1
|
Franceschi G, Brandstetter S, Balajka J, Sokolović I, Pavelec J, Setvín M, Schmid M, Diebold U. Interaction of surface cations of cleaved mica with water in vapor and liquid forms. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:84-97. [PMID: 37791454 PMCID: PMC10845011 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Natural minerals contain ions that become hydrated when they come into contact with water in vapor and liquid forms. Muscovite mica - a common phyllosilicate with perfect cleavage planes - is an ideal system to investigate the details of ion hydration. The cleaved mica surface is decorated by an array of K+ ions that can be easily exchanged with other ions or protons when immersed in an aqueous solution. Despite the vast interest in the atomic-scale hydration processes of these K+ ions, experimental data under controlled conditions have remained elusive. Here, atomically resolved non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) is combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the cation hydration upon dosing water vapor at 100 K in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The cleaved surface is further exposed to ultra-clean liquid water at room temperature, which promotes ion mobility and partial ion-to-proton substitution. The results offer the first direct experimental views of the interaction of water with muscovite mica under UHV. The findings are in line with previous theoretical predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Franceschi
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Sebastian Brandstetter
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Jan Balajka
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Igor Sokolović
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Jiří Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Martin Setvín
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University in Prague, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sassi M, Rosso KM. First principles simulations of MgO(100) surface hydration at ambient conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2269-2276. [PMID: 38165646 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Developing a better understanding of water ordering and hydroxylation at oxide mineral surfaces is important across a breath of application spaces. Recent vibrational sum frequency generation (vSFG) measurements on MgO(100) surfaces at ambient conditions showed that water dissociates and hydroxylates the surface yielding a non-hydrogen bonded hydroxyl species. Starting from previously determined water hydroxylation patterns on MgO(100), we performed ab initio thermodynamic calculations and vibrational analysis to compare with the vSFG observations. At ambient conditions (i.e., T = 298.15 K and pH2O = 32 mbar), the most thermodynamically favorable surface hydroxylation is found to be p(3 × 2) - 8H2O, involving a dissociation of 25% of the adsorbed water. Analysis of the vibrational density of states for this hydroxylation configuration yielded three different hydrogen bonding environments with the frequency of the peaks in very good agreement with the vSFG measurements. However, the non-H-bonded spectral feature on this surface is predicted to be similar to that expected for Mg(OH)2, a thermodynamically downhill alteration of the surface that must be independently ruled out before one can be fully confident in the apparent theory/vSFG agreement. Our study provides more insights into the ordering and structure of water monolayer at MgO(100) surface at ambient conditions and completes previous theoretical and experimental analysis performed at low temperature and ultra-high vacuum conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Sassi
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bracco JN, Camacho Meneses G, Colón O, Yuan K, Stubbs JE, Eng PJ, Wanhala AK, Einkauf JD, Boebinger MG, Stack AG, Weber J. Reaction Layer Formation on MgO in the Presence of Humidity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:712-722. [PMID: 38157368 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mineralization by MgO is an attractive potential strategy for direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 due to its tendency to form carbonate phases upon exposure to water and CO2. Hydration of MgO during this process is typically assumed to not be rate limiting, even at ambient temperatures. However, surface passivation by hydrated phases likely reduces the CO2 capture capacity. Here, we examine the initial hydration reactions that occur on MgO(100) surfaces to determine whether they could potentially impact CO2 uptake. We first used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to explore changes in reaction layers in water (pH = 6 and 12) and MgO-saturated solution (pH = 11) and found the reaction layers on MgO are heterogeneous and nonuniform. To determine how relative humidity (R.H.) affects reactivity, we reacted samples at room temperature in nominally dry N2 (∼11-12% R.H.) for up to 12 h, in humid (>95% R.H.) N2 for 5, 10, and 15 min, and in air at 33 and 75% R.H. for 8 days. X-ray reflectivity and electron microscopy analysis of the samples reveal that hydrated phases form rapidly upon exposure to humid air, but the growth of the hydrated reaction layer slows after its initial formation. Reaction layer thickness is strongly correlated with R.H., with denser reaction layers forming in 75% R.H. compared with 33% R.H. or nominally dry N2. The reaction layers are likely amorphous or poorly crystalline based on grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements. After exposure to 75% R.H. in air for 8 days, the reaction layer increases in density as compared to the sample reacted in humid N2 for 5-15 min. This may represent an initial step toward the crystallization of the reaction layer. Overall, high R.H. favors the formation of a hydrated, disordered layer on MgO. Based on our results, DAC in a location with a higher R.H. will be favorable, but growth may slow significantly from initial rates even on short timescales, presumably due to surface passivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn N Bracco
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016-4309, United States
| | - Gabriela Camacho Meneses
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
| | - Omar Colón
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
| | - Ke Yuan
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Joanne E Stubbs
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Peter J Eng
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Anna K Wanhala
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Einkauf
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthew G Boebinger
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Juliane Weber
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li B, Chen H, Feng J, Ma Q, Chen J, Ren B, Yin S, Jiang P. First Principles Calculation of Adsorption of Water on MgO (100) Plane. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2100. [PMID: 36903215 PMCID: PMC10003884 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The hydration reaction seriously affects the quality and performance of MgO-based products. The final analysis showed that the problem is the surface hydration of MgO. By studying the adsorption and reaction of water molecules on the surface of MgO, we can understand the nature of the problem from the root cause. In this paper, first-principles calculations are performed on the crystal plane of MgO (100) to study the influence of the different orientation, sites and coverage of water molecules on the surface adsorption. The results show that the adsorption sites and orientations of monomolecular water has no effect on the adsorption energy and adsorption configuration. The adsorption of monomolecular water is unstable, with almost no charge transfer, belonging to the physical adsorption, which implies that the adsorption of monomolecular water on MgO (100) plane will not lead to the dissociation of water molecule. When the coverage of water molecules exceeds 1, water molecules will dissociate, and the population value between Mg and Os-H will increase, leading to the formation of ionic bond. The density of states of O p orbital electrons changes greatly, which plays an important role in surface dissociation and stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongqiang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jisheng Feng
- Zibo City Luzhong Refractory Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
| | - Qiao Ma
- Zibo City Luzhong Refractory Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China
| | - Junhong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shu Yin
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Peng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu Y, Zheng F, Lan Q, Schnedler M, Ebert P, Dunin-Borkowski RE. Counting Point Defects at Nanoparticle Surfaces by Electron Holography. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6936-6941. [PMID: 36041122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles exhibit outstanding catalytic properties, believed to be related to the presence of oxygen vacancies at the particle's surface. However, little quantitative information is known about concentrations of point defects inside and at surfaces of these nanoparticles, due to the challenges in achieving an atomically resolved experimental access. By employing off-axis electron holography, we demonstrate, using MgO nanoparticles as an example, a methodology that discriminates between mobile charge induced by electron beam irradiation and immobile charge associated with deep traps induced by point defects as well as distinguishes between bulk and surface point defects. Counting the immobile charge provides a quantification of the concentration of F2+ centers induced by oxygen vacancies at the MgO nanocube surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Beijing Key Lab and Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fengshan Zheng
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Qianqian Lan
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Schnedler
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Philipp Ebert
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rafal E Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C 1) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tavani F, Busato M, Braglia L, Mauri S, Torelli P, D’Angelo P. Caught while Dissolving: Revealing the Interfacial Solvation of the Mg 2+ Ions on the MgO Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38370-38378. [PMID: 35968677 PMCID: PMC9412945 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces between water and materials are ubiquitous and are crucial in materials sciences and in biology, where investigating the interaction of water with the surface under ambient conditions is key to shedding light on the main processes occurring at the interface. Magnesium oxide is a popular model system to study the metal oxide-water interface, where, for sufficient water loadings, theoretical models have suggested that reconstructed surfaces involving hydrated Mg2+ metal ions may be energetically favored. In this work, by combining experimental and theoretical surface-selective ambient pressure X-ray absorption spectroscopy with multivariate curve resolution and molecular dynamics, we evidence in real time the occurrence of Mg2+ solvation at the interphase between MgO and solvating media such as water and methanol (MeOH). Further, we show that the Mg2+ surface ions undergo a reversible solvation process, we prove the dissolution/redeposition of the Mg2+ ions belonging to the MgO surface, and we demonstrate the formation of octahedral [Mg(H2O)6]2+ and [Mg(MeOH)6]2+ intermediate solvated species. The unique surface, electronic, and structural sensitivity of the developed technique may be beneficial to access often elusive properties of low-Z metal ion intermediates involved in interfacial processes of chemical and biological interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tavani
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Roma “La
Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Matteo Busato
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Roma “La
Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Braglia
- CNR
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Mauri
- CNR
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Università di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Piero Torelli
- CNR
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola D’Angelo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Roma “La
Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gao Y, Dong L, Huang L, Huang Z, Li F, Zhang H, Zhang S. A First-Principles Study on the Hydration Behavior of (MgO)n Clusters and the Effect Mechanism of Anti-Hydration Agents. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103521. [PMID: 35629547 PMCID: PMC9146619 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesia-based refractory is widely used in high-temperature industries; its easy hydration is, however, a key concern in refractory processing. Understanding the hydration mechanism of MgO will help in solving its hydration problem. Herein, the hydration behavior of (MgO)n (n = 1–6) at the molecular level and the effect mechanisms of several anti-hydration agents on the hydration of (MgO)4 were investigated with first-principles calculations. The results indicated that the following: (1) The smaller the (MgO)n cluster size, the more favorable the hydration of MgO and the tendency to convert into Mg(OH)2 crystal; (2) Anti-hydration agents can coordinate with the unsaturated Mg atom of (MgO)4 to form a bond, increasing the coordination number of Mg, thus reducing its activity when reacting with H2O; (3) The greater the number of −COOH groups and the longer the chain length in the anti-hydration agents, the better its effect of inhibiting the hydration of MgO. These findings could enhance the understanding of the mechanism of hydration of MgO and provide theoretical guidance for the design of novel anti-hydration agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Long Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Liang Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhong Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Faliang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Haijun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Z.H.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Shaowei Zhang
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zare S, Qomi MJA. Reactive force fields for aqueous and interfacial magnesium carbonate formation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23106-23123. [PMID: 34617078 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02627e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We develop Mg/C/O/H ReaxFF parameter sets for two environments: an aqueous force field for magnesium ions in solution and an interfacial force field for minerals and mineral-water interfaces. Since magnesium is highly ionic, we choose to fix the magnesium charge and model its interaction with C/O/H through Coulomb, Lennard-Jones, and Buckingham potentials. We parameterize the forcefields against several crystal structures, including brucite, magnesite, magnesia, magnesium hydride, and magnesium carbide, as well as Mg2+ water binding energies for the aqueous forcefield. Then, we test the forcefield for other magnesium-containing crystals, solvent separated and contact ion-pairs and single-molecule/multilayer water adsorption energies on mineral surfaces. We also apply the forcefield to the forsterite-water and brucite-water interface that contains a bicarbonate ion. We observe that a long-range proton transfer mechanism deprotonates the bicarbonate ion to carbonate at the interface. Free energy calculations show that carbonate can attach to the magnesium surface with an energy barrier of about 0.22 eV, consistent with the free energy required for aqueous Mg-CO3 ion pairing. Also, the diffusion constant of the hydroxide ions in the water layers formed on the forsterite surface are shown to be anisotropic and heterogeneous. These findings can help explain the experimentally observed fast nucleation and growth of magnesite at low temperature at the mineral-water-CO2 interface in water-poor conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Zare
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thomele D, Baumann SO, Schneider J, Sternig AK, Shulda S, Richards RM, Schwab T, Zickler GA, Bourret GR, Diwald O. Cubes to Cubes: Organization of MgO Particles into One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Nanostructures. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:4674-4682. [PMID: 34381312 PMCID: PMC8343528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Developing simple, inexpensive, and environmentally benign approaches to integrate morphologically well-defined nanoscale building blocks into larger high surface area materials is a key challenge in materials design and processing. In this work, we investigate the fundamental surface phenomena between MgO and water (both adsorption and desorption) with particles prepared via a vapor-phase process (MgO nanocubes) and a modified aerogel process (MgO(111) nanosheets). Through these studies, we unravel a strategy to assemble individual MgO nanoparticles into extended faceted single-crystalline MgO nanosheets and nanorods with well-defined exposed surfaces and edges. This reorganization can be triggered by the presence of H2O vapor or bulk liquid water. Water adsorption and the progressive conversion of vapor-phase grown oxide particles into hydroxides give rise to either one-dimensional or two-dimensional (1D or 2D) structures of high dispersion and surface area. The resulting Mg(OH)2 lamella with a predominant (001) surface termination are well-suited precursor structures for their topotactic conversion into laterally extended and uniform MgO(111) grain surface configurations. To understand the potential of polar (111) surfaces for faceting and surface reconstruction effects associated with water desorption, we investigated the stability of MgO(111) nanosheets during vacuum annealing and electron beam exposure. The significant surface reconstruction of the MgO(111) surfaces observed shows that adsorbate-free (111)-terminated surfaces of unsupported MgO nanostructures reconstruct rather than remain as charged planes of either three-fold coordinated O2- ion or Mg2+ ions. Thus, here we demonstrate the role water can play in surface formation and reconstruction by bridging wet chemical and surface science inspired approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Thomele
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
- Institute
of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Stefan O. Baumann
- Institute
of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Johannes Schneider
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
- Institute
of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Andreas K. Sternig
- Institute
of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Sarah Shulda
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ryan M. Richards
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Thomas Schwab
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Gregor A. Zickler
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Gilles R. Bourret
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Oliver Diwald
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron
University Salzburg, Jakob Haringerstrasse 2a, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Seifert J, Carey SJ, Schauermann S, Shaikhutdinov S, Freund HJ. Water and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on CaO(001) Studied via Single Crystal Adsorption Calorimetry. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractA new method to analyze microcalorimetry data was employed to study the adsorption energies and sticking probabilities of D2O and CO2 on CaO(001) at several temperatures. This method deconvolutes the line shapes of the heat detector response into an instrument response function and exponential decay functions, which correspond to the desorption of distinct surface species. This allows for a thorough analysis of the adsorption, dissociation, and desorption processes that occur during our microcalorimetry experiments. Our microcalorimetry results, show that D2O adsorbs initially with an adsorption energy of 85–90 kJ/mol at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 K, consistent with prior spectroscopic studies that indicate dissociation. This adsorption energy decreases with increasing coverage until either D2O multilayers are formed at low temperatures (120 K) or the surface is saturated (> 150 K). Artificially producing defects on the surface by sputtering prior to dosing D2O sharply increases this adsorption energy, but these defects may be healed after annealing the surface to 1300 K. CO2 adsorbs on CaO(001) with an initial adsorption energy of ~ 125 kJ/mol, and decreases until the saturation coverage is reached, which is a function of surface temperature. The results showed that pre-adsorbed water blocks adsorption sites, lowers the saturation coverage, and lowers the measured adsorption energy of CO2. The calorimetry data further adds to our understanding of D2O and CO2 adsorption on oxide surfaces.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
We investigate the solvation structure of flat and stepped MgO(001) in neutral liquid water using ab initio molecular dynamics based on a hybrid density functional with dispersion corrections. Our simulations show that the MgO surface is covered by a densely packed layer of mixed intact and dissociated adsorbed water molecules in a planar arrangement with strong intermolecular H-bonds. The water dissociation fractions in this layer are >20% and >30% on the flat and stepped surfaces, respectively. Slightly above the first water layer, we observe metastable OH groups perpendicular to the interface, similar to those reported in low temperature studies of water monolayers on MgO. These species receive hydrogen bonds from four nearby water molecules in the first layer and have their hydrophobic H end directed toward bulk water, while their associated protons are bound to surface oxygens. The formation of these OH species is attributed to the strong basicity of the MgO surface and can be relevant for understanding various phenomena from morphology evolution and growth of (nano)crystalline MgO particles to heterogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhutian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Annabella Selloni
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
On the early stages of localised atmospheric corrosion of magnesium-aluminium alloys. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20972. [PMID: 33262431 PMCID: PMC7708496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface film on pure magnesium and two aluminium-containing magnesium alloys was characterised after 96 h at 95% RH and 22 °C. The concentration of CO2 was carefully controlled to be either 0 or 400 ppm. The exposed samples were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. The results showed that when the alloys were exposed to the CO2-containing environment, aluminium cations (Al3+) was incorporated into a layered surface film comprising a partially “hydrated” MgO layer followed by Mg(OH)2, and magnesium hydroxy carbonates. The results indicated that aluminium-containing magnesium alloys exhibited considerably less localised corrosion in humid air than pure magnesium. Localised corrosion in the materials under investigation was attributed to film thinning by a dissolution/precipitation mechanism.
Collapse
|
13
|
Alessio M, Usvyat D, Sauer J. Chemically Accurate Adsorption Energies: CO and H2O on the MgO(001) Surface. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 15:1329-1344. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Alessio
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Usvyat
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Thomele D, Gheisi AR, Niedermaier M, Elsässer MS, Bernardi J, Grönbeck H, Diwald O. Thin water films and particle morphology evolution in nanocrystalline MgO. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY. AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY 2018; 101:4994-5003. [PMID: 30333631 PMCID: PMC6175089 DOI: 10.1111/jace.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A key question in the field of ceramics and catalysis is how and to what extent residual water in the reactive environment of a metal oxide particle powder affects particle coarsening and morphology. With X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), we investigated annealing-induced morphology changes on powders of MgO nanocubes in different gaseous H2O environments. The use of such a model system for particle powders enabled us to describe how adsorbed water that originates from short exposure to air determines the evolution of MgO grain size, morphology, and microstructure. While cubic nanoparticles with a predominant abundance of (100) surface planes retain their shape after annealing to T = 1173 K under continuous pumping with a base pressure of water p(H2O) = 10-5 mbar, higher water partial pressures promote mass transport on the surfaces and across interfaces of such particle systems. This leads to substantial growth and intergrowth of particles and simultaneously favors the formation of step edges and shallow protrusions on terraces. The mass transfer is promoted by thin films of water providing a two-dimensional solvent for Mg2+ ion hydration. In addition, we obtained direct evidence for hydroxylation-induced stabilization of (110) faces and step edges of the grain surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Thomele
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsParis‐Lodron University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Amir R. Gheisi
- Institute of Particle TechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Matthias Niedermaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsParis‐Lodron University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Michael S. Elsässer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsParis‐Lodron University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron MicroscopyTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- Department of Physics and Competence Centre for CatalysisChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| | - Oliver Diwald
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsParis‐Lodron University SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang T, Hou C, Ge K, Lackner KS, Shi X, Liu J, Fang M, Luo Z. Spontaneous Cooling Absorption of CO 2 by a Polymeric Ionic Liquid for Direct Air Capture. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3986-3990. [PMID: 28797165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A polymeric ionic liquid (PIL), with quaternary ammonium ions attached to the polymer matrix, displays CO2 affinity controlled by moisture. This finding led to the development of moisture swing absorption (MSA) for direct air capture of CO2. This work aims to elucidate the role of water in MSA. For some humidity range, CO2 absorption is an endothermic process associated with concurrent dehydration of the sorbent. The thermodynamic behavior of water indicates a decreased hydrophilicity of the PIL as the mobile anion transforms from CO32- to HCO3- during CO2 absorption. The decrease in hydrophilicity drives water out of the PIL, carrying heat away. The mechanism is elucidated by molecular modeling based on density functional theory. The finding of spontaneous cooling during absorption and its mechanism in the PIL opens new possibilities for designing an air capture sorbent with a strong CO2 affinity but low absorption heat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Chenglong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Kun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Klaus S Lackner
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-9309, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-9309, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Mengxiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Zhongyang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kebede GG, Spångberg D, Mitev PD, Broqvist P, Hermansson K. Comparing van der Waals DFT methods for water on NaCl(001) and MgO(001). J Chem Phys 2017; 146:064703. [PMID: 28201901 DOI: 10.1063/1.4971790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a range of van der Waals type density functionals are applied to the H2O/NaCl(001) and H2O/MgO(001) interface systems to explore the effect of an explicit dispersion treatment. The functionals we use are the self-consistent vdW functionals vdW-DF, vdW-DF2, optPBE-vdW, optB88-vdW, optB86b-vdW, and vdW-DF-cx, as well as the dispersion-corrected PBE-TS and PBE-D2 methods; they are all compared with the standard PBE functional. For both NaCl(001) and MgO(001), we find that the dispersion-flavoured functionals stabilize the water-surface interface by approximately 20%-40% compared to the PBE results. For NaCl(001), where the water molecules remain intact for all overlayers, the dominant contribution to the adsorption energy from "density functional theory dispersion" stems from the water-surface interactions rather than the water-water interactions. The optPBE-vdW and vdW-DF-cx functionals yield adsorption energies in good agreement with available experimental values for both NaCl and MgO. To probe the strengths of the perturbations of the adsorbed water molecules, we also calculated water dipole moments and found an increase up to 85% for water at the MgO(001) surface and 70% at the NaCl(001) surface, compared to the gas-phase dipole moment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Getachew G Kebede
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Spångberg
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pavlin D Mitev
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Broqvist
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kersti Hermansson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang L, Sit PHL. Ab initio static and dynamic study of CH3NH3PbI3 degradation in the presence of water, hydroxyl radicals, and hydroxide ions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations are combined with the ab initio molecular dynamics and nudged elastic band techniques to unveil the microscopic details of CH3NH3PbI3 degradation in the presence of water, hydroxyl radicals, and hydroxide ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linghai Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Patrick H.-L. Sit
- School of Energy and Environment
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Laporte S, Finocchi F, Paulatto L, Blanchard M, Balan E, Guyot F, Saitta AM. Strong electric fields at a prototypical oxide/water interface probed by ab initio molecular dynamics: MgO(001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:20382-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a density-functional theory (DFT)-based study of the interface of bulk water with a prototypical oxide surface, MgO(001), and focus our study on the often-overlooked surface electric field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Laporte
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| | - Fabio Finocchi
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- UMR 7588
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris
| | - Lorenzo Paulatto
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| | - Marc Blanchard
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| | - Etienne Balan
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| | - François Guyot
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| | - Antonino Marco Saitta
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- CNRS
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
- IRD
| |
Collapse
|