionalization of postconsumer polyolefins in infrastructure used to process plastic waste. Furthermore, the chemoselective placement of ionic functionality onto a branched polyolefin using carbon-hydrogen bond functionalization upcycled the material from a thermoplastic into a tough elastomer with the tensile properties of high-value polyolefin ionomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Fazekas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jill W Alty
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eliza K Neidhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Austin S Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erik J Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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7
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Hirscher NA, Ohri N, Yang Q, Zhou J, Anna JM, Schelter EJ, Goldberg KI. A Metal-Free, Photocatalytic Method for Aerobic Alkane Iodination. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19262-19267. [PMID: 34779622 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Halogenation is an important alkane functionalization strategy, but O2 is widely considered the most desirable terminal oxidant. Here, the aerobic iodination of alkanes, including methane, was performed using catalytic [nBu4N]Cl and light irradiation (390 nm). Up to 10 turnovers of CH3I were obtained from CH4 and air, using a stop-flow microtubing system. Mechanistic studies using cyclohexane as the substrate revealed important details about the iodination reaction. Iodine (I2) serves multiple roles in the catalysis: (1) as the alkyl radical trap, (2) as a precursor for the light absorber, and (3) as a mediator of aerobic oxidation. The alkane activation is attributed to Cl• derived from photofragmentation of the electron donor-acceptor complex of I2 and Cl-. The kinetic profile of cyclohexane iodination showed that aerobic oxidation of I3- to produce I2 in CH3CN is turnover-limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A Hirscher
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nidhi Ohri
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Qiaomu Yang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jessica M Anna
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Eric J Schelter
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Karen I Goldberg
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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8
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Palav A, Misal B, Chaturbhuj G. NCBSI/KI: A Reagent System for Iodination of Aromatics through In Situ Generation of I-Cl. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12467-12474. [PMID: 34339212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In situ iodine monochloride (I-Cl) generation followed by iodination of aromatics using NCBSI/KI system has been developed. The NCBSI reagent requires no activation due to longer bond length, lower bond dissociation energy, and higher absolute charge density on nitrogen. The system is adequate for mono- and diiodination of a wide range of moderate to highly activated arenes with good yield and purity. Moreover, the precursor N-(benzenesulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide can be recovered and transformed to NCBSI, making the protocol eco-friendly and cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Palav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.,Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd., Research, and Development Center, Tarapur, Thane 401 506, India
| | - Balu Misal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.,Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd., Research, and Development Center, Tarapur, Thane 401 506, India
| | - Ganesh Chaturbhuj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
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9
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Lan Z, Lu Y. Photoiodization of toluene in a microflow platform. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00187-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Sulfated polyborate-H2O assisted tunable activation of N-iodosuccinimide for expeditious mono and diiodination of arenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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11
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Yoshida Y, Kukita M, Omori K, Mino T, Sakamoto M. Iminophosphorane-mediated regioselective umpolung alkylation reaction of α-iminoesters. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4551-4564. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first regioselective umpolung alkylation of α-iminoesters with alkyl halides mediated by iminophosphorane has developed (up to 82% yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Yoshida
- Molecular Chirality Research Center
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Mayu Kukita
- Molecular Chirality Research Center
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Kazuki Omori
- Molecular Chirality Research Center
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Molecular Chirality Research Center
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Molecular Chirality Research Center
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
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12
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Talukdar R. Tracking down the brominated single electron oxidants in recent organic red-ox transformations: photolysis and photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8294-8345. [PMID: 33020775 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01652g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of organic and inorganic brominated compounds including molecular bromine have been extensively used as oxidants in many organic photo-redox transformations in recent years, an area of ever growing interest because of greener and milder approaches. The oxidation power of these compounds is utilized through both mechanistic pathways (by hydrogen atom transfer or HAT in the absence of a photocatalyst and a combination of single electron transfer or SET and/or HAT in the presence of a photocatalyst). Not only as terminal oxidants for regeneration of photocatalysts, but brominated reactants have also contributed to the oxidation of the reaction intermediate(s) to carry on the radical chain process in several reactions. Here in this review mainly the non-brominative oxidative product formations are discussed, carried out since the last two decades, skipping the instances where they acted as terminal oxidants only to regenerate photocatalysts. The reactions are used to generate natural products, pharmaceuticals and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadeep Talukdar
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India.
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13
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Petzold D, Giedyk M, Chatterjee A, König B. A Retrosynthetic Approach for Photocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petzold
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Maciej Giedyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01‐224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anamitra Chatterjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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14
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Makra Z, Puskás LG, Kanizsai I. A convenient approach for the preparation of imidazo[1,2-a]-fused bicyclic frameworks via IBX/NIS promoted oxidative annulation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9001-9007. [PMID: 31577318 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01708a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An IBX/NIS-induced intramolecular oxidative annulation of Mannich-type substrates is reported. This metal-free approach involving iodination, NH-oxidation, intramolecular C-N bond formation, and retro-Claisen-Schmidt sequence provides the construction of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine as well as imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine frameworks with yields up to 93%. In addition, a sequential one-pot process is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Makra
- AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary.
| | | | - Iván Kanizsai
- AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary.
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15
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Li J, Zhang Z, Wu L, Zhang W, Chen P, Lin Z, Liu G. Site-specific allylic C–H bond functionalization with a copper-bound N-centred radical. Nature 2019; 574:516-521. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Jayram J, Xulu BA, Jeena V. Iodine/DMSO promoted oxidation of benzylic Csp3–H bonds to diketones – A mechanistic investigation. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Bosnidou AE, Duhamel T, Muñiz K. Detection of the Elusive Nitrogen‐Centered Radicals from Catalytic Hofmann–Löffler Reactions. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Bosnidou
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Química Analítica y Química Orgánica Universidad Rovira i Virgili Carrer de Marcel·lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Thomas Duhamel
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Facultad de Química Universidad de Oviedo 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
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18
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Bosnidou AE, Muñiz K. Intermolecular Radical C(sp 3 )-H Amination under Iodine Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7485-7489. [PMID: 30888107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The direct amination of aliphatic C-H bonds has remained one of the most tantalizing transformations in organic chemistry. Herein, we report on a unique catalyst system, which enables the elusive intermolecular C(sp3 )-H amination. This practical synthetic strategy provides access to aminated building blocks and fosters innovative multiple C-H amination within a new approach to aminated heterocycles. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by the synthesis of four relevant pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Bosnidou
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Bosnidou AE, Muñiz K. Intermolekulare radikalische C(sp
3
)‐H‐Aminierung unter Iod‐Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Bosnidou
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spanien
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spanien
- ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spanien
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20
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LaMartina KB, Kuck HK, Oglesbee LS, Al-Odaini A, Boaz NC. Selective benzylic C-H monooxygenation mediated by iodine oxides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:602-609. [PMID: 30931001 PMCID: PMC6423598 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the selective monooxdiation of secondary benzylic C–H bonds is described using an N-oxyl catalyst and a hypervalent iodine species as a terminal oxidant. Combinations of ammonium iodate and catalytic N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) were shown to be effective in the selective oxidation of n-butylbenzene directly to 1-phenylbutyl acetate in high yield (86%). This method shows moderate substrate tolerance in the oxygenation of substrates containing secondary benzylic C–H bonds, yielding the corresponding benzylic acetates in good to moderate yield. Tertiary benzylic C–H bonds were shown to be unreactive under similar conditions, despite the weaker C–H bond. A preliminary mechanistic analysis suggests that this NHPI-iodate system is functioning by a radical-based mechanism where iodine generated in situ captures formed benzylic radicals. The benzylic iodide intermediate then solvolyzes to yield the product ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey B LaMartina
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Haley K Kuck
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Linda S Oglesbee
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Asma Al-Odaini
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Nicholas C Boaz
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA.,Department of Chemistry, Frick Chemical Laboratory, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.,Permanent address: Department of Chemistry, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA; phone: +1-630-637-5187
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21
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Kiyokawa K, Nakamura S, Jou K, Iwaida K, Minakata S. Transition-metal-free Intramolecular C–H amination of sulfamate esters and N-alkylsulfamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11782-11785. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The transition-metal-free intramolecular C–H amination of sulfamate esters and N-alkylsulfamides using iodine oxidants, tert-butyl hypoiodite (t-BuOI) and N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kiyokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Shogo Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Jou
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Kohji Iwaida
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
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22
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Del Castillo E, Martínez MD, Bosnidou AE, Duhamel T, O'Broin CQ, Zhang H, Escudero-Adán EC, Martínez-Belmonte M, Muñiz K. Multiple Halogenation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds within the Hofmann-Löffler Manifold. Chemistry 2018; 24:17225-17229. [PMID: 30189118 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An innovative approach to position-selective polyhalogenation of aliphatic hydrocarbon bonds is presented. The reaction proceeded within the Hofmann-Löffler manifold with amidyl radicals as the sole mediators to induce selective 1,5- and 1,6-hydrogen-atom transfer followed by halogenation. Multiple halogenation events of up to four innate C-H bond functionalizations were accomplished. The broad applicability of this new entry into polyhalogenation and the resulting synthetic possibilities were demonstrated for a total of 27 different examples including mixed halogenations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Del Castillo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mario D Martínez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alexandra E Bosnidou
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Thomas Duhamel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Calvin Q O'Broin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo C Escudero-Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Belmonte
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Wappes EA, Vanitcha A, Nagib DA. β C-H di-halogenation via iterative hydrogen atom transfer. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4500-4504. [PMID: 29896392 PMCID: PMC5958344 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A radical relay strategy for mono- and di-halogenation (iodination, bromination, and chlorination) of sp3 C-H bonds has been developed. This first example of β C-H di-halogenation is achieved through sequential C-H abstraction by iterative, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). A double C-H functionalization is enabled by in situ generated imidate radicals, which facilitate selective N˙ to C˙ radical translocation and tunable C-X termination. The versatile, geminal di-iodide products are further elaborated to β ketones and vinyl iodides. Mechanistic experiments explain the unique di-functionalization selectivity of this iterative HAT pathway, wherein the second C-H iodination is twice as fast as the first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Wappes
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Avassaya Vanitcha
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - David A Nagib
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
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24
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Combe SH, Hosseini A, Song L, Hausmann H, Schreiner PR. Catalytic Halogen Bond Activation in the Benzylic C-H Bond Iodination with Iodohydantoins. Org Lett 2017; 19:6156-6159. [PMID: 29086567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This letter presents the side-chain iodination of electron-deficient benzylic hydrocarbons at rt using N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as radical initiator and 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and 3-iodo-1,5,5-trimethylhydantoin (3-ITMH) as iodine source. Addition of a carboxylic acid increased the reactivity due to complex formation with and activation of 3-ITMH by proton transfer and halogen bond formation. No SEAr reactions were observed under the employed reaction conditions. Our method enables convenient product isolation and gives 50-72% yields of isolated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha H Combe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Abolfazl Hosseini
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lijuan Song
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Heike Hausmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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25
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Davies J, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. Photoredox Imino Functionalizations of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13361-13365. [PMID: 28857386 PMCID: PMC5656829 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Shown herein is that polyfunctionalized nitrogen heterocycles can be easily prepared by a visible-light-mediated radical cascade process. This divergent strategy features the oxidative generation of iminyl radicals and subsequent cyclization/radical trapping, which allows the effective construction of highly functionalized heterocycles. The reactions proceed efficiently at room temperature, utilize an organic photocatalyst, use simple and readily available materials, and generate, in a single step, valuable building blocks that would be difficult to prepare by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityP.O. Box 380Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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26
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Davies J, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. Photoredox Imino Functionalizations of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; King Faisal University; P.O. Box 380 Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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