1
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Nodaraki L, Ariciu AM, Huh DN, Liu J, Martins DOTA, Ortu F, Winpenny REP, Chilton NF, McInnes EJL, Mills DP, Evans WJ, Tuna F. Ligand Effects on the Spin Relaxation Dynamics and Coherent Manipulation of Organometallic La(II) Potential Qu dits. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15000-15009. [PMID: 38787801 PMCID: PMC11157535 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
We present pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies on three La(II) complexes, [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][La(Cp')3] (1), [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][La(Cp″)3] (2), and [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][La(Cptt)3] (3), which feature cyclopentadienyl derivatives as ligands [Cp' = C5H4SiMe3; Cp″ = C5H3(SiMe3)2; Cptt = C5H3(CMe3)2] and display a C3 symmetry. Long spin-lattice relaxation (T1) and phase memory (Tm) times are observed for all three compounds, but with significant variation in T1 among 1-3, with 3 being the slowest relaxing due to higher s-character of the SOMO. The dephasing times can be extended by more than an order of magnitude via dynamical decoupling experiments using a Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequence, reaching 161 μs (5 K) for 3. Coherent spin manipulation is performed by the observation of Rabi quantum oscillations up to 80 K in this nuclear spin-rich environment (1H, 13C, and 29Si). The high nuclear spin of 139La (I = 7/2), and the ability to coherently manipulate all eight hyperfine transitions, makes these molecules promising candidates for application as qudits (multilevel quantum systems featuring d quantum states; d >2) for performing quantum operations within a single molecule. Application of HYSCORE techniques allows us to quantify the electron spin density at ligand nuclei and interrogate the role of functional groups to the electron spin relaxation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia
E. Nodaraki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ana-Maria Ariciu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Daniel N. Huh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
of America
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
of America
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Daniel O. T. A. Martins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | | | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra 2617, Australia
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - William J. Evans
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
of America
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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2
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Nath M, Joshi S, Mishra S. Ab initio calculation of magnetic anisotropy and thermal spin transition in the variable temperature crystal conformations of [Co(terpy) 2] 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15405-15416. [PMID: 38747204 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00591k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The structure-property correlation of [Co(terpy)2]2+, which shows a spin crossover at 270 K, has been computationally investigated based on its variable temperature crystal structures. Among the employed DFT functionals, only the re-parametrized hybrid B3LYP* functional could describe the correct spin transition temperature. Explicit consideration of metal-ligand sigma bonding with dynamic electron correlation is found to be necessary for an accurate determination of the SCO temperature with multi-reference calculations. The metal-ligand axial bond distances are found to be the most significant internal coordinates in deciding SCO. A small structural change along the axial distance causes a change in the t2g orbital splitting pattern and a reorientation of the magnetization axes at the SCO temperature. The complex shows an unusual triaxial magnetic anisotropy, with an easy axis of magnetization developing at higher temperatures. The strong coupling of low-frequency wagging motion of the two terpyridine ligands with the spin states of the complex provides an effective pathway for the relaxation of magnetization, resulting in a small magnetic anisotropy barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moromi Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Shalini Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
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3
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Dey S, Sharma T, Rajaraman G. Unravelling the role of spin-vibrational coupling in designing high-performance pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single ion magnets. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6465-6477. [PMID: 38699254 PMCID: PMC11062094 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00823e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
At the cutting edge of high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs) lie lanthanide-based complexes, renowned for their potent magnetic anisotropy. SMMs containing one metal centre are defined as single-ion magnets (SIMs). The performance of SMMs is measured generally via the barrier height for magnetisation reversal (Ueff) and blocking temperature (TB), below which the magnetisation is fully frozen. To enhance the Ueff and TB values in lanthanide-based SMMs, the static crystal field splitting of mJ levels has been effectively adjusted through ligand design, leveraging the oblate/prolate ground state 4f electron density shape. However, the maximum fine-tuning achievable through ligand design, known as the axial limit, has already been reached in this class of compounds. This necessitates new design principles to enhance SMM characteristics to better suit end-user applications. Among other avenues that can be explored to improve SMM characteristics, a deeper understanding of spin-phonon coupling is critical to advancing TB values. However, there are only a handful of examples where this has been deciphered. In this work, using a combination of DFT and ab initio CASSCF calculations, we have performed spin-phonon calculations on five classes of pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) SIMs exhibiting TB values in the range of 4.5 K to 36 K ([Dy(bbpen)Br] (1, H2bbpen = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)ethylenediamine), [Dy(OCMe3)Br(THF)5][BPh4] (2) [Dy(OSiMe3)Br(THF)5] [BPh4] (3), [Dy(LN5)(Ph3SiO)2](BPh4)·CH2Cl2 (4) and [L2Dy(H2O)5][I]3·L2·H2O (5, L = tBuPO(NHiPr)2)). Unlike the method employed elsewhere for the calculation of spin-phonon coupling, in this work, we have employed a set of criteria and intuitively selected vibrational modes to perform the spin-phonon coupling analysis. The approach provided here not only reduces the computational cost significantly but also suggests chemical intuition to improve the performance of this class of compounds. Our calculations reveal that low-energy vibrational modes govern the magnetisation relaxation in these SIMs. A flexible first coordination sphere found on some of the complexes was found to be responsible for low-energy vibrations that flip the magnetisation, reducing the TB values drastically (complexes 2 and 3). On the other hand, a rigid first coordination sphere and a stiff ligand framework move the spin-vibrational coupling that causes the relaxation to lie beyond the secondary coordination sphere, resulting in an increase in TB values. Our calculations also reveal that not only the atoms in the first coordination sphere but also those in the secondary coordination sphere affect the performance of the SMMs. Learning from this exercise, we have undertaken several in silico models based on these vibrations to improve the TB values. Some of these predictions were correlated with literature precedents, offering confidence in the methodology employed. To this end, our comprehensive investigation, involving twenty-three molecules/models and five sets of geometries for pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single-ion magnets (SIMs), unveils a treasure trove of chemically sound design clues, poised to enhance the TB values in this fascinating molecular realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
| | - Tanu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
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4
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Yao MX, Gao YQ, An ZW, Zhu DM. The effect of magnetic coupling along the magnetic axis on slow magnetic relaxation in Dy III complexes with D5h configuration based on an aggregation-induced-emission-active ligand. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5133-5146. [PMID: 38380458 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04257j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The adjustment of crystal symmetry and intramolecular magnetic coupling is of great importance for the construction of high-performance single-molecule magnets. By using an aggregation-induced-emission-active pyridine-carbohydrazone-based Schiff base ligand and phosphine oxides, four dinuclear and one one-dimensional DyIII-based complexes, [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Bu3PO)2Cl2]·2CH3CN·2H2O (1), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Cy3PO)2Cl2] (2), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(MePA)2Cl2]·2CH3OH (3), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Ph3PO)2Cl2]2 (4) and [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(DPPO)Cl2]n (5) (H2TPE-pc = (E)-N'-(2-hydroxy-5-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzylidene)picolinohydrazide, MePA = N-phenyl-N',N''-bis(morpholinyl) phosphoric triamide, DPPO = piperazine-1,4-diylbis(diphenyl phosphine oxide)), were isolated. All complexes are made up of an enol oxygen-bridged Dy2 unit, where DyIII ions possess a pentagonal bipyramidal geometry with pseudo D5h symmetry. Magnetic measurements reveal that intramolecular DyIII-DyIII couplings are ferromagnetic and all complexes display a significant slow magnetic relaxation phenomenon below 30 K under a zero dc field. Ab initio calculations indicate that the anisotropic magnetic axes of all DyIII ions are approximately perpendicular to the higher-order symmetric axes in all complexes, and that DyIII-DyIII magnetic couplings along the magnetic axes effectively suppress the ground state quantum tunneling effect of magnetization and promote the occurrence of slow magnetic relaxation. Raman relaxation prevails in all complexes. In addition, the H2TPE-pc ligand shows an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect; however, all complexes exhibit an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Xia Yao
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong-Wu An
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Dong-Mei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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5
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Hand AT, Watson-Sanders BD, Xue ZL. Spectroscopic techniques to probe magnetic anisotropy and spin-phonon coupling in metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4390-4405. [PMID: 38380640 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03609j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Magnetism of molecular quantum materials such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has been actively studied for potential applications in the new generation of high-density data storage using SMMs and quantum information science. Magnetic anisotropy and spin-phonon coupling are two key properties of d- and f-metal complexes. Here, phonons refer to both intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations. Direct determination of magnetic anisotropy and experimental studies of spin-phonon coupling are critical to the understanding of molecular magnetism. This article discusses our recent approach in using three complementary techniques, far-IR and Raman magneto-spectroscopies (FIRMS and RaMS, respectively) and inelastic neutron scatterings (INS), to determine magnetic excited states. Spin-phonon couplings are observed in FIRMS and RaMS. DFT phonon calculations give energies and symmetries of phonons as well as calculated INS spectra which help identify magnetic peaks in experimental INS spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
| | | | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
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6
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Kazmierczak NP, Lopez NE, Luedecke KM, Hadt RG. Determining the key vibrations for spin relaxation in ruffled Cu(ii) porphyrins via resonance Raman spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2380-2390. [PMID: 38362417 PMCID: PMC10866354 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05774g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pinpointing vibrational mode contributions to electron spin relaxation (T1) constitutes a key goal for developing molecular quantum bits (qubits) with long room-temperature coherence times. However, there remains no consensus to date as to the energy and symmetry of the relevant modes that drive relaxation. Here, we analyze a series of three geometrically-tunable S = ½ Cu(ii) porphyrins with varying degrees of ruffling distortion in the ground state. Theoretical calculations predict that increased distortion should activate low-energy ruffling modes (∼50 cm-1) for spin-phonon coupling, thereby causing faster spin relaxation in distorted porphyrins. However, experimental T1 times do not follow the degree of ruffling, with the highly distorted copper tetraisopropylporphyrin (CuTiPP) even displaying room-temperature coherence. Local mode fitting indicates that the true vibrations dominating T1 lie in the energy regime of bond stretches (∼200-300 cm-1), which are comparatively insensitive to the degree of ruffling. We employ resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy to determine vibrational modes possessing both the correct energy and symmetry to drive spin-phonon coupling. The rR spectra uncover a set of mixed symmetric stretch vibrations from 200-250 cm-1 that explain the trends in temperature-dependent T1. These results indicate that molecular spin-phonon coupling models systematically overestimate the contribution of ultra-low-energy distortion modes to T1, pointing out a key deficiency of existing theory. Furthermore, this work highlights the untapped power of rR spectroscopy as a tool for building spin dynamics structure-property relationships in molecular quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael P Kazmierczak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA
| | - Nathan E Lopez
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA
| | - Kaitlin M Luedecke
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA
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7
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Bonnenfant C, Vadra N, Rouzières M, Clérac R, Cukiernik FD, Alborés P. Alkyl chain length influence of the functionalized diethanolamine ligand on the slow relaxation of the magnetization in {CoIII3DyIII3} complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2815-2825. [PMID: 38230564 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties of a series of Co(III)/Dy(III) complexes built up from an N-alkyl derivatized amino-alcohol ligand diethanolamine, functionalized with CnH2n+1 alkyl chains (n = 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10). While n = 3 afforded a butterfly {CoIII2DyIII2} core, the other alkyl chains (n = 4, 6, 8) afforded hexanuclear triangle-in-triangle {CoIII3DyIII3} complexes as shown by single-crystal X-ray determinations. Infrared spectroscopy allows us to characterize the C10 derivative complex, which did not crystallize. Magnetic ac susceptibility data collected below 10 K at driving frequencies up to 10 kHz under zero-dc field and up to 1 T provide insight into the SMM behaviour of the studied complexes. The characteristic time of the magnetization dynamics can be understood in terms of the competing Raman, Direct and Orbach-like mechanisms. A relationship between the magnetization dynamics within the family of complexes and the increasing alkyl chain length is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloë Bonnenfant
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- On leave from Ecole Européene d'Ingénieurs de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Nahir Vadra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Fabio D Cukiernik
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pablo Alborés
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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8
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Yamabayashi T, Horii Y, Li ZY, Yamashita M. Magnetic Relaxations of Chromium Nitride Porphyrinato Complexes Driven by the Anisotropic g-Factor. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303082. [PMID: 37880199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecule-based magnetic materials are useful candidates as the spin qubit due to their long coherence time and high designability. The anisotropy of the g-values of the metal complexes can be utilized to access the individual spin of the metal complexes, making it possible to achieve the scalable molecular spin qubit. For this goal, it is important to evaluate the effect of g-value anisotropy on the magnetic relaxation behaviour. This study reports the slow magnetic relaxation behaviour of chromium nitride (CrN2+ ) porphyrinato complex (1), which is structurally and magnetically similar with the vanadyl (VO2+ ) porphyrinato complex (2) which is known as the excellent spin qubit. Detailed analyses for vibrational and dynamical magnetism of 1 and 2 revealed that g-value anisotropy accelerates magnetic relaxations greater than the internal magnetic field from nuclear spin does. These results provide a design criterion for construction of multiple spin qubit based on g-tensor engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yamabayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoji Horii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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9
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Serra J, Font-Bardia M, Escuer A, Mayans J. Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Silver(II) Macrocyclic Systems. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18804-18808. [PMID: 37943078 PMCID: PMC10664066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The spin-lattice relaxation time has been studied trough alternating-current susceptometry and ultralow-frequency Raman spectroscopy in a family of silver(II)-derived molecular systems with spin 1/2 and formulas [AgII(m-CTH)(NO3)2] (1) and [AgII(m-CTH)(ClO4)2] (2), where CTH = meso-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane. The combination of both techniques demonstrates the occurrence of slow spin magnetic relaxation induced by spin-phonon interaction. The magnetic behavior of these silver(II)-derived systems opens the door to a new cation in the scarce family of S = 1/2 systems with slow relaxation of magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serra
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, secció
Inorgànica and Instutut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Departament
de Mineralogia, Cristal·lografia i Dipòsits Minerals, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franqués s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Unitat
de Difracció de R-X, Centre Científic
i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís 1-3, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Albert Escuer
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, secció
Inorgànica and Instutut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Júlia Mayans
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, secció
Inorgànica and Instutut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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10
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Nabi R, Staab JK, Mattioni A, Kragskow JGC, Reta D, Skelton JM, Chilton NF. Accurate and Efficient Spin-Phonon Coupling and Spin Dynamics Calculations for Molecular Solids. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37917936 PMCID: PMC10655086 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Molecular materials are poised to play a significant role in the development of future optoelectronic and quantum technologies. A crucial aspect of these areas is the role of spin-phonon coupling and how it facilitates energy transfer processes such as intersystem crossing, quantum decoherence, and magnetic relaxation. Thus, it is of significant interest to be able to accurately calculate the molecular spin-phonon coupling and spin dynamics in the condensed phase. Here, we demonstrate the maturity of ab initio methods for calculating spin-phonon coupling by performing a case study on a single-molecule magnet and showing quantitative agreement with the experiment, allowing us to explore the underlying origins of its spin dynamics. This feat is achieved by leveraging our recent developments in analytic spin-phonon coupling calculations in conjunction with a new method for including the infinite electrostatic potential in the calculations. Furthermore, we make the first ab initio determination of phonon lifetimes and line widths for a molecular magnet to prove that the commonplace Born-Markov assumption for the spin dynamics is valid, but such "exact" phonon line widths are not essential to obtain accurate magnetic relaxation rates. Calculations using this approach are facilitated by the open-source packages we have developed, enabling cost-effective and accurate spin-phonon coupling calculations on molecular solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Nabi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Jakob K. Staab
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Andrea Mattioni
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Jon G. C. Kragskow
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Daniel Reta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country
UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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11
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Hymas K, Soncini A. Triggering single-molecule qubit spin dynamics via non-Abelian geometric phase effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37842831 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02939e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
We illustrate how macroscopic rotations can be utilised to trigger and control a spin dynamics within the ground doublet of both Kramers and non-Kramers-type molecular nanomagnets via the non-Abelian character of the time-evolution operator. For Kramers magnets, we show how this effect can be harnessed to realise single-qubit quantum gates and give the explicit example of a recently reported CoCl2(tu)4 single-molecule magnet (SMM). We demonstrate that gating operations could be performed on this magnet in as fast as 10 ps before the breakdown of adiabaticity, much faster than typical spin-lattice relaxation times. Based on this effect, we also suggest CoCl2(tu)4 as a quantum gyroscope for sensing yaw-axis rotations. For integer spin nanomagnets where non-axial crystal field interactions often lift ground state degeneracy, we show how spin dynamics from the non-Abelian geometric propagator can be recovered using non-adiabatic macroscopic rotations not-necessarily resonant with the tunnel splitting gap. Using the well-known TbPc2 single-ion magnet as a further example, we identify an experimentally plausible non-adiabatic rotation that induces a coherent superposition of tunnelling ground states, tantamount to preparing each member of a TbPc2 ensemble in the maximal angular momentum state |mJ = 6〉. The detection of an ensuing coherent oscillation of the macroscopic magnetisation polarised along the TbPc2 principal magnetic axis after the completed rotation could then proceed via time-resolved magnetisation measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Hymas
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Alessandro Soncini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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12
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Marcinkowski D, Kubicki M, Patroniak V, Muzioł T, Chorazy S, Shi L, Zychowicz M, Majcher-Fitas AM, Podgajny R, Gorczyński A. Trityl-Based Lanthanide-Supramolecular Assemblies Exhibiting Slow Magnetic Relaxation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300695. [PMID: 37408381 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The triphenylmethane (trityl) group has been recognized as a supramolecular synthon in crystal engineering, molecular machine rotors and stereochemical chirality inductors in materials science. Herein we demonstrate for the first time how it can be utilized in the domain of molecular magnetic materials through shaping of single molecule magnet (SMM) properties within the lanthanide complexes in tandem with other non-covalent interactions. Trityl-appended mono- (HL1 ) and bis-compartmental (HL2 ) hydrazone ligands were synthesized and complexated with Dy(III) and Er(III) triflate and nitrate salts to generate four monometallic (1-4) and two bimetallic (5, 6) complexes. The static and dynamic magnetic properties of 1-6 were investigated, revealing that only ligand HL1 induces assemblies (1-4) capable of showing SMM behaviour, with Dy(III) congeners (1, 2) able to exhibit the phenomenon also under zero field conditions. Theoretical ab initio studies helped in determination of Dy(III) energetic levels, magnetic anisotropic axes and corroborated magnetic relaxation mechanisms to be a combination of Raman and quantum tunnelling in zero dc field, the latter being cancelled in the optimum non-zero dc field. Our work represents the first study of magneto-structural correlations within the trityl Ln-SMMs, leading to generation of slowly relaxing zero-field dysprosium complexes within the hydrogen-bonded assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Marcinkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Violetta Patroniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Muzioł
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Chemistry, Jurija Gagarina 11, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Szymon Chorazy
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Le Shi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Zychowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna M Majcher-Fitas
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Robert Podgajny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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13
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Kragskow JGC, Mattioni A, Staab JK, Reta D, Skelton JM, Chilton NF. Spin-phonon coupling and magnetic relaxation in single-molecule magnets. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:4567-4585. [PMID: 37377351 PMCID: PMC10351214 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00705c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Electron-phonon coupling is important in many physical phenomena, e.g. photosynthesis, catalysis and quantum information processing, but its impacts are difficult to grasp on the microscopic level. One area attracting wide interest is that of single-molecule magnets, which is motivated by searching for the ultimate limit in the miniaturisation of binary data storage media. The utility of a molecule to store magnetic information is quantified by the timescale of its magnetic reversal processes, also known as magnetic relaxation, which is limited by spin-phonon coupling. Several recent accomplishments of synthetic organometallic chemistry have led to the observation of molecular magnetic memory effects at temperatures above that of liquid nitrogen. These discoveries have highlighted how far chemical design strategies for maximising magnetic anisotropy have come, but have also highlighted the need to characterise the complex interplay between phonons and molecular spin states. The crucial step is to make a link between magnetic relaxation and chemical motifs, and so be able to produce design criteria to extend molecular magnetic memory. The basic physics associated with spin-phonon coupling and magnetic relaxation was outlined in the early 20th century using perturbation theory, and has more recently been recast in the form of a general open quantum systems formalism and tackled with different levels of approximations. It is the purpose of this Tutorial Review to introduce the topics of phonons, molecular spin-phonon coupling, and magnetic relaxation, and to outline the relevant theories in connection with both the traditional perturbative texts and the more modern open quantum systems methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon G C Kragskow
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Andrea Mattioni
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Jakob K Staab
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Daniel Reta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Faculty of Chemistry, The University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Jonathan M Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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14
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Cambria MC, Norambuena A, Dinani HT, Thiering G, Gardill A, Kemeny I, Li Y, Lordi V, Gali Á, Maze JR, Kolkowitz S. Temperature-Dependent Spin-Lattice Relaxation of the Nitrogen-Vacancy Spin Triplet in Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:256903. [PMID: 37418723 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.256903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Spin-lattice relaxation within the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center's electronic ground-state spin triplet limits its coherence times, and thereby impacts its performance in quantum applications. We report measurements of the relaxation rates on the NV center's |m_{s}=0⟩↔|m_{s}=±1⟩ and |m_{s}=-1⟩↔|m_{s}=+1⟩ transitions as a function of temperature from 9 to 474 K in high-purity samples. We show that the temperature dependencies of the rates are reproduced by an ab initio theory of Raman scattering due to second-order spin-phonon interactions, and we discuss the applicability of the theory to other spin systems. Using a novel analytical model based on these results, we suggest that the high-temperature behavior of NV spin-lattice relaxation is dominated by interactions with two groups of quasilocalized phonons centered at 68.2(17) and 167(12) meV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Cambria
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Norambuena
- Centro de Optica e Información Cuántica, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - H T Dinani
- Centro de Investigación DAiTA Lab, Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela Data Science, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Thiering
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Gardill
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I Kemeny
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Li
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - V Lordi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94551, USA
| | - Á Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - J R Maze
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Kolkowitz
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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15
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López-Alcalá D, Ruiz AM, Baldoví JJ. Exploring Spin-Phonon Coupling in Magnetic 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1172. [PMID: 37049265 PMCID: PMC10097403 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Layered magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of materials that can combine the advantages of both MOFs and 2D magnetic crystals. The recent discovery of large coercivity and long-range magnetic ordering up to 515 K in a layered MOF of general formula MCl2(pyz)2 (M = transition metal, pyz = pyrazine) offers an exciting versatile platform to achieve high-TC magnetism at the 2D limit. In this work, we investigate the exfoliation feasibility down to the monolayer of VCl2(pyz)2 and CrCl2(pyz)2 by means of first-principles calculations. We explore their structural, electronic, magnetic and vibrational properties, as well as the effect of halide substitution. Then, we provide a full analysis of the spin-phonon coupling (SPC) in both 2D derivatives. Our calculations reveal a low SPC and thermal evolution of the magnetic exchange interactions and single-ion anisotropy mainly governed by low-frequency phonon modes. Finally, we provide chemical insights to improve the performance of these magnetic 2D MOFs based on the effective manipulation of the phonon modes that can present a major impact on their magnetic properties.
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16
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Tang J, Zhang S, Li L, Yao L, Zhang R, Yin B, Zhang J. Influence of ligand substitution and the solvent effect on the structures and magnetic properties of dinuclear Dy 2 supramolecular architectures constructed with the bis-β-diketonate-Dy 2 building block as a metalloligand. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1366-1377. [PMID: 36633156 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03468a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on the bis-β-diketonate-Dy2 metalloligand [Dy2(pbth)4]·2Et3N (1, pbth = (3z,3'z)-4,4'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(1,1,1-trifluoro-4-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one)), six dinuclear complexes with eight-coordinated geometries were synthesized solvothermally through different capping N-donor coligands or solvent systems. These complexes are namely [Dy2(pbth)3(Phen)2]·2C2H5OH (2), [Dy2(pbth)3(BPhen)2]·2C2H5OH (3), [Dy2(pbth)3(Dppz)2]·2C2H5OH (4), [Dy2(pbth)3(Dppz)2]·2CH3OH (4a), [Dy2(pbth)3(4-Dmbp)2]·CH3OH·C2H5OH (5) and [Dy2(pbth)3(5-Dmbp)2]·CH3OH (6) (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, BPhen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dppz = dipyrido [3,2-a:2',3'-c] phenazine, 4-Dmbp = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl, 5-Dmbp = 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl), respectively. In the synthetic processes of 2-6, one of four bis-β-diketonate ligands in the metalloligand is replaced by two capping N-donor coligands. The coordination geometries, metal distances and M-L-M torsion angles of the synthesized complexes are perceptibly fine-tuned by the modification of the capping N-donor coligands or the latticed solvent molecules. Systematic magnetic investigations indicate the different magnetic relaxation dynamics of 1-6. Complex 1 displays no characteristics of single-molecule magnets (SMMs), while complexes 2-6 exhibit SMM behaviours in the absence of a static magnetic field. Complexes 2 and 3 possess effective energy barriers (Ueff) of 110.18 (2) K and 133.21 (4) K, respectively. Theoretical analysis based on ab initio calculation provides some interpretations of experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Tang
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Linzhou Li
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Linbin Yao
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ronghu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. .,Institute of Processing&Design of Agroproducts, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Bing Yin
- Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism (LTMM), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Science Center of Energy Material and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, P. R. China.
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17
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Dhbaibi K, Grasser M, Douib H, Dorcet V, Cador O, Vanthuyne N, Riobé F, Maury O, Guy S, Bensalah-Ledoux A, Baguenard B, Rikken GLJA, Train C, Le Guennic B, Atzori M, Pointillart F, Crassous J. Multifunctional Helicene-Based Ytterbium Coordination Polymer Displaying Circularly Polarized Luminescence, Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Room Temperature Magneto-Chiral Dichroism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215558. [PMID: 36449410 PMCID: PMC10107653 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The combination of physical properties sensitive to molecular chirality in a single system allows the observation of fascinating phenomena such as magneto-chiral dichroism (MChD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) having potential applications for optical data readout and display technology. Homochiral monodimensional coordination polymers of YbIII were designed from a 2,15-bis-ethynyl-hexahelicenic scaffold decorated with two terminal 4-pyridyl units. Thanks to the coordination of the chiral organic chromophore to Yb(hfac)3 units (hfac- =1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylaconate), efficient NIR-CPL activity is observed. Moreover, the specific crystal field around the YbIII induces a strong magnetic anisotropy which leads to a single-molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour and a remarkable room temperature MChD. The MChD-structural correlation is supported by computational investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kais Dhbaibi
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Maxime Grasser
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Haiet Douib
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire des Matériaux Organiques et Hétérochimie (LMOH), Département des sciences de la matière, Université Larbi Tébessi de Tébessa, Route de Constantine, 12002, Tébessa, Algérie
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - François Riobé
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphan Guy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Amina Bensalah-Ledoux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Bruno Baguenard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Geert L J A Rikken
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Cyrille Train
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Matteo Atzori
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
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18
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Kumar Sahu P, Kharel R, Shome S, Goswami S, Konar S. Understanding the unceasing evolution of Co(II) based single-ion magnets. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Kazmierczak NP, Hadt RG. Illuminating Ligand Field Contributions to Molecular Qubit Spin Relaxation via T1 Anisotropy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20804-20814. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael P. Kazmierczak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G. Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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20
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Moseley DH, Liu Z, Bone AN, Stavretis SE, Singh SK, Atanasov M, Lu Z, Ozerov M, Thirunavukkuarasu K, Cheng Y, Daemen LL, Lubert-Perquel D, Smirnov D, Neese F, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Hill S, Dunbar KR, Xue ZL. Comprehensive Studies of Magnetic Transitions and Spin-Phonon Couplings in the Tetrahedral Cobalt Complex Co(AsPh 3) 2I 2. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17123-17136. [PMID: 36264658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A combination of inelastic neutron scattering (INS), far-IR magneto-spectroscopy (FIRMS), and Raman magneto-spectroscopy (RaMS) has been used to comprehensively probe magnetic excitations in Co(AsPh3)2I2 (1), a reported single-molecule magnet (SMM). With applied field, the magnetic zero-field splitting (ZFS) peak (2D') shifts to higher energies in each spectroscopy. INS placed the ZFS peak at 54 cm-1, as revealed by both variable-temperature (VT) and variable-magnetic-field data, giving results that agree well with those from both far-IR and Raman studies. Both FIRMS and RaMS also reveal the presence of multiple spin-phonon couplings as avoided crossings with neighboring phonons. Here, phonons refer to both intramolecular and lattice vibrations. The results constitute a rare case in which the spin-phonon couplings are observed with both Raman-active (g modes) and far-IR-active phonons (u modes; space group P21/c, no. 14, Z = 4 for 1). These couplings are fit using a simple avoided crossing model with coupling constants of ca. 1-2 cm-1. The combined spectroscopies accurately determine the magnetic excited level and the interaction of the magnetic excitation with phonon modes. Density functional theory (DFT) phonon calculations compare well with INS, allowing for the assignment of the modes and their symmetries. Electronic calculations elucidate the nature of ZFS in the complex. Features of different techniques to determine ZFS and other spin-Hamiltonian parameters in transition-metal complexes are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan H Moseley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Alexandria N Bone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Shelby E Stavretis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Mihail Atanasov
- Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhengguang Lu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | | | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Luke L Daemen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Daphné Lubert-Perquel
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Dmitry Smirnov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - A J Ramirez-Cuesta
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Stephen Hill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32306, United States
| | - Kim R Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
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21
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Lunghi A, Sanvito S. Computational design of magnetic molecules and their environment using quantum chemistry, machine learning and multiscale simulations. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:761-781. [PMID: 37118096 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Having served as a playground for fundamental studies on the physics of d and f electrons for almost a century, magnetic molecules are now becoming increasingly important for technological applications, such as magnetic resonance, data storage, spintronics and quantum information. All of these applications require the preservation and control of spins in time, an ability hampered by the interaction with the environment, namely with other spins, conduction electrons, molecular vibrations and electromagnetic fields. Thus, the design of a novel magnetic molecule with tailored properties is a formidable task, which does not only concern its electronic structures but also calls for a deep understanding of the interaction among all the degrees of freedom at play. This Review describes how state-of-the-art ab initio computational methods, combined with data-driven approaches to materials modelling, can be integrated into a fully multiscale strategy capable of defining design rules for magnetic molecules.
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22
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Khurana R, Ali ME. Single-Molecule Magnetism in Linear Fe(I) Complexes with Aufbau and Non-Aufbau Ground States. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15335-15345. [PMID: 36129329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With the ongoing efforts on synthesizing mononuclear single-ion magnets (SIMs) with promising applications in high-density data storage and spintronics devices, the linear or quasi-linear Fe(I) complexes emerge as the enticing candidates possessing large unquenched angular momentum. Herein, we have studied five experimentally synthesized linear Fe(I) complexes to uncover the origin of single-molecule magnetic behavior of these complexes. To begin with, we benchmarked the methodology on the experimentally and theoretically well-studied complex [Fe(C(SiMe3)3)2]-1 (1) (SiMe3 = trimethylsilyl), which is characterized with a large spin-reversal barrier of 226 cm-1. Subsequently, the spin-phonon coupling coefficients are calculated for the low-frequency vibrational modes to understand the relaxation mechanism of the complex. Furthermore, the two Fe(I) complexes, that is, [Fe(cyIDep)2]+1 (2) (cyIDep = 1,3-bis(2',6'-diethylphenyl)-4,5-(CH2)4-imidazole-2-ylidene) and [Fe(sIDep)2]+1 (3) (sIDep = 1,3-bis(2',6'-diethylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene), are studied that are experimentally reported with no SIM behavior under ac or dc magnetic fields; however, they exhibit large opposite axial zero field splitting (-62.4 and +34.0 cm-1, respectively) from ab initio calculations. We have unwrapped the origin of this contrasting observation between experiment and theory by probing their magnetic relaxation pathways and the pattern of d orbital splitting. Additionally, the two experimentally synthesized Fe(I) complexes, that is, [(η6-C6H6)FeAr*-3,5-Pr2i] (4) (Ar*-3,5-Pr2i = C6H-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-Pr3i)2-3,5-Pr2i) and [(CAAC)2Fe]+1 (5) (CAAC = cyclic (alkyl) (amino)carbene), are investigated for SIM behavior, since there is no report on their magnetic anisotropy. To this end, complex 4 presents itself as the possible candidate for SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishu Khurana
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Md Ehesan Ali
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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23
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Goh T, Pandharkar R, Gagliardi L. Multireference Study of Optically Addressable Vanadium-Based Molecular Qubit Candidates. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6329-6335. [PMID: 36040367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular electron spin qubits with optical manipulation schemes are some of the most promising candidates for modern quantum technologies. Key values that determine a compound's viability for optical-spin initialization and readout include its singlet-triplet gap and zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters. Generally, these values are very small in magnitude and are thus difficult to reproduce with theoretical methods. Here, we study a previously identified optically addressable molecular qubit, (C6F5)3trenVCNtBu (tren = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine), using the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and post-CASSCF methods: complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2), multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT), and hybrid MC-PDFT (HMC-PDFT). Of those methods, we successfully reproduce the singlet-triplet gap and ZFS parameters with reasonable accuracy using 0.5 HMC-PDFT and CASPT2. Four additional V3+ complexes with differing ligands were also investigated. We found that the ligands have minimal effect on the spin properties of the molecule and propose them to be optically addressable qubit candidates. These potential qubits are further analyzed in terms of ab initio ligand field theory (AILFT) to understand the influence of the ligands on the singlet-triplet gap and ZFS parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teffanie Goh
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Riddhish Pandharkar
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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24
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Lunghi A. Toward exact predictions of spin-phonon relaxation times: An ab initio implementation of open quantum systems theory. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn7880. [PMID: 35930642 PMCID: PMC9355363 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn7880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Spin-phonon coupling is the main driver of spin relaxation and decoherence in solid-state semiconductors at finite temperature. Controlling this interaction is a central problem for many disciplines, ranging from magnetic resonance to quantum technologies. Spin relaxation theories have been developed for almost a century but often use a phenomenological description of phonons and their coupling to spin, resulting in a nonpredictive tool and hindering our detailed understanding of spin dynamics. Here, we combine time-local master equations up to the fourth order with advanced electronic structure methods and perform predictions of spin-phonon relaxation time for a series of solid-state coordination compounds based on both transition metals and lanthanide Kramers ions. The agreement between experiments and simulations demonstrates that an accurate, universal, and fully ab initio implementation of spin relaxation theory is possible, thus paving the way to a systematic study of spin-phonon relaxation in solid-state materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Lunghi
- School of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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25
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Amdur MJ, Mullin KR, Waters MJ, Puggioni D, Wojnar MK, Gu M, Sun L, Oyala PH, Rondinelli JM, Freedman DE. Chemical control of spin-lattice relaxation to discover a room temperature molecular qubit. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7034-7045. [PMID: 35774181 PMCID: PMC9200133 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06130e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The second quantum revolution harnesses exquisite quantum control for a slate of diverse applications including sensing, communication, and computation. Of the many candidates for building quantum systems, molecules offer both tunability and specificity, but the principles to enable high temperature operation are not well established. Spin-lattice relaxation, represented by the time constant T 1, is the primary factor dictating the high temperature performance of quantum bits (qubits), and serves as the upper limit on qubit coherence times (T 2). For molecular qubits at elevated temperatures (>100 K), molecular vibrations facilitate rapid spin-lattice relaxation which limits T 2 to well below operational minimums for certain quantum technologies. Here we identify the effects of controlling orbital angular momentum through metal coordination geometry and ligand rigidity via π-conjugation on T 1 relaxation in three four-coordinate Cu2+ S = ½ qubit candidates: bis(N,N'-dimethyl-4-amino-3-penten-2-imine) copper(ii) (Me2Nac)2 (1), bis(acetylacetone)ethylenediamine copper(ii) Cu(acacen) (2), and tetramethyltetraazaannulene copper(ii) Cu(tmtaa) (3). We obtain significant T 1 improvement upon changing from tetrahedral to square planar geometries through changes in orbital angular momentum. T 1 is further improved with greater π-conjugation in the ligand framework. Our electronic structure calculations reveal that the reduced motion of low energy vibrations in the primary coordination sphere slows relaxation and increases T 1. These principles enable us to report a new molecular qubit candidate with room temperature T 2 = 0.43 μs, and establishes guidelines for designing novel qubit candidates operating above 100 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeremy Amdur
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Kathleen R Mullin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Michael J Waters
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Danilo Puggioni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Michael K Wojnar
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Mingqiang Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Lei Sun
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA
| | - James M Rondinelli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA .,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
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26
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Liu H, Li JF, Yin B. The coexistence of long τQTM and high Ueff as a concise criterion for a good single-molecule magnet: a theoretical case study of square antiprism dysprosium single-ion magnets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11729-11742. [PMID: 35506508 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00776b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic theoretical study is performed on a group of 16 square antiprism dysprosium single-ion magnets. Based on ab initio calculations, the quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) time, i.e., τQTM, and effective barrier of magnetic reversal, Ueff, are theoretically predicted. The theoretical τQTM is able to identify the ones with the longest QTM time with small numerical deviations. Similar results occur with respect to Ueff too. The systems possessing the best single-molecule magnet (SMM) properties here are just the ones having both the longest τQTM and the highest Ueff, from either experiment or theory. Thus, our results suggest the coexistence of long τQTM and high Ueff to be a criterion for high-performance SMMs. Although having its own limits, this criterion is easy to be applied in a large number of systems since both τQTM and Ueff could be predicted by theory with satisfactory efficiency and reliability. Therefore, this concise criterion could provide screened candidates for high-performance SMMs quickly and, hence, ease the burden of further exploration aiming for a higher degree of precision. This screening is important since the further exploration could easily demand tens or even hundreds of ab initio calculations for a single SMM. A semi-quantitative crystal field (CF) analysis is performed and shown here to be capable of indicating the general trends in a more chemically intuitive way. This analysis could help to identify the most important coordinating atoms for both diagonal and non-diagonal CF components. Thus, it could give some direct clues for improving the SMM properties: reducing the distance of the axial atom to the central ion, rotating the axial atom closer to the easy axis or increasing the amount of its negative charge. Correspondingly, opposite operations on the equatorial atom could give the same result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.
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27
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Kragskow JGC, Marbey J, Buch CD, Nehrkorn J, Ozerov M, Piligkos S, Hill S, Chilton NF. Analysis of vibronic coupling in a 4f molecular magnet with FIRMS. Nat Commun 2022; 13:825. [PMID: 35149674 PMCID: PMC8837795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibronic coupling, the interaction between molecular vibrations and electronic states, is a fundamental effect that profoundly affects chemical processes. In the case of molecular magnetic materials, vibronic, or spin-phonon, coupling leads to magnetic relaxation, which equates to loss of magnetic memory and loss of phase coherence in molecular magnets and qubits, respectively. The study of vibronic coupling is challenging, and most experimental evidence is indirect. Here we employ far-infrared magnetospectroscopy to directly probe vibronic transitions in [Yb(trensal)] (where H3trensal = 2,2,2-tris(salicylideneimino)trimethylamine). We find intense signals near electronic states, which we show arise due to an "envelope effect" in the vibronic coupling Hamiltonian, which we calculate fully ab initio to simulate the spectra. We subsequently show that vibronic coupling is strongest for vibrational modes that simultaneously distort the first coordination sphere and break the C3 symmetry of the molecule. With this knowledge, vibrational modes could be identified and engineered to shift their energy towards or away from particular electronic states to alter their impact. Hence, these findings provide new insights towards developing general guidelines for the control of vibronic coupling in molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon G C Kragskow
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jonathan Marbey
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Christian D Buch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joscha Nehrkorn
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Stergios Piligkos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Stephen Hill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA. .,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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28
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Wu X, Li J, Yin B. The interpretation and prediction of lanthanide single-ion magnet from ab initio electronic structure calculation: The capability and limit. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14793-14816. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule magnet (SMM) is a fascinating system holding the potential of being revolutionary micro-electronic device in information technology. However current SMMs are still far away from real-life application due to...
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29
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Xu F, Zhang J, Gu H, Ma R, Zhang S, Feng J, Yin B. Influence of synthesis conditions on the preparation of mononuclear Dy(III) compounds based on β-diketone ligands: Synthesis, structure, magnetic behavior and theoretical analysis. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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30
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Laorenza DW, Kairalapova A, Bayliss SL, Goldzak T, Greene SM, Weiss LR, Deb P, Mintun PJ, Collins KA, Awschalom DD, Berkelbach TC, Freedman DE. Tunable Cr 4+ Molecular Color Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21350-21363. [PMID: 34817994 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The inherent atomistic precision of synthetic chemistry enables bottom-up structural control over quantum bits, or qubits, for quantum technologies. Tuning paramagnetic molecular qubits that feature optical-spin initialization and readout is a crucial step toward designing bespoke qubits for applications in quantum sensing, networking, and computing. Here, we demonstrate that the electronic structure that enables optical-spin initialization and readout for S = 1, Cr(aryl)4, where aryl = 2,4-dimethylphenyl (1), o-tolyl (2), and 2,3-dimethylphenyl (3), is readily translated into Cr(alkyl)4 compounds, where alkyl = 2,2,2-triphenylethyl (4), (trimethylsilyl)methyl (5), and cyclohexyl (6). The small ground state zero field splitting values (<5 GHz) for 1-6 allowed for coherent spin manipulation at X-band microwave frequency, enabling temperature-, concentration-, and orientation-dependent investigations of the spin dynamics. Electronic absorption and emission spectroscopy confirmed the desired electronic structures for 4-6, which exhibit photoluminescence from 897 to 923 nm, while theoretical calculations elucidated the varied bonding interactions of the aryl and alkyl Cr4+ compounds. The combined experimental and theoretical comparison of Cr(aryl)4 and Cr(alkyl)4 systems illustrates the impact of the ligand field on both the ground state spin structure and excited state manifold, laying the groundwork for the design of structurally precise optically addressable molecular qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Laorenza
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arailym Kairalapova
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sam L Bayliss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Tamar Goldzak
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Samuel M Greene
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Leah R Weiss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pratiti Deb
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Peter J Mintun
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kelsey A Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David D Awschalom
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Timothy C Berkelbach
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.,Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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31
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Dong Y, Zhu L, Yin B, Zhu X, Li D. Regulating the magnetic properties of seven-coordinated Dy(III) single-ion magnets through the effect of positional isomers on axial crystal-field. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17328-17337. [PMID: 34787614 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02925h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Six Dy(III) single-ion magnets (SIMs) [Dy(n-OMe-bbpen)X] were synthesized by a solvothermal reaction with three positional isomers (ortho, meta, and para) of ligands n-OMe-H2bbpen and dysprosium halides DyX3, (n-OMe-H2bbpen = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-n-methoxybenzyl)-N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)ethylenediamine; n = 3, X = Cl, 1; n = 3, X = Br, 2; n = 4, X = Cl, 3; n = 4, X = Br, 4; n = 5, X = Cl, 5; n = 5, X = Br, 6). Dynamic magnetic measurements revealed that the six complexes possess notably different effective barriers of magnetic reversal: 872.0 K (1), 1210.1 K (2), 137.9 K (3), 602.6 K (4), 907.0 K (5) and 1216.7 K (6). 6 showed the best performance as SIMs among the six Dy(III) complexes. Moreover, the magnetic hysteresis loops of 6 remained open at 21 K. The crystal structures indicate the switching of local symmetry around Dy(III) ion, aroused by the variation in intermolecular interactions and steric effects. This switch is primarily correlated with the distinction of magnetic properties. In addition, ab initio calculations confirmed that the different electrostatic potential around Dy(III) ion stemming from the electronic effect of the OMe-substituted group is another factor leading to the distinction in magnetic properties. This work warns us that when designing ligands for Dy-SIMs, the effect of positional isomerism on magnetic performance must be considered, which is one of the factors that can easily be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Xinrui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
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32
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Amoza M, Maxwell L, Aliaga-Alcalde N, Gómez-Coca S, Ruiz E. Spin-Phonon Coupling and Slow-Magnetic Relaxation in Pristine Ferrocenium. Chemistry 2021; 27:16440-16447. [PMID: 34582589 PMCID: PMC9298439 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the spin dynamic properties of non‐substituted ferrocenium complexes. Ferrocenium shows a field‐induced single‐molecule magnet behaviour in DMF solution while cobaltocene lacks slow spin relaxation neither in powder nor in solution. Multireference quantum mechanical calculations give a non‐Aufbau orbital occupation for ferrocenium with small first excitation energy that agrees with the relatively large measured magnetic anisotropy for a transition metal S=1/2 system. The analysis of the spin relaxation shows an important participation of quantum tunnelling, Raman, direct and local‐mode mechanisms which depend on temperature and the external field conditions. The calculation of spin‐phonon coupling constants for the vibrational modes shows that the first vibrational mode, despite having a low spin‐phonon constant, is the most efficient process for the spin relaxation at low temperatures. In such conditions, vibrational modes with higher spin‐phonon coupling constants are not populated. Additionally, the vibrational energy of this first mode is in excellent agreement with the experimental fitted value obtained from the local‐mode mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Amoza
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and, Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lindley Maxwell
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and, Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Advanced Lithium and Industrial Minerals Research Center, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Núria Aliaga-Alcalde
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Silvia Gómez-Coca
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and, Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and, Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Zakrzewski J, Kumar K, Zychowicz M, Jankowski R, Wyczesany M, Sieklucka B, Ohkoshi SI, Chorazy S. Combined Experimental and Ab Initio Methods for Rationalization of Magneto-Luminescent Properties of Yb III Nanomagnets Embedded in Cyanido/Thiocyanidometallate-Based Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10558-10566. [PMID: 34694818 PMCID: PMC8573772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ab initio calculations were correlated with magnetic and emission characteristics to understand the modulation of properties of NIR-emissive [YbIII(2,2'-bipyridine-1,1'-dioxide)4]3+ single-molecule magnets by cyanido/thiocyanidometallate counterions, [AgI(CN)2]- (1), [AuI(SCN)2]- (2), [CdII(CN)4]2-/[CdII2(CN)7]3- (3), and [MIII(CN)6]3- [MIII = Co (4), Ir (5), Fe (6), Cr (7)]. Theoretical studies indicate easy-axis-type ground doublets for all YbIII centers. They differ in the magnetic axiality; however, transversal g-tensor components are always large enough to explain the lack of zero-dc-field relaxation. The excited doublets lie more than 120 cm-1 above the ground one for all YbIII centers. It was confirmed by high-resolution emission spectra reproduced from the ab initio calculations that give reliable insight into energies and oscillator strengths of optical transitions. These findings indicate the dominance of Raman relaxation with the power n varying from 2.93(4) to 6.9(2) in the 4-3-5-1-2 series. This trend partially follows the magnetic axiality, being deeper correlated with the phonon modes schemes of (thio)cyanido matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub
J. Zakrzewski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, The University
of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mikolaj Zychowicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Robert Jankowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Wyczesany
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Sieklucka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Shin-ichi Ohkoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, The University
of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Szymon Chorazy
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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34
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Kazmierczak NP, Mirzoyan R, Hadt RG. The Impact of Ligand Field Symmetry on Molecular Qubit Coherence. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17305-17315. [PMID: 34615349 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing quantum bits (qubits) exhibiting room temperature electron spin coherence is a key goal of molecular quantum information science. At high temperatures, coherence is often limited by electron spin relaxation, measured by T1. Here we develop a simple and powerful model for predicting relative T1 relaxation times in transition metal complexes from dynamic ligand field principles. By considering the excited state origins of ground state spin-phonon coupling, we derive group theory selection rules governing which vibrational symmetries can induce decoherence. Thermal weighting of the coupling terms produces surprisingly good predictions of experimental T1 trends as a function of temperature and explains previously confounding features in spin-lattice relaxation data. We use this model to evaluate experimental relaxation rates across S = 1/2 transition metal qubit candidates with diverse structures, gaining new insights into the interplay between spin-phonon coupling and molecular symmetry. This methodology elucidates the specific vibrational modes giving rise to decoherence, providing insight into the origin of room temperature coherence in transition metal complexes. We discuss the outlook of symmetry-based modeling and design strategies for understanding molecular coherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael P Kazmierczak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ruben Mirzoyan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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35
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Albino A, Benci S, Atzori M, Chelazzi L, Ciattini S, Taschin A, Bartolini P, Lunghi A, Righini R, Torre R, Totti F, Sessoli R. Temperature Dependence of Spin-Phonon Coupling in [VO(acac) 2]: A Computational and Spectroscopic Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:22100-22110. [PMID: 34676019 PMCID: PMC8521520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronic spins are good candidates as qubits since they are characterized by a large tunability of their electronic and magnetic properties through a rational chemical design. Coordination compounds of light transition metals are promising systems for spin-based quantum information technologies, thanks to their long spin coherence times up to room temperature. Our work aims at presenting an in-depth study on how the spin-phonon coupling in vanadyl-acetylacetonate, [VO(acac)2], can change as a function of temperature using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Powder THz spectra were recorded between 10 and 300 K. The temperature dependence of vibrational frequencies was then accounted for in the periodic DFT calculations using unit-cell parameters measured at two different temperatures and the optimized ones, as usually reported in the literature. In this way, it was possible to calculate the observed THz anharmonic frequency shift with high accuracy. The overall differences in the spin-phonon coupling magnitudes as a function of temperature were also highlighted showing that the computed trends have to be ascribed to the anisotropic variation of cell parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Albino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto
Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Stefano Benci
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Matteo Atzori
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse
Paul Sabatier, EMFL, CNRS, F38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Chelazzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & Center of Crystallography, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Samuele Ciattini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & Center of Crystallography, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Andrea Taschin
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
- ENEA,
Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo
economico sostenibile, Centro Ricerche Frascati, via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Bartolini
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lunghi
- School of
Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity
College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Roberto Righini
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Renato Torre
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica ed Astronomia, Universitá
degli Studi di Firenze, Via G. Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto
Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto
Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
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36
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Zhu L, Dong Y, Yin B, Ma P, Li D. Improving the single-molecule magnet properties of two pentagonal bipyramidal Dy 3+ compounds by the introduction of both electron-withdrawing and -donating groups. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12607-12618. [PMID: 34545871 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00964h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two mononuclear Dy3+ compounds [Dy(bmbpen-F)X] (X = Cl, 1; Br, 2) with a pentagonal bipyramidal (PBP) geometry were obtained from N,N'-bis-(5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-N,N'-bis(5-fluoro-2-methylpyridyl)ethylenediamine (H2bmbpen-F) and dysprosium halides. The magnetic anisotropy and single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior of these PBP compounds were regulated by introducing both electron-withdrawing F atoms into the equatorial pyridine rings and electron-donating -CH3 groups into the axial phenolic hydroxyl rings. The results of magnetic characterization show that 1 and 2 exhibit single molecule magnet behavior with magnetization reversal barriers of 990(13) and 1189(16) K under a zero dc external field and magnetic hysteresis loops up to 26 K and 36 K, respectively. The results of ab initio calculations are consistent with the experimental observations, confirming that the simultaneous introduction of electron-withdrawing groups into the equatorial positions and electron-donating groups into the axial positions can lead to PBP Dy-SMMs with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Yubao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Pengtao Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
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37
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Hu Z, Ullah A, Prima‐Garcia H, Chin S, Wang Y, Aragó J, Shi Z, Gaita‐Ariño A, Coronado E. Binding Sites, Vibrations and Spin-Lattice Relaxation Times in Europium(II)-Based Metallofullerene Spin Qubits. Chemistry 2021; 27:13242-13248. [PMID: 34268813 PMCID: PMC8518920 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To design molecular spin qubits with enhanced quantum coherence, a control of the coupling between the local vibrations and the spin states is crucial, which could be realized in principle by engineering molecular structures via coordination chemistry. To this end, understanding the underlying structural factors that govern the spin relaxation is a central topic. Here, we report the investigation of the spin dynamics in a series of chemically designed europium(II)-based endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs). By introducing a unique structural difference, i. e. metal-cage binding site, while keeping other molecular parameters constant between different complexes, these manifest the key role of the three low-energy metal-displacing vibrations in mediating the spin-lattice relaxation times (T1 ). The temperature dependence of T1 can thus be normalized by the frequencies of these low energy vibrations to show an unprecedentedly universal behavior for EMFs in frozen CS2 solution. Our theoretical analysis indicates that this structural difference determines not only the vibrational rigidity but also spin-vibration coupling in these EMF-based qubit candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Hu
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
- National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistryand ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871People's Republic of China
| | - Aman Ullah
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Helena Prima‐Garcia
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Sang‐Hyun Chin
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistryand ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Zujin Shi
- National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistryand ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871People's Republic of China
| | - Alejandro Gaita‐Ariño
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia MolecularUniversidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
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38
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Briganti M, Santanni F, Tesi L, Totti F, Sessoli R, Lunghi A. A Complete Ab Initio View of Orbach and Raman Spin-Lattice Relaxation in a Dysprosium Coordination Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13633-13645. [PMID: 34465096 PMCID: PMC8414553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The unique electronic
and magnetic properties of lanthanide molecular
complexes place them at the forefront of the race toward high-temperature
single-molecule magnets and magnetic quantum bits. The design of compounds
of this class has so far being almost exclusively driven by static
crystal field considerations, with an emphasis on increasing the magnetic
anisotropy barrier. Now that this guideline has reached its maximum
potential, a deeper understanding of spin-phonon relaxation mechanisms
presents itself as key in order to drive synthetic chemistry beyond
simple intuition. In this work, we compute relaxation times fully ab initio and unveil the nature of all spin-phonon relaxation
mechanisms, namely Orbach and Raman pathways, in a prototypical Dy
single-molecule magnet. Computational predictions are in agreement
with the experimental determination of spin relaxation time and crystal
field anisotropy, and show that Raman relaxation, dominating at low
temperature, is triggered by low-energy phonons and little affected
by further engineering of crystal field axiality. A comprehensive
analysis of spin-phonon coupling mechanism reveals that molecular
vibrations beyond the ion’s first coordination shell can also
assume a prominent role in spin relaxation through an electrostatic
polarization effect. Therefore, this work shows the way forward in
the field by delivering a novel and complete set of chemically sound
design rules tackling every aspect of spin relaxation at any temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Fabio Santanni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tesi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lunghi
- School of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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39
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Sarkar A, Jose R, Ghosh H, Rajaraman G. Record High Magnetic Anisotropy in Three-Coordinate Mn III and Cr II Complexes: A Theoretical Perspective. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9680-9687. [PMID: 34160217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio calculations performed in two three-coordinate complexes [Mn{N(SiMe3)2}3] (1) and [K(18-crown-6) (Et2O)2][Cr{N(SiMe3)2}3] (2) reveal record-high magnetic anisotropy with the D values -64 and -15 cm-1, respectively, enlisting d4 ions back in the race for single-ion magnets. A detailed spin-vibrational analysis performed of 1 and 2 suggests dominance under barrier relaxation due to the flexible coordination spheres around the metal ion. Furthermore, several in silico models were constructed by varying the nature of donor atoms based on the X-ray structure of 1 and 2, unveiling much larger anisotropy and robust single-ion magnet (SIM) characteristics for some of the models offering design clues for low-coordinate transition-metal SIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Reshma Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Harshit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076 Maharashtra, India
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40
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Mirzoyan R, Kazmierczak NP, Hadt RG. Deconvolving Contributions to Decoherence in Molecular Electron Spin Qubits: A Dynamic Ligand Field Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:9482-9494. [PMID: 33855760 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, transition metal complexes have gained momentum as electron spin-based quantum bit (qubit) candidates due to their synthetic tunability and long achievable coherence times. The decoherence of magnetic quantum states imposes a limit on the use of these qubits for quantum information technologies, such as quantum computing, sensing, and communication. With rapid recent development in the field of molecular quantum information science, a variety of chemical design principles for prolonging coherence in molecular transition metal qubits have been proposed. Here the spin-spin, motional, and spin-phonon regimes of decoherence are delineated, outlining design principles for each. It is shown how dynamic ligand field models can provide insights into the intramolecular vibrational contributions in the spin-phonon decoherence regime. This minireview aims to inform the development of molecular quantum technologies tailored for different environments and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Mirzoyan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Nathanael P Kazmierczak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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41
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Bone AN, Widener CN, Moseley DH, Liu Z, Lu Z, Cheng Y, Daemen LL, Ozerov M, Telser J, Thirunavukkuarasu K, Smirnov D, Greer SM, Hill S, Krzystek J, Holldack K, Aliabadi A, Schnegg A, Dunbar KR, Xue ZL. Applying Unconventional Spectroscopies to the Single-Molecule Magnets, Co(PPh 3 ) 2 X 2 (X=Cl, Br, I): Unveiling Magnetic Transitions and Spin-Phonon Coupling. Chemistry 2021; 27:11110-11125. [PMID: 33871890 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Large separation of magnetic levels and slow relaxation in metal complexes are desirable properties of single-molecule magnets (SMMs). Spin-phonon coupling (interactions of magnetic levels with phonons) is ubiquitous, leading to magnetic relaxation and loss of memory in SMMs and quantum coherence in qubits. Direct observation of magnetic transitions and spin-phonon coupling in molecules is challenging. We have found that far-IR magnetic spectra (FIRMS) of Co(PPh3 )2 X2 (Co-X; X=Cl, Br, I) reveal rarely observed spin-phonon coupling as avoided crossings between magnetic and u-symmetry phonon transitions. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) gives phonon spectra. Calculations using VASP and phonopy programs gave phonon symmetries and movies. Magnetic transitions among zero-field split (ZFS) levels of the S=3/2 electronic ground state were probed by INS, high-frequency and -field EPR (HFEPR), FIRMS, and frequency-domain FT terahertz EPR (FD-FT THz-EPR), giving magnetic excitation spectra and determining ZFS parameters (D, E) and g values. Ligand-field theory (LFT) was used to analyze earlier electronic absorption spectra and give calculated ZFS parameters matching those from the experiments. DFT calculations also gave spin densities in Co-X, showing that the larger Co(II) spin density in a molecule, the larger its ZFS magnitude. The current work reveals dynamics of magnetic and phonon excitations in SMMs. Studies of such couplings in the future would help to understand how spin-phonon coupling may lead to magnetic relaxation and develop guidance to control such coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria N Bone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Chelsea N Widener
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Duncan H Moseley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - Zhengguang Lu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Luke L Daemen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Chemical Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, 60605, USA
| | | | - Dmitry Smirnov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Samuel M Greer
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Stephen Hill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Karsten Holldack
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Gmbh, Institut für Methoden und Instrumente der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Azar Aliabadi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Institut für Nanospektroskopie, Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Institut für Nanospektroskopie, Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kim R Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
| | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
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42
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Reta D, Kragskow JGC, Chilton NF. Ab Initio Prediction of High-Temperature Magnetic Relaxation Rates in Single-Molecule Magnets. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5943-5950. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Reta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jon G. C. Kragskow
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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43
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Investigation of the crystal structures and magnetic features of two bis(dithiolato)nickelate salts with flexible organic cations. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-021-00452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Yin B, Luo L. The anisotropy of the internal magnetic field on the central ion is capable of imposing great impact on the quantum tunneling of magnetization of Kramers single-ion magnets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3093-3105. [PMID: 33491709 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05470d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a theoretical method, taking into account the anisotropy of the internal magnetic field (B[combining right harpoon above]int), is proposed to predict the rate of quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM), i.e., τQTM-1, for Kramers single-ion magnets (SIMs). Direct comparison to both experimental and previous theoretical results of three typical Kramers SIMs indicates the necessity of the inclusion of the anisotropy of B[combining right harpoon above]int for accurate description of QTM. The predictions of the method here are consistent with the theory proposed by Prokof'ev and Stamp (PS). For Kramers SIMs of high magnetic axiality, the QTM rates, predicted by the method here, are almost linearly proportional to the results by the PS method. The dependence of τQTM-1 on various parameters is analyzed for model systems. The averaged magnitude of B[combining right harpoon above]int (Bave) and principal g value of the axial direction (gZ) are the parameters on which τQTM-1 is linearly dependent. The ones on which τQTM-1 is quadratically dependent are gXY, i.e., the principal g value of the transversal direction, and xaniso characterizing the anisotropy of B[combining right harpoon above]int. Compared to Bave and gZ, gXY and xaniso provide a higher order of dependence for QTM. Therefore regulation of the SMM property via introduction of desired values of gXY and xaniso ought to be a strategy more efficient than the one via Bave and gZ. Being different from the one via gXY, the strategy via xaniso to regulate the QTM has been rarely touched upon according to our best knowledge. However, this strategy could also lead to significant improvement since it is the same as gXY in the aspect of the dependence of τQTM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.
| | - Lan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.
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45
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Santanni F, Albino A, Atzori M, Ranieri D, Salvadori E, Chiesa M, Lunghi A, Bencini A, Sorace L, Totti F, Sessoli R. Probing Vibrational Symmetry Effects and Nuclear Spin Economy Principles in Molecular Spin Qubits. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:140-151. [PMID: 33305944 PMCID: PMC7872321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The selection of molecular spin qubits with a long coherence time, Tm, is a central task for implementing molecule-based quantum technologies. Even if a sufficiently long Tm can be achieved through an efficient synthetic strategy and ad hoc experimental measurement procedures, many factors contributing to the loss of coherence still need to be thoroughly investigated and understood. Vibrational properties and nuclear spins of hydrogens are two of them. The former plays a paramount role, but a detailed theoretical investigation aimed at studying their effects on the spin dynamics of molecular complexes such as the benchmark phthalocyanine (Pc) is still missing, whereas the effect of the latter deserves to be examined in detail for such a class of compounds. In this work, we adopted a combined theoretical and experimental approach to investigate the relaxation properties of classical [Cu(Pc)] and a CuII complex based on the ligand tetrakis(thiadiazole)porphyrazine (H2TTDPz), characterized by a hydrogen-free molecular structure. Systematic calculations of molecular vibrations exemplify the effect of normal modes on the spin-lattice relaxation process, unveiling a different contribution to T1 depending on the symmetry of normal modes. Moreover, we observed that an appreciable Tm enhancement could be achieved by removing hydrogens from the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Santanni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Andrea Albino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Matteo Atzori
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), Univ. Grenoble
Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul
Sabatier, EMFL, CNRS, F38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Davide Ranieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e NIS Centre, Università
di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e NIS Centre, Università
di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lunghi
- School
of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity
College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrea Bencini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” & INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze) Italy
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46
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Shen N, Liang J, Qu X, Liu S, Zhu L, Zhang S, Chen L, Zhang J, Hu D, Yin B. The influence of organic bases and substituted groups on coordination structures affording two mononuclear Dy( iii) single-molecule magnets (SMMs) and a novel Dy( iii)–K( i) compound with unusually coordinated fluorine atoms. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The different organic bases and substituted groups of auxiliary ligands play an important role in synthetic processes, finally affording distinct structures and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province
- Baoji University of Arts and Sciences
- Baoji
| | - Jing Liang
- Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital
- Xi' an 710069
- China
| | - Xiaoni Qu
- College of Environment and Chemistry Engineering
- Xi'an Polytechnic University
- Xi'an 710048
- P. R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province
- Baoji University of Arts and Sciences
- Baoji
| | - Lin Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province
- Baoji University of Arts and Sciences
- Baoji
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province
- Baoji University of Arts and Sciences
- Baoji
| | - Ling Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital
- Xi' an 710069
- China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Dengwei Hu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province
- Baoji University of Arts and Sciences
- Baoji
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- China
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47
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de Camargo LC, Briganti M, Santana FS, Stinghen D, Ribeiro RR, Nunes GG, Soares JF, Salvadori E, Chiesa M, Benci S, Torre R, Sorace L, Totti F, Sessoli R. Exploring the Organometallic Route to Molecular Spin Qubits: The [CpTi(cot)] Case. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2588-2593. [PMID: 33051985 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The coherence time of the 17-electron, mixed sandwich complex [CpTi(cot)], (η8 -cyclooctatetraene)(η5 -cyclopentadienyl)titanium, reaches 34 μs at 4.5 K in a frozen deuterated toluene solution. This is a remarkable coherence time for a highly protonated molecule. The intramolecular distances between the Ti and H atoms provide a good compromise between instantaneous and spin diffusion sources of decoherence. Ab initio calculations at the molecular and crystal packing levels reveal that the characteristic low-energy ring rotations of the sandwich framework do not yield a too detrimental spin-lattice relaxation because of their small spin-phonon coupling. The volatility of [CpTi(cot)] and the accessibility of the semi-occupied, non-bonding d z 2 orbital make this neutral compound an ideal candidate for single-qubit addressing on surface and quantum sensing in combination with scanning probe microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana C de Camargo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Francielli S Santana
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Danilo Stinghen
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Ronny R Ribeiro
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana G Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Jaísa F Soares
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, 81530-900, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Benci
- Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Renato Torre
- Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Florence, Via G.Sansone 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,ICCOM-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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48
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Camargo LC, Briganti M, Santana FS, Stinghen D, Ribeiro RR, Nunes GG, Soares JF, Salvadori E, Chiesa M, Benci S, Torre R, Sorace L, Totti F, Sessoli R. Exploring the Organometallic Route to Molecular Spin Qubits: The [CpTi(cot)] Case. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana C. Camargo
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and INSTM UdR Firenze University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Francielli S. Santana
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Danilo Stinghen
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Ronny R. Ribeiro
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Giovana G. Nunes
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Jaísa F. Soares
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Parana Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas 81530-900 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Stefano Benci
- Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy University of Florence Via Nello Carrara 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Renato Torre
- Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy University of Florence Via Nello Carrara 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of Florence Via G.Sansone 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and INSTM UdR Firenze University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and INSTM UdR Firenze University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff” and INSTM UdR Firenze University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- ICCOM-CNR via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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49
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Follmer AH, Ribson RD, Oyala PH, Chen GY, Hadt RG. Understanding Covalent versus Spin-Orbit Coupling Contributions to Temperature-Dependent Electron Spin Relaxation in Cupric and Vanadyl Phthalocyanines. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9252-9260. [PMID: 33112149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent interest in transition-metal complexes as potential quantum bits (qubits) has reinvigorated the investigation of fundamental contributions to electron spin relaxation in various ligand scaffolds. From quantum computers to chemical and biological sensors, interest in leveraging the quantum properties of these molecules has opened a discussion of the requirements to maintain coherence over a large temperature range, including near room temperature. Here we compare temperature-, magnetic field position-, and concentration-dependent electron spin relaxation in copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) and vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc) doped into diamagnetic hosts. While VOPc demonstrates coherence up to room temperature, CuPc coherence times become rapidly T1-limited with increasing temperature, despite featuring a more covalent ground-state wave function than VOPc. As rationalized by a ligand field model, this difference is ascribed to different spin-orbit coupling (SOC) constants for Cu(II) versus V(IV). The manifestation of SOC contributions to spin-phonon coupling and electron spin relaxation in different ligand fields is discussed, allowing for a further understanding of the competing roles of SOC and covalency in electron spin relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec H Follmer
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan D Ribson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Grace Y Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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50
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Viciano‐Chumillas M, Blondin G, Clémancey M, Krzystek J, Ozerov M, Armentano D, Schnegg A, Lohmiller T, Telser J, Lloret F, Cano J. Single‐Ion Magnetic Behaviour in an Iron(III) Porphyrin Complex: A Dichotomy Between High Spin and 5/2–3/2 Spin Admixture. Chemistry 2020; 26:14242-14251. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Geneviève Blondin
- CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA-Grenoble 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Martin Clémancey
- CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA-Grenoble 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Jurek Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Donatella Armentano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche (CTC) Università della Calabria 87030 Rende, Cosenza Italy
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- EPR Research Group MPI for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim Ruhr Germany
| | - Thomas Lohmiller
- EPR4Energy Joint Lab Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Kekuléstrasse 5 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences Roosevelt University 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 USA
| | - Francesc Lloret
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Joan Cano
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València 46980 Paterna Spain
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