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Cui L, Yao Y, Yim EKF. The effects of surface topography modification on hydrogel properties. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:031509. [PMID: 34368603 PMCID: PMC8318605 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel has been an attractive biomaterial for tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and contact lens materials, due to its outstanding properties, including high water content, transparency, biocompatibility, tissue mechanical matching, and low toxicity. As hydrogel commonly possesses high surface hydrophilicity, chemical modifications have been applied to achieve the optimal surface properties to improve the performance of hydrogels for specific applications. Ideally, the effects of surface modifications would be stable, and the modification would not affect the inherent hydrogel properties. In recent years, a new type of surface modification has been discovered to be able to alter hydrogel properties by physically patterning the hydrogel surfaces with topographies. Such physical patterning methods can also affect hydrogel surface chemical properties, such as protein adsorption, microbial adhesion, and cell response. This review will first summarize the works on developing hydrogel surface patterning methods. The influence of surface topography on interfacial energy and the subsequent effects on protein adsorption, microbial, and cell interactions with patterned hydrogel, with specific examples in biomedical applications, will be discussed. Finally, current problems and future challenges on topographical modification of hydrogels will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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2
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Yaginuma T, Kushiro K, Takai M. Unique Cancer Migratory Behaviors in Confined Spaces of Microgroove Topography with Acute Wall Angles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6110. [PMID: 32273556 PMCID: PMC7145876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many types of micro-engineered platform have been fabricated to investigate the influences of surrounding microenvironments on cell migration. Previous researches demonstrated that microgroove-based topographies can influence cell motilities of normal and cancerous cells differently. In this study, the microgroove wall angle was altered from obtuse to acute angles and the resulting differences in the responses of normal and cancer cells were investigated to explore the geometrical characteristics that can efficiently distinguish normal and cancer cells. Interestingly, different trends in cell motilities of normal and cancer cells were observed as the wall angles were varied between 60–120°, and in particular, invasive cancer cells exhibited a unique, oscillatory migratory behavior. Results from the immunostaining of cell mechanotransduction components suggested that this difference stemmed from directional extensions and adhesion behaviors of each cell type. In addition, the specific behaviors of invasive cancer cells were found to be dependent on the myosin II activity, and modulating the activity could revert cancerous behaviors to normal ones. These novel findings on the interactions of acute angle walls and cancer cell migration provide a new perspective on cancer metastasis and additional strategies via microstructure geometries for the manipulations of cell behaviors in microscale biodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yaginuma
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Kushiro
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Madoka Takai
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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3
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Engineered topographical structure to control spatial cell density using cell migration. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:98. [PMID: 31729612 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Control of the spatial distribution of various cell types is required to construct functional tissues. Here, we report a simple topographical structure changed the spatial cell density. A concave curved boundary was designed, which allowed the spatial descent moving of cells and the change in spatial distributions of co-cultured cells. We utilized the difference in cell motility between myoblast cells (C2C12) and neuronal cells (PC12) to demonstrate the feasibility of spontaneous change in spatial cell density. Without the curved boundaries, high motility cells (C2C12) did not migrate to the adjacent area, which resulted in a slight temporal change (< 15%) in the spatial cell distribution. In contrast, with the curved boundaries, the cell density of the high motility cells in the groove to those cells on the ridge showed an increase exceeding 45%. On the other hand, the temporal change in the spatial cell distribution of low motility cells (PC12) was below 15% with or without the curved boundaries. In addition, as groove width increased, both cells displayed more initially gathering in groove. Importantly, these cell-type dependent results were also maintained under co-culture conditions. Our results suggest that designing topographical interfaces changes spatial cell density without any manipulation and is useful for multi-cellular constructs.
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Ishida T, Shimamoto T, Kaminaga M, Kuchimaru T, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Omata T. Microfluidic High-Migratory Cell Collector Suppressing Artifacts Caused by Microstructures. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E116. [PMID: 30754704 PMCID: PMC6412487 DOI: 10.3390/mi10020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The small number of high-migratory cancer cells in a cell population make studies on high-migratory cancer cells difficult. For the development of migration assays for such cancer cells, several microfluidic devices have been developed. However, they measure migration that is influenced by microstructures and they collect not only high-migratory cells, but also surrounding cells. In order to find high-migratory cells in cell populations while suppressing artifacts and to collect these cells while minimizing damages, we developed a microfluidic high-migratory cell collector with the ability to sort cancer cells according to cellular migration and mechanical detachment. High-migratory cancer cells travel further from the starting line when all of the cells are seeded on the same starting line. The high-migratory cells are detached using a stretch of cell adhesive surface using a water-driven balloon actuator. Using this cell collector, we selected high-migratory HeLa cells that migrated about 100m in 12 h and collected the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ishida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Takuya Shimamoto
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Maho Kaminaga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kuchimaru
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Toru Omata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
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Lee G, Han SB, Lee JH, Kim HW, Kim DH. Cancer Mechanobiology: Microenvironmental Sensing and Metastasis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3735-3752. [PMID: 33405888 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment plays an important role in regulating cancer progress. Cancer can physically and chemically remodel its surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Critical cellular behaviors such as recognition of matrix geometry and rigidity, cell polarization and motility, cytoskeletal reorganization, and proliferation can be changed as a consequence of these ECM alternations. Here, we present an overview of cancer mechanobiology in detail, focusing on cancer microenvironmental sensing of exogenous cues and quantification of cancer-substrate interactions. In addition, mechanics of metastasis classified with tumor progression will be discussed. The mechanism underlying cancer mechanosensation and tumor progression may provide new insights into therapeutic strategies to alleviate cancer malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- GeonHui Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Han
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
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Um E, Oh JM, Granick S, Cho YK. Cell migration in microengineered tumor environments. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:4171-4185. [PMID: 28971203 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00555e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in microengineered cell migration platforms are discussed critically with a focus on how cell migration is influenced by engineered tumor microenvironments, the medical relevance being to understand how tumor microenvironments may promote or suppress the progression of cancer. We first introduce key findings in cancer cell migration under the influence of the physical environment, which is systematically controlled by microengineering technology, followed by multi-cues of physico-chemical factors, which represent the complexity of the tumor environment. Recognizing that cancer cells constantly communicate not only with each other but also with tumor-associated cells such as vascular, fibroblast, and immune cells, and also with non-cellular components, it follows that cell motility in tumor microenvironments, especially metastasis via the invasion of cancer cells into the extracellular matrix and other tissues, is closely related to the malignancy of cancer-related mortality. Medical relevance of forefront research realized in microfabricated devices, such as single cell sorting based on the analysis of cell migration behavior, may assist personalized theragnostics based on the cell migration phenotype. Furthermore, we urge development of theory and numerical understanding of single or collective cell migration in microengineered platforms to gain new insights in cancer metastasis and in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eujin Um
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Differences in Three-Dimensional Geometric Recognition by Non-Cancerous and Cancerous Epithelial Cells on Microgroove-Based Topography. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4244. [PMID: 28652607 PMCID: PMC5484713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03779-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During metastasis, cancer cells are exposed to various three-dimensional microstructures within the body, but the relationship between cancer migration and three-dimensional geometry remain largely unclear. Here, such geometric effects on cancerous cells were investigated by characterizing the motility of various cancer cell types on microgroove-based topographies made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), with particular emphasis on distinguishing cancerous and non-cancerous epithelial cells, as well as understanding the underlying mechanism behind such differences. The 90-degree walls enhanced motility for all cell lines, but the degrees of enhancements were less pronounced for the cancerous cells. Interestingly, while the non-cancerous epithelial cell types conformed to the three-dimensional geometrical cues and migrated along the walls, the cancerous cell types exhibited a unique behavior of climbing upright walls, and this was associated with the inability to form stable, polarized actin cytoskeleton along the walls of the microgrooves. Furthermore, when non-cancerous epithelial cell lines were altered to different levels of polarization capabilities and cancer malignancy or treated with inhibitory drugs, their three-dimensional geometry-dependent motility approached those of cancerous cell lines. Overall, the results suggest that cancerous cells may gradually lose geometrical recognition with increasing cancer malignancy, allowing them to roam freely ignoring three-dimensional geometrical cues during metastasis.
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Fan C, Wang DA. Macroporous Hydrogel Scaffolds for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:451-461. [PMID: 28067115 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been promising candidate scaffolds for cell delivery and tissue engineering due to their tissue-like physical properties and capability for homogeneous cell loading. However, the encapsulated cells are generally entrapped and constrained in the submicron- or nanosized gel networks, seriously limiting cell growth and tissue formation. Meanwhile, the spatially confined settlement inhibits attachment and spreading of anchorage-dependent cells, leading to their apoptosis. In recent years, macroporous hydrogels have attracted increasing attention in use as cell delivery vehicles and tissue engineering scaffolds. The introduction of macropores within gel scaffolds not only improves their permeability for better nutrient transport but also creates space/interface for cell adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix deposition. Herein, we will first review the development of macroporous gel scaffolds and outline the impact of macropores on cell behaviors. In the first part, the advantages and challenges of hydrogels as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture scaffolds will be described. In the second part, the fabrication of various macroporous hydrogels will be presented. Third, the enhancement of cell activities within macroporous gel scaffolds will be discussed. Finally, several crucial factors that are envisaged to propel the improvement of macroporous gel scaffolds are proposed for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Fan
- 1 Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University , Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-An Wang
- 2 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore, Singapore
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Singh Chandel AK, Kannan D, Nutan B, Singh S, Jewrajka SK. Dually crosslinked injectable hydrogels of poly(ethylene glycol) and poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-b-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) as a wound healing promoter. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4955-4965. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PEG-based dually crosslinked injectable hydrogels have been developed through extremely simple chemistry which avoids use of small molecular weight crosslinker, formation of by-products and involved low heat change. The hydrogels are useful for wound healing and soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind K. Singh Chandel
- Reverse Osmosis Membrane Division
- academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Deepika Kannan
- Department of Life Science
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
| | - Bhingaradiya Nutan
- Reverse Osmosis Membrane Division
- academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Department of Life Science
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine
- Jawaharlal Nehru University
| | - Suresh K. Jewrajka
- Reverse Osmosis Membrane Division
- academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg
- Bhavnagar
- India
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Garskaite E, Alinauskas L, Drienovsky M, Krajcovic J, Cicka R, Palcut M, Jonusauskas L, Malinauskas M, Stankeviciute Z, Kareiva A. Fabrication of a composite of nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite (cHAP) with polylactic acid (PLA) and its surface topographical structuring with direct laser writing (DLW). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11679e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of a polylactic acid (PLA)–carbonated hydroxyapatite (cHAP) composite material from synthesised phase pure nano-cHAP and melted PLA by mechanical mixing at 220–235 °C has been developed in this study.
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