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Poskrebyshev GA. Mechanism, thermochemistry, and kinetics of formation of PhC(O)H and HOPhC(O)H during unimolecular decomposition of P-PhC(O 2•)HPhOH. J Mol Model 2024; 30:246. [PMID: 38960908 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bisphenols are one of the main components of bio-oil, produced during the pyrolysis of lignin-containing biomass. Synthetic bisphenols are used in polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and thermal papers. Their mechanism of oxidation is important for the determination of the fire safety of these materials and the possibility of using them as additives in fuels for the decrease and description of ignition delays, as well as for the determination of their health risk assessment in medicine. One representative of bisphenols is p-benzylphenol (p-PhCH2PhOH), which is formed during the fast pyrolysis of lignine-containing biomass. Its thermochemistry of oxidation has been partially studied previously. It is shown that the reaction of chain oxidation of p-PhCH2PhOH is thermochemically favorable at low temperatures. However, these studies consider only two pathways of this reaction: (1) the chain oxidation of RH by RO2• and (2) the tautomerization of R'HO2• to R'O2H with following production of R'O• and OH radicals. At the same time, the reactions of intramolecular rearrangement of RO2•, produced PhC(O)H and •PhOH or HOPhC(O)H and •Ph, are not reported but can be an important part of its oxidation mechanism. METHODS The five DFT (M06-2X (i = 1), B3LYP (i = 2), wB97XD (i = 3), M08HX (i = 4), MN15 (i = 5)) approaches with 6-311 + + G(d,p) basis set are used for the determination of standard enthalpies of atomization (ΔraH°(Xi)) of considered compounds (molecules, radicals, and transition states). These values of ΔraH°(Xi) are corrected using the empirical linear calibration dependencies, reported previously. The different calibration dependencies are used for the hydrocarbons (including the aromatics and simple oxygenated derivatives) and for the peroxides. The corrected values of ΔraH°(Xi, CORR) are used according to Hess's law for the determination of ΔfH°(Xi, CORR). The most consistent values of ΔfH°(X, MEAN) are derived from the coordination of the values of ΔfH°(Xi,CORR) using the intersection of their values of standard deviations (3SDi). These values of ΔfH°(X, MEAN), as well as the B3LYP values of S°(X), which are accounting the frequencies correction and internal rotations, as well as their temperature dependencies, are used for the determination of thermochemistry of considered reactions and of the calculation, within transition state theory (TST), of the values of high pressure limits of the rate constant. The values of H°(Xi), S°(Xi), and G°(Xi) are calculated using the Gaussian 16w program. The considered mechanism is prepared using ISIS/Draw package. The temperature dependencies of thermochemical properties and the values of rate constants are determined using the ChemRate program (v.1.5). The optimized structures are visualized using the Chemcraft package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Poskrebyshev
- V.L. Tal'rose Institute of Energy Problems for Chemical Physics at Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Rojas SD, Rafaela G, Espinoza-Villalobos N, Diaz-Droguett DE, Salazar-González R, Caceres-Jensen L, Escalona N, Barrientos L. Role of Nb 2O 5 Crystal Phases on the Photocatalytic Conversion of Lignin Model Molecules and Selectivity for Value-Added Products. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202301594. [PMID: 38452280 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The photocatalytic conversion in aqueous media of phenol and guaiacol as a lignin model compound using Nb2O5 with different crystal phases was studied. Nb2O5 particles were synthesized using hydrothermal methods, where it was observed that changes in the solvent control their morphology and crystal phase. Different photocatalytic behavior of Nb2O5 was observed with the selected model compounds, indicating that its selection directly impacts the resulting conversion and selectivity rates as well as the reaction pathway, highlighting the relevance of model molecule selection. Photocatalytic conversion of phenol showed conversion rate (C%) up to 25 % after 2 h irradiation and high selectivity (S%) to pyrogallol (up to 50 %). Orthorhombic Nb2O5 spheres favored conversion through free hydroxyl radicals while monoclinic rods did not convert phenol. Guaiacol photocatalytic oxidation showed high conversion rate but lower selectivity. Orthorhombic and monoclinic Nb2O5 favored the formation of resorcinol with S % ~0.43 % (C % ~33 %) and ~13 % (C % ~27 %) respectively. The mixture of both phases enhanced the guaiacol conversion rate to ~55 % with ~17 % of selectivity to salicylaldehyde. The use of radical scavengers provided information to elucidate the reaction pathway for these model compounds, showing that different reaction pathways may be obtained for the same photocatalyst if the model compound is changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana D Rojas
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Current Address: Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 1786, Valparaíso, Chile
- Gran Avenida 4160, San Miguel, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Rafaela
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Espinoza-Villalobos
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Donovan E Diaz-Droguett
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Energía UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Salazar-González
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lizethly Caceres-Jensen
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica & Analítica (PachemLab), Nucleus of Computational Thinking and Education for Sustainable Development (NuCES), Center for Research in Education (CIE-UMCE), Departamento de Química, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Avenida José Pedro Alessandri 774, Ñuñoa, Santiago, 776019, Chile
| | - Néstor Escalona
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Barrientos
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
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3
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Yang Q, Qian H, Guo Y, Bai X, Li J, Chen C. Rapid Release of Halocarbons from Saline Water by Iron-Based Photochemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20781-20791. [PMID: 38010203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Methyl halides play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion, but their formation mechanisms are not well defined. This study demonstrated that iron-based photochemistry significantly enhanced alkyl halide production by promoting the reaction of the representative monomer of lignin with halide ions in saline water under solar light irradiation. The methyl chloride (CH3Cl) emission from the light/Fe(III) process was 2 orders of magnitude higher than dark treatment and in the absence of iron. In addition, bromide and iodide showed better reactivity in the formation of the corresponding methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl iodide (CH3I). Alkyl halides identified from seawater, brackish water, and salt pan water under sunlight irradiation were positively correlated with the Fe(III) concentrations, indicating that iron-based photochemistry is ubiquitous. This work suggested that the photoinduced formation of methyl radical and redox cycling of iron triggered by the Fenton-like reaction are responsible for the enhanced release of alkyl halides. This study represents an abiotic formation pathway of alkyl halides, which accounts for a portion of the unidentified sources of halocarbons in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Heng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Bai
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Hanamirian B, Della Libera A, Pratali Maffei L, Cavallotti C. Investigation of Methylcyclopentadiene Reactivity: Abstraction Reactions and Methylcyclopentadienyl Radical Unimolecular Decomposition. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1314-1328. [PMID: 36723173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the reactivities of methylcyclopentadiene and the methylcyclopentadienyl radical is important in order to improve our comprehension of the chemical kinetics leading to the formation, decomposition, and growth of the first aromatic ring, as it has been shown that five-membered-ring species are important intermediates in the reaction kinetics of aromatic species. In this work, the rate constants of some key H-abstraction reactions from methylcyclopentadiene to produce the methylcyclopentadienyl radical and the formation of fulvene and benzene from the latter are theoretically determined. Rate constants are evaluated using the ab initio transition state theory-based master equation approach, determining structures and Hessians of all stationary points at the ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ level, energies at the CCSD(T) level extrapolated to the complete basis set limit, RRKM rate constants using conventional and variational transition state theory, and phenomenological rate constants through the solution of the one-dimensional master equation. Variational corrections are determined in both internal and Cartesian coordinates, and it is found that the choice of the coordinate system can impact the accuracy of the calculated rate constants by up to a factor of 4 for H-abstraction reactions and 2 for the unimolecular decomposition of the methylcyclopentadienyl radical. The calculated rate constants are in good agreement with the available literature data. Prompt dissociation of methylcyclopentadienyl radicals accessed following H-abstraction from methylcyclopentadiene was also investigated, and the corresponding rate constants were determined; the results show that prompt dissociation plays a key role under combustion conditions. Finally, lumping of theoretically derived rate constants to account for methylcyclopentadiene ⇄ methylcyclopentadienyl tautomerism allowed the derivation of a simplified set of rate constants suitable to be inserted into kinetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Hanamirian
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, 20131Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Della Libera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, 20131Milano, Italy
| | - Luna Pratali Maffei
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, 20131Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Cavallotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, 20131Milano, Italy
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Biela M, Kleinová A, Klein E. Guaiacol oxidation: theoretical insight into thermochemistry of radical processes involving methoxy group demethylation. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:730-739. [PMID: 36669169 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2170880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) is naturally occurring phenolic compound essential in various research areas. Oxidative transformation of guaiacol can lead to the formation of various products, including 1,3-benzodioxole or ortho-quinone. Therefore, this study is focused on the investigation of the reaction enthalpies of experimentally observed guaiacol oxidation pathways in gas-phase, as well as in non-polar environment and aqueous solution. Corresponding Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were carried out using two hybrid functionals (M06-2X and B3LYP-D3). All reaction enthalpies, as well as Gibbs free energies, were also calculated using composite ab initio G4 method. M06-2X and G4 results show mutual agreement and the best accordance with available experimentally determined reaction enthalpies. Obtained Gibbs free reaction energies indicate that formation of ortho-quinone is thermodynamically preferred to formation of 1,3-benzodioxole at 298 K in studied environments. Moreover, all computational methods confirm that the reaction enthalpy of methoxy group demethylation, i.e. O-C bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), is substantially lower in comparison to the enthalpy of hydrogen atom transfer from phenolic OH group. In the case of phenoxide anion of guaiacol, which can be formed in ionization supporting solvents, O-C BDE shows further significant decrease, exceeding 50 kJ mol-1, in comparison to parent molecule.HIGHLIGHTSReaction enthalpies and Gibbs free energies of individual steps of guaiacol transformation to 1,3-benzodioxole or ortho-quinone are studied in three environments.M06-2X functional and composite ab initio G4 methods provide reliable O-H and O-C bond dissociation enthalpies.Dissociation enthalpy of methoxy group O-C bond is lower by ca. 100 kJ mol-1 in comparison to phenolic O-H bond.Phenoxide anion of guaiacol shows substantially lower O-C BDE than parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Biela
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Kleinová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erik Klein
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Battin-Leclerc F, Delort N, Meziane I, Herbinet O, Sang Y, Li Y. Possible use as biofuels of monoaromatic oxygenates produced by lignin catalytic conversion: A review. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Application of copper(II)-based chemicals induces CH 3Br and CH 3Cl emissions from soil and seawater. Nat Commun 2022; 13:47. [PMID: 35013262 PMCID: PMC8748922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl chloride (CH3Cl) are major carriers of atmospheric bromine and chlorine, respectively, which can catalyze stratospheric ozone depletion. However, in our current understanding, there are missing sources associated with these two species. Here we investigate the effect of copper(II) on CH3Br and CH3Cl production from soil, seawater and model organic compounds: catechol (benzene-1,2-diol) and guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol). We show that copper sulfate (CuSO4) enhances CH3Br and CH3Cl production from soil and seawater, and it may be further amplified in conjunction with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or solar radiation. This represents an abiotic production pathway of CH3Br and CH3Cl perturbed by anthropogenic application of copper(II)-based chemicals. Hence, we suggest that the widespread application of copper(II) pesticides in agriculture and the discharge of anthropogenic copper(II) to the oceans may account for part of the missing sources of CH3Br and CH3Cl, and thereby contribute to stratospheric halogen load. Halogenated compounds impact stratospheric ozone. This study suggests agricultural application of Cu(II) chemicals induces abiotic production of methyl bromide and methyl chloride from soil and seawater, contributing to the atmospheric halogen load.
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Rojas S, Espinoza-Villalobos N, Salazar R, Escalona N, Contreras D, Melin V, Laguna-Bercero M, Sánchez-Arenillas M, Vergara E, Caceres-Jensen L, Rodriguez-Becerra J, Barrientos L. Selective photocatalytic conversion of guaiacol using g-C3N4 metal free nanosheets photocatalyst to add-value products. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Pietraccini M, Delon E, Santandrea A, Pacault S, Glaude PA, Dufour A, Dufaud O. Determination of heterogeneous reaction mechanisms: A key milestone in dust explosion modelling. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Kong X, Salvador CM, Carlsson S, Pathak R, Davidsson KO, Le Breton M, Gaita SM, Mitra K, Hallquist ÅM, Hallquist M, Pettersson JBC. Molecular characterization and optical properties of primary emissions from a residential wood burning boiler. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142143. [PMID: 32898781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Modern small-scale biomass burners have been recognized as an important renewable energy source because of the economic and environmental advantages of biomass over fossil fuels. However, the characteristics of their gas and particulate emissions remain incompletely understood, and there is substantial uncertainty concerning their health and climate impacts. Here, we present online measurements conducted during the operation of a residential wood-burning boiler. The measured parameters include gas and particle concentrations, optical absorption and chemical characteristics of gases and particles. Positive matrix factorization was performed to analyze data from a high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS) equipped with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols (FIGAERO). Six factors were identified and interpreted. Three factors were related to the chemical composition of the fuel representing lignin pyrolysis products, cellulose/hemicellulose pyrolysis products, and nitrogen-containing organics, while three factor were related to the physical characteristics of the emitted compounds: volatile compounds, semi-volatile compounds, and filter-derived compounds. An ordinal analysis was performed based on the factor fractions to identify the most influential masses in each factor, and by deconvoluting high-resolution mass spectra fingerprint molecules for each factor were identified. Results from the factor analysis were linked to the optical properties of the emissions, and lignin and cellulose/hemicellulose pyrolysis products appeared to be the most important sources of brown carbon under the tested burning conditions. It is concluded that the emissions from the complex combustion process can be described by a limited set of physically meaningful factors, which will help to rationalize subsequent transformation and tracing of emissions in the atmosphere and associated impacts on health and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Christian Mark Salvador
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ravikant Pathak
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Le Breton
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Samuel Mwaniki Gaita
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa M Hallquist
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mattias Hallquist
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan B C Pettersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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11
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Theoretical study of the hydrogen abstraction reactions from substituted phenolic species. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Ryan J, Elsmore MT, Binner ER, De Focatiis DSA, Irvine DJ, Robinson JP. Solvent-free manufacture of methacrylate polymers from biomass pyrolysis products. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00419g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomass pyrolysis liquid is functionalised into a potential replacement for petrochemical derived methacrylates used in resins, adhesives and binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ryan
- Coates Building
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- UK
| | - M. T. Elsmore
- Coates Building
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- UK
| | - E. R. Binner
- Coates Building
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- UK
| | | | - D. J. Irvine
- Coates Building
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- UK
| | - J. P. Robinson
- Coates Building
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Nottingham
- UK
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13
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Pratali Maffei L, Faravelli T, Cavallotti C, Pelucchi M. Electronic structure-based rate rules for ipso addition-elimination reactions on mono-aromatic hydrocarbons with single and double OH/CH 3/OCH 3/CHO/C 2H 5 substituents: a systematic theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20368-20387. [PMID: 32901626 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent interest in bio-oils combustion and the key role of mono-aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) in existing kinetic frameworks, both in terms of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons growth and surrogate fuels formulation, motivates the current systematic theoretical investigation of one of the relevant reaction classes in MAHs pyrolysis and oxidation: ipso substitution by hydrogen. State-of-the-art theoretical methods and protocols implemented in automatized computational routines allowed to investigate 14 different potential energy surfaces involving MAHs with hydroxy and methyl single (phenol and toluene) and double (o-,m-,p-C6H4(OH)2, o-,m-,p-CH3C6H4OH, and o-,m-,p-C6H4(CH3)2) substituents, providing rate constants for direct implementation in existing kinetic models. The accuracy of the adopted theoretical method was validated by comparison of the computed rate constants with the available literature data. Systematic trends in energy barriers, pre-exponential factors, and temperature dependence of the Arrhenius parameters were found, encouraging the formulation of rate rules for ipso substitutions on MAHs. The rules here proposed allow to extrapolate from a reference system the necessary activation energy and pre-exponential factor corrections for a large number of reactions from a limited set of electronic structure calculations. We were able to estimate rate constants for other 63 ipso addition-elimination reactions on di-substituted MAHs, reporting in total 75 rate constants for ipso substitution reactions o-,m-,p-R'C6H4R + → C6H5R + ', with R,R' = OH/CH3/OCH3/CHO/C2H5, in the 300-2000 K range. Additional calculations performed for validation showed that the proposed rate rules are in excellent agreement with the rate constants calculated using the full computational protocol in the 500-2000 K range, generally with errors below 20%, increasing up to 40% in a few cases. The main results of this work are the successful application of automatized electronic structure calculations for the derivation of accurate rate constants for ipso substitution reactions on MAHs, and an efficient and innovative approach for rate rules formulation for this reaction class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Pratali Maffei
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Faravelli
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Carlo Cavallotti
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Matteo Pelucchi
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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14
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Shen X, Xin Y, Liu H, Han B. Product-oriented Direct Cleavage of Chemical Linkages in Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4367-4381. [PMID: 32449257 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is one of the most important biomacromolecules in the plant biomass and the largest renewable source of aromatic building blocks in nature. Selectively producing value-added chemicals from the catalytic transformation of renewable lignin is of strategic significance and meet sustainability targets owing to the excessive consumption of non-renewable petroleum resource, but remains a long-term challenge owing to the complexity of lignin structure. This Minireview provides a summary and perspective of the extensive research that provides insight into selectively catalytic transformations of lignin and its derived monomers via directed scissor of chemical linkages (C-O and C-C bonds) with product-oriented targets. Furthermore, some challenges and opportunities of lignin catalytic transformation are provided based on existing problems in this field for readers to discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
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15
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Guo H, Yang X, Zwier T. Virtual Issue on Combustion Chemistry. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5995-5996. [PMID: 32698590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Gandhi M, Rajagopal D, Senthil Kumar A. Facile Electrochemical Demethylation of 2-Methoxyphenol to Surface-Confined Catechol on the MWCNT and Its Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrazine Oxidation and Sensing Applications. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:16208-16219. [PMID: 32656443 PMCID: PMC7346242 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its biological significance, preparation of stable surface-confined catechol (CA) is a long-standing interest in electrochemistry and surface chemistry. In this connection, various chemical approaches such as covalent immobilization (using amine- and carboxylate-functionalized CA, diazotization-based coupling, and Michael addition reaction), self-assembled monolayer on gold (thiol-functionalized CA is assembled on the gold surface), CA adsorption on the ad-layer of a defect-free single-crystal Pt surface, π-π bonding, CA pendant metal complexes, and CA-functionalized polymer-modified electrodes have been reported in the literature. In general, these conventional methods are involved with a series of time-consuming synthetic procedures. Indeed, the preparation of a surface-fouling-free surface-confined system is a challenging task. Herein, we introduce a new and facile approach based on electrochemical demethylation of 2-methoxyphenol as a precursor on the graphitic surface (MWCNT) at a bias potential, 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl in neutral pH solution. Such an electrochemical performance resulted in the development of a stable and well-defined redox peak at E o' = 0.15 (A2/C2) V vs Ag/AgCl within 10 min of preparation time in pH 7 phosphate buffer solution. Calculated surface excess (16.65 × 10-9 mol cm-2) is about 10-1000 times higher than the values reported with other preparation methods. The product (catechol) formed on the modified electrode was confirmed by collective electrochemical and physicochemical characterizations such as potential segment analysis, TEM, Raman, IR, UV-vis, GC-MS, and NMR spectroscopic techniques, and thin-layer chromatographic studies. The electrocatalytic efficiency of the surface-confined CA system was demonstrated by studying hydrazine oxidation and sensing reactions in a neutral pH solution. This new system is found to be tolerant to various interfering biochemicals such as uric acid, xanthine, hypoxanthine, glucose, nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, ascorbic acid, Cu2+, and Fe2+. Since the approach is simple, rapid, and reproducible, a variety of surface-confined CA systems can be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Gandhi
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology University, Vellore 632014, India
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Desikan Rajagopal
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology University, Vellore 632014, India
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore 632014, India
- Carbon
Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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17
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Fu Z, Shen Q, Yao C, Li R, Wu Y. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Guaiacol over Ni/La–Modified Hierarchical HZSM‐5. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zewu Fu
- MOE Engineering Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Qingru Shen
- MOE Engineering Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Chunli Yao
- MOE Engineering Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Rui Li
- MOE Engineering Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yulong Wu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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18
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Pratali Maffei L, Pelucchi M, Faravelli T, Cavallotti C. Theoretical study of sensitive reactions in phenol decomposition. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of phenol is of utmost importance in combustion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Pratali Maffei
- CRECK Modeling Lab
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering
- Politecnico di Milano
- Italy
| | - Matteo Pelucchi
- CRECK Modeling Lab
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering
- Politecnico di Milano
- Italy
| | - Tiziano Faravelli
- CRECK Modeling Lab
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering
- Politecnico di Milano
- Italy
| | - Carlo Cavallotti
- CRECK Modeling Lab
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering
- Politecnico di Milano
- Italy
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19
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Hafeez S, Aristodemou E, Manos G, Al-Salem SM, Constantinou A. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and reaction modelling study of bio-oil catalytic hydrodeoxygenation in microreactors. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00102c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was derived and validated in order to investigate the hydrodeoxygenation reaction of 4-propylguaiacol, which is a lignin-derived compound present in bio-oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Hafeez
- Division of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- School of Engineering
- London South Bank University
- London SE1 0AA
- UK
| | - Elsa Aristodemou
- Division of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- School of Engineering
- London South Bank University
- London SE1 0AA
- UK
| | - George Manos
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University College London
- London WCIE 7JE
- UK
| | - S. M. Al-Salem
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Centre
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
- Safat 13109
- Kuwait
| | - Achilleas Constantinou
- Division of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- School of Engineering
- London South Bank University
- London SE1 0AA
- UK
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20
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Poskrebyshev G. The CBS values of ΔfHo298.15 and So298.15 of the phenoxy radicals, formed by abstraction of H atom from the components of surrogate bio-oil. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Yerrayya A, Natarajan U, Vinu R. Fast pyrolysis of guaiacol to simple phenols: Experiments, theory and kinetic model. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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