1
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Cortés-Villena A, Bellezza D, Cunha C, Rosa-Pardo I, Seijas-Da Silva Á, Pina J, Abellán G, Seixas de Melo JS, Galian RE, Pérez-Prieto J. Engineering Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with BODIPY Dyes for Photosensitization and Photocatalytic Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14479-14492. [PMID: 38572736 PMCID: PMC11140745 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The sensitization of surface-anchored organic dyes on semiconductor nanocrystals through energy transfer mechanisms has received increasing attention owing to their potential applications in photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis, and photon upconversion. Here, we investigate the sensitization mechanisms through visible-light excitation of two nanohybrids based on CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NC) functionalized with borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes, specifically 8-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BDP) and 8-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,6-diiodo-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (I2-BDP), named as NC@BDP and NC@I2-BDP, respectively. The ability of I2-BDP dyes to extract hot hole carriers from the perovskite nanocrystals is comprehensively investigated by combining steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence as well as femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with spectroelectrochemistry and quantum chemical theoretical calculations, which together provide a complete overview of the phenomena that take place in the nanohybrid. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) dominates (82%) the photosensitization of the singlet excited state of BDP in the NC@BDP nanohybrid with a rate constant of 3.8 ± 0.2 × 1010 s-1, while charge transfer (64%) mediated by an ultrafast charge transfer rate constant of 1.00 ± 0.08 × 1012 s-1 from hot states and hole transfer from the band edge is found to be mainly responsible for the photosensitization of the triplet excited state of I2-BDP in the NC@I2-BDP nanohybrid. These findings suggest that the NC@I2-BDP nanohybrid is a unique energy transfer photocatalyst for oxidizing α-terpinene to ascaridole through singlet oxygen formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cortés-Villena
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Delia Bellezza
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Cunha
- CQC-IMS,
Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Rosa-Pardo
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Seijas-Da Silva
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - João Pina
- CQC-IMS,
Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Gonzalo Abellán
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Raquel E. Galian
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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2
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Huang T, He S, Ni A, Lian T, Lee Tang M. Triplet energy transfer from quantum dots increases Ln(iii) photoluminescence, enabling excitation at visible wavelengths. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4556-4563. [PMID: 38516074 PMCID: PMC10952073 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Europium(iii) complexes are promising for bioimaging because of their long-lived, narrow emission. The photoluminescence (PL) from europium(iii) complexes is usually low. Thus, the effective utilization of low-energy light >400 nm and enhancement of PL are long-standing goals. Here, we show for the first time that 1-naphthoic acid triplet transmitter ligands bound to CdS quantum dots (QDs) and europium(iii) complexes create an energy transfer cascade that takes advantage of the strong QD absorption. This is confirmed by transient absorption spectroscopy, which shows hole mediated triplet energy transfer from QDs to 1-NCA, followed by triplet transfer from 1-NCA to europium(iii) complexes with an efficiency of 65.9 ± 7.7%. Smaller CdS QDs with a larger driving force lead to higher triplet transfer efficiency, with Eu(iii) PL intensity enhanced up to 21.4 times, the highest value ever reported. This hybrid QD system introduces an innovative approach to enhance the brightness of europium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Anji Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Ming Lee Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
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3
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Chakkamalayath J, Martin LE, Kamat PV. Extending Infrared Emission via Energy Transfer in a CsPbI 3-Cyanine Dye Hybrid. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:401-407. [PMID: 38176062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Directing energy flow in light harvesting assemblies of nanocrystal-chromophore hybrid systems requires a better understanding of factors that dictate excited-state processes. In this study, we explore excited-state interactions within the CsPbI3-cyanine dye (IR125) hybrid assembly through a comprehensive set of steady-state and time-resolved absorption and photoluminescence (PL) experiments. Our photoluminescence investigations reveal the quenching of CsPbI3 emission alongside the simultaneous enhancement of IR125 fluorescence, providing evidence for a singlet energy transfer. The evaluation of both photoluminescence (PL) quenching and PL decay measurements yield ∼94% energy transfer efficiency for the CsPbI3-IR125 hybrid assembly. Transient absorption spectroscopy further unveils that this singlet energy transfer process operates on an ultrafast time scale, occurring within 400 ps with a rate constant of energy transfer of 1.4 × 1010 s-1. Our findings highlight the potential of the CsPbI3-IR125 hybrid assembly to extend the emission of halide perovskites into the infrared region, paving the way for light energy harvesting and display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishnudas Chakkamalayath
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Lauren E Martin
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Prashant V Kamat
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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4
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Jagadeeswararao M, Galian RE, Pérez-Prieto J. Photocatalysis Based on Metal Halide Perovskites for Organic Chemical Transformations. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:94. [PMID: 38202549 PMCID: PMC10780689 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysts incorporating metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable attributes: strong visible-light absorption, tuneable band energy levels, rapid charge transfer, and defect tolerance. Additionally, the promising optical and electronic properties of MHP nanocrystals can be harnessed for photocatalytic applications through controlled crystal structure engineering, involving composition tuning via metal ion and halide ion variations, dimensional tuning, and surface chemistry modifications. Combination of perovskites with other materials can improve the photoinduced charge separation and charge transfer, building heterostructures with different band alignments, such as type-II, Z-scheme, and Schottky heterojunctions, which can fine-tune redox potentials of the perovskite for photocatalytic organic reactions. This review delves into the activation of organic molecules through charge and energy transfer mechanisms. The review further investigates the impact of crystal engineering on photocatalytic activity, spanning a diverse array of organic transformations, such as C-X bond formation (X = C, N, and O), [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] cycloadditions, substrate isomerization, and asymmetric catalysis. This study provides insights to propel the advancement of metal halide perovskite-based photocatalysts, thereby fostering innovation in organic chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel E. Galian
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain;
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5
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Gong N, Xu B, Mo J, Man T, Qiu J. Defect engineering of inorganic sensitizers for efficient triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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6
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Fast quinazolinone synthesis by combining enzymatic catalysis and photocatalysis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:525-534. [PMID: 36445645 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A fast and highly efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized quinazolinones by combining enzymatic catalysis and photocatalysis is reported. The α-Chymotrypsin catalyzed the cyclization of aldehyde and 2-aminobenzamide, which was subsequently followed by White LED-induced oxidation of 2-phenyl-2, 3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one to obtain quinazolinone. The reaction process was highly efficient with a reaction yield of 99% in just 2 h, and a wide range of quinazolinones could be synthesized. Furthermore, the plausible mechanism was investigated by control experiments and DFT calculations. This protocol provides an alternative synthetic route for the preparation of quinazolinone derivatives.
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7
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Liu M, Xia P, Zhao G, Nie C, Gao K, He S, Wang L, Wu K. Energy‐Transfer Photocatalysis Using Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Sensitizing Molecular Isomerization and Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208241. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Pan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Guohui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chengming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Kaimin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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8
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Weiss R, VanOrman ZA, Sullivan CM, Nienhaus L. A Sensitizer of Purpose: Generating Triplet Excitons with Semiconductor Nanocrystals. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:641-654. [PMID: 36855545 PMCID: PMC9928406 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The process of photon upconversion promises importance for many optoelectronic applications, as it can result in higher efficiencies and more effective photon management. Upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) occurs at low incident powers and at high efficiencies, requirements for integration into existing optoelectronic devices. Semiconductor nanocrystals are a diverse class of triplet sensitizers with advantages over traditional molecular sensitizers such as energetic tunability and minimal energy loss during the triplet sensitization process. In this Perspective, we review current progress in semiconductor nanocrystal triplet sensitization, specifically focusing on the nanocrystal, the ligand shell which surrounds the nanocrystal, and progress in solid-state sensitization. Finally, we discuss potential areas of improvement which could result in more efficient upconversion systems sensitized by semiconductor nanocrystals. Specifically, we focus on the development of solid-state TTA upconversion systems, elucidation of the energy transfer mechanisms from nanocrystal to transmitter ligand which underpin the upconversion process and propose novel configurations of nanocrystal-sensitized systems.
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9
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Liu M, Xia P, Zhao G, Nie C, Gao K, he S, Wang L, Wu K. Energy‐Transfer Photocatalysis Using Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Sensitizing Molecular Isomerization and Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Pan Xia
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Guohui Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Chengming Nie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Kaimin Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Shan he
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics CHINA
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics 457 Zhongshan RdBldg 36 116023 Dalian CHINA
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10
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Triplet Energy Transfer between Inorganic Nanocrystals and Organic Molecules. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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11
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Zhang X, Hudson MH, Castellano FN. Engineering Long-Lived Blue Photoluminescence from InP Quantum Dots Using Isomers of Naphthoic Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3527-3534. [PMID: 35188779 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leveraging triplet excitons in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in concert with surface-anchored molecules to produce long-lifetime thermally activated delayed photoluminescence (TADPL) continues to emerge as a promising technology in diverse areas including photochemical catalysis and light generation. All QDs presently used to generate TADPL in QD/molecule constructs contain toxic metals including Cd(II) and Pb(II), ultimately limiting potential real-world applications. Here, we report newly conceived blue-emitting TADPL-producing nanomaterials featuring InP QDs interfaced with 1- and 2-naphthoic acid (1-NA and 2-NA) ligands. These constitutional isomers feature similar triplet energies but disparate triplet lifetimes, translating into InP-based TADPL processes displaying two distinct average lifetime ranges upon cooling from 293 to 193 K. The time constants fall between 4.4 and 59.2 μs in the 2-NA-decorated InP QDs while further expanding between 84.2 and 733.2 μs in the corresponding 1-NA-ligated InP materials, representing a 167-fold time window. The resulting long-lived excited states enabled facile bimolecular triplet sensitization of 1O2 phosphorescence in the near-IR and promoted sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation photochemistry in 2,5-diphenyloxazole. We speculate that the discovery of new nanomaterials exhibiting TADPL lies on the horizon as myriad QDs can be readily derivatized using isomers of numerous classes of surface-anchoring chromophores yielding precisely regulated photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Margaret H Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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12
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Shi S, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Li L, Geng C, Xia Y, Zhu J, Xu S. Nonradiative Energy Transfer from CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals to CdSe/CdS Nanocrystals for Efficient Light Down Conversion. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11710-11716. [PMID: 34846910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are emerging luminescent materials with superior optical properties. However, the light-conversion application of NCs is restricted by reabsorption-induced fluorescent quenching. Here, a NC-NC Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system is developed by employing large CsPbBr3 NCs as donors and CdSe/CdS NCs as acceptors. The FRET systems using toluene and octadecene as solvents show decreases of 10% and 14%, respectively, in the integrated photoluminescence (PL) intensity, far below the reabsorption loss observed in concentrated CdSe/CdS NCs (>30%) at the same color purity. Notably, we demonstrate by transient absorption measurements that the styrene-mediated FRET system involves a Dexter energy transfer process, which enables the harvesting of triplet excitons and leads to an additional PL enhancement at system level by a maximum of 40% instead of fluorescence quenching. The remarkably improved light-conversion efficiency and antiquenching property make the proposed NC-NC system superior in light down-conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - ShuangShuang Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chong Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqin Xia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
| | - JunJie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P. R. China
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13
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DuBose JT, Kamat PV. Directing Energy Transfer in Halide Perovskite-Chromophore Hybrid Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19214-19223. [PMID: 34726894 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Directing the flow of energy and the nature of the excited states that are produced in nanocrystal-chromophore hybrid assemblies is crucial for realizing their photocatalytic and optoelectronic applications. Using a combination of steady-state and time-resolved absorption and photoluminescence (PL) experiments, we have probed the excited-state interactions in the CsPbBr3-Rhodamine B (RhB) hybrid assembly. PL studies reveal quenching of the CsPbBr3 emission with a concomitant enhancement of the fluorescence of RhB, indicating a singlet-energy-transfer mechanism. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows that this energy transfer occurs on the ∼200 ps time scale. To understand whether the energy transfer occurs through a Förster or Dexter mechanism, we leveraged facile halide-exchange reactions to tune the optical properties of the donor CsPbBr3 by alloying with chloride. This allowed us to tune the spectral overlap between the donor CsPb(Br1-xClx)3 emission and acceptor RhB absorption. For CsPbBr3-RhB, the rate constant for energy transfer (kET) agrees well with Förster theory, whereas alloying with chloride to produce chloride-rich CsPb(Br1-xClx)3 favors a Dexter mechanism. These results highlight the importance of optimizing both the donor and acceptor properties to design light-harvesting assemblies that employ energy transfer. The ease of tuning optical properties through halide exchange of the nanocrystal donor provides a unique platform for studying and tailoring excited-state interactions in perovskite-chromophore assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T DuBose
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Prashant V Kamat
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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14
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Elshanawany MM, Ricciardulli AG, Saliba M, Wachtveitl J, Braun M. Mechanism of ultrafast energy transfer between the organic-inorganic layers in multiple-ring aromatic spacers for 2D perovskites. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15668-15676. [PMID: 34523656 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide based perovskite semiconductors self-assemble with distinct organic cations in natural multi-quantum-well structures. The emerging electronic properties of these two-dimensional (2D) materials can be controlled by the combination of the halide content and choice of chromophore in the organic layer. Understanding the photophysics of the perovskite semiconductor materials is critical for the optimization of stable and efficient optoelectronic devices. We use femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS) to study the mechanism of energy transfer between the organic and inorganic layers in a series of three lead-based mixed-halide perovskites such as benzylammonium (BA), 1-naphthylmethylammonium (NMA), and 1-pyrenemethylammonium (PMA) cations in 2D-lead-based perovskite thin films under similar experimental conditions. After optical excitation of the 2D-confined exciton in the lead halide layer, ultrafast energy transfer is observed to organic singlet and triplet states of the incorporated chromophores. This is explained by an effective Dexter energy transfer, which operates via a correlated electron exchange between the donating 2D-confined exciton and the accepting chromophore under spin conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Elshanawany
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | | | - Michael Saliba
- Institute of Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Markus Braun
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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15
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He S, Han Y, Guo J, Wu K. Entropy-Gated Thermally Activated Delayed Emission Lifetime in Phenanthrene-Functionalized CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8598-8604. [PMID: 34468154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Charge and electronic energy transfer form the basis of many natural and artificial energy transduction systems. The energy landscapes that drive these transfer processes are often constructed from enthalpy changes. In contrast, the entropic effect, although occasionally invoked to explain some excited-state dynamics, has rarely been used to actively control charge/energy flow. Here we derive a generic formula describing how entropy can quantitatively gate the thermally activated delayed emission lifetime in semiconductor nanocrystal-molecular triplet acceptor complexes and experimentally verify the model using highly emissive, quantum-confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals surface-functionalized with multiple phenanthrene triplet acceptors. Triplet energy transfer from photoexcited CsPbBr3 nanocrystals to phenanthrene is followed by thermally activated repopulation of nanocrystal excitons, leading to delayed nanocrystal emission. The lifetime of delayed emission increases with the phenanthrene/nanocrystal ratio, due to lowering of the free energy of the acceptor state by entropic gain. This study points toward a direction of using entropy to artificially design donor-acceptor light-emitting materials with predetermined excited-state lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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16
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Nah Y, Allam O, Kim HS, Choi JI, Kim IS, Byun J, Kim SO, Jang SS, Kim DH. Spectral Instability of Layered Mixed Halide Perovskites Results from Anion Phase Redistribution and Selective Hole Injection. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1486-1496. [PMID: 33382600 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ability to precisely tune their bandgap energies, mixed halide perovskites (MHPs) suffer from significant spectral instability, which obstructs their utilization for the rational design of light-emitting diodes. Here, we investigate the origin of the electroluminescence peak shifts in layered MHPs containing bromide and iodide. X-ray diffraction and steady-state absorption measurements prove effective integration of iodide into the cubic lattice and the spatially uniform distribution of halides in the ambient environment. However, the applied electric field during the device operation is found to drive the systematic halide migration. Quantum mechanical density functional theory calculations reveal that the different activation energies required for directional ion hopping lead to the redistribution of anions. In-depth analyses of the electroluminescence spectra indicate that the spectral shifting rate is dependent on the drift velocity of halides. Finally, it is suggested from our study that the dominant red emission is ascribed to the thermodynamically favorable selective hole injection. Our mechanistic study provides insights into the fundamental reason for the spectral instability of devices based on MHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseo Nah
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Omar Allam
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Han Seul Kim
- Center for Supercomputing Applications, National Institute of Supercomputing and Networking, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Il Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - In Soo Kim
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Byun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soon Jang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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17
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Zhao G, Chen Z, Xiong K, Liang G, Zhang J, Wu K. Triplet energy migration pathways from PbS quantum dots to surface-anchored polyacenes controlled by charge transfer. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1303-1310. [PMID: 33409530 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensitization of molecular triplets using PbS quantum dots (QDs), followed by efficient triplet fusion, has been developed as a novel route to near-infrared-to-visible photon upconversion. Fundamentally, however, the mechanisms of triplet energy transfer (TET) from PbS QDs to surface-anchored polyacence acceptors remain highly debated. Here we study and side-by-side compare the kinetic pathways of TET from photoexcited PbS QDs to surface-anchored tetracene and pentacene derivatives using broad-band transient absorption spectroscopy spanning multiple decades of timescales. We find that the TET pathways are dictated by charge-transfer energetics at the QD/molecule interface. Charge transfer from QDs to tetracene was strongly endothermic, and hence spectroscopy showed one-step transformation from QD excited states to tetracene triplets in 302 ns. In contrast, hole transfer from QDs to pentacene was thermodynamically favoured and was confirmed by the formation of pentacene cation radicals in 13 ps, which subsequently evolved into pentacene triplets through a 101 ns electron transfer process. These results not only are consistent with a recently-established framework of charge-transfer-mediated TET, but also provide a route to manipulate triplet sensitization using lead-salt QDs for efficient upconversion of near-infrared photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China. and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
| | - Kao Xiong
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China.
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
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18
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Steiner AM, Lissel F, Fery A, Lauth J, Scheele M. Perspektiven gekoppelter organisch‐anorganischer Nanostrukturen für Ladungs‐ und Energietransferanwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Maria Steiner
- Institut Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Franziska Lissel
- Institut Makromolekulare Chemie Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstr. 4 01064 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institut Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstr. 4 01064 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Jannika Lauth
- Leibniz-Universität Hannover Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Deutschland
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Deutschland
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19
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Steiner AM, Lissel F, Fery A, Lauth J, Scheele M. Prospects of Coupled Organic-Inorganic Nanostructures for Charge and Energy Transfer Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1152-1175. [PMID: 32173981 PMCID: PMC7821299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We review the field of organic-inorganic nanocomposites with a focus on materials that exhibit a significant degree of electronic coupling across the hybrid interface. These nanocomposites undergo a variety of charge and energy transfer processes, enabling optoelectronic applications in devices which exploit singlet fission, triplet energy harvesting, photon upconversion or hot charge carrier transfer. We discuss the physical chemistry of the most common organic and inorganic components. Based on those we derive synthesis and assembly strategies and design criteria on material and device level with a focus on photovoltaics, spin memories or optical upconverters. We conclude that future research in the field should be directed towards an improved understanding of the binding motif and molecular orientation at the hybrid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Maria Steiner
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Polymer PhysicsLeibniz Institute of Polymer ResearchHohe Str. 601069DresdenGermany
| | - Franziska Lissel
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute of Polymer ResearchHohe Str. 601069DresdenGermany
- Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstr. 401064DresdenGermany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Polymer PhysicsLeibniz Institute of Polymer ResearchHohe Str. 601069DresdenGermany
- Technische Universität DresdenMommsenstr. 401064DresdenGermany
| | - Jannika Lauth
- Leibniz Universität HannoverInstitute of Physical Chemistry and ElectrochemistryCallinstr. 3A30167HannoverGermany
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Eberhard Karls-Universität TübingenInstitute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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20
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He S, Lai R, Jiang Q, Han Y, Luo X, Tian Y, Liu X, Wu K. Engineering Sensitized Photon Upconversion Efficiency via Nanocrystal Wavefunction and Molecular Geometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Runchen Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Qike Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Yuyang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
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21
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Jin T, Lian T. Trap state mediated triplet energy transfer from CdSe quantum dots to molecular acceptors. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:074703. [PMID: 32828113 DOI: 10.1063/5.0022061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplet energy transfer (TET) from quantum dots (QDs) to molecular acceptors has received intense research interest because of its promising application as triplet sensitizers in photon up-conversion. Compared to QD band edge excitons, the role and mechanism of trap state mediated TET in QD-acceptor complexes have not been well understood despite the prevalence of trap states in many QDs. Herein, TET from trap states in CdSe QDs to adsorbed 9-anthracene carboxylic acid (ACA) is studied with steady state photoluminescence, transient absorption spectroscopy, and time-resolved photoluminescence. We show that both band edge and trap excitons undergo direct Dexter energy transfer to form the triplet excited state of ACA. The rate of TET decreases from (0.340 ± 0.002) ns-1 to (0.124 ± 0.004) ns-1 for trap excitons with decreasing energy from 2.25 eV to 1.57 eV, while the TET rate from band edge excitons is 13-37 times faster than trapped excitons. Despite slightly higher TET quantum efficiency from band edge excitons (∼100%) than trapped excitons (∼95%), the overall TET process from CdSe to ACA is dominated by trapped excitons because of their larger relative populations. This result demonstrates the important role of trap state mediated TET in nanocrystal sensitized triplet generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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22
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Jiang Y, Weiss EA. Colloidal Quantum Dots as Photocatalysts for Triplet Excited State Reactions of Organic Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15219-15229. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Emily A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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23
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Xu Z, Huang Z, Li C, Huang T, Evangelista FA, Tang ML, Lian T. Tuning the Quantum Dot (QD)/Mediator Interface for Optimal Efficiency of QD-Sensitized Near-Infrared-to-Visible Photon Upconversion Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36558-36567. [PMID: 32677433 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) have shown promising performance as a sensitizer in infrared-to-visible photon upconversion systems. To investigate the key design rules, we compare three PbS-sensitized upconversion systems using three mediator molecules with the same tetracene triplet acceptor at different distances from the QD. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, we directly measure the triplet energy-transfer rates and efficiencies from the QD to the mediator and from the mediator to the emitter. With increasing distance between the mediator and PbS QD, the efficiency of the first triplet energy transfer from the QD to the mediator decreases because of a decrease in the rate of this triplet energy-transfer step, while the efficiency of the second triplet energy transfer from the mediator to the emitter increases because of a reduction in the QD-induced mediator triplet state decay. The latter effect is a result of the slow rate constant of the second triplet energy-transfer process, which is 3 orders of magnitude slower than the diffusion-limited value. The combined results lead to a net decrease of the steady-state upconversion quantum yield with distance, which could be predicted by our kinetic model. Our result shows that the QD/mediator interface affects both the first and second triplet energy transfer processes in the photon upconversion system, and the QD/mediator distance has an opposite effect on the efficiencies of the first and second triplet energy transfer. These findings provide important insight for the further rational improvement of the overall efficiency of QD-based upconversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | - Ming L Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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24
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He S, Lai R, Jiang Q, Han Y, Luo X, Tian Y, Liu X, Wu K. Engineering Sensitized Photon Upconversion Efficiency via Nanocrystal Wavefunction and Molecular Geometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17726-17731. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Runchen Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Qike Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Yuyang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
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25
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Wieghold S, Bieber AS, Lackner J, Nienhaus K, Nienhaus GU, Nienhaus L. One‐Step Fabrication of Perovskite‐Based Upconversion Devices. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wieghold
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
| | - Alexander S. Bieber
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
| | - Jens Lackner
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - G. Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
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26
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Yonemoto DT, Papa CM, Mongin C, Castellano FN. Thermally Activated Delayed Photoluminescence: Deterministic Control of Excited-State Decay. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10883-10893. [PMID: 32497428 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated photophysical processes are ubiquitous in numerous organic and metal-organic molecules, leading to chromophores with excited-state properties that can be considered an equilibrium mixture of the available low-lying states. Relative populations of the equilibrated states are governed by temperature. Such molecules have been devised as high quantum yield emitters in modern organic light-emitting diode technology and for deterministic excited-state lifetime control to enhance chemical reactivity in solar energy conversion and photocatalytic schemes. The recent discovery of thermally activated photophysics at CdSe nanocrystal-molecule interfaces enables a new paradigm wherein molecule-quantum dot constructs are used to systematically generate material with predetermined photophysical response and excited-state properties. Semiconductor nanomaterials feature size-tunable energy level engineering, which considerably expands the purview of thermally activated photophysics beyond what is possible using only molecules. This Perspective is intended to provide a nonexhaustive overview of the advances that led to the integration of semiconductor quantum dots in thermally activated delayed photoluminescence (TADPL) schemes and to identify important challenges moving into the future. The initial establishment of excited-state lifetime extension utilizing triplet-triplet excited-state equilibria is detailed. Next, advances involving the rational design of molecules composed of both metal-containing and organic-based chromophores that produce the desired TADPL are described. Finally, the recent introduction of semiconductor nanomaterials into hybrid TADPL constructs is discussed, paving the way toward the realization of fine-tuned deterministic control of excited-state decay. It is envisioned that libraries of synthetically facile composites will be broadly deployed as photosensitizers and light emitters for numerous synthetic and optoelectronic applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Yonemoto
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Christopher M Papa
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Cedric Mongin
- Laboratoire PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan CEDEX, France
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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27
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Luo X, Liang G, Han Y, Li Y, Ding T, He S, Liu X, Wu K. Triplet Energy Transfer from Perovskite Nanocrystals Mediated by Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11270-11278. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Tao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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28
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Tian Y, Li Y, Chen B, Lai R, He S, Luo X, Han Y, Wei Y, Wu K. Sensitized Molecular Triplet and Triplet Excimer Emission in Two-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2247-2255. [PMID: 32119553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are promising materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices owning to their structural and functional versatility and enhanced ambient stability. Recent studies have started to focus on engineering the molecular properties of the organic cations to induce inorganic-to-organic energy/charge transfer for new functionalities, yet many puzzles regarding the inorganic-organic interaction mechanisms remain to be resolved. Here we fabricate 2D lead halide perovskites containing naphthalene methylamine (NMA) cations to study naphthalene triplet sensitization by inorganic excitons. We find that triplet sensitization proceeds via a two-step mechanism initiated by subpicosecond hole transfer from the inorganic layer to naphthalene. We also provide spectroscopic evidence for triplet excimer formation, i.e., the association between triplet and ground state molecules. The intensity ratio between the excimer and triplet emissions can be tuned via the percentage of the NMA cations in the organic layer, offering a route to tunable white-light emitters using 2D hybrid perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Baoquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Runchen Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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29
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Abstract
In this review, we highlight the current advancements in the field of triplet sensitization by three-dimensional (3D) perovskite nanocrystals and bulk films. First introduced in 2017, 3D perovskite sensitized upconversion (UC) is a young fast-evolving field due to the tunability of the underlying perovskite material. By tuning the perovskite bandgap, visible-to-ultraviolet, near-infrared-to-visible or green-to-blue UC has been realized, which depicts the broad applicability of this material. As this research field is still in its infancy, we hope to stimulate the field by highlighting the advantages of these perovskite nanocrystals and bulk films, as well as shedding light onto the current drawbacks. In particular, the keywords toxicity, reproducibility and stability must be addressed prior to commercialization of the technology. If successful, photon interconversion is a means to increase the achievable efficiency of photovoltaic cells beyond its current limits by increasing the window of useable wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wieghold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Wieghold S, Nienhaus L. Precharging Photon Upconversion: Interfacial Interactions in Solution-Processed Perovskite Upconversion Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:601-607. [PMID: 31894692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in perovskite-sensitized photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) in rubrene have yielded several unanswered questions about the underlying mechanism and processes occurring at the interface. In particular, the near-infrared perovskite emission is not significantly quenched and a rapid reversible "photobleach" of the upconverted emission can be observed under fairly low excitation densities of 3.2 mW/cm2. In this contribution, we investigate the perovskite/rubrene interface in more detail and conclude that noncovalent interactions between the organic layer and the perovskite result in surface trap passivation. In addition, band bending results in a space charge region at the perovskite/rubrene interface, which "precharges" the rubrene with holes. Upon initial illumination, electrons can rapidly transfer to the excited triplet state of rubrene, followed by efficient TTA upconversion. As the device is continuously illuminated, the existing holes are consumed and a new equilibrium is reached, resulting in the previously investigated steady-state upconversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wieghold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
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31
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Luo X, Han Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Liang G, Liu X, Ding T, Nie C, Wang M, Castellano FN, Wu K. Mechanisms of triplet energy transfer across the inorganic nanocrystal/organic molecule interface. Nat Commun 2020; 11:28. [PMID: 31911606 PMCID: PMC6946700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of triplet energy transfer across the inorganic nanocrystal/organic molecule interface remain poorly understood. Many seemingly contradictory results have been reported, mainly because of the complicated trap states characteristic of inorganic semiconductors and the ill-defined relative energetics between semiconductors and molecules used in these studies. Here we clarify the transfer mechanisms by performing combined transient absorption and photoluminescence measurements, both with sub-picosecond time resolution, on model systems comprising lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with very low surface trap densities as the triplet donor and polyacenes which either favour or prohibit charge transfer as the triplet acceptors. Hole transfer from nanocrystals to tetracene is energetically favoured, and hence triplet transfer proceeds via a charge separated state. In contrast, charge transfer to naphthalene is energetically unfavourable and spectroscopy shows direct triplet transfer from nanocrystals to naphthalene; nonetheless, this "direct" process could also be mediated by a high-energy, virtual charge-transfer state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441053, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Tao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Chengming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China.
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32
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Achieving spin-triplet exciton transfer between silicon and molecular acceptors for photon upconversion. Nat Chem 2019; 12:137-144. [PMID: 31792389 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals interfaced with spin-triplet exciton-accepting organic molecules have emerged as promising materials for converting incoherent long-wavelength light into the visible range. However, these materials to date have made exclusive use of nanocrystals containing toxic elements, precluding their use in biological or environmentally sensitive applications. Here, we address this challenge by chemically functionalizing non-toxic silicon nanocrystals with triplet-accepting anthracene ligands. Photoexciting these structures drives spin-triplet exciton transfer from silicon to anthracene through a single 15 ns Dexter energy transfer step with a nearly 50% yield. When paired with 9,10-diphenylanthracene emitters, these particles readily upconvert 488-640 nm photons to 425 nm violet light with efficiencies as high as 7 ± 0.9% and can be readily incorporated into aqueous micelles for biological use. Our demonstration of spin-triplet exciton transfer from silicon to molecular triplet acceptors can critically enable new technologies for solar energy conversion, quantum information and near-infrared driven photocatalysis.
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33
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Okumura K, Yanai N, Kimizuka N. Visible-to-UV Photon Upconversion Sensitized by Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okumura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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34
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Puthenpurayil J, Cheng OHC, Qiao T, Rossi D, Son DH. On the determination of absorption cross section of colloidal lead halide perovskite quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:154706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5126039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Puthenpurayil
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - Tian Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Daniel Rossi
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, South Korea
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35
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He S, Luo X, Liu X, Li Y, Wu K. Visible-to-Ultraviolet Upconversion Efficiency above 10% Sensitized by Quantum-Confined Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5036-5040. [PMID: 31411888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photon upconversion (UC) based on sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA), TTA-UC, can potentially alleviate the transmission loss of below-band-gap photons in solar energy conversion. TTA-UC across various spectral windows has been demonstrated, but efficient visible-to-ultraviolet (UV) UC remains a big challenge primarily due to the lack of suitable triplet sensitizers. Here we report a TTA-UC system sensitized by quantum-confined CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) that simultaneously achieves a high photon energy gain of up to 0.7 eV (443-355 nm) and a high UC efficiency up to 10.2%. Time-resolved spectroscopy studies reveal that the performance is mainly enabled by ultrafast and efficient triplet energy transfer from the strongly confined NC sensitizers to triplet acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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36
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Han Y, He S, Luo X, Li Y, Chen Z, Kang W, Wang X, Wu K. Triplet Sensitization by "Self-Trapped" Excitons of Nontoxic CuInS 2 Nanocrystals for Efficient Photon Upconversion. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13033-13037. [PMID: 31393119 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triplet energy transfer (TET) from semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) has recently emerged as a new triplet sensitization paradigm. It remains unclear how trap states pervasive in NCs influence TET or whether trapped excitons can undergo efficient TET. Here we partially address this issue by studying TET from CuInS2 NCs as a model system because their photogenerated excitons are known to be "self-trapped" due to hole localization to intragap Cu states. We found that, thanks to the long lifetime (209 ± 17 ns) of self-trapped excitons, they could be extracted with an efficiency of ∼92.3% by surface-anchored anthracene despite that the TET rate was relatively slow (57.1 ± 1.7 μs-1). We further leveraged this efficient sensitization to achieve triplet-triplet-annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) with a quantum yield of 18.6 ± 0.3%. Thus, this study not only demonstrates trapped excitons can undergo efficient TET as well, but also presents the first TTA-UC system sensitized by nontoxic NCs which is important for the real-life application of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Yulu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Zongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Wanchao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
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37
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Wieghold S, Bieber AS, VanOrman ZA, Nienhaus L. Influence of Triplet Diffusion on Lead Halide Perovskite-Sensitized Solid-State Upconversion. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3806-3811. [PMID: 31244265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The emerging field of lead halide perovskite-sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) in rubrene shows great promise in upconversion applications. By rapidly transferring single charge carriers instead of bound triplet states, perovskites enable a high triplet population in rubrene, yielding low Ith values. In this contribution, we investigate the role of the triplet population on the upconverted emission. Interestingly, two independent rates of TTA can be observed, as well as a sharp drop in the visible emission intensity over several seconds. This effect can be attributed to the triplet-density-based diffusion length: (i) at low triplet populations slow diffusion-mediated TTA yields singlets far from the interface and (ii) higher triplet populations lead to rapid TTA close to the perovskite/rubrene interface. Because of the proximity of the strongly absorbing perovskite, the singlet states created closer to the interface undergo stronger back-transfer to the perovskite film and therefore appear to exhibit a lower photoluminescence quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wieghold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Alexander S Bieber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Zachary A VanOrman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
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38
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Mondal N, De A, Das S, Paul S, Samanta A. Ultrafast carrier dynamics of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals and perovskite-composites. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9796-9818. [PMID: 31070653 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01745c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), especially those based on cesium lead halides, have emerged in recent years as highly promising materials for efficient solar cells and photonic applications. The key to realization of full potential of these materials lies however in the molecular level understanding of the processes triggered by light. Herein we highlight the knowledge gained from photophysical investigations on these NCs of various sizes and compositions employing primarily the femtosecond pump-probe technique. We show how spectral and temporal characterization of the photo-induced transients provide insight into the mechanism and dynamics of relaxation of hot and thermalized charge carriers through their recombination and trapping. We discuss how the multiple excitons including the charged ones (trions), generated using high pump fluence or photon energy, recombine through the Auger-assisted process. We discussed the harvesting of hot carriers prior to their cooling and band-edge carriers from these perovskite NCs to wide band-gap metal oxides, metal chalcogenide NCs and molecular acceptors. How perovskites can influence the charge carrier dynamics in composites of organic and inorganic semiconductors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navendu Mondal
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India. E-mail:
| | - Apurba De
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India. E-mail:
| | - Somnath Das
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India. E-mail:
| | - Sumanta Paul
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India. E-mail:
| | - Anunay Samanta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India. E-mail:
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