1
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Liu Y, Dietl MC, Heckershoff R, Han C, Shi H, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Caligiuri I, Asif K, Adeel M, Scattolin T, Hashmi ASK. Gold-Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition as Access to Antitumor-Active Spirocyclic Oxindoles from Alkynes and Isatin-Derived Ketimines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304672. [PMID: 37204285 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Due to its excellent bioactivity profile, which is increasingly utilized in pharmaceutical and synthetic chemistry, spirooxindole is an important core scaffold. We herein describe an efficient method for the construction of highly functionalized new spirooxindolocarbamates via a gold-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of terminal alkynes or ynamides with isatin-derived ketimines. This protocol has a good functional group compatibility, uses readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loadings and no additives. It enables the transformation of various functionalized alkyne groups into cyclic carbamates. Gram-scale synthesis was achieved and DFT calculations verify the feasibility of the mechanistic proposal. Some of the target products exhibit good to excellent antiproliferative activity on human tumor cell lines. In addition, one of the most active compounds displayed a remarkable selectivity towards tumor cells over normal ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Liu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin C Dietl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Heckershoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chunyu Han
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongwei Shi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Kanwal Asif
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Zeng R, Xie C, Xing JD, Dai HY, He MH, Xu PS, Yang QC, Han B, Li JL. Construction of alkenyl-isoquinolinones through NHC-catalyzed remote C(sp3)–H acylation and cascade cyclization of benzamides and enals. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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3
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Eckhardt P, Elliot Q, Alabugin IV, Opatz T. Two Paths to Oxidative C-H Amination Under Basic Conditions: A Theoretical Case Study Reveals Hidden Opportunities Provided by Electron Upconversion. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201637. [PMID: 35880945 PMCID: PMC9804812 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) leads to C-N bond formation under basic and oxidative conditions and is proposed to proceed via a two-electron bond formation mediated by carbenium ions. However, the formation of such high-energy intermediates is only possible in the presence of strong oxidants, which may lead to undesired side reactions and poor functional group tolerance. In this work we explore if oxidation under basic conditions allows the formation of three-electron bonds (resulting in "upconverted" highly-reducing radical-anions). The benefit of this "upconversion" process is in the ability to use milder oxidants (e. g., O2 ) and to avoid high-energy intermediates. Comparison of the two- and three-electron pathways using quantum mechanical calculations reveals that not only does the absence of a strong oxidant shut down two-electron pathways in favor of a three-electron path but, paradoxically, weaker oxidants react faster with the upconverted reductants by avoiding the inverted Marcus region for electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Eckhardt
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Quintin Elliot
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32306USA
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32306USA
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Max Schwenzer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Liu B, Duan XY, Li J, Wu Y, Li Y, Qi J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of 3,3'-Bisoxindoles with α-Bromoenals: Enantioselective Construction of Contiguous Quaternary Stereocenters. Org Lett 2022; 24:5929-5934. [PMID: 35947030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed enantio- and diastereoselective [3 + 2] annulation of α-bromoenals with bisoxindoles is developed, affording efficient access to various spirocyclic bisoxindole alkaloids. This protocol tolerates a broad substrates scope, with various spirocyclic bisoxindoles obtained in generally excellent enantioselectivities. More importantly, two contiguous sterically congested all-carbon quaternary stereocenters are successfully created during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yatong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
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6
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Ren SC, Yang X, Mondal B, Mou C, Tian W, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene and photocatalyst-catalyzed decarboxylative radical coupling of carboxylic acids and acyl imidazoles to form ketones. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2846. [PMID: 35606378 PMCID: PMC9126905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbene and photocatalyst co-catalyzed radical coupling of acyl electrophile and a radical precursor is emerging as attractive method for ketone synthesis. However, previous reports mainly limited to prefunctionalized radical precursors and two-component coupling. Herein, an N-heterocyclic carbene and photocatalyst catalyzed decarboxylative radical coupling of carboxylic acids and acyl imidazoles is disclosed, in which the carboxylic acids are directly used as radical precursors. The acyl imidazoles could also be generated in situ by reaction of a carboxylic acid with CDI thus furnishing a formally decarboxylative coupling of two carboxylic acids. In addition, the reaction is successfully extended to three-component coupling by using alkene as a third coupling partner via a radical relay process. The mild conditions, operational simplicity, and use of carboxylic acids as the reacting partners make our method a powerful strategy for construction of complex ketones from readily available starting materials, and late-stage modification of natural products and medicines. The combination of carbene- and photocatalysis has enabled unorthodox routes to ketone syntheses, but usually requires engineered or activated substrates. Herein the authors present a carbene- and photocatalytic decarboxylative radical coupling of carboxylic acids and acyl imidazoles, in which the carboxylic acids are directly used as radical precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chao Ren
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Xing Yang
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Bivas Mondal
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chengli Mou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China. .,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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7
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Abstract
Inspired by the role of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) in natural enzymatic processes, chemists have harnessed the umpolung (polarity reversal) reactivity of these reactive, Lewis basic species over the past few decades to construct key chemical bonds. While NHCs continue to play a role in two-electron transformations, their unique redox properties enable a variety of useful, stabilized radical species to be accessed via single-electron oxidation or reduction. As a result, their utility in synthesis has grown rapidly concurrent with the revival of radical chemistry, highlighted by their extensive use as reactive single-electron species in recent years.
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8
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Mondal S, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Sibi MP, Bertrand MP, Nechab M. Enantioselective Radical Reactions Using Chiral Catalysts. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5842-5976. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shovan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Syamsundar College, Shyamsundar 713424, West Bengal, India
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Mukund P. Sibi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Michèle P. Bertrand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
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9
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Wang D, Ackermann L. Three-component carboacylation of alkenes via cooperative nickelaphotoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7256-7263. [PMID: 35799820 PMCID: PMC9214884 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02277j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Various commercially available acyl chlorides, aldehydes, and alkanes were exploited for versatile three-component 1,2-carboacylations of alkenes to forge two vicinal C–C bonds through the cooperative action of nickel and sodium decatungstate catalysis. A wealth of ketones with high levels of structural complexity was rapidly obtained via direct functionalization of C(sp2)/C(sp3)–H bonds in a modular manner. Furthermore, a regioselective late-stage modification of natural products showcased the practical utility of the strategy, generally featuring high resource economy and ample substrate scope. Various commercially available acyl chlorides, aldehydes, and alkanes were exploited for versatile three-component 1,2-carboacylations of alkenes to forge two vicinal C–C bonds through the cooperative action of nickel and sodium decatungstate catalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Germany
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10
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Liu W, Zhang L, Liao X, Chen J, Huang Y. An NHC-Catalyzed [3+2] Cyclization of β-Disubstituted Enals with Benzoyl Cyanides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9742-9745. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NHC-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclization of benzoyl cyanides to homoenolate generated in-situ from enals was reported. This methodology leads to the efficient construction of a series of chiral cyclic compounds...
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11
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Meng X, Wang M, Hu C, Su Z. Asymmetric [2 + 2] cycloaddition of isatin with ketene catalyzed by N, N'-dioxide-Sc(III) complex: Mechanism and selectivity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Nasri S, Bayat M, Mirzaei F. Recent Strategies in the Synthesis of Spiroindole and Spirooxindole Scaffolds. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:25. [PMID: 34002298 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds are very important spiro-heterocyclic compounds in drug design processes. Significant attention has been directed at obtaining molecules based on spiroindole and spirooxindole derivatives that have bioactivity against cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disease affecting the human body. Due to their inherent three-dimensional nature and ability to project functionalities in all three dimensions, they have become biological targets. Considering reports on spiroindole and spirooxindole-containing scaffolds in the past decades, introducing novel synthetic procedures has been an active research field of organic chemistry for well over a century and will be useful in creating new therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the pharmacological significance of spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds and highlights the latest strategies for their synthesis, focusing particularly on the past 2 years with typical examples. The spiroindole and spirooxindoles in this review are divided by the type and ring size of the spirocycle that is fused to indole or oxindole. Summarizing these procedures will be very beneficial for discovering novel therapeutic candidate molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nasri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
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13
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Saranya PV, Neetha M, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of spirooxindoles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7146-7179. [PMID: 35423236 PMCID: PMC8695110 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00139f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirooxindole is a principal bioactive agent and is observed in several natural products including alkaloids. They are broadly studied in the pharmaceutical field and have a significant role in the evolution of drugs such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-microbial etc. In organic chemistry, an indispensable role is presented by transition metal catalysts. An effective synthetic perspective to spirooxindoles is the use of transition metals as the catalyst. This review discusses the synthesis of spirooxindoles catalyzed by transition metals and covers literature up to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Saranya
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
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14
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15
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Abstract
This review summaries recent synthetic developments towards spirocyclic oxindoles and applications as valuable medicinal and synthetic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Boddy
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
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16
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Wang G, Wu J, Cheng H, Zhong C, He Z. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+2] Annulations of β‐Halocycloenals with Isatins and Mechanism Study. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Hang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials Department of Chemistry Wuhan University No.299, Bayi road Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Zhao‐Lin He
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone No.206, Guanggu 1st road Wuhan 430025 P.R. China
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17
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Hosseinzadeh E, Heydari A. N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed oxidative [3+2] annulation of dioxindoles and enals: mechanism, role of NHC, role of a mixture of bases with different strength, and origin of stereoselectivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:28269-28276. [PMID: 33295368 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05129b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over recent years, in-depth understanding of the mechanism of oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed reactions in the presence of a mild oxidant and the structure of key radical intermediates have been considered as an important challenge in organic chemistry. Furthermore, the role of using a mixture of bases with different strengths is unclear in NHC-catalyzed reactions. In this paper, the detailed competing oxidative mechanisms, origin of stereoselectivity, and role of the NHC-organocatalyst in the NHC-catalyzed reactions of dioxindoles with enals were studied using the density functional theory method. In addition, the roles of newly produced Brønsted acids of the applied bases, i.e.DBU·H+ and DABCO·H+, are examined. The computational results indicated that the oxidation of the Breslow intermediate by nitrobenzene (NB) occurs first through a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) pathway from the Breslow intermediate, and then it is oxidized into acyl azolium by single electron transfer (SET). We found that the energy barrier of the proton transfer processes is remarkably reduced by the conjugated Brønsted acid of the weaker base in the solution. Further, the calculated results revealed that the NHC catalyst has different behavior before and after the oxidation of the Breslow intermediate in these reactions. Before oxidation, the nucleophilicity of R1 increased by adding R1 to NHC, while, after the oxidation process, the electrophilicity of R1 increases, and as a result the product of oxidation, α, β unsaturated acyl azolium, acts as an electrophile. This mechanistic study paves the way for the rational design of oxidative NHC-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Li Q, Zeng R, Han B, Li J. Single‐Electron Transfer Reactions Enabled by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Chemistry 2020; 27:3238-3250. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics Chengdu University Chengdu 610052 P.R. China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics Chengdu University Chengdu 610052 P.R. China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 P.R. China
| | - Jun‐Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics Chengdu University Chengdu 610052 P.R. China
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19
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Chen KQ, Sheng H, Liu Q, Shao PL, Chen XY. N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed radical reactions. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Chen LJ, Yu JH, He B, Xie JW, Liu YX, Zhu WD. Umpolung Strategy for the Synthesis of Chiral Dispiro[2-amino-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbonitrile]bisoxindoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7793-7802. [PMID: 32469521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on a novel umpolung strategy, an efficient and highly enantioselective cascade aldol/cyclization/tautomerization of the 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-yl)malononitrile to active carbonyl compounds with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity has been developed. Also, various enantio-enriched multifunctional dispiro[2-amino-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbonitrile]bisoxindoles with adjacent spiro-stereocenters were conveniently obtained by this novel methodology. Also, the dispiro[2-amino-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbonitrile]bisoxindoles were easily transformed into structurally complex molecules without any effect on the diastereo- and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hang Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Wu Xie
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Xiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhu
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Green Syntheses and Applications of Fluorine-Containing Specialty Chemicals, Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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21
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Li J, Liu Y, Zou W, Zeng R, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han B, He Y, Leng H, Li Q. Radical Acylfluoroalkylation of Olefins through N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:1863-1870. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yan‐Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Wen‐Lin Zou
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yue Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Yu He
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Hai‐Jun Leng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Qing‐Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
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22
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Zhang B, Peng Q, Guo D, Wang J. NHC-Catalyzed Radical Trifluoromethylation Enabled by Togni Reagent. Org Lett 2020; 22:443-447. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiupeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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Lei CW, Zhang CB, Wang ZH, Xie KX, Zhao JQ, Zhou MQ, Zhang XM, Xu XY, Yuan WC. Cyclocondensation of coumarin-3-thioformates with 3-hydroxyoxindoles and 3-aminooxindoles for the synthesis of spiro-fused pentaheterocyclic compounds. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01039d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A range of spiro-fused pentaheterocyclic compounds including spiro-butyrolactoneoxindole[3,4-c]coumarins and spiro-butyrolactamoxindole[3,4-c]coumarins were smoothly obtained via tandem Michael addition-lactonization/lactamization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Wen Lei
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Chuan-Bao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
| | - Ke-Xin Xie
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Chengdu University
- Chengdu 610106
- China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
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24
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Li J, Liu Y, Zou W, Zeng R, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han B, He Y, Leng H, Li Q. Radical Acylfluoroalkylation of Olefins through N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yan‐Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Wen‐Lin Zou
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yue Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Yu He
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Hai‐Jun Leng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Qing‐Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University Chengdu 610052 China
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25
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Gui H, Wu X, Wei Y, Shi M. A Formal Condensation and [4+1] Annulation Reaction of 3‐Isothiocyanato Oxindoles with Aza‐
o
‐Quinone Methides. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hou‐Ze Gui
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Yun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Grubbs InstituteSouthern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 People's Republic of China
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26
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Liu MM, Yang XC, Hua YZ, Chang JB, Wang MC. Dinuclear Zinc-Catalyzed Asymmetric Tandem Reaction of α-Hydroxy-1-indanone: Access to Spiro[1-indanone-5,2′-γ-butyrolactones]. Org Lett 2019; 21:7089-7093. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhao Hua
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Biao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min-Can Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Ren JW, Zheng L, Ye ZP, Deng ZX, Xie ZZ, Xiao JA, Zhu FW, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. Organocatalytic, Enantioselective, Polarity-Matched Ring-Reorganization Domino Sequence Based on the 3-Oxindole Scaffold. Org Lett 2019; 21:2166-2170. [PMID: 30908056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot squaramide-catalyzed enantioselective ring-reorganization domino sequence (Michael addition/intramolecular ring-opening/lactamization) of 3-hydroxyoxindole and methyleneindolinone, which can be readily derived from 3-oxindole, has been established in this work. As a result, novel polycyclic quinolinone-spirooxindoles bearing three contiguous chiral centers were efficiently and step-economically assembled under mild conditions in high yields (up to 97%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) and moderate to good diastereoselectivities (up to >95:5 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Lan Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanning Normal University , Nanning , Guangxi 530001 , P. R. China
| | - Fa-Wei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , P. R. China
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28
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Yang ZT, Zhao J, Yang WL, Deng WP. Enantioselective Construction of CF3-Containing Spirooxindole γ-Lactones via Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael/Lactonization. Org Lett 2019; 21:1015-1020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Tao Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wu-Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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29
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Zhang K, Han H, Wang L, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Zhang W, Bu Z. An unexpected cascade reaction of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with coumarin-3-carboxylates to construct 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran spirooxindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13681-13684. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An unexpected Michael addition-inspired ring-opening/closure cascade reaction of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with coumarin-3-carboxylates was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Huabin Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Lele Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Ziying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Qilin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Zhanwei Bu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
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30
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Zhu SY, Zhang H, Ma QW, Liu D, Hui XP. Oxidative NHC catalysis: direct activation of β sp3 carbons of saturated acid chlorides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:298-301. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The first activation of saturated acid chlorides by an oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst has been utilized to synthesize enantio-enriched spirooxindole lactones and δ-lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ya Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Dou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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31
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Chen KQ, Gao ZH, Ye S. Bifunctional N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed [3 + 4] annulation of enals with azadienes: enantioselective synthesis of benzofuroazepinones. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bifunctional N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed [3 + 4] annulation of enals with aurone-derived azadienes was developed to afford benzofuroazepinones with excellent enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Quan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhong-Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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32
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Liu M, Zhang X, Huang X, Dhawan G, Evans J, Kaur M, Jasinski JP, Zhang W. Recyclable Organocatalyst for One-Pot Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydrofuranone and Tetrahydropyranone Spirooxindoles. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; 321004 Jinhua China
| | - Gagan Dhawan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
- Department of Biomedical Science; Acharya Narendra Dev College; University of Delhi; -110019 New Delhi India
| | - Jason Evans
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Keene State College; 229 Main Street 03435 Keene NH USA
| | - Jerry P. Jasinski
- Department of Chemistry; Keene State College; 229 Main Street 03435 Keene NH USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Boston; 100 Morrissey Boulevard 02125 Boston MA USA
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33
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Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis under oxidizing conditions provides a vast range of various synthetic procedures via diverse mechanisms. The available catalysts, bases, oxidants, and oxidizing methods afford numerous opportunities for developing this branch of organocatalysis. Furthermore, implementation of tandem reactions and cooperative catalysis in the described methodology significantly expands the possibilities of modern organic chemistry. This approach allows the synthesis of different structurally complex and often enantiomerically enriched substances, which can be interesting in terms of biological activity and natural product synthesis. Many esters, amides, thioesters, lactams, lactones, and other cyclic compounds obtained in oxidative or oxygenative reactions promoted by N-heterocyclic carbenes can be interesting precursors in advanced organic synthesis. Sophistication and broad applicability prove that the described synthetic approaches are exceptionally worthy of further development.
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34
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Liu Q, Li S, Chen XY, Rissanen K, Enders D. Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiro-oxindole-ε-lactones through N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Org Lett 2018; 20:3622-3626. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Sun Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
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35
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Yang L, Lv Y, Wang F, Zhong G. Chiral NHC-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine imines with α-chloroaldehydes for the synthesis of bicyclic pyrazolidinones. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4433-4438. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00925b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of azomethine imines and α-chloroaldehydes was developed for the synthesis of chiral bicyclic pyrazolidinone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yang
- College of Materials
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Yunbo Lv
- College of Materials
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Materials
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
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36
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Mei GJ, Shi F. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of spirooxindoles: recent developments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6607-6621. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02364f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The past four years have witnessed significant developments in the field of the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of spirooxindoles, and this feature article outlines the recent progress in this area, including the contributions of our group. This article is divided into sections according to the size and type of the generated spiro-ring fused at the C3-position of the oxindole core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jian Mei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
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37
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Gui HZ, Wei Y, Shi M. Construction of spirothioureas having an amino quaternary stereogenic center via a [3 + 2] annulation of 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles with 2-aminoacrylates. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9218-9222. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02748j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A [3 + 2] annulation of 3-isothiocyanato oxindoles with 2-aminoacrylates was disclosed, affording the corresponding spirocyclic oxindoles containing a spirothiourea structure and an amino quaternary stereogenic center in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Ze Gui
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
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