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Mondo GB, Cathcarth M, Longo GS, Picco AS, Cardoso MB. Short Zwitterionic Sulfobetaine-Modified Silica Nanoparticles: Is Neutrality Possible? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10856-10867. [PMID: 38683600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Zwitterionic coatings are an efficient strategy for preventing biomolecule adsorption and enhancing nanoparticle stability in solution. The properties of zwitterions and other antifouling materials, including suppression of nonspecific adsorption and improved colloidal stability of nanoparticles, are believed to derive from their electroneutral and highly hydrophilic nature. Among different zwitterions, short sulfobetaines have been demonstrated to be effective in preventing protein adsorption onto several nanoparticles and providing enhanced colloidal stability. Although zwitterionic sulfobetaine silane (ZS) is electrically neutral, the negatively charged zwitterionic sulfobetaine-functionalized silica nanoparticles (ZS@SiO2NPs) exhibit a similar ζ-potential to nonfunctionalized silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs). In this work, we present a thorough comprehension of the surface properties of ZS@SiO2NPs, which encompasses the development of meticulous functionalization procedures, detailed characterization approaches, and cutting-edge modeling to address the questions that persist regarding the surface features of ZS@SiO2NPs. The negative charge of ZS@SiO2NPs is due to the stabilization of siloxide from residual surface silanols by the quaternary amine in the sulfobetaine structure. Consequently, we infer that zero-charge ZS@SiO2NPs are unlikely to be obtained since this stabilization increases the dissociation degree of surface silanols, increasing the overall structure negative charge. Additionally, colloidal stability was evaluated in different pH and ionic strength conditions, and it was found that ZS@SiO2NPs are more stable at higher ionic strengths. This suggests that the interaction between ZS and salt ions prevents the aggregation of ZS@SiO2NPs. Together, these results shed light on the nature of the ZS@SiO2NP negative charge and possible sources for the remarkable colloidal stability of zwitterionic nanoparticles in complex media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Borba Mondo
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry (IQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marilina Cathcarth
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Faculdad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriel S Longo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Faculdad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustín S Picco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Faculdad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry (IQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
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Gong L, Wu F, Yang W, Huang C, Li W, Wang X, Wang J, Tang T, Zeng H. Unraveling the hydrophobic interaction mechanisms of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:273-283. [PMID: 36587579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Numerous hydrocarbon and fluorine-based hydrophobic surfaces have been widely applied in various engineering and bioengineering fields. It is hypothesized that the hydrophobic interactions of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces in aqueous media would show some differences. EXPERIMENTS The hydrophobic interactions of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces with air bubbles in aqueous solutions have been systematically and quantitatively measured using a bubble probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. Ethanol was introduced to water for modulating the solution polarity. The experimental force profiles were analyzed using a theoretical model combining the Reynolds lubrication theory and augmented Young-Laplace equation by including disjoining pressure arisen from the Derjarguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) and non-DLVO interactions (i.e., hydrophobic interactions). FINDINGS The experiment results show that the hydrophobic interactions were firstly weakened and then strengthened by increasing ethanol content in the aqueous media, mainly due to the variation in interfacial hydrogen bonding network. The fluorinated surface exhibited less sensitivity to ethanol than hydrocarbon surface, which is attributed to the presence of ordered interfacial water layer. Our work reveals the different hydrophobic effects of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces, with useful implications on modulating the interfacial interactions of relevant materials in various engineering and bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gong
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Feiyi Wu
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Charley Huang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Zhao Z, Pan M, Qiao C, Xiang L, Liu X, Yang W, Chen XZ, Zeng H. Bionic Engineered Protein Coating Boosting Anti-Biofouling in Complex Biological Fluids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208824. [PMID: 36367362 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Implantable medical devices have been widely applied in diagnostics, therapeutics, organ restoration, and other biomedical areas, but often suffer from dysfunction and infections due to irreversible biofouling. Inspired by the self-defensive "vine-thorn" structure of climbing thorny plants, a zwitterion-conjugated protein is engineered via grafting sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) segments on native bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein molecules for surface coating and antifouling applications in complex biological fluids. Unlike traditional synthetic polymers of which the coating operation requires arduous surface pretreatments, the engineered protein BSA@PSBMA (PolySBMA conjugated BSA) can achieve facile and surface-independent coating on various substrates through a simple dipping/spraying method. Interfacial molecular force measurements and adsorption tests demonstrate that the substrate-foulant attraction is significantly suppressed due to strong interfacial hydration and steric repulsion of the bionic structure of BSA@PSBMA, enabling coating surfaces to exhibit superior resistance to biofouling for a broad spectrum of species including proteins, metabolites, cells, and biofluids under various biological conditions. This work provides an innovative paradigm of using native proteins to generate engineered proteins with extraordinary antifouling capability and desired surface properties for bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mingfei Pan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Chenyu Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
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Song XJ, Jiang XM, Hao CL. Photoswitchable adsorption behavior on a silica surface: A comparison of the partially fluorinated surfactants with the hydrocarbon surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effects of chemical inhibitors on the scaling behaviors of calcite and the associated surface interaction mechanisms. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:507-517. [PMID: 35366478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It is hypothesized that the performance of a chemical inhibitor to interfere with the precipitation and scaling of calcite (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) is achieved through its chelating interaction with calcium ions. The effectiveness of a chemical inhibitor in removing existing scales from the mineral surfaces is proposed to rely on its ability to modify the calcite crystal structures. EXPERIMENTS Bulk scaling tests and dynamic adsorption experiments using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring were conducted to systematically investigate the scaling behaviours (i.e., buildup and breakup processes) of calcite crystals, in the absence and presence of chemical inhibitors, that include polyacrylic acid, sodium hexametaphosphate, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, and diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid). Scanning electron microscope imaging and thermodynamic characterization using isothermal titration calorimetry were further applied to reveal the surface interactions that contributed to the differences among the effects of the four additives. FINDINGS The results indicate that sodium hexametaphosphate is most efficient in alleviating the amount of CaCO3 deposited by reducing the concentration of free Ca2+, and diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) shows an outstanding ability to clean the mineral surface by destroying the ordered crystal layers of the scales so that they can be washed away with water. This work provides useful insights into the fundamental interactions of chemical inhibitors and calcite, with implications for the development of effective chemical solutions for anti-scaling and descaling applications.
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Recoverable underwater superhydrophobicity from a fully wetted state via dynamic air spreading. iScience 2021; 24:103427. [PMID: 34877492 PMCID: PMC8633030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the superhydrophobicity underwater offers drag resistance reduction, antifouling, anti-corrosion, noise reduction, and gas collection for boat hulls and submarine vehicles. However, superhydrophobicity typically does not last long underwater since the Cassie state is metastable. Here, we report a reversible and localized recovery of superhydrophobicity from the fully wetted state via air bubble spreading. Composed of sparse fluorinated chained nanoparticles, the submerged surface shows super-low energy barrier for bubble attachment. Especially the recovered plastron exhibits excellent longevity. Based on a simplified, truncated nanocone model, the dynamic spreading of bubbles is analyzed considering two basic parameters, i.e., surface geometric structure and surface energy (which appeared as intrinsic water contact angle). Numerical simulation results via COMSOL confirms the effect of geometric structure on bubble spreading. This investigation will not only offer new insights for the design of robust recoverable superhydrophobic surfaces but also broaden the applications of superhydrophobic coatings. Superhydrophobicity is recovered from fully wetted state in submerged system The dynamic spreading of bubbles is theoretically analyzed The geometric criteria provide direction in designing superhydrophobic surfaces
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Han Y, Zhao W, Zheng Y, Wang H, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Luo J, Zhang H. Self-adhesive lubricated coating for enhanced bacterial resistance. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2535-2545. [PMID: 33615044 PMCID: PMC7868611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited surface lubrication and bacterial biofilm formation pose great challenges to biomedical implants. Although hydrophilic lubricated coatings and bacterial resistance coatings have been reported, the harsh and tedious synthesis greatly compromises their application, and more importantly, the bacterial resistance property has seldom been investigated in combination with the lubrication property. In this study, bioinspired by the performances of mussel and articular cartilage, we successfully synthesized self-adhesive lubricated coating and simultaneously achieved optimal lubrication and bacterial resistance properties. Additionally, we reported the mechanism of bacterial resistance on the nanoscale by studying the adhesion interactions between biomimetic coating and hydrophilic/hydrophobic tip or living bacteria via atomic force microscopy. In summary, the self-adhesive lubricated coating can effectively enhance lubrication and bacterial resistance performances based on hydration lubrication and hydration repulsion, and represent a universal and facial strategy for surface functionalization of biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yiwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haimang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yulong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Beijing Research Institute of Automation for Machinery Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100120, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Scheffer FR, Silveira CP, Morais J, Bettini J, Cardoso MB. Tailoring Pseudo-Zwitterionic Bifunctionalized Silica Nanoparticles: From Colloidal Stability to Biological Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10756-10763. [PMID: 32787025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic molecules are known to resist nonspecific protein adsorption and have been proposed as an alternative to the widely used polyethylene glycol. Recently, zwitterionic-like nanoparticles were created from the coimmobilization of positive and negative ligands, resulting in surfaces that also prevent protein corona formation while keeping available sites for bioconjugation. However, it is unclear if they are able to keep their original properties when immersed in biological environments while retaining a toxicity-free profile, indispensable features before considering these structures for clinics. Herein, we obtained optimized zwitterionic-like silica nanoparticles from the functionalization with varying ratios of THPMP and DETAPTMS organosilanes and investigated their behavior in realistic biological milieu. The generated zwitterionic-like particle was able to resist single-protein adsorption, while the interaction with a myriad of serum proteins led to significant loss of colloidal stability. Moreover, the zwitterionic particles presented poor hemocompatibility, causing considerable disruption of red blood cells. Our findings suggest that the exposure of ionic groups allows these structures to directly engage with the environment and that electrostatic neutrality is not enough to grant low-fouling and stealth properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Ramos Scheffer
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Quı́mica (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Pedroso Silveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonder Morais
- Instituto de Fı́sica (IF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501-970 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sı́ncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Quı́mica (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, CEP 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
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Hammond OS, Moura L, Level G, Imberti S, Holbrey JD, Blesic M. Hydration of sulfobetaine dizwitterions as a function of alkyl spacer length. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:16040-16050. [PMID: 32706356 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solvation and structure of bolaform dizwitterions containing two sulfobetaine moieties in concentrated aqueous solution were determined using neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution (NDIS) combined with modelling of the measured structure factors using Empirical Potential Structure Refinement (EPSR). Strongly directional local hydration was observed in the polar regimes of the dizwitterions with 48-52 water molecules shared between dizwitterion molecules in a first shell water network around each zwitterion pair. Overall, the double zwitterions were highly hydrated, providing experimental evidence in support of the potential formation of protein-resistant hydration layers at zwitterion-water interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Hammond
- The QUILL Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Leila Moura
- The QUILL Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Gaelle Level
- The QUILL Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Silvia Imberti
- ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - John D Holbrey
- The QUILL Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Marijana Blesic
- The QUILL Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Erfani A, Seaberg J, Aichele CP, Ramsey JD. Interactions between Biomolecules and Zwitterionic Moieties: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2557-2573. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Erfani
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Joshua Seaberg
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Clint Philip Aichele
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Joshua D. Ramsey
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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Ma Y, Qiao XY, Lu Q, Li R, Bai YJ, Li X, Zhang SP, Gong YK. Anchorable phosphorylcholine copolymer synthesis and cell membrane mimetic antifouling coating fabrication for blood compatible applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4299-4309. [PMID: 32329492 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00540a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption and platelet activation on biomedical devices contacting blood may lead to the formation of thrombus. The thrombogenicity of biomaterials could be minimized or prevented by anchoring a cell membrane mimetic antifouling coating (CMMAC). Here, we report the construction of a CMMAC by a newly designed 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) copolymer (PMPCC) containing 5-20 carboxylic long arm side chains. The long arm provides its end carboxylic group with more freedom and a larger reaction space for an easier and more efficient surface anchoring. With the assistance of mussel-inspired universal adhesive polydopamine (PDA), different material surfaces precoated with PDA can immobilize the PMPCC via multipoint anchoring of the randomly distributed carboxylic side chains. The multipoint anchoring results in a stabilized and condensed PDA-PMPCC coating. The phosphorylcholine zwitterions of the densely immobilized PMPCC polymers form a cell outer membrane mimetic interface in an aqueous environment, endowing excellent properties of resisting protein adsorption, platelet activation and blood cell adhesion. More importantly, the PDA-PMPCC-coated glass surface can suppress thrombus formation for more than 24 h, while the bare glass surface forms obvious thrombus in 6 h tested in the same blood. Furthermore, the fabrication of the PDA-PMPCC coating is simple and material-independent. Therefore, the simple synthesis, facile surface coating and excellent hemocompatibility of the PMPCC make it a promising material for biomimetic surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Jie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Kuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China. and Institute of Materials Science and New Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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