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Zheng M, Chu Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Xu J, Deng F. Advanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy and its applications in zeolite chemistry. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 140-141:1-41. [PMID: 38705634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy (ssNMR) can provide details about the structure, host-guest/guest-guest interactions and dynamic behavior of materials at atomic length scales. A crucial use of ssNMR is for the characterization of zeolite catalysts that are extensively employed in industrial catalytic processes. This review aims to spotlight the recent advancements in ssNMR spectroscopy and its application to zeolite chemistry. We first review the current ssNMR methods and techniques that are relevant to characterize zeolite catalysts, including advanced multinuclear and multidimensional experiments, in situ NMR techniques and hyperpolarization methods. Of these, the methodology development on half-integer quadrupolar nuclei is emphasized, which represent about two-thirds of stable NMR-active nuclei and are widely present in catalytic materials. Subsequently, we introduce the recent progress in understanding zeolite chemistry with the aid of these ssNMR methods and techniques, with a specific focus on the investigation of zeolite framework structures, zeolite crystallization mechanisms, surface active/acidic sites, host-guest/guest-guest interactions, and catalytic reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingji Zheng
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueying Chu
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feng Deng
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Gabrienko AA, Kvasova ES, Kolokolov DI, Gorbunov DE, Nizovtsev AS, Lashchinskaya ZN, Stepanov AG. Understanding Alkene Interaction with Metal-Modified Zeolites: Thermodynamics and Mechanism of Bonding in the π-Complex. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5083-5097. [PMID: 38453174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Zeolites modified with metal cations are perspective catalysts for converting light alkenes to valuable chemicals. A crucial step of the transformation is an alkene interaction with zeolite to afford π-complex with metal cations. The mechanism of alkene bonding with cations is still unclear. To address this problem, propene adsorption on H+ (Bro̷nsted acid site), Na+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Cu+, and Ag+ cationic sites in ZSM-5 zeolite has been studied by quantum chemical calculations in terms of adsorption enthalpy, νC═C frequency, and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis together with natural energy decomposition analysis (NEDA). It is revealed that the conventional concept of σ- and π-bonding is only partially applicable to alkene interaction with metal cations in zeolites. The orbital interaction between an alkene molecule and a metal site is more complex. Several different bonding mechanisms have been identified depending on the nature and electron configuration of the metal cation. This finding explains the complex correlations observed for propene π-complex stability and νC═C frequency shift or charge transfer from the alkene molecule. The results provide the basis for further understanding the interactions between alkenes and inorganic solid Bro̷nsted and Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A Gabrienko
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Kvasova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Daniil I Kolokolov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry E Gorbunov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton S Nizovtsev
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Zoya N Lashchinskaya
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexander G Stepanov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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3
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Lei C, Erlebach A, Brivio F, Grajciar L, Tošner Z, Heard CJ, Nachtigall P. The need for operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites: the effect of temperature, topology and water. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9101-9113. [PMID: 37655014 PMCID: PMC10466278 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02492j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid state (ss-) 27Al NMR is one of the most valuable tools for the experimental characterization of zeolites, owing to its high sensitivity and the detailed structural information which can be extracted from the spectra. Unfortunately, the interpretation of ss-NMR is complex and the determination of aluminum distributions remains generally unfeasible. As a result, computational modelling of 27Al ss-NMR spectra has grown increasingly popular as a means to support experimental characterization. However, a number of simplifying assumptions are commonly made in NMR modelling, several of which are not fully justified. In this work, we systematically evaluate the effects of various common models on the prediction of 27Al NMR chemical shifts in zeolites CHA and MOR. We demonstrate the necessity of operando modelling; in particular, taking into account the effects of water loading, temperature and the character of the charge-compensating cation. We observe that conclusions drawn from simple, high symmetry model systems such as CHA do not transfer well to more complex zeolites and can lead to qualitatively wrong interpretations of peak positions, Al assignment and even the number of signals. We use machine learning regression to develop a simple yet robust relationship between chemical shift and local structural parameters in Al-zeolites. This work highlights the need for sophisticated models and high-quality sampling in the field of NMR modelling and provides correlations which allow for the accurate prediction of chemical shifts from dynamical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lei
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Erlebach
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Federico Brivio
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Grajciar
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Tošner
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Christopher J Heard
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigall
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
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4
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Chizallet C, Bouchy C, Larmier K, Pirngruber G. Molecular Views on Mechanisms of Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Reactions in Zeolites. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6107-6196. [PMID: 36996355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The Brønsted acidity of proton-exchanged zeolites has historically led to the most impactful applications of these materials in heterogeneous catalysis, mainly in the fields of transformations of hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Unravelling the mechanisms at the atomic scale of these transformations has been the object of tremendous efforts in the last decades. Such investigations have extended our fundamental knowledge about the respective roles of acidity and confinement in the catalytic properties of proton exchanged zeolites. The emerging concepts are of general relevance at the crossroad of heterogeneous catalysis and molecular chemistry. In the present review, emphasis is given to molecular views on the mechanism of generic transformations catalyzed by Brønsted acid sites of zeolites, combining the information gained from advanced kinetic analysis, in situ, and operando spectroscopies, and quantum chemistry calculations. After reviewing the current knowledge on the nature of the Brønsted acid sites themselves, and the key parameters in catalysis by zeolites, a focus is made on reactions undergone by alkenes, alkanes, aromatic molecules, alcohols, and polyhydroxy molecules. Elementary events of C-C, C-H, and C-O bond breaking and formation are at the core of these reactions. Outlooks are given to take up the future challenges in the field, aiming at getting ever more accurate views on these mechanisms, and as the ultimate goal, to provide rational tools for the design of improved zeolite-based Brønsted acid catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Christophe Bouchy
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Kim Larmier
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Gerhard Pirngruber
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
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5
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Li J, Gao M, Yan W, Yu J. Regulation of the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites and their impact on properties. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1935-1959. [PMID: 36845940 PMCID: PMC9945477 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06010h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites are typically a class of crystalline microporous aluminosilicates that are constructed by SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra. Because of their unique porous structures, strong Brönsted acidity, molecular-level shape selectivity, exchangeable cations, and high thermal/hydrothermal stability, zeolites are widely used as catalysts, adsorbents, and ion-exchangers in industry. The activity, selectivity, and stability/durability of zeolites in applications are closely related to their Si/Al ratios and Al distributions in the framework. In this review, we discussed the basic principles and the state-of-the-art methodologies for regulating the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites, including seed-assisted recipe modification, interzeolite transformation, fluoride media, and usage of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs), etc. The conventional and newly developed characterization methods for determining the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions were summarized, which include X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), solid state 29Si/27Al magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (29Si/27Al MAS NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), etc. The impact of Si/Al ratios and Al distributions on the catalysis, adsorption/separation, and ion-exchange performance of zeolites were subsequently demonstrated. Finally, we presented a perspective on the precise control of the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites and the corresponding challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Wenfu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China .,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
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6
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Al-Nahari S, Dib E, Cammarano C, Saint-Germes E, Massiot D, Sarou-Kanian V, Alonso B. Impact of Mineralizing Agents on Aluminum Distribution and Acidity of ZSM-5 Zeolites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217992. [PMID: 36541742 PMCID: PMC10108163 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intensive research on improving the catalytic properties of zeolites is focused on modulating their acidity and the distribution of associated Al sites. Herein, by studying a series of ZSM-5 zeolites over a broad range of Al content, we demonstrate how the nature of the mineralizing agent (F- or OH- ) used in hydrothermal syntheses directly impacts Al sites distribution. The proportions of Al sites, probed by 27 Al NMR, depend on the Si/Al ratio for F- , but remain identical for OH- (from Si/Al=30 to 760). This leads to contrasting variations in weak and strong acidities. Such opposite effect of mineralizers is explained by the spatial location of negative charges and the resulting balance between short- and long-range electrostatic interactions. This understanding paves the way for additional and simple opportunities to control zeolites' acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Al-Nahari
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Eddy Dib
- LCS, Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Claudia Cammarano
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Etienne Saint-Germes
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - Bruno Alonso
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier cedex 5, France
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7
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Cheng G, Wang XX, Zhang SH, Zhu KK, Sui ZJ, Zhou XG, Chen D, Zhu YA. On the product and transition-state shape selectivities in 2-heptene isomerization. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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8
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Vanlommel S, Hoffman AEJ, Smet S, Radhakrishnan S, Asselman K, Chandran CV, Breynaert E, Kirschhock CEA, Martens JA, Van Speybroeck V. How Water and Ion Mobility Affect the NMR Fingerprints of the Hydrated JBW Zeolite: A Combined Computational-Experimental Investigation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202621. [PMID: 36005885 PMCID: PMC10092413 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An important aspect within zeolite synthesis is to make fully tunable framework materials with controlled aluminium distribution. A major challenge in characterising these zeolites at operating conditions is the presence of water. In this work, we investigate the effect of hydration on the 27 Al NMR parameters of the ultracrystalline K,Na-compensated aluminosilicate JBW zeolite using experimental and computational techniques. The JBW framework, with Si/Al ratio of 1, is an ideal benchmark system as a stepping stone towards more complicated zeolites. The presence and mobility of water and extraframework species directly affect NMR fingerprints. Excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental spectra is obtained provided dynamic methods are employed with hydrated structural models. This work shows how NMR is instrumental in characterising aluminium distributions in zeolites at operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siebe Vanlommel
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM)Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 469052ZwijnaardeBelgium
| | | | - Sam Smet
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Sambhu Radhakrishnan
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
- NMR-Xray platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe)KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Karel Asselman
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
| | - C. Vinod Chandran
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
- NMR-Xray platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe)KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Eric Breynaert
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
- NMR-Xray platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe)KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr.TallahasseeFL32310United States
| | | | - Johan A. Martens
- Center for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
- NMR-Xray platform for Convergence Research (NMRCoRe)KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 f, PO Box 24613001LeuvenBelgium
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9
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Wang W, Xu J, Deng F. Recent advances in solid-state NMR of zeolite catalysts. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac155. [PMID: 36131885 PMCID: PMC9486922 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites are important inorganic crystalline microporous materials with a broad range of applications in the areas of catalysis, ion exchange, and adsorption/separations. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful tool in the study of zeolites and relevant catalytic reactions because of its advantage in providing atomic-level insights into molecular structure and dynamic behavior. In this review, we provide a brief discussion on the recent progress in exploring framework structures, catalytically active sites and intermolecular interactions in zeolites and metal-containing ones by using various solid-state NMR methods. Advances in the mechanistic understanding of zeolite-catalysed reactions including methanol and ethanol conversions are presented as selected examples. Finally, we discuss the prospect of the solid-state NMR technique for its application in zeolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Feng Deng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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10
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Regression Machine Learning Models Used to Predict DFT-Computed NMR Parameters of Zeolites. COMPUTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/computation10050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning approaches can drastically decrease the computational time for the predictions of spectroscopic properties in materials, while preserving the quality of the computational approaches. We studied the performance of kernel-ridge regression (KRR) and gradient boosting regressor (GBR) models trained on the isotropic shielding values, computed with density-functional theory (DFT), in a series of different known zeolites containing out-of-frame metal cations or fluorine anion and organic structure-directing cations. The smooth overlap of atomic position descriptors were computed from the DFT-optimised Cartesian coordinates of each atoms in the zeolite crystal cells. The use of these descriptors as inputs in both machine learning regression methods led to the prediction of the DFT isotropic shielding values with mean errors within 0.6 ppm. The results showed that the GBR model scales better than the KRR model.
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11
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Dib E, Clatworthy EB, Cruchade H, Medeiros-Costa IC, Nesterenko N, Gilson JP, Mintova S. Exploration, explanation and exploitation of hydroxyls in zeolites. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac081. [PMID: 36128452 PMCID: PMC9477191 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Dib
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | - Edwin B Clatworthy
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | - Hugo Cruchade
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Gilson
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France
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12
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Salvadori E, Fusco E, Chiesa M. Long-Range Spatial Distribution of Single Aluminum Sites in Zeolites. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1283-1289. [PMID: 35099984 PMCID: PMC8842299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
How aluminum distributes during synthesis and rearranges after processing within the zeolite framework is a central question in heterogeneous catalysis, as it determines the structure and location of the catalytically active sites of the one of the most important classes of industrial catalysts. Here, exploiting the dipolar interaction between paramagnetic metal ions, we derive the spatial distribution of single aluminum sites within the ZSM-5 zeolite framework in the nanometer range, in polycrystalline samples lacking long-range order. We use a Monte Carlo approach to validate the findings on a pristine ZSM-5 sample and demonstrate that the method is sensitive enough to monitor aluminum redistribution induced in the framework by chemical stress.
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13
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Dib E, Clatworthy E, Lakiss L, Ruaux V, Mintova S. Hydroxyl environments in zeolites probed by deuterium solid-state MAS NMR combined with IR spectroscopy. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00824f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deuterium (2D) solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy is used for the first time for identifying both silanols and Brønsted acid sites in zeolites. The environments of hydroxyl groups in faujasite-type zeolites...
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14
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Dib E, Bernardo-Maestro B, López-Arbeloa F, Perez-Pariente J, Gómez-Hortigüela L. A combination of Proton Spin Diffusion NMR and molecular simulations to probe supramolecular assemblies of organic molecules in nanoporous materials. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5434-5440. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00497f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work we show the use of high-resolution 1H MAS NMR to distinguish between two kinds of aggregation states of (1R,2S)-ephedrine, a chiral organic structure directing agent, occluded within...
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15
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Liu W, Geng S, Zhang W, Liao F, Tang M, Fu H, Kuang X. Experimental and Theoretical Solid-State 29Si NMR Studies on Defect Structures in La 9.33+x(SiO 4) 6O 2+1.5x Apatite Oxide Ion Conductors. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16817-16825. [PMID: 34677070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxide ion conductors can be used as electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells, a promising energy-conversion technology. Local structures around the defects in oxide ion conductors are key for understanding the defect stabilization and migration mechanisms. As the defect contents are generally low, it is rather difficult to characterize the defect structure and therefore elucidate how oxide ions migrate. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing the local structures. However, the interpretation of NMR signals mainly based on the empirical knowledge could lead to unprecise local structures. There is still controversy regarding the defect structures in the apatite-type interstitial oxide ion conductors containing isolated tetrahedral units. Here, we combine the experimental solid-state 29Si NMR spectroscopy with theoretical density functional theory calculations to investigate the defect structures in La9.33+x(SiO4)6O2+1.5x apatites. The results indicate that the 29Si resonance signals on the high field side of the main peak corresponding to the Si atoms in the bulk structure are related to La vacancies and there is no steady-state SiO5 in the defect structures. This finding provides new atomic-level understanding to the stabilization and migration of interstitial oxide ions in silicate apatites, which could guide the design and discovery of new solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optic and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shipeng Geng
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optic and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Wenda Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optic and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fuhui Liao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingxue Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hui Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaojun Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optic and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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16
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Medeiros-Costa IC, Dib E, Nesterenko N, Dath JP, Gilson JP, Mintova S. Silanol defect engineering and healing in zeolites: opportunities to fine-tune their properties and performances. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11156-11179. [PMID: 34605833 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00395j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Zeolites have been game-changing materials in oil refining and petrochemistry over the last 60 years and have the potential to play the same role in the emerging processes of the energy and environmental transition. Although zeolites are crystalline inorganic solids, their structures are not perfect and the presence of defect sites - mainly Brønsted acid sites and silanols - influences their thermal and chemical resistance as well as their performances in key areas such as catalysis, gas and liquid separations and ion-exchange. In this paper, we review the type of defects in zeolites and the characterization techniques used for their identification and quantification with the focus on diffraction, spectroscopic and modeling approaches. More specifically, throughout the review, we will focus on silanol (Si-OH) defects located within the micropore structure and/or on the external surface of zeolites. The main approaches applied to engineer and heal defects and their consequences on the properties and applications of zeolites in catalysis and separation processes are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of silanol defect engineering in tuning the properties of zeolites to meet the requirements for specific applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabel C Medeiros-Costa
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Normandie University, ENSICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France. .,Total Research and Technology Feluy, B-7181 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Eddy Dib
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Normandie University, ENSICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France.
| | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Gilson
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Normandie University, ENSICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France.
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Normandie University, ENSICAEN, CNRS, 6 boulevard du Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France.
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17
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Wang Z, Chu W, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Chen H, Xiao D, Gong K, Li F, Li X, Hou G. The Role of Organic and Inorganic Structure-Directing Agents in Selective Al Substitution of Zeolite. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9398-9406. [PMID: 34553943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic and inorganic structure-directing agents (SDAs) impact Al distributions in zeolite, but the insights into how SDAs manipulate Al distribution have not been elucidated yet. Herein, the roles of different SDAs such as cyclohexylamine (CHA), hexamethylenimine (HMI), and Na+ in selective Al substitution of MCM-49 zeolite are investigated comprehensively by multinuclear solid-state NMR. The results demonstrate that MCM-49 synthesized with HMI shows relatively more T6 and T7 Al, while more T2 Al is observed using CHA. The formation of T2 Al in both MCM-49(HMI) and MCM-49(CHA) is derived from Na+, while protonated HMIs show bias in incorporation of T6 and T7 Al. Most HMIs are occluded in protonated status, and about half of CHAs are occluded in nonprotonated status. The close spatial proximity between nonprotonated CHAs and Na+ synergistically promotes the formation of zeolite structure, leading to more Na+ ions occluded in the zeolite channel with preferential T2 Al substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhengmao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ke Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiujie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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18
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Kolganov AA, Gabrienko AA, Chernyshov IY, Stepanov AG, Pidko EA. The accuracy challenge of the DFT-based molecular assignment of 13C MAS NMR characterization of surface intermediates in zeolite catalysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24004-24013. [PMID: 33075116 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04439c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the model and method choice on the DFT predicted 13C NMR chemical shifts of zeolite surface methoxide species has been systematically analyzed. Twelve 13C NMR chemical shift calculation protocols on full periodic and hybrid periodic-cluster DFT calculations with varied structural relaxation procedures are examined. The primary assessment of the accuracy of the computational protocols has been carried out for the Si-O(CH3)-Al surface methoxide species in ZSM-5 zeolite with well-defined experimental NMR parameters (chemical shift, δ(13C) value) as a reference. Different configurations of these surface intermediates and their location inside the ZSM-5 pores are considered explicitly. The predicted δ value deviates by up to ±0.8 ppm from the experimental value of 59 ppm due to the varied confinement of the methoxide species at different zeolite sites (model accuracy). The choice of the exchange-correlation functional (method accuracy) introduces ±1.5 ppm uncertainty in the computed chemical shifts. The accuracy of the predicted 13C NMR chemical shifts for the computational assignment of spectral characteristics of zeolite intermediates has been further analyzed by considering the potential intermediate species formed upon methane activation by Cu/ZSM-5 zeolite. The presence of Cu species in the vicinity of surface methoxide increases the prediction uncertainty to ±2.5 ppm. The full geometry relaxation of the local environment of an active site at an appropriate level of theory is critical to ensure a good agreement between the experimental and computed NMR data. Chemical shifts (δ) calculated via full geometry relaxation of a cluster model of a relevant portion of the zeolite lattice site are in the best agreement with the experimental values. Our analysis indicates that the full geometry optimization of a cluster model at the PBE0-D3/6-311G(d,p) level of theory followed by GIAO/PBE0-D3/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations is the most suitable approach for the calculation of 13C chemical shifts of zeolite surface intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Kolganov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton A Gabrienko
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia and Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ivan Yu Chernyshov
- TheoMAT Group, ChemBio Cluster, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Alexander G Stepanov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia and Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Pidko
- TheoMAT Group, ChemBio Cluster, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia and Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands.
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19
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Kaiser SK, Chen Z, Faust Akl D, Mitchell S, Pérez-Ramírez J. Single-Atom Catalysts across the Periodic Table. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11703-11809. [PMID: 33085890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolated atoms featuring unique reactivity are at the heart of enzymatic and homogeneous catalysts. In contrast, although the concept has long existed, single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SACs) have only recently gained prominence. Host materials have similar functions to ligands in homogeneous catalysts, determining the stability, local environment, and electronic properties of isolated atoms and thus providing a platform for tailoring heterogeneous catalysts for targeted applications. Within just a decade, we have witnessed many examples of SACs both disrupting diverse fields of heterogeneous catalysis with their distinctive reactivity and substantially enriching our understanding of molecular processes on surfaces. To date, the term SAC mostly refers to late transition metal-based systems, but numerous examples exist in which isolated atoms of other elements play key catalytic roles. This review provides a compositional encyclopedia of SACs, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the introduction of this term. By defining single-atom catalysis in the broadest sense, we explore the full elemental diversity, joining different areas across the whole periodic table, and discussing historical milestones and recent developments. In particular, we examine the coordination structures and associated properties accessed through distinct single-atom-host combinations and relate them to their main applications in thermo-, electro-, and photocatalysis, revealing trends in element-specific evolution, host design, and uses. Finally, we highlight frontiers in the field, including multimetallic SACs, atom proximity control, and possible applications for multistep and cascade reactions, identifying challenges, and propose directions for future development in this flourishing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina K Kaiser
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zupeng Chen
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Faust Akl
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sharon Mitchell
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javier Pérez-Ramírez
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Treps L, Gomez A, de Bruin T, Chizallet C. Environment, Stability and Acidity of External Surface Sites of Silicalite-1 and ZSM-5 Micro and Nano Slabs, Sheets, and Crystals. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laureline Treps
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize
, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Axel Gomez
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize
, 69360 Solaize, France
- Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University
, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Theodorus de Bruin
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau,
, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize
, 69360 Solaize, France
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21
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Martinelli A, Creci S, Vavra S, Carlsson PA, Skoglundh M. Local anisotropy in single crystals of zeotypes with the MFI framework structure evidenced by polarised Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1640-1654. [PMID: 31894792 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06199a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polarised Raman spectroscopy is used to characterise the local structure in single crystals of zeotypes, namely silicalite-1 and ZSM-5, which share the MFI framework structure. Attributes favourable for applying polarised Raman spectroscopy are the orthogonal axes of these single crystals and their size, i.e. 10 to 30 micrometers in all three directions. We show that the intensity of certain vibrational modes in silicalite-1 depends on the polarisation of the incident light, reflecting the anisotropic character of the molecular bonds contributing to these vibrations. Using these observations, and by estimating the depolarisation ratio (ρ) and the pseudo-order factor (f), we propose a more accurate assignment of the Raman active modes. More precisely, Raman intensities peaked at 294, 360, 383 and 472 cm-1 are attributed to bending modes in 10-, 6-, 5- and 4-membered rings, respectively. In the region of stretching modes, the vibration at 832 cm-1 is assigned to Si-O-Si bonds shared between 5-membered rings, which have an orientation parallel to the a-axis of the crystal. By virtue of having a strongly polarised character, the modes at 472 and 832 cm-1 can be used as orientational indicators. The proposed assignment is supported by the good agreement between experimental and simulated polar plots, where Raman intensities are plotted as a function of the polarisation angle of the incident light. Finally, upon partial substitution of Si atoms by Al, the crystalline structure is maintained and almost no spectroscopic changes are observed. The only significant difference is the increased width of most vibrational modes, which is consistent with the local lower symmetry. This is also seen in the angular dependence of selected vibrational modes that compared to the case of pure silicalite-1 appear less polarised. In the Raman spectrum of ZSM-5 a new feature at 974 cm-1 is observed, which we attribute to Al-OH stretching. In the high frequency range, the O-H stretching modes are observed which arise from the Si-O(H)-Al Brønsted acid sites. The intensity of the characteristic mode at 3611 cm-1 reveals an anisotropic character as well, which is in line with previous findings from solid state NMR that Al atoms distribute nonrandomly within the MFI framework structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Simone Creci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Szilvia Vavra
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Per-Anders Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Skoglundh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Mineva T, Dib E, Gaje A, Petitjean H, Bantignies JL, Alonso B. Zeolite Structure Direction: Identification, Strength and Involvement of Weak CH⋅⋅⋅O Hydrogen Bonds. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:149-153. [PMID: 31777135 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that weak CH⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds (HBs) are important host-guest interactions in zeolite assemblies involving structure directing organocations. This type of HB is identified between alkyl groups of the organic structure directing agent (OSDA) and the silica framework in as-synthesized silicalite-1 of complex topology (MFI) using a combination of experimental and theoretical data obtained at low and room temperatures. The 28 weak CH⋅⋅⋅O HBs, evidenced along dynamics simulation at room temperature, represent 30 % of the energy of the Coulomb electrostatic interaction between OSDA and the zeolite framework. The strongest and most stable HB found here connects the OSDA to the [41 52 62 ] cage containing F atoms and should contribute to preserve zeolite topology during crystal growth. An inspection of other as-synthesized zeolites of very different framework topology indicates that the directional CH⋅⋅⋅O HBs have to be considered when discussing zeolite structure directing phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzonka Mineva
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, ICGM-MACS, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, 240 av. du Prof. Emile Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Eddy Dib
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, ICGM-MACS, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, 240 av. du Prof. Emile Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Faculty of Engineering, Polytech Beirut, Sagesse University, P.O. Box: 50-501, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arnold Gaje
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, ICGM-MACS, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, 240 av. du Prof. Emile Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hugo Petitjean
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, ICGM-MACS, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, 240 av. du Prof. Emile Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bantignies
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS-Université de Montpellier, UMR 5221, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Alonso
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, ICGM-MACS, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, 240 av. du Prof. Emile Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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23
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Bailleul S, Yarulina I, Hoffman AEJ, Dokania A, Abou-Hamad E, Chowdhury AD, Pieters G, Hajek J, De Wispelaere K, Waroquier M, Gascon J, Van Speybroeck V. A Supramolecular View on the Cooperative Role of Brønsted and Lewis Acid Sites in Zeolites for Methanol Conversion. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14823-14842. [PMID: 31464134 PMCID: PMC6753656 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A systematic molecular level and spectroscopic investigation is presented to show the cooperative role of Brønsted acid and Lewis acid sites in zeolites for the conversion of methanol. Extra-framework alkaline-earth metal containing species and aluminum species decrease the number of Brønsted acid sites, as protonated metal clusters are formed. A combined experimental and theoretical effort shows that postsynthetically modified ZSM-5 zeolites, by incorporation of extra-framework alkaline-earth metals or by demetalation with dealuminating agents, contain both mononuclear [MOH]+ and double protonated binuclear metal clusters [M(μ-OH)2M]2+ (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and HOAl). The metal in the extra-framework clusters has a Lewis acid character, which is confirmed experimentally and theoretically by IR spectra of adsorbed pyridine. The strength of the Lewis acid sites (Mg > Ca > Sr > Ba) was characterized by a blue shift of characteristic IR peaks, thus offering a tool to sample Lewis acidity experimentally. The incorporation of extra-framework Lewis acid sites has a substantial influence on the reactivity of propene and benzene methylations. Alkaline-earth Lewis acid sites yield increased benzene methylation barriers and destabilization of typical aromatic intermediates, whereas propene methylation routes are less affected. The effect on the catalytic function is especially induced by the double protonated binuclear species. Overall, the extra-framework metal clusters have a dual effect on the catalytic function. By reducing the number of Brønsted acid sites and suppressing typical catalytic reactions in which aromatics are involved, an optimal propene selectivity and increased lifetime for methanol conversion over zeolites is obtained. The combined experimental and theoretical approach gives a unique insight into the nature of the supramolecular zeolite catalyst for methanol conversion which can be meticulously tuned by subtle interplay of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bailleul
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Irina Yarulina
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Catalytic Materials , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander E J Hoffman
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Abhay Dokania
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Catalytic Materials , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Edy Abou-Hamad
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Core Laboratories , Thuwal , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhishek Dutta Chowdhury
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Catalytic Materials , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Pieters
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Julianna Hajek
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Kristof De Wispelaere
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , KAUST Catalysis Center, Advanced Catalytic Materials , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , B-9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
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24
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Chen K, Abdolrahmani M, Horstmeier S, Pham TN, Nguyen VT, Zeets M, Wang B, Crossley S, White JL. Brønsted–Brønsted Synergies between Framework and Noncrystalline Protons in Zeolite H-ZSM-5. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuizhi Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Maryam Abdolrahmani
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Sarah Horstmeier
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Tram N. Pham
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Vy T. Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Michael Zeets
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Steven Crossley
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Jeffery L. White
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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25
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Berkson ZJ, Hsieh M, Smeets S, Gajan D, Lund A, Lesage A, Xie D, Zones SI, McCusker LB, Baerlocher C, Chmelka BF. Preferential Siting of Aluminum Heteroatoms in the Zeolite Catalyst Al‐SSZ‐70. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah J. Berkson
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Ming‐Feng Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Present address: Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Chilton P.O. Box 1, Belasis Avenue Billingham TS23 1LB UK
| | - Stef Smeets
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- Present address: Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - David Gajan
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Alicia Lund
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Dan Xie
- Chevron Energy Technology Company Richmond CA 94802 USA
| | | | - Lynne B. McCusker
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christian Baerlocher
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Bradley F. Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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Berkson ZJ, Hsieh M, Smeets S, Gajan D, Lund A, Lesage A, Xie D, Zones SI, McCusker LB, Baerlocher C, Chmelka BF. Preferential Siting of Aluminum Heteroatoms in the Zeolite Catalyst Al‐SSZ‐70. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6255-6259. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah J. Berkson
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Ming‐Feng Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Present address: Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Chilton P.O. Box 1, Belasis Avenue Billingham TS23 1LB UK
| | - Stef Smeets
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- Present address: Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - David Gajan
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Alicia Lund
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon) Université Lyon Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Dan Xie
- Chevron Energy Technology Company Richmond CA 94802 USA
| | | | - Lynne B. McCusker
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christian Baerlocher
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Laboratory of Crystallography ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Bradley F. Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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Wang S, He Y, Jiao W, Wang J, Fan W. Recent experimental and theoretical studies on Al siting/acid site distribution in zeolite framework. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Giovine R, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Magnetization transfer from protons to quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR using PRESTO or dipolar-mediated refocused INEPT methods. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 299:109-123. [PMID: 30594000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the through-space transfer of magnetization from protons to quadrupolar nuclei is employed to probe proximities between those isotopes. Furthermore, such transfer, in conjunction with Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP), can enhance the NMR sensitivity of quadrupolar nuclei, as it allows the transfer of DNP-enhanced 1H polarization to surrounding nuclei. We compare here the performances of two approaches to achieve such transfer: PRESTO (Phase-shifted Recoupling Effects a Smooth Transfer of Order), which is currently the method of choice to achieve the magnetization transfer from protons to quadrupolar nuclei and which has been shown to supersede Cross-Polarization under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS) for quadrupolar nuclei and D-RINEPT (Dipolar-mediated Refocused Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer) using symmetry-based SR412 recoupling, which has already been employed to transfer the magnetization in the reverse way from half-integer quadrupolar spin to protons. We also test the PRESTO sequence with R1676 recoupling using 270090180 composite π-pulses as inversion elements. This recoupling scheme, which has previously been proposed to reintroduce 1H Chemical Shift Anisotropy (CSA) at high MAS frequencies with high robustness to rf-field inhomogeneity, has not so far been employed to reintroduce dipolar couplings with protons. These various techniques to transfer magnetization from protons to quadrupolar nuclei are analyzed using (i) an average Hamiltonian theory, (ii) numerical simulations of spin dynamics, and (iii) experimental 1H → 27Al and 1H → 17O transfers in as-synthesized AlPO4-14 and 17O-labelled fumed silica, respectively. The experiments and simulations are done at two magnetic fields (9.4 and 18.8 T) and several spinning speeds (15, 18-24 and 60 kHz). This analysis indicates that owing to its γ-encoded character, PRESTO yields the highest transfer efficiency at low magnetic fields and MAS frequencies, whereas owing to its higher robustness to rf-field inhomogeneity and chemical shifts, D-RINEPT is more sensitive at high fields and MAS frequencies, notably for protons exhibiting large offset or CSA, such as those involved in hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raynald Giovine
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; IUF, Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; Bruker France, 34 rue de l'Industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France.
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29
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Zhang P, Yang X, Hou X, Mi J, Yuan Z, Huang J, Stampfl C. Active sites and mechanism of the direct conversion of methane and carbon dioxide to acetic acid over the zinc-modified H-ZSM-5 zeolite. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01749f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of the conversion of CH4 and CO2 on zinc modified H-ZSM-5 is strongly dependent on the structure of the active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- School of Physics
- The University of Sydney
- Sydney
- Australia
- Laboratory for Catalysis Engineering
| | - Xuejing Yang
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Xiuli Hou
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Jianli Mi
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Zhizhong Yuan
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- China
| | - Jun Huang
- Laboratory for Catalysis Engineering
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
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Zhang N, Liu C, Ma J, Li R, Jiao H. Determining the structures, acidity and adsorption properties of Al substituted HZSM-5. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18758-18768. [PMID: 31429454 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04050a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Determining the locations and distributions of Al substitution in zeolite-based catalysts and catalysis is always very challenging. Despite advanced experimental characterization techniques and improved theoretical models, this issue is not reasonably solved and this is because the locations and distributions of Al substitution in zeolites are more kinetically than thermodynamically controlled. In this work, we computed one Al substitution in the orthorhombic form of MFI (HZSM-5) which contains 12 distinct tetrahedral (T) centers on the basis of a periodic slab model containing 96 T centers including van der Waals dispersion correction (GGA-PBE-D3). For all 12 T centers, there are 48 acidic sites and each site can be considered for the adsorption of probe molecules. Thermodynamically, the energy span of the twelve most stable acidic sites is less than 15 kJ mol-1, and such a small energy difference enables all adjustable possibilities for the locations and distributions of Al substitution under suitable conditions. Excellent agreement between experiment and theory in the adsorption enthalpies of pyridine, methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine shows that the location of Al substitution is most likely at T1, T3, T5, T7 and T11, while much less likely at the often used T12 site. These results provide the basis for identifying Al substitution in new synthesized HZSM-5 catalysts and for studying the acidic site-dependent catalytic activity of HZSM-5 in cracking and hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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