1
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Enomoto K, Miranti R, Liu J, Okano R, Inoue D, Kim D, Pu YJ. Anisotropic electronic coupling in three-dimensional assembly of CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13049-13057. [PMID: 39148765 PMCID: PMC11323341 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01769b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cesium lead halide (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, or I) perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) show promise for next-generation optoelectronics. In this study, we controlled the electronic coupling between PeQD multilayers using a layer-by-layer method and dithiol linkers of varying structures. The energy shift of the first excitonic peak from monolayer to bilayer decreases exponentially with increasing interlayer spacer distance, indicating the resonant tunnelling effect. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed anisotropic inter-PeQD distances in multiple layers. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed lower energy emission in the in-plane direction due to the electronic coupling in the out-of-plane direction, supporting the anisotropic electronic state in the PeQD multilayers. Temperature-dependent PL and PL lifetimes indicated changes in exciton behaviour due to the delocalized electronic state in PeQD multilayers. Particularly, the electron-phonon coupling strength increased, and the exciton recombination rate decreased. This is the first study demonstrating controlled electronic coupling in a three-dimensional ordered structure, emphasizing the importance of the anisotropic electronic state for high-performance PeQDs devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Enomoto
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Retno Miranti
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Jianjun Liu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Rinkei Okano
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Daishi Inoue
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - DaeGwi Kim
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Yong-Jin Pu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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2
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Liu Y, Yun R, Li Y, Sun W, Zheng T, Huang Q, Zhang L, Li X. Chemical transformation mechanism for blue-to-green emitting CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38466175 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05215j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently, metal-halide perovskites have rapidly emerged as efficient light emitters with near-unity quantum yield and size-dependent optical and electronic properties, which have attracted considerable attention from researchers. However, the ultrafast nucleation rate of ionic perovskite counterparts severely limits the in-depth exploration of the growth mechanism of colloidal nanocrystals (NCs). Herein, we used an inorganic ligand nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate (NOBF4) to trigger a slow post-synthesis transformation process, converting non-luminescent Cs4PbBr6 NCs into bright green luminescent CsPbBr3 NCs to elucidate the concrete transformation mechanism via four stages: (i) the dissociation of pristine NCs, (ii) the formation of Pb-Br intermediates, (iii) low-dimensional nanoplatelets (NPLs) and (iv) cubic CsPbBr3 NCs, corresponding to the blue-to-green emission process. The desorption and reorganization of organic ligands induced by NO+ and the involvement of BF4- in the ligand exchange process played pivotal roles in this dissolution-recrystallization of NCs. Moreover, controlled shape evolution from anisotropic NPLs to NCs was investigated through variations in the amount of NOBF4. This further validates that additives exert a decisive role in the symmetry and growth of nanostructured perovskite crystals during phase transition based on the ligand-exchange mechanism. This finding serves as a source of inspiration for the synthesis of highly luminescent CsPbBr3 NCs, providing valuable insights into the chemical mechanism in post-synthesis transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Yun
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Wenda Sun
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Tiancheng Zheng
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Huang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Libing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of solar energy of Tianjin, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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3
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Gokdemir Choi FP, Kuruoğlu F, Moeini Alishah H, Bozar S, Kahveci C, Canturk Rodop M, Erol A, Gunes S. Reduced trap-density and boosted performance of CH 3NH 3PbI 3solar cells by 1-Pentanethiol enhanced anti-solvent washing route. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:215401. [PMID: 38364276 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2a00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Performance and the stability of the perovskite-based photovoltaic devices are directly linked to existing trap-states or defect profiles at the surface and/or in the bulk of perovskite layers. Hence identification of stemming the defects during perovskite formation is crucial for achieving superior and long-lasting performances. Here, we present the effect of 1-Pentanethiol incorporation into the one-step deposition of perovskite layers. A feasible glove box-free route results in high-quality CH3NH3PbI3layers under highly humid conditions (RH > 50%) but at low temperatures (T< 18 °C). 1-Pentanethiol addition into the washing solvent leads to the refinement of I/Pb stoichiometry, elimination of the iodide deficiencies, and reduction of the trap-state densities. Consequently, a precise amount 1-Pentanethiol addition enhances photovoltaic performances, resulting in a 54% PCE improvement for CH3NH3PbI3-based inverted solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pinar Gokdemir Choi
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Furkan Kuruoğlu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamed Moeini Alishah
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Bozar
- Istanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihangir Kahveci
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macide Canturk Rodop
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Erol
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Gunes
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, Davutpasa Campus, 34210, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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Jiang N, Ma G, Song D, Qiao B, Liang Z, Xu Z, Wageh S, Al-Ghamdi A, Zhao S. Defects in lead halide perovskite light-emitting diodes under electric field: from behavior to passivation strategies. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3838-3880. [PMID: 38329288 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are emerging semiconductor materials for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) owing to their unique structure and superior optoelectronic properties. However, defects that initiate degradation of LHPs through external stimuli and prompt internal ion migration at the interfaces remain a significant challenge. The electric field (EF), which is a fundamental driving force in LED operation, complicates the role of these defects in the physical and chemical properties of LHPs. A deeper understanding of EF-induced defect behavior is crucial for optimizing the LED performance. In this review, the origins and characterization of defects are explored, indicating the influence of EF-induced defect dynamics on LED performance and stability. A comprehensive overview of recent defect passivation approaches for LHP bulk films and nanocrystals (NCs) is also provided. Given the ubiquity of EF, a summary of the EF-induced defect behavior can enhance the performance of perovskite LEDs and related optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Guoquan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Bo Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhiqin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Swelm Wageh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
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5
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Liu X, Lee EC. Advancements in Perovskite Nanocrystal Stability Enhancement: A Comprehensive Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111707. [PMID: 37299610 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, perovskite technology has been increasingly applied in solar cells, nanocrystals, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have attracted significant interest in the field of optoelectronics owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Compared with other common nanocrystal materials, perovskite nanomaterials have many advantages, such as high absorption coefficients and tunable bandgaps. Owing to their rapid development in efficiency and huge potential, perovskite materials are considered the future of photovoltaics. Among different types of PNCs, CsPbBr3 perovskites exhibit several advantages. CsPbBr3 nanocrystals offer a combination of enhanced stability, high photoluminescence quantum yield, narrow emission bandwidth, tunable bandgap, and ease of synthesis, which distinguish them from other PNCs, and make them suitable for various applications in optoelectronics and photonics. However, PNCs also have some shortcomings: they are highly susceptible to degradation caused by environmental factors, such as moisture, oxygen, and light, which limits their long-term performance and hinders their practical applications. Recently, researchers have focused on improving the stability of PNCs, starting with the synthesis of nanocrystals and optimizing (i) the external encapsulation of crystals, (ii) ligands used for the separation and purification of nanocrystals, and (iii) initial synthesis methods or material doping. In this review, we discuss in detail the factors leading to instability in PNCs, introduce stability enhancement methods for mainly inorganic PNCs mentioned above, and provide a summary of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Liu
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Lee
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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6
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Banerjee S, Bera S, Pradhan N. Chemically Sculpturing the Facets of CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Platelet Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:678-686. [PMID: 36577129 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The facet chemistry of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals is critically important for determining their shape and interface ligand binding. In colloidal nanocrystals, these are mostly controlled by adopting specific synthetic strategies with a selection of the appropriate reactants. However, using selected ligands, the surface of preformed nanocrystals can be reconstructed without altering the crystal phase and lattice structure of their core. This has been shown here for hexagonal-shaped orthorhombic CsPbBr3 platelet nanocrystals. When oleylammonium bromide was added to these postsynthesized platelets, all six edges and two planar facets are transformed from flat to wavy structures. With a variation in concentration, the crest-to-crest distance of these wavy platelets are also tuned. These became possible because of the oleylammonium ions, which changed the {200}, {012} and {020} facets of orthorhombic phase of CsPbBr3 to the more compatible {110} and {002} facets simply by surface atom dissolution. This was also observed for multisegmented platelets having multiple junctions and even for platelets having a size of more than 200 nm. While shape modulations in ionic halide perovskite nanocrystals still face synthetic challenges, these results of surface reconstruction provide strong evidence of the possibility of sculpturing surface facets and shape changes in these nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Banerjee
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman Bera
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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7
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Surface regulation by bifunctional BODIPY to fabricate stable CsPbBr3 for multi-layered optical anti-counterfeiting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Huang CY, Li H, Wu Y, Lin CH, Guan X, Hu L, Kim J, Zhu X, Zeng H, Wu T. Inorganic Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots: A Versatile Nanomaterial Platform for Electronic Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 15:16. [PMID: 36580150 PMCID: PMC9800676 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have generated significant attention in recent years because of their extraordinary physical properties and photovoltaic performance. Among these, inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) stand out for their prominent merits, such as quantum confinement effects, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and defect-tolerant structures. Additionally, ligand engineering and an all-inorganic composition lead to a robust platform for ambient-stable QD devices. This review presents the state-of-the-art research progress on inorganic perovskite QDs, emphasizing their electronic applications. In detail, the physical properties of inorganic perovskite QDs will be introduced first, followed by a discussion of synthesis methods and growth control. Afterwards, the emerging applications of inorganic perovskite QDs in electronics, including transistors and memories, will be presented. Finally, this review will provide an outlook on potential strategies for advancing inorganic perovskite QD technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Hanchen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Ye Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ho Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Xinwei Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jiyun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Haibo Zeng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics and Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
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9
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Feng X, Xu P, Liu J, Zhao X, Cao J, Liu J. Stable Core-Shell Structure Nanocrystals of Cs 4PbBr 6-Zn(moi) 2 Achieved by an In Situ Surface Reconstruction Strategy for Optical Anticounterfeiting. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17590-17598. [PMID: 36272156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Zero-dimensional Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals (NCs) possess attractive photoluminescence (PL) properties and feature facile chemical synthesis, making them promising for application in luminescent materials. However, Cs4PbBr6 remains sensitive to polar solvents and thermal stimuli because of soft ionic nature of Cs4PbBr6 and dynamic behavior of surface ligands. Herein, a strategy controlled by an in situ surface coordination reaction is developed to fabricate stable NCs with a Cs4PbBr6-Zn(moi)2 core-shell structure. It was found that the Cs4PbBr6 surface regulated by the use of 2-mercaptoimidazole (called moi) and the coordination between the -NH group of moi and Zn2+ is critical for the formation of Cs4PbBr6-Zn(moi)2 core-shell NCs. Meanwhile, the thickness of the Zn(moi)2 shell can be facilely controlled by the growth time because of the solubility of moi and Zn(OAc)2·2H2O in ethyl acetate. Compared to bare Cs4PbBr6, Cs4PbBr6-Zn(moi)2 NCs exhibited highly improved polar solvent resistance and thermal stability. By combining the sensitivity of Cs4PbBr6 and the stability of Cs4PbBr6-Zn(moi)2, we used two NCs as PL security inks to fabricate optical anticounterfeiting labels. Thus, the disposable or reusable optical anticounterfeiting label is achieved by changing the external dual-stimuli. This work provides a novel strategy to enhance the stability of Cs4PbBr6 and develop its potential interest for application in anticounterfeiting technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Pengxiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jinli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xiyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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10
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Highly Photostable Mixed‐Halide Blue CsPbBr
1.5
Cl
1.5
Perovskite Quantum Dots via Surface Treatment. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Li M, Peng S, Fang S, Gong Y, Yang D, Bu K, Liu B, Luo H, Guo S, Li J, Wang H, Liu Y, Jiang S, Lin C, Lü X. Synthesis of Two-Dimensional CsPb 2X 5 (X = Br and I) with a Stable Structure and Tunable Bandgap by CsPbX 3 Phase Separation. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2555-2562. [PMID: 35285656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-related materials with various dimensionalities have attracted sustained attention owing to their extraordinary electronic and optoelectronic properties, but it is still challenging in the synthesis of compounds with desired compositions and structures. Herein, a two-dimensional (2D) CsPb2I5 perovskite has been synthesized by the conversion of CsPbI3 at high-pressure and high-temperature (high P-T) conditions, which is quenchable at ambient conditions. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction shows that high-pressure monoclinic CsPbI3 converts into tetragonal CsPb2I5 and cubic CsI at 8.7 GPa upon heating from 644 to 666 K. Keeping the tetragonal structure stable, CsPb2I5 exhibits tunable optical properties with the bandgap changing from ∼2.4 eV at ambient pressure to ∼1.4 eV at 36.9 GPa. Further experiments demonstrate similar structural evolution in the typical three-dimensional CsPbBr3 perovskite into 2D CsPb2Br5 at high P-T conditions, indicating that the conversion of CsPbX3 (X = Br and I) into CsPb2X5 is ubiquitous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Peng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- School of Materials and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejun Bu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Songhao Guo
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- School of Materials and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlong Lin
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujie Lü
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen T, Wang C, Xing X, Qin Z, Qin F, Wang Y, Alam MK, Hadjiev VG, Yang G, Ye S, Yang J, Wang R, Yue S, Zhang D, Shang Z, Robles-Hernandez FC, Calderon HA, Wang H, Wang Z, Bao J. Integration of Highly Luminescent Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals on Transparent Lead Halide Nanowire Waveguides through Morphological Transformation and Spontaneous Growth in Water. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105009. [PMID: 35060296 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The integration of highly luminescent CsPbBr3 quantum dots on nanowire waveguides has enormous potential applications in nanophotonics, optical sensing, and quantum communications. On the other hand, CsPb2 Br5 nanowires have also attracted a lot of attention due to their unique water stability and controversial luminescent property. Here, the growth of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals on CsPb2 Br5 nanowires is reported first by simply immersing CsPbBr3 powder into pure water, CsPbBr3- γ Xγ (X = Cl, I) nanocrystals on CsPb2 Br5 -γ Xγ nanowires are then synthesized for tunable light sources. Systematic structure and morphology studies, including in situ monitoring, reveal that CsPbBr3 powder is first converted to CsPb2 Br5 microplatelets in water, followed by morphological transformation from CsPb2 Br5 microplatelets to nanowires, which is a kinetic dissolution-recrystallization process controlled by electrolytic dissociation and supersaturation of CsPb2 Br5 . CsPbBr3 nanocrystals are spontaneously formed on CsPb2 Br5 nanowires when nanowires are collected from the aqueous solution. Raman spectroscopy, combined photoluminescence, and SEM imaging confirm that the bright emission originates from CsPbBr3 -γ Xγ nanocrystals while CsPb2 Br5 -γ Xγ nanowires are transparent waveguides. The intimate integration of nanoscale light sources with a nanowire waveguide is demonstrated through the observation of the wave guiding of light from nanocrystals and Fabry-Perot interference modes of the nanowire cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Chong Wang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojun Qin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Fan Qin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Md Kamrul Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Viktor G Hadjiev
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Shuming Ye
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Rongfei Wang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yue
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Zhongxia Shang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Francisco C Robles-Hernandez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Hector A Calderon
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, ESFM-IPN, UPALM, Departamento de Física, Mexico CDMX, 07338, Mexico
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Jiming Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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13
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Hu X, Xu Y, Wang J, Ma J, Wang L, Jiang W. Ligand-modified synthesis of shape-controllable and highly luminescent CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals under ambient conditions. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic insights of ligand-modified shape-transformation of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals between nanocubes and nanorods are revealed systematically, which can accelerate their practical applications in the optoelectronic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Yanqiao Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Domestic & Building Ceramics, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333000, PR China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Wan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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14
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Pradhan J, Das A, Kundu K, Chahat, Biswas K. Soft crystal lattice and large anharmonicity facilitate the self-trapped excitonic emission in ultrathin 2D nanoplates of RbPb 2Br 5. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9952-9959. [PMID: 36128238 PMCID: PMC9430307 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02992h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-trapping of excitons (STE) and concomitant useful broadband emission in low-dimensional metal halides occur due to strong electron–phonon coupling, which exhibit potential applications in optoelectronics and solid-state lighting. Lattice softness and high anharmonicity in the low-dimensional structure can lead to transient structural distortion upon photoexcitation that should promote the spatial localization or trapping of charge carriers, which is essential for STE. Herein, we report the ligand-assisted reprecipitation synthesis of ultrathin (∼3.5 nm) two-dimensional (2D) metal halide, RbPb2Br5 nanoplates (NPLs), which demonstrate highly Stokes shifted and broadband emission covering most parts of the visible to near IR range (500–850 nm) with a long-lived photoluminescence (PL) lifetime. The excitation wavelength independent emission and emission wavelength independent excitation spectra along with the analogous PL decay kinetics of bulk and NPLs suggest the intrinsic nature of broadband emission. The experimental low sound velocity (∼1090 m s−1) and associated low bulk and shear moduli (10.10 and 5.51 GPa, respectively) indicate the large anharmonicity and significantly soft lattice structure, which trigger the broadband STE emission in 2D NPLs of RbPb2Br5. Strong electron-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon coupling results in broadband STE emission in 2D RbPb2Br5 NPLs. The presence of large anharmonicity and lattice softness in low dimensional metal halide, RbPb2Br5 nanoplates, trigger strong electron–phonon coupling and consequently highly Stokes shifted broadband emission originates from self-trapped excitons.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayita Pradhan
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Anustoop Das
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Kaushik Kundu
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Chahat
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Kanishka Biswas
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
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15
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Dey A, Ye J, De A, Debroye E, Ha SK, Bladt E, Kshirsagar AS, Wang Z, Yin J, Wang Y, Quan LN, Yan F, Gao M, Li X, Shamsi J, Debnath T, Cao M, Scheel MA, Kumar S, Steele JA, Gerhard M, Chouhan L, Xu K, Wu XG, Li Y, Zhang Y, Dutta A, Han C, Vincon I, Rogach AL, Nag A, Samanta A, Korgel BA, Shih CJ, Gamelin DR, Son DH, Zeng H, Zhong H, Sun H, Demir HV, Scheblykin IG, Mora-Seró I, Stolarczyk JK, Zhang JZ, Feldmann J, Hofkens J, Luther JM, Pérez-Prieto J, Li L, Manna L, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Roeffaers MBJ, Pradhan N, Mohammed OF, Bakr OM, Yang P, Müller-Buschbaum P, Kamat PV, Bao Q, Zhang Q, Krahne R, Galian RE, Stranks SD, Bals S, Biju V, Tisdale WA, Yan Y, Hoye RLZ, Polavarapu L. State of the Art and Prospects for Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10775-10981. [PMID: 34137264 PMCID: PMC8482768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising materials of the 21st century, with many exciting properties and great potential for a broad range of applications, from photovoltaics to optoelectronics and photocatalysis. The ease with which metal-halide perovskites can be synthesized in the form of brightly luminescent colloidal nanocrystals, as well as their tunable and intriguing optical and electronic properties, has attracted researchers from different disciplines of science and technology. In the last few years, there has been a significant progress in the shape-controlled synthesis of perovskite nanocrystals and understanding of their properties and applications. In this comprehensive review, researchers having expertise in different fields (chemistry, physics, and device engineering) of metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals have joined together to provide a state of the art overview and future prospects of metal-halide perovskite nanocrystal research.
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Grants
- from U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- European Research Council under the European Unionâ??s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (HYPERION)
- Ministry of Education - Singapore
- FLAG-ERA JTC2019 project PeroGas.
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy
- EPSRC
- iBOF funding
- Agencia Estatal de Investigaci�ón, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci�ón y Universidades
- National Research Foundation Singapore
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Croucher Foundation
- US NSF
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Science Foundation
- Royal Society and Tata Group
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China
- Research 12210 Foundation?Flanders
- Japan International Cooperation Agency
- Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under Project STABLE
- Generalitat Valenciana via Prometeo Grant Q-Devices
- VetenskapsrÃÂ¥det
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
- KU Leuven
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Generalitat Valenciana
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research
- Ministerio de EconomÃÂa y Competitividad
- Royal Academy of Engineering
- Hercules Foundation
- China Association for Science and Technology
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Wenner-Gren Foundation
- Welch Foundation
- Vlaamse regering
- European Commission
- Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Dey
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Junzhi Ye
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Apurba De
- School of
Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Elke Debroye
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seung Kyun Ha
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eva Bladt
- EMAT, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center
of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anuraj S. Kshirsagar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School
of
Science and Technology for Optoelectronic Information ,Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264005, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Division
of Physical Science and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry
and Physics group, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas,
Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yue Wang
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Li Na Quan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fei Yan
- LUMINOUS!
Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, TPI-The
Photonics Institute, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaoming Li
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Javad Shamsi
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Tushar Debnath
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Muhan Cao
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Manuel A. Scheel
- Lehrstuhl
für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH-Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julian A. Steele
- MACS Department
of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marina Gerhard
- Chemical
Physics and NanoLund Lund University, PO Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lata Chouhan
- Graduate
School of Environmental Science and Research Institute for Electronic
Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Ke Xu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Multiscale
Crystal Materials Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced
Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xian-gang Wu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems,
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian
District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics
(CFP), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R.
| | - Yangning Zhang
- McKetta
Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Anirban Dutta
- School
of Materials Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Chuang Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Ilka Vincon
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey L. Rogach
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics
(CFP), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R.
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Anunay Samanta
- School of
Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Brian A. Korgel
- McKetta
Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH-Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel R. Gamelin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Haibo Zeng
- MIIT Key
Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of
Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems,
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian
District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Handong Sun
- Division
of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- Centre
for Disruptive Photonic Technologies (CDPT), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- LUMINOUS!
Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, TPI-The
Photonics Institute, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Division
of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics,
UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ivan G. Scheblykin
- Chemical
Physics and NanoLund Lund University, PO Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Jacek K. Stolarczyk
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jin Z. Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Jochen Feldmann
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Joseph M. Luther
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Liang Li
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and § Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, Vladimir
Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and § Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, Vladimir
Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Narayan Pradhan
- School
of Materials Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Omar F. Mohammed
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Catalysis
Center, King Abdullah University of Science
and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Osman M. Bakr
- Division
of Physical Science and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl
für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz
Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität
München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Prashant V. Kamat
- Notre Dame
Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence
in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Roman Krahne
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Raquel E. Galian
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Samuel D. Stranks
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center
of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Graduate
School of Environmental Science and Research Institute for Electronic
Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yong Yan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Robert L. Z. Hoye
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- Chair for
Photonics and Optoelectronics, Nano-Institute Munich, Department of
Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
(LMU), Königinstrasse 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- CINBIO,
Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry
and Physics group, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas,
Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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16
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Hills‐Kimball K, Yang H, Cai T, Wang J, Chen O. Recent Advances in Ligand Design and Engineering in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100214. [PMID: 34194945 PMCID: PMC8224438 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) have recently garnered enhanced development efforts from research disciplines owing to their superior optical and optoelectronic properties. These materials, however, are unlike conventional quantum dots, because they possess strong ionic character, labile ligand coverage, and overall stability issues. As a result, the system as a whole is highly dynamic and can be affected by slight changes of particle surface environment. Specifically, the surface ligand shell of LHP NCs has proven to play imperative roles throughout the lifetime of a LHP NC. Recent advances in engineering and understanding the roles of surface ligand shells from initial synthesis, through postsynthetic processing and device integration, finally to application performances of colloidal LHP NCs are covered here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanjun Yang
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Tong Cai
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
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Abstract
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Following the impressive development of bulk
lead-based perovskite
photovoltaics, the “perovskite fever” did not spare
nanochemistry. In just a few years, colloidal cesium lead halide perovskite
nanocrystals have conquered researchers worldwide with their easy
synthesis and color-pure photoluminescence. These nanomaterials promise
cheap solution-processed lasers, scintillators, and light-emitting
diodes of record brightness and efficiency. However, that promise
is threatened by poor stability and unwanted reactivity issues, throwing
down the gauntlet to chemists. More generally, Cs–Pb–X
nanocrystals have opened
an exciting chapter in the chemistry of colloidal nanocrystals, because
their ionic nature and broad diversity have challenged many paradigms
established by nanocrystals of long-studied metal chalcogenides, pnictides,
and oxides. The chemistry of colloidal Cs–Pb–X nanocrystals
is synonymous with change: these materials demonstrate an intricate
pattern of shapes and compositions and readily transform under physical
stimuli or the action of chemical agents. In this Account, we walk
through four types of Cs–Pb–X nanocrystal metamorphoses:
change of structure, color, shape, and surface. These transformations
are often interconnected; for example, a change in shape may also
entail a change of color. The ionic bonding, high anion mobility
due to vacancies, and preservation
of cationic substructure in the Cs–Pb–X compounds enable
fast anion exchange reactions, allowing the precise control of the
halide composition of nanocrystals
of perovskites and related compounds (e.g., CsPbCl3 ⇄
CsPbBr3 ⇄ CsPbI3 and Cs4PbCl6 ⇄ Cs4PbBr6 ⇄ Cs4PbI6) and tuning of their absorption edge and bright photoluminescence
across the visible spectrum. Ion exchanges, however, are just one
aspect of a richer chemistry. Cs–Pb–X nanocrystals
are able to capture or release
(in short, trade) ions or even neutral species from or to the surrounding
environment, causing major changes to their structure and properties.
The trade of neutral PbX2 units allows Cs–Pb–X
nanocrystals to cross the boundaries among four different types of
compounds: 4CsX + PbX2 ⇄ Cs4PbBr6 + 3PbX2 ⇄ 4CsPbBr3 + PbX2 ⇄ 4CsPb2X5. These reactions
do not occur at random, because the reactant and product nanocrystals
are connected by the Cs+ cation substructure preservation
principle, stating that ion trade reactions can transform one compound
into another by means of distorting, expanding, or contracting their
shared Cs+ cation substructure. The nanocrystal surface
is a boundary between the core and the
surrounding environment of Cs–Pb–X nanocrystals. The
surface influences nanocrystal stability, optical properties, and
shape. For these reasons, the dynamic surface of Cs–Pb–X
nanocrystals has been studied in detail, especially in CsPbX3 perovskites. Two takeaways have emerged from these studies. First,
the competition between primary alkylammonium and cesium cations for
the surface sites during the CsPbX3 nanocrystal nucleation
and growth governs the cube/plate shape equilibrium. Short-chain acids
and branched amines influence that equilibrium and enable shape-shifting
synthesis of pure CsPbX3 cubes, nanoplatelets, nanosheets,
or nanowires. Second, quaternary ammonium halides are emerging as
superior ligands that extend the shelf life of Cs–Pb–X
colloidal nanomaterials, boost their photoluminescence quantum yield,
and prevent foreign ions from escaping the nanocrystals. That is accomplished
by combining reduced ligand solubility, due to the branched organic
ammonium cation, with the surface-healing capabilities of the halide
counterions, which are small Lewis bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Toso
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- International Doctoral Program in Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Dmitry Baranov
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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18
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Shen W, Lu Y, Xia P, Zhang W, Chen Y, Wang W, Wu Y, Liu L, Chen S. A donor-acceptor ligand boosting the performance of FA 0.8Cs 0.2PbBr 3 nanocrystal light-emitting diodes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1791-1799. [PMID: 33433543 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07913h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A donor-acceptor ligand, 3-amino-2-bromo-6-methoxypyridine (ABMeoPy), was introduced to passivate FA0.8Cs0.2PbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) by a post-processing method. The donor-acceptor interaction can greatly enhance the coordination bond of pyridine-Pb2+, and improve FA0.8Cs0.2PbBr3 NC performance with 95.99% photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), 6-month stability in solution, and 26% trap density decrease. In the light of ABMeoPy passivation of FA0.8Cs0.2PbBr3 NCs, the maximum luminance, the maximum current efficiency, and EQE of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) increased 69%, 110%, and 111%, respectively. The strategy of using D-A molecules to passivate perovskite NCs is quite simple and effective, which can be widely promoted in perovskite-based LEDs or solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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19
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Babu KJ, Kaur G, Biswal L, De G, Ghosh HN. Ultrafast Charge Delocalization Dynamics of Ambient Stable CsPbBr
3
Nanocrystals Encapsulated in Polystyrene Fiber. Chemistry 2020; 27:683-691. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Justice Babu
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160062 India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160062 India
| | - Liza Biswal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160062 India
| | - Goutam De
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160062 India
| | - Hirendra N. Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160062 India
- RPC Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
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20
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Acharyya P, Kundu K, Biswas K. 2D layered all-inorganic halide perovskites: recent trends in their structure, synthesis and properties. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21094-21117. [PMID: 33057536 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06138g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, halide perovskites have appeared as a superior class of materials for diverse applications, mainly in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. Perovskite halides are broadly classified as hybrid organic-inorganic and all-inorganic analogues depending on the chemical nature of the A cation in the ABX3-type structure. Immense progress has already been achieved in halide perovskites focusing mainly on the hybrid equivalents and all-inorganic three-dimensional (3D) structures, however all-inorganic two-dimensional (2D) layered halide perovskites are relatively new and their nanostructures have gained significant attention in the last few years. In this minireview, we presented a discussion on the recently developed all-inorganic 2D layered halide perovskites highlighting their crystal structure, synthetic methodologies, chemical transformations, and optical properties. We have demonstrated a significant number of examples of Pb-free 2D halide perovskite nanostructures. Strategies for the shape-controlled synthesis of nanostructures and their excitonic properties are discussed in detail. Thermal conductivity and thermoelectric properties are emphasized along with the magnetic properties of layered transition-metal based perovskites. We have also mentioned the recent examples of all-inorganic 2D halide perovskites as photocatalysts for solar-driven CO2 reduction. Finally, we have concluded the article with an outlook for the further progress in 2D all-inorganic halide perovskites toward the structural diversity and prospective new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paribesh Acharyya
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India.
| | - Kaushik Kundu
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India.
| | - Kanishka Biswas
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India.
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21
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Wang R, Li Z, Li S, Wang P, Xiu J, Wei G, Liu H, Jiang N, Liu Y, Zhong M. All-Inorganic Perovskite CsPb 2Br 5 Nanosheets for Photodetector Application Based on Rapid Growth in Aqueous Phase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41919-41931. [PMID: 32829630 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic cesium lead-halide perovskites exhibit a great development prospect in optoelectronic devices owing to their stability and remarkable optoelectronic properties. Herein, we investigate the solution-processed synthesis of perovskite CsPb2Br5 nanosheets by using aqueous and ethanol as solvents. The results show that the aqueous environment ensures the phase formation of CsPb2Br5 and that the supersaturated solution in ethanol boosts nucleation of the nanosheets. The substrate temperature is the key factor for the evolution of morphology and the variation of the thickness of CsPb2Br5 nanosheets. Lower substrate temperature (<35 °C) is conducive to the formation of evenly distributed nanosheets with less stacking. The spatial and time-resolved fluorescence spectra indicate the heterogeneity of the defect density and the recombination process in different nanosheet regions. The photodetector based on the prepared CsPb2Br5 nanosheet displays an excellent switching current ratio (9 × 102), a short rise and decay time (43 and 83 ms, respectively), and good stability (75% of the initial current after 90 days in air). In addition, the mechanical stability and flexibility of the photodetector on the flexible substrate are investigated for 500 bending cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendong Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Zhao Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Shutao Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Junshan Xiu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Gongxiang Wei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Huiqiang Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Yunyan Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Mianzeng Zhong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
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22
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Li H, Liu X, Ying Q, Wang C, Jia W, Xing X, Yin L, Lu Z, Zhang K, Pan Y, Shi Z, Huang L, Jia D. Self‐Assembly of Perovskite CsPbBr
3
Quantum Dots Driven by a Photo‐Induced Alkynyl Homocoupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Qifei Ying
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Wei Jia
- Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China
| | - Xing Xing
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Lisha Yin
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Zhenda Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Zhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Dianzeng Jia
- Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Autonomous Region Institute of Applied Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China
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23
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Li H, Liu X, Ying Q, Wang C, Jia W, Xing X, Yin L, Lu Z, Zhang K, Pan Y, Shi Z, Huang L, Jia D. Self-Assembly of Perovskite CsPbBr 3 Quantum Dots Driven by a Photo-Induced Alkynyl Homocoupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17207-17213. [PMID: 32578927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the facile growth of three-dimensional CsPbBr3 perovskite supercrystals (PSCs) self-assembled from individual CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (PQDs). By varying the carbon chain length of a surface-bound ligand molecule, 1-alkynyl acid, different morphologies of PSCs were obtained accompanied by an over 1000-fold photoluminescence improvement compared with that of PQDs. Systematic analyses have shown, for the first time, that under UV irradiation, CsBr, the byproduct formed during PQDs synthesis, could effectively catalyze the homocoupling reaction between two alkynyl groups, which further worked as a driving force to push forward the self-assembly of PQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Qifei Ying
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
| | - Xing Xing
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Lisha Yin
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Zhenda Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Zhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Dianzeng Jia
- Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
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Huang ZP, Ma B, Wang H, Li N, Liu RT, Zhang ZQ, Zhang XD, Zhao JH, Zheng PZ, Wang Q, Zhang HL. In Situ Growth of 3D/2D (CsPbBr 3/CsPb 2Br 5) Perovskite Heterojunctions toward Optoelectronic Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6007-6015. [PMID: 32628484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) CsPb2Br5 exhibits intriguing functions in enhancing the performance of optoelectronic devices in terms of environmental stability and luminescence properties when composited with other perovskites in different dimensionalities. We built a type I three-dimensional (3D) CsPbBr3/2D CsPb2Br5 heterojunction through phase transition where CsPbBr3 quantum dots in situ grew into 2D CsPb2Br5. A thorough growth mechanism study in combination with excited state dynamic investigations via femtosecond spectroscopy and first-principles calculations revealed that the type I hierarchy enhanced the stability of the heterojunction and spurred its luminous quantum yield by prolonging the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. Mixing the heterojunction with other phosphors yielded white-light-emitting diodes with a color rendering index of 94%. The work thus not only offered one new avenue for building heterojunctions by using the "soft crystal" nature of perovskites but also disentangled the enhanced luminescence mechanism of the heterojunction that can be harnessed for promising applications in the luminescence and display fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui-Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ze-Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials Behavior and Evaluation Technology in Space Environment, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ji-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pei-Zhu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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25
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Shen Z, Zhao S, Song D, Xu Z, Qiao B, Song P, Bai Q, Cao J, Zhang G, Swelm W. Improving the Quality and Luminescence Performance of All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanomaterials for Light-Emitting Devices by Surface Engineering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907089. [PMID: 32431070 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites and their applications in the optoelectronic field have garnered intensive interest over the years. Inorganic perovskites (IHP), though a novel class of material, are considered as one of the most promising optoelectronic materials. These materials are widely used in detectors, solar cells, and other devices, owing to their excellent charge-transport properties, high defect tolerance, composition- and size-dependent luminescence, narrow emission, and high photoluminescence quantum yield. In recent years, numerous encouraging achievements have been realized, especially in the research of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) and surface engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the principles and effects of these surface engineering optimization methods. It is also important to scientifically guide the applications and promote the development of perovskites more efficiently. Herein, the principles of surface ligands are reviewed, and various surface treatment methods used in CsPbX3 NCs as well as quantum-dot light-emitting diodes are presented. Finally, a brief outlook on CsPbX3 NC surface engineering is offered, illustrating the present challenges and the direction in which future investigations are intended to obtain high-quality CsPbX3 NCs that can be utilized in more applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Suling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dandan Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Bo Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Pengjie Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qiongyu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jingyue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Gaoqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wageh Swelm
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Wei Y, Zheng W, Shahid MZ, Jiang Z, Li Y, Duan Z, Liu G, Hu X, Li C. A CTAB-mediated antisolvent vapor route to shale-like Cs 4PbBr 6 microplates showing an eminent photoluminescence. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10023-10029. [PMID: 35498579 PMCID: PMC9050374 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10987k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with nanoscale quantum dots (QDs), the large-sized perovskite crystals not only possess better stability but also are convenient for application exploration. Herein, we develop a facile and efficient antisolvent vapor-assisted recrystallization approach for the synthesis of large-sized Cs4PbBr6 perovskite crystal microplates. In this method, for the first time, the shale-like Cs4PbBr6 microplates with lateral dimensions of hundreds of microns are fabricated by employing cetyltriethylammnonium bromide (CTAB) as a morphology-directing agent. FESEM, TEM, and AFM characterizations indicate that the as-obtained shale-like Cs4PbBr6 microplates are actually formed by 6-8 nm thick Cs4PbBr6 nanosheets with orientational stacking. Importantly, such highly crystalline Cs4PbBr6 microplates with shale-like morphology exhibit a narrow and intense green PL emission with a 59% PL quantum yield. Moreover, the planar structure of shale-like Cs4PbBr6 microplates makes it easy to form a preferred orientation on a substrate, which endow them with promising potential in optoelectronic devices such as lighting and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Malik Zeeshan Shahid
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Zhongyao Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Guangning Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Cuncheng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in University of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong P. R. China
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Baek S, Kim Y, Kim SW. Highly photo-stable CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots via thiol ligand exchange and their polymer film application. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mixed-Solvent Polarity-Assisted Phase Transition of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with Improved Stability at Room Temperature. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9111537. [PMID: 31671551 PMCID: PMC6915538 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted enormous interest in light-emitting diode, photodetector and low-threshold lasing application in terms of their unique optical and electrical performance. However, little attention has been paid to other structures associated with CsPbBr3, such as CsPb2Br5. Herein, we realize a facile method to prepare dual-phase NCs with improved stability against polar solvents by replacing conventional oleylamine with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in the reprecipitation process. The growth of NCs can be regulated with different ratios of toluene and ethanol depending on solvent polarity, which not only obtains NCs with different sizes and morphologies, but also controls phase transition between orthorhombic CsPbBr3 and tetragonal CsPb2Br5. The photoluminescence (PL) and defect density calculated exhibit considerable solvent polarity dependence, which is ascribed to solvent polarity affecting the ability of CTAB to passivate surface defects and improve stoichiometry in the system. This new synthetic method of perovskite material will be helpful for further studies in the field of lighting and detectors.
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29
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Stability of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskite CH 3NH 3PbBr 3 Nanocrystals under Co-Stresses of UV Light Illumination and Temperature. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081158. [PMID: 31412580 PMCID: PMC6724138 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are among the candidates for color conversion materials in displays, especially in NC-based micro-light-emitting diode (micro-LED) displays. However, these NCs are still lacking long-term stability, which has hindered their large-scale applications. We mimic the working conditions, which include ultraviolet light illumination at 323 K and three different types of atmosphere (N2, vacuum, and air), respectively, to investigate the stability of CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs embedded in the polyvinylidene fluoride matrix. X-ray diffraction results indicate the generation of NH4Pb2Br5, which is produced from the encapsulated CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs in all three atmospheres, and the decomposition generates a large amount of accompanying interface defects at the surface area of NCs, resulting in the significant decrease of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity. This work highlights the stability-related mechanism of CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs under combined external stresses that mimic operating conditions. In addition, this work also suggests a new method for conducting aging tests and contributes to developing effective routes towards higher stability of perovskite NCs.
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30
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Wang C, Wang Y, Su X, Hadjiev VG, Dai S, Qin Z, Calderon Benavides HA, Ni Y, Li Q, Jian J, Alam MK, Wang H, Robles Hernandez FC, Yao Y, Chen S, Yu Q, Feng G, Wang Z, Bao J. Extrinsic Green Photoluminescence from the Edges of 2D Cesium Lead Halides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902492. [PMID: 31231895 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the first report of the green emission of 2D all-inorganic CsPb2 Br5 , its bandgap and photoluminescence (PL) origin have generated intense debate and remained controversial. After the discovery that PL centers occupy only specific morphological structures in CsPb2 Br5 , a two-step highly sensitive and noninvasive optical technique is employed to resolve the controversy. Same-spot Raman-PL as a static property-structure probe reveals that CsPbBr3 nanocrystals are contributing to the green emission of CsPb2 Br5 ; pressure-dependent Raman-PL with a diamond anvil cell as a dynamic probe further rules out point defects such as Br vacancies as an alternative mechanism. Optical absorption under hydrostatic pressure shows that the bandgap of CsPb2 Br5 is 0.3-0.4 eV higher than previously reported values and remains nearly constant with pressure up to 2 GPa in good agreement with full-fledged density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Using ion exchange of Br with Cl and I, it is further proved that CsPbBr3- x Xx (X = Cl or I) is responsible for the strong visible PL in CsPb2 Br5- x Xx . This experimental approach is applicable to all PL-active materials to distinguish intrinsic defects from extrinsic nanocrystals, and the findings pave the way for new design and development of highly efficient optoelectronic devices based on all-inorganic lead halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Xinghua Su
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Viktor G Hadjiev
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Shenyu Dai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Zhaojun Qin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | | | - Yizhou Ni
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jie Jian
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Md Kamrul Alam
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Francisco C Robles Hernandez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Shuo Chen
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Qingkai Yu
- Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Guoying Feng
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Jiming Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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31
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Moon H, Lee C, Lee W, Kim J, Chae H. Stability of Quantum Dots, Quantum Dot Films, and Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes for Display Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804294. [PMID: 30650209 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are being highlighted in display applications for their excellent optical properties, including tunable bandgaps, narrow emission bandwidth, and high efficiency. However, issues with their stability must be overcome to achieve the next level of development. QDs are utilized in display applications for their photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence. The PL characteristics of QDs are applied to display or lighting applications in the form of color-conversion QD films, and the electroluminescence of QDs is utilized in quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Studies on the stability of QDs and QD devices in display applications are reviewed herein. QDs can be degraded by oxygen, water, thermal heating, and UV exposure. Various approaches have been developed to protect QDs from degradation by controlling the composition of their shells and ligands. Phosphorescent QDs have been protected by bulky ligands, physical incorporation in polymer matrices, and covalent bonding with polymer matrices. The stability of electroluminescent QLEDs can be enhanced by using inorganic charge transport layers and by improving charge balance. As understanding of the degradation mechanisms of QDs increases and more stable QDs and display devices are developed, QDs are expected to play critical roles in advanced display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsuk Moon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmin Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosuk Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeop Chae
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoburo 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Ghorai A, Midya A, Ray SK. Surfactant-Induced Anion Exchange and Morphological Evolution for Composition-Controlled Caesium Lead Halide Perovskites with Tunable Optical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12948-12954. [PMID: 31460421 PMCID: PMC6682105 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally stable lead halide perovskite nanostructures with engineered composition and morphology are attractive because of their exotic optical properties. Here, we report the synthesis of monodispersed (∼20 nm) CsPbI3 cubic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) using edible olive oil as a solvent as well as a chelating reagent. Thereafter, bromide anion exchange reaction using the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide surfactant in hexane is carried out at relatively lower temperatures to synthesize caesium lead halide perovskites with variable halide compositions and tunable band gaps. Interestingly, because of the formation of micelles, continuous morphology evolution varying from NCs of different sizes to nanowires (NWs) and nanosheets is observed. The anion exchange temperature has a distinct effect on the morphology of the CsPbBr3 nanostructure and the anion exchange reaction rate. Finally, an easy solution-processed photoconductive device is demonstrated using as-grown CsPbBr3 NWs, indicating its potential for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Ghorai
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Anupam Midya
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Samit K. Ray
- School
of Nanoscience and Technology and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- S.
N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata 700106, India
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33
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Wei X, Liu J, Liu H, Lei X, Qian H, Zeng H, Meng F, Deng W. Large-Scale Ligand-Free Synthesis of Homogeneous Core–Shell Quantum-Dot-Modified Cs4PbBr6 Microcrystals. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10620-10624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Wei
- Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jiehua Liu
- Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Han Liu
- Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xunyong Lei
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Haisheng Qian
- Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hualing Zeng
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Fancheng Meng
- Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Weiqiao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023 China
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Lv W, Li L, Xu M, Hong J, Tang X, Xu L, Wu Y, Zhu R, Chen R, Huang W. Improving the Stability of Metal Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots by Encapsulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900682. [PMID: 31090977 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs), with excellent optical properties and spectacular characteristics of direct and tunable bandgaps, strong light-absorption coefficients, high defect tolerance, and low nonradiative recombination rates, are highly attractive for modern optoelectronic devices. However, the stability issue of PQDs remains a critical challenge of this newly emerged material despite the recent rapid progress. Here, the encapsulation strategies to improve the stability of PQDs are comprehensively reviewed. A special emphasis is put on the effects of encapsulation, ranging from the improvement of chemical stability, to the inhibition of light-induced decomposition, to the enhancement of thermal stability. Particular attention is devoted to summarizing the encapsulation approaches, including the sol-gel method, the template method, physical blending, and microencapsulation. The selection principles of encapsulation materials, including the rigid lattice or porous structure of inorganic compounds, the low penetration rate of oxygen or water, as well as the swelling-deswelling process of polymers, are addressed systematically. Special interest is put on the applications of the encapsulated PQDs with improved stability in white light-emitting diodes, lasers, and biological applications. Finally, the main challenges in encapsulating PQDs and further investigation directions are discussed for future research to promote the development of stable metal halide perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Lv
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mingchuan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junxian Hong
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xingxing Tang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ligang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yinghong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
- Shanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
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Dutta A, Behera RK, Deb S, Baitalik S, Pradhan N. Doping Mn(II) in All-Inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper Phase of Tetragonal Cs 2PbCl 2I 2 Perovskite Nanoplatelets. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1954-1959. [PMID: 30943721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Doping Mn(II) in inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper phase Cs2PbCl2I2 perovskite nanoplatelets is reported. The host nanostructures were prepared with a calculative protocol taking the exact required composition of Cs(I) and Pb(II) and injecting the preformed mixed oleylammonium chlorides and iodides at optimized reaction temperature. Reactions were optimized with various halides and their mixtures, but the stable phase of the Cs2PbX4 system was obtained only for the chloride-iodide mixed-halide system. Introduction of Mn(II) along with Pb(II), resulted in successful light-emitting doped nanocrystals. Measuring the photoluminescence and the decay lifetimes at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures, the variations in the excitonic, self-trapped, and Mn dopant emission properties were compared with those of the chalcogenide and perovskite nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Dutta
- School of Materials Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Behera
- School of Materials Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Sourav Deb
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700032 , India
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Bao J, Hadjiev VG. Origin of Luminescent Centers and Edge States in Low-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites: Controversies, Challenges and Instructive Approaches. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2019; 11:26. [PMID: 34137990 PMCID: PMC7770881 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
With only a few deep-level defect states having a high formation energy and dominance of shallow carrier non-trapping defects, the defect-tolerant electronic and optical properties of lead halide perovskites have made them appealing materials for high-efficiency, low-cost, solar cells and light-emitting devices. As such, recent observations of apparently deep-level and highly luminescent states in low-dimensional perovskites have attracted enormous attention as well as intensive debates. The observed green emission in 2D CsPb2Br5 and 0D Cs4PbBr6 poses an enigma over whether it is originated from intrinsic point defects or simply from highly luminescent CsPbBr3 nanocrystals embedded in the otherwise transparent wide band gap semiconductors. The nature of deep-level edge emission in 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites is also not well understood. In this mini review, the experimental evidences that support the opposing interpretations are analyzed, and challenges and root causes for the controversy are discussed. Shortcomings in the current density functional theory approaches to modeling of properties and intrinsic point defects in lead halide perovskites are also noted. Selected experimental approaches are suggested to better correlate property with structure of a material and help resolve the controversies. Understanding and identification of the origin of luminescent centers will help design and engineer perovskites for wide device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Viktor G Hadjiev
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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37
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Shamsi J, Urban AS, Imran M, De Trizio L, Manna L. Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Post-Synthesis Modifications, and Their Optical Properties. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3296-3348. [PMID: 30758194 PMCID: PMC6418875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 579] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites represent a flourishing area of research, which is driven by both their potential application in photovoltaics and optoelectronics and by the fundamental science behind their unique optoelectronic properties. The emergence of new colloidal methods for the synthesis of halide perovskite nanocrystals, as well as the interesting characteristics of this new type of material, has attracted the attention of many researchers. This review aims to provide an up-to-date survey of this fast-moving field and will mainly focus on the different colloidal synthesis approaches that have been developed. We will examine the chemistry and the capability of different colloidal synthetic routes with regard to controlling the shape, size, and optical properties of the resulting nanocrystals. We will also provide an up-to-date overview of their postsynthesis transformations, and summarize the various solution processes that are aimed at fabricating halide perovskite-based nanocomposites. Furthermore, we will review the fundamental optical properties of halide perovskite nanocrystals by focusing on their linear optical properties, on the effects of quantum confinement, and on the current knowledge of their exciton binding energies. We will also discuss the emergence of nonlinear phenomena such as multiphoton absorption, biexcitons, and carrier multiplication. Finally, we will discuss open questions and possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Shamsi
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alexander S. Urban
- Nanospectroscopy
Group, Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Amalienstaße 54, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca De Trizio
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience and Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600AA Delft, The Netherlands
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38
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Zhang T, Chen Z, Shi Y, Xu QH. The photoluminescence mechanism of CsPb 2Br 5 microplates revealed by spatially resolved single particle spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3186-3192. [PMID: 30723854 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CsPb2Br5 is a new member of the all-inorganic lead halide perovskite family with unique structures and optoelectronic properties for various applications. As an indirect band gap semiconductor, the photoluminescence (PL) mechanism of CsPb2Br5 is still under debate. To resolve this issue, CsPb2Br5 microplates with strong green PL have been prepared by a hot-injection method. Characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy indicates the existence of a small amount of embedded CsPbBr3 phase. The removal of the embedded CsPbBr3 phase by treatment with water containing ethanol solvent resulted in complete PL quenching, suggesting the origin of PL due to the embedded CsPbBr3 phase. Spatially resolved PL and time-resolved PL mapping have been further employed to directly visualize the spatial distribution of different emission centers. Our single particle spectroscopic studies indicated the existence of three different emission centers with different PL lifetimes: two types of embedded CsPbBr3 phases (clumped and randomly distributed CsPbBr3 nanocrystals) and intrinsic defects of CsPb2Br5. The embedded CsPbBr3 phases with fast and intermediate PL lifetimes are the primary contributors to PL of the CsPb2Br5 microplates while their intrinsic defects with slow PL lifetimes make only a minor contribution. These studies have unambiguously clarified the PL mechanisms of the CsPb2Br5 microplates and provided the direct mapping of different emission centers, which resolve the contradictory explanation and debate about the PL mechanism of the CsPb2Br5 microplates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Zhang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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39
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Ma Z, Li F, Qi G, Wang L, Liu C, Wang K, Xiao G, Zou B. Structural stability and optical properties of two-dimensional perovskite-like CsPb 2Br 5 microplates in response to pressure. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:820-825. [PMID: 30525177 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05684f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the structural stability and visible light response of two-dimensional (2D) layered perovskite-like CsPb2Br5 microplates (MPs) under high pressure. In situ high-pressure emission, optical absorption, and angle dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction indicated that CsPb2Br5 MPs experienced an isostructural phase transformation at roughly 1.6 GPa. The shrinkage of Pb-Br bond lengths and the marked change of Br-Pb-Br bond angles within the lead-bromide pentahedral motif were responsible for the pressure-induced structural modulation and the sudden band-gap change of CsPb2Br5 MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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40
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Yin J, Zhang G, Tao X. A fractional crystallization technique towards pure mega-size CsPb2Br5 single crystal films. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce02191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple method called fractional crystallization was introduced to prepare pure large-area CsPb2Br5 single crystal films with high stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Institute of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Institute of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Institute of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
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41
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Zhai W, Lin J, Li C, Hu S, Huang Y, Yu C, Wen Z, Liu Z, Fang Y, Tang C. Solvothermal synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires with ultra-high aspect ratios for high-performance photodetectors. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21451-21458. [PMID: 30427016 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05683h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) inorganic perovskite nanowires (NWs) have attracted promising attention for application in the fields of photodetection, lasers and lighting due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. However the direct synthesis of highly pure all-inorganic perovskite NWs with well-defined morphologies and compositions still remains challenging. Here we report the controllable synthesis of brightly emitting cesium lead halide CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br) NWs and their assembly into high-performance photodetector nanodevices. High quality CsPbX3 NWs have been directly synthesized via a solvothermal method without using post-synthetic anion-exchange reactions. The NWs are single-crystalline, with uniform diameters of ∼10 nm and lengths of up to tens of microns, showing ultra-high aspect ratios. Both CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3 NWs show excellent photoluminescence (PL) characteristics with narrow emission spectra and high PL quantum yields (PLQYs). The photodetectors constructed on the CsPbX3 NWs and interdigital electrodes (with interdigitation widths up to 100 μm) exhibit promising photoelectric properties, achieving high switching ratios (5.8 × 103 for CsPbCl3 NW devices and 1.1 × 103 for CsPbBr3 NW devices) and fast response time. The present solvothermal approach is controllable, convenient, and is easily realized for quantifiable preparation, and can further promote the application of the all-inorganic perovskite NWs in the optoelectronic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.
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42
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Zou S, Yang G, Yang T, Zhao D, Gan Z, Chen W, Zhong H, Wen X, Jia B, Zou B. Template-Free Synthesis of High-Yield Fe-Doped Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Ultralong Microwires with Enhanced Two-Photon Absorption. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4878-4885. [PMID: 30079735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Doping in perovskite is challenging and competitive due to the inherently fast growth mechanism of perovskite structure. Here, we demonstrate successful synthesis of high-yield Fe-doped cesium lead halide perovskite ultralong microwires (MWs) that have diameters up to ∼5 μm and lengths up to millimeters via an antisolvent vapor-assisted template-free method. Microstructure characterization confirms the uniformly doped Fe in the high-quality crystal perovskite MWs. Significantly, doping the Fe(III) concentration can affect both the MW morphology and photoluminescence (PL). The band edge emission of the MW at variable excitation has been accounted for by the superposition and combination of optical transitions of nearby singlet, triplet, and magnetic polaronic excitons. High-quality two-photon PL emission and the enhanced nonlinear absorption coefficient of Fe-doped MWs have been experimentally demonstrated. This superhigh nonlinear absorption coefficient and high-quality optical properties endow it with promising applications in spin-related optical switching and optical limiting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyang Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Gaoling Yang
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Faculty of Physics , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Tieshan Yang
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Duan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Zhixing Gan
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Weijian Chen
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , UNSW Sydney , Sydney 2052 , Australia
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
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43
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Xiao P, Huang J, Yan D, Luo D, Yuan J, Liu B, Liang D. Emergence of Nanoplatelet Light-Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1376. [PMID: 30096754 PMCID: PMC6119858 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since 2014, nanoplatelet light-emitting diodes (NPL-LEDs) have been emerged as a new kind of LEDs. At first, NPL-LEDs are mainly realized by CdSe based NPLs. Since 2016, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite NPLs are found to be effective to develop NPL-LEDs. In 2017, all-inorganic perovskite NPLs are also demonstrated for NPL-LEDs. Therefore, the development of NPL-LEDs is flourishing. In this review, the fundamental concepts of NPL-LEDs are first introduced, then the main approaches to realize NPL-LEDs are summarized and the recent progress of representative NPL-LEDs is highlighted, finally the challenges and opportunities for NPL-LEDs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dong Liang
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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44
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Chen S, Lyu D, Ling T, Guo W. Reversible modulation of CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystal/gold nanoparticle heterostructures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4605-4608. [PMID: 29670962 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01325j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A facile strategy is illustrated to reversibly modulate CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal/Au nanoparticle heterostructures with the reversible formation and fragmentation of gold nanoparticles anchored to the corners and surface of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals. The modulation process was performed under ambient conditions and could be conducted for cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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45
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Akkerman Q, Abdelhady AL, Manna L. Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2326-2337. [PMID: 29652149 PMCID: PMC5937914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as new promising materials in the fields of photovoltaics and light emission due to their facile syntheses and exciting optical properties. The enthusiasm generated by LHPs has inspired research in perovskite-related materials, including the so-called "zero-dimensional cesium lead halides", which will be the focus of this Perspective. The structure of these materials is formed of disconnected lead halide octahedra that are stabilized by cesium ions. Their optical properties are dominated by optical transitions that are localized within the individual octahedra, hence the title "'zero-dimensional perovskites". Controversial results on their physical properties have recently been reported, and the true nature of their photoluminescence is still unclear. In this Perspective, we will take a close look at these materials, both as nanocrystals and as bulk crystals/thin films, discuss the contrasting opinions on their properties, propose potential applications, and provide an outlook on future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinten
A. Akkerman
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Ahmed L. Abdelhady
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- E-mail: (A.L.A.)
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry
Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- E-mail: (L.M.)
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46
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Ruan L, Lin J, Shen W, Deng Z. Ligand-mediated synthesis of compositionally related cesium lead halide CsPb 2X 5 nanowires with improved stability. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7658-7665. [PMID: 29648557 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00883c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Compositionally related cesium lead halide materials, such as CsPb2X5, have attracted great interest due to their considerable optoelectronic/optical properties as well as improved stability. Currently, CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals can be well-designed by tuning the ligands or precursor ratio, whereas, CsPb2X5 (with Cl- or I-) nanocrystals can only be obtained by the anion exchange method. Herein, we report a method to directly synthesize CsPb2X5 facilitated by thiol ligands. The morphology of CsPb2X5 can be designed as a nanowire. Importantly, the stability of directly synthesized CsPb2X5 nanowires is much improved when compared with the stabilities of the materials obtained by the anion-exchange method. We believe that this method will promote the application of 1D tetragonal CsPb2X5 in optoelectronics, optics and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Ruan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Chen Z, Tang Z, Zhao J, Lv Y, Lin J, Guo X, Zhang J, Liu X. Toward Highly Luminescent and Stabilized Silica-Coated Perovskite Quantum Dots through Simply Mixing and Stirring under Room Temperature in Air. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:13053-13061. [PMID: 29584397 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Methylammonium (MA) lead halide (MAPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are very sensitive to environment (moisture, oxygen, and temperature), suffering from poor stability. To improve the stability, we synthesized silica-coated PQDs (SPQDs) by an improved ligand-assisted reprecipitation method through simply mixing and stirring under room temperature in air without adding water and catalyst, the whole process took only a few seconds. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the SPQDs can be tuned continuously from 460 to 662 nm via adjusting the composition proportion of precursors. The highest PL quantum yields (PLQYs) of blue-, green-, and red-emissive SPQDs are 56, 95, and 70%, respectively. The SPQDs show remarkably improved environmental and thermal stability compared to the naked PQDs because of effective barrier created by the coated silica between the core materials and the ambience. Furthermore, it is found that different light-emitting SPQDs can maintain their original PL properties after mixing of them and anion-exchange reactions have not happened. These attributes were then used to mix green- and yellow-emissive SPQDs with polystyrene (PS) to form color-converting layers for the fabrication of white light-emitting devices (WLEDs). The WLEDs exhibit excellent white light characteristics with CIE 1931 color coordinates of (0.31, 0.34) and color rendering index (CRI) of 85, demonstrating promising applications of SPQDs in lighting and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039 , China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
| | - Zhenqiang Chen
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Zhaobing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039 , China
| | - Jialong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education , Jilin Normal University , Siping 136000 , China
| | - Ying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
| | - Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
| | - Xiaoyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications , Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
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48
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Shen W, Ruan L, Shen Z, Deng Z. Reversible light-mediated compositional and structural transitions between CsPbBr 3 and CsPb 2Br 5 nanosheets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2804-2807. [PMID: 29492497 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00139a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This communication describes a new method to achieve reversible light-induced chemical composition and phase structural transitions from polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped orthorhombic CsPbBr3 to tetragonal CsPb2Br5 nanosheets or vice versa. This work will deepen our understanding of the controlled synthesis, post-processing, and decomposition pathway of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Xu YC, Zhang QP, Liu JH, Wu Y, Liu LP, Xu DG, Zhou YL. PbWO4 nanofibers for shielding gamma radiation: crystal growth, morphology and performance evaluation. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01224e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Assembling anisotropic structures with versatility such as good thermal conductivity and mechanical loading for radiation shielding has recently attracted widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Quan-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Jun-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - You Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Dui-Gong Xu
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
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50
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Pan A, Jurow MJ, Qiu F, Yang J, Ren B, Urban JJ, He L, Liu Y. Nanorod Suprastructures from a Ternary Graphene Oxide-Polymer-CsPbX 3 Perovskite Nanocrystal Composite That Display High Environmental Stability. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6759-6765. [PMID: 28968132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the exceptional optoelectronic characteristics of the emergent perovskite nanocrystals, the ionic nature greatly limits their stability, and thus restricts their potential applications. Here we have adapted a self-assembly strategy to access a rarely reported nanorod suprastructure that provide excellent encapsulation of perovskite nanocrystals by polymer-grafted graphene oxide layers. Polyacrylic acid-grafted graphene oxide (GO-g-PAA) was used as a surface ligand during the synthesis of the CsPbX3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), yielding particles (5-12 nm) with tunable halide compositions that were homogeneously embedded in the GO-g-PAA matrix. The resulting NC-GO-g-PAA exhibits a higher photoluminescence quantum yield than previously reported encapsulated NCs while maintaining an easily tunable bandgap, allowing for emission spanning the visible spectrum. The NC-GO-g-PAA hybrid further self-assembles into well-defined nanorods upon solvent treatment. The resulting nanorod morphology imparts extraordinary chemical stability toward protic solvents such as methanol and water and much enhanced thermal stability. The introduction of barrier layers by embedding the perovskite NCs in the GO-g-PAA matrix, together with its unique assembly into nanorods, provides a novel strategy to afford robust perovskite emissive materials with environmental stability that may meet or exceed the requirement for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhao Pan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning WestRoad, 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew J Jurow
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fen Qiu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Juan Yang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Baoyi Ren
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province, College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology , Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ling He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xianning WestRoad, 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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