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Simenas M, Gagor A, Banys J, Maczka M. Phase Transitions and Dynamics in Mixed Three- and Low-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2281-2326. [PMID: 38421808 PMCID: PMC10941198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites are extensively investigated as efficient solution-processable materials for photovoltaic applications. The greatest stability and performance of these compounds are achieved by mixing different ions at all three sites of the APbX3 structure. Despite the extensive use of mixed lead halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices, a detailed and systematic understanding of the mixing-induced effects on the structural and dynamic aspects of these materials is still lacking. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge on mixing effects on the structural phase transitions, crystal symmetry, cation and lattice dynamics, and phase diagrams of three- and low-dimensional lead halide perovskites. This review analyzes different mixing recipes and ingredients providing a comprehensive picture of mixing effects and their relation to the attractive properties of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Simenas
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anna Gagor
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Juras Banys
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Miroslaw Maczka
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
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2
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Zhou Y, van Laar SCW, Meggiolaro D, Gregori L, Martani S, Heng JY, Datta K, Jiménez-López J, Wang F, Wong EL, Poli I, Treglia A, Cortecchia D, Prato M, Kobera L, Gao F, Zhao N, Janssen RAJ, De Angelis F, Petrozza A. How Photogenerated I 2 Induces I-Rich Phase Formation in Lead Mixed Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305567. [PMID: 37722700 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Bandgap tunability of lead mixed halide perovskites (LMHPs) is a crucial characteristic for versatile optoelectronic applications. Nevertheless, LMHPs show the formation of iodide-rich (I-rich) phase under illumination, which destabilizes the semiconductor bandgap and impedes their exploitation. Here, it is shown that how I2 , photogenerated upon charge carrier trapping at iodine interstitials in LMHPs, can promote the formation of I-rich phase. I2 can react with bromide (Br- ) in the perovskite to form a trihalide ion I2 Br- (Iδ- -Iδ+ -Brδ- ), whose negatively charged iodide (Iδ- ) can further exchange with another lattice Br- to form the I-rich phase. Importantly, it is observed that the effectiveness of the process is dependent on the overall stability of the crystalline perovskite structure. Therefore, the bandgap instability in LMHPs is governed by two factors, i.e., the density of native defects leading to I2 production and the Br- binding strength within the crystalline unit. Eventually, this study provides rules for the design of chemical composition in LMHPs to reach their full potential for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Simone C W van Laar
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Meggiolaro
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
| | - Luca Gregori
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and INSTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
| | - Samuele Martani
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Jia-Yong Heng
- Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Kunal Datta
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Jiménez-López
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - E Laine Wong
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Isabella Poli
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Antonella Treglia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Ni Zhao
- Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and INSTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
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3
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Muscarella LA, Jöbsis HJ, Baumgartner B, Prins PT, Maaskant DN, Petukhov AV, Chernyshov D, McMonagle CJ, Hutter EM. Which Ion Dominates the Temperature and Pressure Response of Halide Perovskites and Elpasolites? J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9042-9051. [PMID: 37782281 PMCID: PMC10577787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites and elpasolites are key for optoelectronic applications due to their exceptional performance and adaptability. However, understanding their crucial elastic properties for synthesis and device operation remains limited. We performed temperature- and pressure-dependent synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction at low pressures (ambient to 0.06 GPa) to investigate their elastic properties in their ambient-pressure crystal structure. We found common trends in bulk modulus and thermal expansivity, with an increased halide ionic radius (Cl to Br to I) resulting in greater softness, higher compressibility, and thermal expansivity in both materials. The A cation has a minor effect, and mixed-halide compositions show intermediate properties. Notably, thermal phase transitions in MAPbI3 and CsPbCl3 induced lattice softening and negative expansivity for specific crystal axes, even at temperatures far from the transition point. These results emphasize the significance of considering temperature-dependent elastic properties, which can significantly impact device stability and performance during manufacturing or temperature sweeps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreta A. Muscarella
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huygen J. Jöbsis
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bettina Baumgartner
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P. Tim Prins
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D. Nicolette Maaskant
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei V. Petukhov
- Physical
and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science,
Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Chernyshov
- Swiss−Norwegian
Beamlines, European Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, 71 Avenue des
Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Charles J. McMonagle
- Swiss−Norwegian
Beamlines, European Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, 71 Avenue des
Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eline M. Hutter
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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4
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Liu Y, Banon JP, Frohna K, Chiang YH, Tumen-Ulzii G, Stranks SD, Filoche M, Friend RH. The Electronic Disorder Landscape of Mixed Halide Perovskites. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2023; 8:250-258. [PMID: 36660372 PMCID: PMC9841609 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Band gap tunability of lead mixed halide perovskites makes them promising candidates for various applications in optoelectronics. Here we use the localization landscape theory to reveal that the static disorder due to iodide:bromide compositional alloying contributes at most 3 meV to the Urbach energy. Our modeling reveals that the reason for this small contribution is due to the small effective masses in perovskites, resulting in a natural length scale of around 20 nm for the "effective confining potential" for electrons and holes, with short-range potential fluctuations smoothed out. The increase in Urbach energy across the compositional range agrees well with our optical absorption measurements. We model systems of sizes up to 80 nm in three dimensions, allowing us to accurately reproduce the experimentally observed absorption spectra of perovskites with halide segregation. Our results suggest that we should look beyond static contribution and focus on the dynamic temperature dependent contribution to the Urbach energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Philippe Banon
- Laboratoire
de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique
de Paris, 91120Palaiseau, France
| | - Kyle Frohna
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Hsien Chiang
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ganbaatar Tumen-Ulzii
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel D. Stranks
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel Filoche
- Laboratoire
de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique
de Paris, 91120Palaiseau, France
- Institut
Langevin, ESPCI Paris, Université
PSL, CNRS, 75005Paris, France
| | - Richard H. Friend
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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5
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Mazurin M, Shelestova A, Tsvetkov D, Sereda V, Ivanov I, Malyshkin D, Zuev A. Thermochemical Study of CH 3NH 3Pb(Cl 1-xBr x) 3 Solid Solutions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7675. [PMID: 36363267 PMCID: PMC9657867 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite halides, and, in particular, their mixed halide solid solutions, belong to a broad class of materials which appear promising for a wide range of potential applications in various optoelectronic devices. However, these materials are notorious for their stability issues, including their sensitivity to atmospheric oxygen and moisture as well as phase separation under illumination. The thermodynamic properties, such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of mixing, of perovskite halide solid solutions are strongly required to shed some light on their stability. Herein, we report the results of an experimental thermochemical study of the CH3NH3Pb(Cl1-xBrx)3 mixed halides by solution calorimetry. Combining these results with molecular dynamics simulation revealed the complex and irregular shape of the compositional dependence of the mixing enthalpy to be the result of a complex interplay between the local lattice strain, hydrogen bonds, and energetics of these solid solutions.
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