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Bigham A, Fasolino I, Borsacchi S, Valente C, Calucci L, Turacchio G, Pannico M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Ambrosio L, Raucci MG. A theragenerative bio-nanocomposite consisting of black phosphorus quantum dots for bone cancer therapy and regeneration. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:99-121. [PMID: 38283385 PMCID: PMC10818087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the term theragenerative has been proposed for biomaterials capable of inducing therapeutic approaches followed by repairing/regenerating the tissue/organ. This study is focused on the design of a new theragenerative nanocomposite composed of an amphiphilic non-ionic surfactant (Pluronic F127), bioactive glass (BG), and black phosphorus (BP). The nanocomposite was prepared through a two-step synthetic strategy, including a microwave treatment that turned BP nanosheets (BPNS) into quantum dots (BPQDs) with 5 ± 2 nm dimensions in situ. The effects of surfactant and microwave treatment were assessed in vitro: the surfactant distributes the ions homogenously throughout the composite and the microwave treatment chemically stabilizes the composite. The presence of BP enhanced bioactivity and promoted calcium phosphate formation in simulated body fluid. The inherent anticancer activity of BP-containing nanocomposites was tested against osteosarcoma cells in vitro, finding that 150 μg mL-1 was the lowest concentration which prevented the proliferation of SAOS-2 cells, while the counterpart without BP did not affect the cell growth rate. Moreover, the apoptosis pathways were evaluated and a mechanism of action was proposed. NIR irradiation was applied to induce further proliferation suppression on SAOS-2 cells through hyperthermia. The inhibitory effects of bare BP nanomaterials and nanocomposites on the migration and invasion of bone cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer cells were assessed in vitro to determine the anticancer potential of nanomaterials against primary and secondary bone cancers. The regenerative behavior of the nanocomposites was tested with healthy osteoblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells; the BPQDs-incorporated nanocomposite significantly promoted the proliferation of osteoblast cells and induced the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This study introduces a new multifunctional theragenerative platform with promising potential for simultaneous bone cancer therapy and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Viale John Fitzgerald Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare Padiglione 20, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Fasolino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Viale John Fitzgerald Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare Padiglione 20, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds-ICCOM, Italian National Research Council-CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmen Valente
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Calucci
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds-ICCOM, Italian National Research Council-CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marianna Pannico
- Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds-ICCOM, National Research Council-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Viale John Fitzgerald Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare Padiglione 20, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Viale John Fitzgerald Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare Padiglione 20, 80125, Naples, Italy
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2
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Garnes-Portolés F, Lloret V, Vidal-Moya JA, Löffler M, Mayrhofer KJJ, Cerón-Carrasco JP, Abellán G, Leyva-Pérez A. Few-layer black phosphorus enables nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4742-4747. [PMID: 38318612 PMCID: PMC10839751 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07331a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N2) fixation is a key reaction in biological and industrial chemistry, which does not occur spontaneously under ambient conditions but often depends on very specific catalysts and harsh reaction processes. Here we show that exposing exfoliated black phosphorus to the open air triggers, concomitantly, the oxidation of the two-dimensional (2D) material and the fixation of up to 100 parts per million (0.01%) of N2 on the surface. The fixation also occurs in pristine non-exfoliated material. Besides, other allotropic forms of phosphorus, like red P, also fixes N2 during ambient oxidation, suggesting that the N2 fixation process is intrinsic with phosphorus oxidation and does not depend on the chemical structure or the dimensionality of the solid. Despite the low amounts of N2 fixed, this serendipitous discovery could have fundamental implications on the chemistry and environmental stability of phosphorous and the design of related catalysts for N2 fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Garnes-Portolés
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34 9638 77809 +34 963877800
| | - Vicent Lloret
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen and Dr.-Mack Strasse 81 90762 Fürth Germany +49 91165078-65015 +49 91165078-65031
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Cauerstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - José Alejandro Vidal-Moya
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34 9638 77809 +34 963877800
| | - Mario Löffler
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Cauerstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Karl J J Mayrhofer
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Cauerstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstr. 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jose Pedro Cerón-Carrasco
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General del Aire, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena C/ Coronel López Peña S/N, Santiago de La Ribera 30720 Murcia Spain
| | - Gonzalo Abellán
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia Catedrático José Beltrán 2 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
| | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34 9638 77809 +34 963877800
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3
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Li J, Wang C, Ma Y, Li K, Mei Y. In situ formation of red/black phosphorus-modified SiO 2@g-C 3N 4 multi-heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13142-13155. [PMID: 37124021 PMCID: PMC10140671 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01850d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A new heterojunction material BP/RP-g-C3N4/SiO2 was obtained by a one-step ball milling method, and its photocatalytic capacity was researched by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and ofloxacin (OFL) in simulated sunlight. The construction of an in situ BP/RP heterojunction can achieve perfect interface contact between different semiconductors and effectively promote the separation of photogenerated carriers. The composite material was well characterized, which proved that the multi-heterogeneous structure was prepared. Furthermore, the type II heterojunction was formed between the g-C3N4 and BP/RP interface, playing an important role in the degradation and promoting electron transfer. The degradation effect of BP/RP-g-C3N4/SiO2 on RhB reached 90% after 26 min of simulated solar irradiation, which was 1.8 times that of g-C3N4/SiO2. The degradation of OFL by BP/RP-g-C3N4/SiO2 reached 85.3% after illumination for 50 min, while the degradation of g-C3N4/SiO2 was only 35.4%. The mechanisms were further discussed, and ˙O2 - and h+ were found to be the main active substances to degrade RhB. The catalyst also revealed distinguished stability of catalyst and recyclability, and the degradation effect of RhB can still realize 85% after 4 runs of experiment. Thus, this study provided a novel method for the design and preparation of multi-heterojunction catalysts in the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming City 650500 China +86-159 2512 8686
- Yunnan Provience Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials Kunming City 650500 China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Provience Kunming City 650500 China
| | - Chi Wang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming City 650500 China +86-159 2512 8686
- Yunnan Provience Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials Kunming City 650500 China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Provience Kunming City 650500 China
| | - Yixing Ma
- Faculty of Environmental Science Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming City 650500 China +86-187 8810 3059
| | - Kai Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming City 650500 China +86-187 8810 3059
| | - Yi Mei
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming City 650500 China +86-159 2512 8686
- Yunnan Provience Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials Kunming City 650500 China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Provience Kunming City 650500 China
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Kuchkaev AM, Kuchkaev AM, Sukhov AV, Saparina SV, Gnezdilov OI, Klimovitskii AE, Ziganshina SA, Nizameev IR, Vakhitov IR, Dobrynin AB, Stoikov DI, Evtugyn GA, Sinyashin OG, Kang X, Yakhvarov DG. Covalent Functionalization of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets with Dichlorocarbenes for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:826. [PMID: 36903703 PMCID: PMC10005367 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as a perspective material for various micro- and opto-electronic, energy, catalytic, and biomedical applications. Chemical functionalization of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNS) is an important pathway for the preparation of materials with improved ambient stability and enhanced physical properties. Currently, the covalent functionalization of BPNS with highly reactive intermediates, such as carbon-free radicals or nitrenes, has been widely implemented to modify the material's surface. However, it should be noted that this field requires more in-depth research and new developments. Herein, we report for the first time the covalent carbene functionalization of BPNS using dichlorocarbene as a functionalizing agent. The P-C bond formation in the obtained material (BP-CCl2) has been confirmed by Raman, solid-state 31P NMR, IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods. The BP-CCl2 nanosheets exhibit an enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance with an overpotential of 442 mV at -1 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 120 mV dec-1, outperforming the pristine BPNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidar M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Airat M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksander V. Sukhov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Saparina
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg I. Gnezdilov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander E. Klimovitskii
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Sufia A. Ziganshina
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Sibirsky Tract 10/7, 420029 Kazan, Russia
| | - Irek R. Nizameev
- Department of Nanotechnologies in Electronics, Kazan National Research Technical University Named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, K. Marx Street 10, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Iskander R. Vakhitov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexey B. Dobrynin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitry I. Stoikov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Gennady A. Evtugyn
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Xiongwu Kang
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 382 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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5
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Kuchkaev AM, Kuchkaev AM, Sukhov AV, Saparina SV, Gnezdilov OI, Klimovitskii AE, Ziganshina SA, Nizameev IR, Asanov IP, Brylev KA, Sinyashin OG, Yakhvarov DG. In-Situ Electrochemical Exfoliation and Methylation of Black Phosphorus into Functionalized Phosphorene Nanosheets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043095. [PMID: 36834502 PMCID: PMC9959237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great attention as a perspective material for various applications. The chemical functionalization of BP is an important pathway for the preparation of materials with improved stability and enhanced intrinsic electronic properties. Currently, most of the methods for BP functionalization with organic substrates require either the use of low-stable precursors of highly reactive intermediates or the use of difficult-to-manufacture and flammable BP intercalates. Herein we report a facile route for simultaneous electrochemical exfoliation and methylation of BP. Conducting the cathodic exfoliation of BP in the presence of iodomethane makes it possible to generate highly active methyl radicals, which readily react with the electrode's surface yielding the functionalized material. The covalent functionalization of BP nanosheets with the P-C bond formation has been proven by various microscopic and spectroscopic methods. The functionalization degree estimated by solid-state 31P NMR spectroscopy analysis reached 9.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidar M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Airat M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksander V. Sukhov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Saparina
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg I. Gnezdilov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander E. Klimovitskii
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Sufia A. Ziganshina
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Sibirsky Tract 10/7, 420029 Kazan, Russia
| | - Irek R. Nizameev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Igor P. Asanov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Brylev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +7-843-273-2253
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Vanni M, Bellini M, Borsacchi S, Calucci L, Caporali M, Caporali S, d'Acapito F, Geppi M, Giaccherini A, Ienco A, Manca G, Mio AM, Nicotra G, Oberhauser W, Serrano-Ruiz M, Banchelli M, Vizza F, Peruzzini M. Interlayer Coordination of Pd-Pd Units in Exfoliated Black Phosphorus. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10088-10098. [PMID: 34185506 PMCID: PMC9295127 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
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The chemical functionalization of
2D exfoliated black phosphorus
(2D BP) continues to attract great interest, although a satisfactory
structural characterization of the functionalized material has seldom
been achieved. Herein, we provide the first complete structural characterization
of 2D BP functionalized with rare discrete Pd2 units, obtained
through a mild decomposition of the organometallic dimeric precursor
[Pd(η3-C3H5)Cl]2. A multitechnique approach, including HAADF-STEM, solid-state NMR,
XPS, and XAS, was used to study in detail the morphology of the palladated
nanosheets (Pd2/BP) and to unravel the coordination of
Pd2 units to phosphorus atoms of 2D BP. In particular,
XAS, backed up by DFT modeling, revealed the existence of unprecedented
interlayer Pd–Pd units, sandwiched between stacked BP layers.
The preliminary application of Pd2/BP as a catalyst for
the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic medium highlighted
an activity increase due to the presence of Pd2 units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vanni
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Bellini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Calucci
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Caporali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco d'Acapito
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Marco Geppi
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccherini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Andrea Ienco
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Manca
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonio Massimiliano Mio
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), VIII strada 5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicotra
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), VIII strada 5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Werner Oberhauser
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Martina Banchelli
- Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara" (CNR-IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesco Vizza
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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7
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Nardelli F, Borsacchi S, Calucci L, Carignani E, Martini F, Geppi M. Anisotropy and NMR spectroscopy. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-020-00945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this paper, different aspects concerning anisotropy in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been reviewed. In particular, the relevant theory has been presented, showing how anisotropy stems from the dependence of internal nuclear spin interactions on the molecular orientation with respect to the external magnetic field direction. The consequences of anisotropy in the use of NMR spectroscopy have been critically discussed: on one side, the availability of very detailed structural and dynamic information, and on the other side, the loss of spectral resolution. The experiments used to measure the anisotropic properties in solid and soft materials, where, in contrast to liquids, such properties are not averaged out by the molecular tumbling, have been described. Such experiments can be based either on static low-resolution techniques or on one- and two-dimensional pulse sequences exploiting Magic Angle Spinning (MAS). Examples of applications of NMR spectroscopy have been shown, which exploit anisotropy to obtain important physico-chemical information on several categories of systems, including pharmaceuticals, inorganic materials, polymers, liquid crystals, and self-assembling amphiphiles in water. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy can be considered, nowadays, one of the most powerful characterization techniques for all kinds of solid, either amorphous or crystalline, and semi-solid systems for the obtainment of both structural and dynamic properties on a molecular and supra-molecular scale.
Graphic abstract
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8
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Jellett C, Plutnar J, Pumera M. Prospects for Functionalizing Elemental 2D Pnictogens: A Study of Molecular Models. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7722-7733. [PMID: 32578421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the intense amount of attention and huge potential of 2D-layered pnictogens for applications in chemistry, physics, and materials science, there has yet to be a robust strategy developed to systematically functionalize them to tailor their properties. This is due to a number of factors, including practical instability toward ambient conditions, difficulty in characterizing modified materials, and also more inherent reactivity issues. Here, avenues for functionalization are discussed using examples of molecular models from the wider literature, along with their possible advantages and likely pitfalls. Finally, a critical appraisal of the current field and its future is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Jellett
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno 616 00, Czech Republic
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Krivdin LB. Recent advances in computational 31 P NMR: Part 1. Chemical shifts. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:478-499. [PMID: 31703153 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This is the first part of two closely related reviews dealing with the computation of phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts in a wide series of organophosphorus compounds including complexes, clusters, and bioorganic phosphorus compounds. In particular, the analysis of the accuracy factors, such as substitution effects, solvent effects, vibrational corrections, and relativistic effects, is presented. This review is dedicated to the Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Professor Boris A. Trofimov in view of his invaluable contribution to the field of synthesis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computation studies of organophosphorus compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid B Krivdin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
- Angarsk State Technical University, Irkutsk Region, Russia
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Chemistry of Phosphorene: Synthesis, Functionalization and Biomedical Applications in an Update Review. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review aims to highlight the potential of an emerging 2D single element material: phosphorene. Attention is focused on the more recent studies on phosphorene, in terms of synthetic approaches, modification aimed at its stabilization, and potential applications in the biomedical field. Critical aspects for a practical use of phosphorene are discussed, in order to show a realistic scenario and challenges facing researchers.
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Thurakkal S, Zhang X. Recent Advances in Chemical Functionalization of 2D Black Phosphorous Nanosheets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902359. [PMID: 31993294 PMCID: PMC6974947 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their tunable direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and unique in-plane anisotropic structure, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have emerged as one of the most important candidates among the 2D materials beyond graphene. However, the poor ambient stability of black phosphorus limits its practical application, due to the chemical degradation of phosphorus atoms to phosphorus oxides in the presence of oxygen and/or water. Chemical functionalization is demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance the ambient stability of BPNSs. Herein, various covalent strategies including radical addition, nitrene addition, nucleophilic substitution, and metal coordination are summarized. In addition, efficient noncovalent functionalization methods such as van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, and cation-π interactions are described in detail. Furthermore, the preparations, characterization, and diverse applications of functionalized BPNSs in various fields are recapped. The challenges faced and future directions for the chemical functionalization of BPNSs are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameel Thurakkal
- Division of Chemistry and BiochemistryDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyKemigården 4SE‐412 96GöteborgSweden
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and BiochemistryDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyKemigården 4SE‐412 96GöteborgSweden
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