1
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Karaman CZ, Venkatesan TR, von Szczepanski J, Nüesch FA, Opris DM. A polyphosphazene elastomer containing 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy groups as a dielectric in electrically responsive soft actuators. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2024; 12:12825-12834. [PMID: 39184830 PMCID: PMC11340341 DOI: 10.1039/d4tc02369b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The adaptive structure and excellent actuation of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) make them promising candidates for soft robotics, haptic interfaces and artificial muscles. A wide variety of elastomers have been synthesised and investigated as dielectrics. Inorganic polymers such as polysiloxanes and polyphosphazenes have a low glass transition temperature. While polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has made its way into DEAs, the latter has received little attention in this field. Here, we present a dielectric elastomer based on polyphosphazene modified with 2,2,2,-trifluoroethoxy groups as the dielectric, which exhibits a dielectric permittivity two times higher than polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), excellent elasticity and a high dielectric breakdown field. These properties enable fast, reliable actuation and higher electrostatic forces than conventional PDMS. The actuators can withstand repeated actuation cycles and are suitable for long-term reliability applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Zeytun Karaman
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories forMaterials Science and Technology (EMPA) 8600 Duebendorf Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Thulasinath Raman Venkatesan
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories forMaterials Science and Technology (EMPA) 8600 Duebendorf Switzerland
| | - Johannes von Szczepanski
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories forMaterials Science and Technology (EMPA) 8600 Duebendorf Switzerland
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) 8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Frank A Nüesch
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories forMaterials Science and Technology (EMPA) 8600 Duebendorf Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Dorina M Opris
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories forMaterials Science and Technology (EMPA) 8600 Duebendorf Switzerland
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) 8092 Zurich Switzerland
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2
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Zuo Y, Zhang K, Gou Z, Yan M. Polarity responsive polysiloxanes with twisting intramolecular charge transfer effect for monitoring lipophagy process and the detection of volatile organic compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133106. [PMID: 38056256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Polarity plays a critical role in biology and materials science, serving as a complex parameter. Imbalances in polarity within subcellular organelles are closely associated with various diseases. Moreover, volatile organic compounds (VOC) with low polarity pose significant health and safety risks, therefore, researchers have shown great interest in accurately detecting polarity. However, precise observation of polarity changes within organisms and identification of low-polarity volatile organic solvents are formidable challenges. To overcome these difficulties, we developed a versatile polymeric twisting intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) effect Polysiloxane-n (PDMS-n), utilizing polysiloxane molecular chains as "smart guides" to connect TICT molecules, inspired by the concept of "threading a needle." With the aid of PDMS-n, the process of polarity changes during cellular lipophagy was monitored in situ with high accuracy. Remarkably, the polarity changes of the local microstructure of the PDMS films were successfully visualized. PDMS-Films were also constructed, which enabled the recognition of Dichloromethane (DCM) gas during swelling. This work will contribute to the understanding of changes in cellular physiological processes, and facilitate the sensitive detection of VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Zhiming Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Mei Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China.
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3
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Okur F, Sheima Y, Zimmerli C, Zhang H, Helbling P, Fäh A, Mihail I, Tschudin J, Opris DM, Kovalenko MV, Kravchyk KV. Nitrile-functionalized Poly(siloxane) as Electrolytes for High-Energy-Density Solid-State Li Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301285. [PMID: 38051667 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In the quest to replace liquid Li-ion electrolytes with safer and non-toxic solid counterparts for Li-ion batteries, polysiloxane polymers have attracted considerable attention as they offer low glass transition temperatures, stability with metallic lithium, and versatility in chemical functionalization of the backbone. Herein, we present the synthesis of Li-ion conductive polysiloxane-based polymers functionalized with 60 % nitrile groups per chain unit. The synthesis procedure is based on the reaction of poly-(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylvinylsiloxane) polymer with 2-cyanoethanethiol, followed by the addition of lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide. The presented polysiloxane-based polymers exhibit exceptionally high ionic conductivity up to 0.375 mS cm-1 at 60 °C and Li+ ion transfer number of 0.73, one of the highest reported for polymer Li-ion conducting electrolytes. Their electrochemical performance was evaluated in both symmetrical and full-cell configurations to test the utility of synthesized polymers as electrolytes in Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Okur
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yauhen Sheima
- Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Can Zimmerli
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Helbling
- Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ashling Fäh
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Iacob Mihail
- Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Tschudin
- Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dorina M Opris
- Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Materials, ETH, Zurich, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kostiantyn V Kravchyk
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH, Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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4
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Khmelnitskaia AG, Kalinina AA, Meshkov IB, Tukhvatshin RS, Cherkaev GV, Ponomarenko SA, Muzafarov AM. Synthesis of Vinyl-Containing Polydimethylsiloxane in An Active Medium. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:257. [PMID: 38257056 PMCID: PMC10819907 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This research deals with the synthesis of copoly(methylvinyl)(dimethyl)siloxanes by the copolycondensation of dimethyldiethoxy- and methylvinyldimethoxysilane in an active medium, followed by thermal condensation in a vacuum. We achieved a range of copolymers exhibiting finely tuned molecular weights spanning between 1500 and 20,000 with regulated functional methylvinylsiloxane units. Analysis of the microstructure showed that the copolymerization predominantly formed products demonstrating a random distribution of units (R~1). However, an increase in the content of vinyl-containing monomers increases the R parameter, indicating an enhanced tendency towards alternating linkages within the copolymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra A. Kalinina
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.K.); (I.B.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
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5
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Guo Y, Guo H, He D, Sun J, Chen W, Song Y, Zhou G. Development of Cyclic Tetrasiloxane Polymer as a High-Performance Dielectric and Hydrophobic Layer for Electrowetting Displays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46470-46482. [PMID: 37738528 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic tetrasiloxane polymer (CTP) has recently garnered interest as a hydrophobic material with unique properties. This study aims to enhance the dielectric constant of CTP films by introducing excess Si-H groups and to explore the impact of synthesis and processing conditions on the resulting properties. The film demonstrates high hydrophobicity, with contact angles of 107° in air and 165° in n-decane, along with a notable dielectric constant of 5.1°. Furthermore, the CTP film displays reversible electrowetting behavior with low contact angle hysteresis (2°) and possesses good transparency (∼99%) and thermal stability. As such, the CTP film has significant potential as a material for the electric wetting of hydrophobic dielectric layers and may serve as a promising alternative in electrowetting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech., Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dinggui He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wangqiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech., Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
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6
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Ghazaryan G, Khmelnitskaia A, Bezsudnov I, Kalinina A, Agina E, Ponomarenko S. A Concise Guide to Silicone-Based Spring-Roll Actuator Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3908. [PMID: 37835958 PMCID: PMC10574830 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A spring-roll actuator is a multilayer configuration of dielectric elastomer actuators that deforms in response to an electric field. To date, all spring-roll actuators are based on acrylate dielectric elastomers (DEs), and a few can reach deformations on a par with strains observed in natural muscles. Sensitivity to temperature and humidity, as well as the slow response times of acrylates, limit the commercialisation of these actuators. In this work, we developed a spring-roll actuator using commercial silicone DEs because they allow for a broader range of processing temperature and rapid response. Electrodes were deposited on a pre-strained DE film, coated with functional organosilicone polymer composite, and rolled around a metal spring. The coating enhanced the interfacial adhesion between DE and compliant electrodes, preserving the integrity and electro-mechanical properties of the fabricated spring-roll actuator. As to performance, the silicone-based spring-roll actuator could bear 200 times its own weight and displace it by 6% at the applied electric field of 90 V/μm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sergey Ponomarenko
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (G.G.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (E.A.)
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7
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Tarasenkov AN, Parshina MS, Goncharuk GP, Borisov KM, Golubev EK, Meshkov IB, Cherkaev GV, Shevchenko VG, Ponomarenko SA, Muzafarov AM. Thioether-Containing Zirconium(Alkoxy)Siloxanes: Synthesis and Study of Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of Silica-Filled Polydimethylsiloxane Compositions Cured by Them. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3361. [PMID: 37631420 PMCID: PMC10458246 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of thioether-containing zirconium siloxanes, differing in their composition and metal atom shielding degree with a siloxy substituent, were synthesized and characterized. Synthesis of such compounds made it possible to evaluate the effect of sulfur atoms' presence in the cured compositions on their dielectric properties, as well as to evaluate their curing ability and influence on mechanical characteristics compared to the sulfur-free analogs obtained earlier. Studying a wide range of compositions differing in their content and ratio of metallosiloxane and silica components revealed that such systems are still typical dielectrics. At the same time, the introduction of thioether groups can provide increased dielectric constant and conductivity in comparison with previously obtained sulfur-free similar compositions in the <102 Hz frequency range (dielectric constant up to ~10-30 at frequency range 1-10 Hz). As before, the dielectric parameters increase is directly determined by the silica component proportion in the cured material. It is also shown that varying sulfur-containing zirconium siloxanes structure and functionality and its combination with previously obtained sulfur-free analogs, along with varying the functionality and rubber chain length, can be an effective tool for changing the dielectric and mechanical material parameters in a wide range (tensile strength 0.5-7 Mpa, elastic deformation 2-300%), which determine the prospects for the use of such cured systems as dielectric elastomers for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Tarasenkov
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Maria S. Parshina
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Vavilova 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina P. Goncharuk
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Kirill M. Borisov
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Evgeniy K. Golubev
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ivan B. Meshkov
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Georgiy V. Cherkaev
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Vitaliy G. Shevchenko
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Sergey A. Ponomarenko
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Aziz M. Muzafarov
- N. S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPM RAS), Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.P.); (G.P.G.); (K.M.B.); (E.K.G.); (I.B.M.); (G.V.C.); (V.G.S.); (S.A.P.); (A.M.M.)
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Vavilova 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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8
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Sheima Y, Venkatesan TR, Frauenrath H, Opris DM. Synthesis of polysiloxane elastomers modified with sulfonyl side groups and their electromechanical response. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2023; 11:7367-7376. [PMID: 37304728 PMCID: PMC10249063 DOI: 10.1039/d3tc00200d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric elastomer transducers are elastic capacitors that respond to mechanical or electrical stress. They can be used in applications such as millimeter-sized soft robots and harvesters of the energy contained in ocean waves. The dielectric component of these capacitors is a thin elastic film, preferably made of a material having a high dielectric permittivity. When properly designed, these materials convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa, as well as thermal energy into electrical energy and vice versa. Whether a polymer can be used for one or the other application is determined by its glass transition temperature (Tg), which should be significantly below room temperature for the former and around room temperature for the latter function. Herein, we report a polysiloxane elastomer modified with polar sulfonyl side groups to contribute to this field with a powerful new material. This material has a dielectric permittivity as high as 18.4 at 10 kHz and 20 °C, a relatively low conductivity of 5 × 10-10 S cm-1, and a large actuation strain of 12% at an electric field of 11.4 V μm-1 (0.25 Hz and 400 V). At 0.5 Hz and 400 V, the actuator showed a stable actuation of 9% over 1000 cycles. The material exhibited a Tg of -13.6 °C, which although is well below room temperature affected the material's response in actuators, which shows significant differences in the response at different frequencies and temperatures and in films with different thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yauhen Sheima
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Empa Überlandstrasse 129 Dübendorf CH-8600 Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 6 Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Thulasinath Raman Venkatesan
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Empa Überlandstrasse 129 Dübendorf CH-8600 Switzerland
| | - Holger Frauenrath
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 6 Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Dorina M Opris
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Empa Überlandstrasse 129 Dübendorf CH-8600 Switzerland
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9
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Adeli Y, Owusu F, Nüesch FA, Opris DM. On-Demand Cross-Linkable Bottlebrush Polymers for Voltage-Driven Artificial Muscles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20410-20420. [PMID: 37042624 PMCID: PMC10141291 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) generate motion resembling natural muscles in reliability, adaptability, elongation, and frequency of operation. They are highly attractive in implantable soft robots or artificial organs. However, many applications of such devices are hindered by the high driving voltage required for operation, which exceeds the safety threshold for the human body. Although the driving voltage can be reduced by decreasing the thickness and the elastic modulus, soft materials are prone to electromechanical instability (EMI), which causes dielectric breakdown. The elastomers made by cross-linking bottlebrush polymers are promising for achieving DEAs that suppress EMI. In previous work, they were chemically cross-linked using an in situ free-radical UV-induced polymerization, which is oxygen-sensitive and does not allow the formation of thin films. Therefore, the respective actuators were operated at voltages above 4000 V. Herein, macromonomers that can be polymerized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization and subsequently cross-linked via a UV-induced thiol-ene click reaction are developed. They allow us to fast cross-link defect-free thin films with a thickness below 100 μm. The dielectric films give up to 12% lateral actuation at 1000 V and survive more than 10,000 cycles at frequencies up to 10 Hz. The easy and efficient preparation approach of the defect-free thin films under air provides easy accessibility to bottlebrush polymeric materials for future research. Additionally, the desired properties, actuation under low voltage, and long lifetime revealed the potential of the developed materials in soft robotic implantable devices. Furthermore, the C-C double bonds in the polymer backbone allow for chemical modification with polar groups and increase the materials' dielectric permittivity to a value of 5.5, which is the highest value of dielectric permittivity for a cross-linked bottlebrush polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeerlan Adeli
- Laboratory
for Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology Empa, Ueberlandstr. 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole
Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, EPFL, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francis Owusu
- Laboratory
for Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology Empa, Ueberlandstr. 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole
Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, EPFL, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank A. Nüesch
- Laboratory
for Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology Empa, Ueberlandstr. 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole
Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, EPFL, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dorina M. Opris
- Laboratory
for Functional Polymers, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology Empa, Ueberlandstr. 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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10
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Xu Y, Lu S, Wei Z, Feng S. Supramolecular Elastomers with Excellent Dielectric Properties and High Recyclability Based on the Coordinative Bond. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200766. [PMID: 36377472 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The enhancement in dielectric properties and self-healing ability for dielectric materials has been a challenging subject these years. Herein, a series of self-healed dielectric elastomers by combining the ferric ions and carboxyl-containing poly(sulfone siloxane)s is reported. Experimental results indicate the excellent dielectric properties of obtained elastomers, as the dielectric constant up to 12.8. SEM micrographs exhibit that carboxyl groups and ferric ions can aggregate together to generate clusters, which further result in interfacial polarization. Besides, high polarity dipole units including sulfonyl units and carboxyl groups contribute to dipole polarization. The overlay of the two mentioned polarization eventually results in the high dielectric property. The dielectric constant obviously increases with the contents of carboxyl groups and ferric ions. Moreover, the samples are feasible for recycling and reprocessing with high self-healing efficiency, owing to the reversibility of the coordination bond. A self-healing efficiency of 92.1% in tensile strength of the obtained samples can be reached after 2 h treatment at 60 °C. And the elastomers can also conveniently recover most mechanical properties after solution treatment. This work may offer a promising method for preparing dielectric elastomers with high dielectric properties and self-healing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials & Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250199, P. R. China
| | - Shilong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials & Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250199, P. R. China
| | - Zengyue Wei
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials & Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250199, P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials & Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250199, P. R. China
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11
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Tang Y, Yao H, Xu W, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Jiang Z. Side-Chain-Type High Dielectric-Constant Dipolar Polyimides with Temperature Resistance. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200639. [PMID: 36125201 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Innovative dielectric materials with high-temperature resistance and outstanding dielectric properties have attracted tremendous attention in advanced electronical fields. Polyimide(PI) is considered a promising candidate for the modern electronic industry due to its excellent dielectric properties and comprehensive properties. However, the limited-adjustable range of dielectric constant and the difficulty to obtain a high dielectric constant restrict the application of PI as high dielectric materials. Herein, a novel diamine monomer (2,2'-bis((methylsulfonyl)methyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine (BSBPA)) containing a rigid biphenyl structure and high dipolar sulfonyl pendant groups is designed for high dielectric polyimides. The rigid biphenyl and polar sulfonyl pendant groups can reasonably optimize the molecular structure and orientational polarization of polyimides to improve their dielectric properties and thermal properties. Moreover, the effect of different bridge linkages on the dielectric properties is studied by using the different dianhydrides. Thus, the PI-BSBPA films especially the DSDA-BSBPA film (DSDA: 3,3',4,4'-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride) achieve great thermal properties (T5%d of 377 °C and Tg of 358 °C) and excellent dielectric properties (6.95 at 1 kHz) along with high discharged energy density of 5.25 J cm-3 and charge-discharge efficiency of 90%. The collaborative control of main-chain and side-chain engineering is effective to endow the polyimides with high-temperature tolerance and high dielectric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lixue Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Super Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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12
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Glow discharge plasma stabilization of azo dye on PMMA polymer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18358. [PMID: 36319721 PMCID: PMC9626643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of argon gas glow discharge plasma on the surface of DR1 dye-loaded PMMA polymer films are examined in this work. Plasma immobilizes the dye on the surface of polymer without using stabilizers. Argon plasma activates the surface through breaking some bonds and generation of radical sites. It affects the acrylate groups of PMMA leading to covalent bonds between dye and surface of polymer. In addition, plasma treatment and contact with ambient air may result in the creation of new polar components, such as carbonyl and carboxyl compounds and links that enhance the dye attachment to the polymer matrix. Besides, the dye adsorption on the polymer film is impacted by changes in surface topography. Furthermore, plasma modifies the dye conformation, which affects the adherence of the dye to the polymer surface through bringing the dye to the higher energy state. The chemical and topographical modification of dye-loaded PMMA films by plasma are investigated by spectroscopic and AFM methods. Furthermore, aging process was used to confirm dye retention on the polymer film after plasma modification as opposed to dye-loaded polymer film that was left untreated as a reference sample. Finally, investigated method suggests a novel and very affordable technique for fabrication of poly(MMA-co-DR1) copolymer in the form of a homogeneous surface layer.
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13
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Wei Q, Yang D. Improved actuation performance and dielectric strength of natural rubber composites by introducing covalent bonds between dielectric filler and polymeric chains. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Luo H, Wang F, Guo R, Zhang D, He G, Chen S, Wang Q. Progress on Polymer Dielectrics for Electrostatic Capacitors Application. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202438. [PMID: 35981884 PMCID: PMC9561874 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectrics are attracting increasing attention for electrical energy storage owing to their advantages of mechanical flexibility, corrosion resistance, facile processability, light weight, great reliability, and high operating voltages. However, the dielectric constants of most dielectric polymers are less than 10, which results in low energy densities and limits their applications in electrostatic capacitors for advanced electronics and electrical power systems. Therefore, intensive efforts have been placed on the development of high-energy-density polymer dielectrics. In this perspective, the most recent results on the all-organic polymer dielectrics are summarized, including molecular structure design, polymer blends, and layered structured polymers. The challenges in the field and suggestions for future research on high-energy-density polymer dielectrics are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Ru Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Guanghu He
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan Province411105China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan Province411105China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
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15
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Sheima Y, von Szczepanski J, Danner PM, Künniger T, Remhof A, Frauenrath H, Opris DM. Transient Elastomers with High Dielectric Permittivity for Actuators, Sensors, and Beyond. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40257-40265. [PMID: 35998318 PMCID: PMC9900591 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are key materials in actuators, sensors, energy harvesters, and stretchable electronics. These devices find applications in important emerging fields such as personalized medicine, renewable energy, and soft robotics. However, even after years of research, it is still a great challenge to achieve DEs with increased dielectric permittivity and fast recovery of initial shape when subjected to mechanical and electrical stress. Additionally, high dielectric permittivity elastomers that show reliable performance but disintegrate under normal environmental conditions are not known. Here, we show that polysiloxanes modified with amide groups give elastomers with a dielectric permittivity of 21, which is 7 times higher than regular silicone rubber, a strain at break that can reach 150%, and a mechanical loss factor tan δ below 0.05 at low frequencies. Actuators constructed from these elastomers respond to a low electric field of 6.2 V μm-1, giving reliable lateral actuation of 4% for more than 30 000 cycles at 5 Hz. One survived 450 000 cycles at 10 Hz and 3.6 V μm-1. The best actuator shows 10% lateral strain at 7.5 V μm-1. Capacitive sensors offer a more than a 6-fold increase in sensitivity compared to standard silicone elastomers. The disintegrated material can be re-cross-linked when heated to elevated temperatures. In the future, our material could be used as dielectric in transient actuators, sensors, security devices, and disposable electronic patches for health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yauhen Sheima
- Functional
Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerlandh
- Ecole
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux, Station 12, CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johannes von Szczepanski
- Functional
Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerlandh
| | - Patrick M. Danner
- Functional
Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerlandh
| | - Tina Künniger
- Laboratory
for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Arndt Remhof
- Materials
for Energy Conversion, Empa, Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Holger Frauenrath
- Ecole
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux, Station 12, CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dorina M. Opris
- Functional
Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories
for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerlandh
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16
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Krizhanovskiy I, Temnikov M, Kononevich Y, Anisimov A, Drozdov F, Muzafarov A. The Use of the Thiol-Ene Addition Click Reaction in the Chemistry of Organosilicon Compounds: An Alternative or a Supplement to the Classical Hydrosilylation? Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153079. [PMID: 35956590 PMCID: PMC9370781 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents the main achievements in the use of the thiol-ene reaction in the chemistry of silicones. Works are considered, starting from monomers and ending with materials.The main advantages and disadvantages of this reaction are demonstrated using various examples. A critical analysis of the use of this reaction is made in comparison with the hydrosilylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Krizhanovskiy
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Maxim Temnikov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuriy Kononevich
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Anton Anisimov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Fedor Drozdov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
| | - Aziz Muzafarov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
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17
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Maksimkin AV, Dayyoub T, Telyshev DV, Gerasimenko AY. Electroactive Polymer-Based Composites for Artificial Muscle-like Actuators: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132272. [PMID: 35808110 PMCID: PMC9268644 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Unlike traditional actuators, such as piezoelectric ceramic or metallic actuators, polymer actuators are currently attracting more interest in biomedicine due to their unique properties, such as light weight, easy processing, biodegradability, fast response, large active strains, and good mechanical properties. They can be actuated under external stimuli, such as chemical (pH changes), electric, humidity, light, temperature, and magnetic field. Electroactive polymers (EAPs), called ‘artificial muscles’, can be activated by an electric stimulus, and fixed into a temporary shape. Restoring their permanent shape after the release of an electrical field, electroactive polymer is considered the most attractive actuator type because of its high suitability for prosthetics and soft robotics applications. However, robust control, modeling non-linear behavior, and scalable fabrication are considered the most critical challenges for applying the soft robotic systems in real conditions. Researchers from around the world investigate the scientific and engineering foundations of polymer actuators, especially the principles of their work, for the purpose of a better control of their capability and durability. The activation method of actuators and the realization of required mechanical properties are the main restrictions on using actuators in real applications. The latest highlights, operating principles, perspectives, and challenges of electroactive materials (EAPs) such as dielectric EAPs, ferroelectric polymers, electrostrictive graft elastomers, liquid crystal elastomers, ionic gels, and ionic polymer–metal composites are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Maksimkin
- Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street 2-4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.T.); (A.Y.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Tarek Dayyoub
- Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street 2-4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.T.); (A.Y.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Dmitry V. Telyshev
- Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street 2-4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.T.); (A.Y.G.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 124498 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Gerasimenko
- Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street 2-4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.T.); (A.Y.G.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 124498 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Niu Z, Wu R, Huang L, Yang Y, Xia Z, Fan W, Sun W, Dai Q, He J, Bai C. A Poly(dimethyl-co-methylvinyl)siloxane-based elastomer with excellent ultra-low temperature elasticity driven by flexible alkyl branches. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Bui K, Wemyss AM, Zhang R, Nguyen GTM, Vancaeyzeele C, Vidal F, Plesse C, Wan C. Tailoring Electromechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Vitrimers by Cross-Linkers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Bui
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), WMG, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
- CY Cergy-Paris Université, LPPI, 95000 CERGY, France
| | - Alan M. Wemyss
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), WMG, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
| | - Runan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY Bath, U.K
| | | | | | | | - Cedric Plesse
- CY Cergy-Paris Université, LPPI, 95000 CERGY, France
| | - Chaoying Wan
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), WMG, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
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20
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Bezlepkina KA, Milenin SA, Vasilenko NG, Muzafarov AM. Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) and Catalytic Rearrangement as a Way to Obtain Siloxane Mono- and Telechelics, as Well as Well-Organized Branching Centers: History and Prospects. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122408. [PMID: 35745987 PMCID: PMC9229176 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PDMS telechelics are important both in industry and in academic research. They are used both in the free state and as part of copolymers and cross-linked materials. At present, the most important, practically used, and well-studied method for the preparation of such PDMS is diorganosiloxane ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of nucleophilic or electrophilic initiators. In our brief review, we reviewed the current advances in the field of obtaining polydiorganosiloxane telechelics and monofunctional PDMS, as well as well-organized branching centers by the ROP mechanism and catalytic rearrangement, one of the first and most important reactions in the polymer chemistry of silicones, which remains so at the present time.
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21
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Xu WH, Tang YD, Yao HY, Zhang YH. Dipolar Glass Polymers for Capacitive Energy Storage at Room Temperatures and Elevated Temperatures. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Liu K, Qin H, Tian M, Zhang L, Mi J. Towards a comprehensive optimization of dielectric and viscoelastic performance of poly(ethylene-co-methyl acrylate) through chain sequence regulation. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Qin H, Feng Y, Liu K, Mi J, Zhang L, Tian M. From Molecular-Scale Cavities to Nanoscale Dielectric Breakdown in Polydimethylsiloxane Induced by Local Electric Field. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yancong Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianguo Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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