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Su M, Su Y. Recent Advances in Amphipathic Peptidomimetics as Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug Resistance. Molecules 2024; 29:2492. [PMID: 38893366 PMCID: PMC11173824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of antimicrobial drugs with novel structures and clear mechanisms of action that are active against drug-resistant bacteria has become an urgent need of safeguarding human health due to the rise of bacterial drug resistance. The discovery of AMPs and the development of amphipathic peptidomimetics have lay the foundation for novel antimicrobial agents to combat drug resistance due to their overall strong antimicrobial activities and unique membrane-active mechanisms. To break the limitation of AMPs, researchers have invested in great endeavors through various approaches in the past years. This review summarized the recent advances including the development of antibacterial small molecule peptidomimetics and peptide-mimic cationic oligomers/polymers, as well as mechanism-of-action studies. As this exciting interdisciplinary field is continuously expanding and growing, we hope this review will benefit researchers in the rational design of novel antimicrobial peptidomimetics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongxiang Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiaozuo University, Ren-Min Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China;
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2
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Sivokhin A, Orekhov D, Kazantsev O, Otopkova K, Sivokhina O, Chuzhaykin I, Ovchinnikov A, Zamyshlyayeva O, Pavlova I, Ozhogina O, Chubenko M. Amide-Containing Bottlebrushes via Continuous-Flow Photoiniferter Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization: Micellization Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:134. [PMID: 38201799 PMCID: PMC10780833 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, a series of ternary amphiphilic amide-containing bottlebrushes were synthesized by photoiniferter (PI-RAFT) polymerization of macromonomers in continuous-flow mode using trithiocarbonate as a chain transfer agent. Visible light-mediated polymerization of macromonomers under mild conditions enabled the preparation of thermoresponsive copolymers with low dispersity and high yields in a very short time, which is not typical for the classical reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer process. Methoxy oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and alkoxy(C12-C14) oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate were used as the basic monomers providing amphiphilic and thermoresponsive properties. The study investigated how modifying comonomers, acrylamide (AAm), methacrylamide (MAAm), and N-methylacrylamide (-MeAAm) affect the features of bottlebrush micelle formation, their critical micelle concentration, and loading capacity for pyrene, a hydrophobic drug model. The results showed that the process is scalable and can produce tens of grams of pure copolymer per day. The unmodified copolymer formed unimolecular micelles at temperatures below the LCST in aqueous solutions, as revealed by DLS and SLS data. The incorporation of AAm, MAAm, and N-MeAAm units resulted in an increase in micelle aggregation numbers. The resulting bottlebrushes formed uni- or bimolecular micelles at extremely low concentrations. These micelles possess a high capacity for loading pyrene, making them a promising choice for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Sivokhin
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry Orekhov
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Oleg Kazantsev
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ksenia Otopkova
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Olga Sivokhina
- V.A. Kargin Research Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers with Pilot Plant, 606000 Dzerzhinsk, Nizhegorodskaya obl., Russia
| | - Ilya Chuzhaykin
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Ovchinnikov
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Olga Zamyshlyayeva
- Department of High Molecular Compounds and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lobachevsky State University, Gagarina pr. 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Irina Pavlova
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Olga Ozhogina
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Chubenko
- Research Laboratory “New Polymeric Materials”, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu Z, Guo J, He G, Li L, Zhao F, Guo X. Continuous Synthesis of Spherical Polyelectrolyte Brushes by Photo-Emulsion Polymerization in a Microreactor. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4576. [PMID: 38231985 PMCID: PMC10708043 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanosized spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs) are ideal candidates for the preparation of nanometal catalysts, protein separation, and medical diagnostics. Until now, SPBs have been synthesized by photo-emulsion polymerization in a batch reactor, which remains challenging to scale up. This paper reports a successful continuous preparation of SPBs by photo-emulsion polymerization in a self-made microreactor. The effects of residence time, monomer concentration, and feed ratios on the conversion of monomers and SPB structures are systematically investigated by dynamic lighting scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) SPBs obtained in a microreactor exhibiting a narrow size distribution with a short reaction time are very effective in inhibiting the calcium carbonate scale and are comparable to those produced in a batch reactor. This work confirms the feasibility of continuous preparation and scaled-up production of SPBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Yang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Zhinan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Jiangtao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Guofeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
- Jiangsu Feymer Technology Co., Ltd., Zhangjiagang 215613, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (Z.F.); (G.H.); (L.L.); (F.Z.)
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Pham
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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Pham P, Oliver S, Nguyen DT, Boyer C. Effect of Cationic Groups on the Selectivity of Ternary Antimicrobial Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200377. [PMID: 35894165 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial polymers (AMPs) have emerged as a promising approach to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. Developed from binary polymers, which contain cationic and hydrophobic groups, ternary polymers are enhanced by adding neutral hydrophilic monomers to improve their biocompatibility. Cationic groups have attracted significant attention owing to their pivotal role in AMPs. Although many studies have investigated the effect of cationic groups on antimicrobial activity of binary AMPs, there is a lack of comprehensive and systematic evaluation for ternary AMPs. Therefore, a library of 31 statistical amphiphilic ternary polymers containing different cationic groups, including primary amine, guanidine and sulfonium groups was prepared to investigate the impact of cationic groups on antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility. We show that the cationic balance appears to be a critical factor influencing polymers' antibacterial activity and selectivity. Our results reveal that the polymers that have the ratio of the cationic groups ranging between 50-60%, coupled with a cationic/hydrophobic ratio in the range of [1.4-2] and an appropriate neutral hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, exhibited the highest selectivity toward mammalian cells. Furthermore, selectivity can be improved with suitable cationic moieties and good neutral hydrophilic candidates. In the present study, a lysine-mimicking monomer and PEG chain were the best choices for cationic and hydrophilic sources to develop the most selective AMPs, displaying an impressive selectivity for HC50 and IC50 greater than 83 and 21, respectively. This study elucidates a structure-property-performance relationship for ternary AMPs, which contributes to the development of AMPs capable of selectively targeting gram-negative pathogens. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Pham
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Xu W, Pan Y, Chen L, Su Y, Shang M, Lu X, Lu Q. Continuous microflow synthesis of dimethyl-substituted cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydrides and its application on polyimide films. J Flow Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Sivokhin A, Orekhov D, Kazantsev O, Sivokhina O, Orekhov S, Kamorin D, Otopkova K, Smirnov M, Karpov R. Random and Diblock Thermoresponsive Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Based Copolymers Synthesized via Photo-Induced RAFT Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:137. [PMID: 35012157 PMCID: PMC8747269 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic random and diblock thermoresponsive oligo(ethylene glycol)-based (co)polymers were synthesized via photoiniferter polymerization under visible light using trithiocarbonate as a chain transfer agent. The effect of solvent, light intensity and wavelength on the rate of the process was investigated. It was shown that blue and green LED light could initiate RAFT polymerization of macromonomers without an exogenous initiator at room temperature, giving bottlebrush polymers with low dispersity at sufficiently high conversions achieved in 1-2 h. The pseudo-living mechanism of polymerization and high chain-end fidelity were confirmed by successful chain extension. Thermoresponsive properties of the copolymers in aqueous solutions were studied via turbidimetry and laser light scattering. Random copolymers of methoxy- and alkoxy oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates of a specified length formed unimolecular micelles in water with a hydrophobic core consisting of a polymer backbone and alkyl groups and a hydrophilic oligo(ethylene glycol) shell. In contrast, the diblock copolymer formed huge multimolecular micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Sivokhin
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Dmitry Orekhov
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Oleg Kazantsev
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Olga Sivokhina
- V.A. Kargin Research Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers with Pilot Plant, 606000 Dzerzhinsk, Russia;
| | - Sergey Orekhov
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Denis Kamorin
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
- Chromatography Laboratory, Department of Production Control and Chromatography Methods, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Dzerzhinsk Branch, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ksenia Otopkova
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Michael Smirnov
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Rostislav Karpov
- Laboratory of Acrylic Monomers and Polymers, Department of Chemical and Food Technologies, Dzerzhinsk Polytechnic Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.O.); (O.K.); (S.O.); (D.K.); (K.O.); (M.S.); (R.K.)
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Continuous Differential Microemulsion Polymerization to Prepare Nanosized Polymer Latices in Microreactors. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/2966920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microreactors are a promising platform for continuous synthesis of polymer latices when combined with emulsion polymerization. However, this application has long been haunted by fouling and clogging problems. In this work, we proposed the strategy of conducting differential microemulsion polymerization in microreactors within a biphasic slug flow and achieved rapid and stable preparation of nanosized PMMA latices (polymeric content as high as 15.7% with average particle size smaller than 20 nm). We started by exploring the temperature thresholds with thermal and redox initiation, the effect of initiator concentration, and the kinetic characteristics of microemulsion polymerization at different temperatures. Then, as for the differential microemulsion polymerization, extensive investigation was made into the effects of the volumetric flow ratio, the prepolymerization time, the initiator concentration, and the solid content of the initial microemulsion. Finally, we compared the differential microemulsion polymerization with the soap-free emulsion polymerization in the slug flow. The striking advantages in the polymerization rate, the average particle diameter, and the size distribution reflected higher density of particle nuclei, larger specific surface area of particles, and the pivotal effect of the persistent particle nucleation in the microemulsion polymerization.
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Breen CP, Nambiar AM, Jamison TF, Jensen KF. Ready, Set, Flow! Automated Continuous Synthesis and Optimization. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Corrigan N, Trujillo FJ, Xu J, Moad G, Hawker CJ, Boyer C. Divergent Synthesis of Graft and Branched Copolymers through Spatially Controlled Photopolymerization in Flow Reactors. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Jiangtao Xu
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory and Departments of Materials, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Sivo A, Galaverna RDS, Gomes GR, Pastre JC, Vilé G. From circular synthesis to material manufacturing: advances, challenges, and future steps for using flow chemistry in novel application area. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00411a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We review the emerging use of flow technologies for circular chemistry and material manufacturing, highlighting advances, challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sivo
- Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- IT-20131 Milano
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry
- Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- IT-20131 Milano
- Italy
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12
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Nothling MD, Fu Q, Reyhani A, Allison‐Logan S, Jung K, Zhu J, Kamigaito M, Boyer C, Qiao GG. Progress and Perspectives Beyond Traditional RAFT Polymerization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001656. [PMID: 33101866 PMCID: PMC7578854 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced materials based on well-defined polymeric architectures is proving to be a highly prosperous research direction across both industry and academia. Controlled radical polymerization techniques are receiving unprecedented attention, with reversible-deactivation chain growth procedures now routinely leveraged to prepare exquisitely precise polymer products. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful protocol within this domain, where the unique chemistry of thiocarbonylthio (TCT) compounds can be harnessed to control radical chain growth of vinyl polymers. With the intense recent focus on RAFT, new strategies for initiation and external control have emerged that are paving the way for preparing well-defined polymers for demanding applications. In this work, the cutting-edge innovations in RAFT that are opening up this technique to a broader suite of materials researchers are explored. Emerging strategies for activating TCTs are surveyed, which are providing access into traditionally challenging environments for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. The latest advances and future perspectives in applying RAFT-derived polymers are also shared, with the goal to convey the rich potential of RAFT for an ever-expanding range of high-performance applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell D. Nothling
- Polymer Science GroupDepartment of Chemical EngineeringThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment (CTWW)School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Amin Reyhani
- Polymer Science GroupDepartment of Chemical EngineeringThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia
| | - Stephanie Allison‐Logan
- Polymer Science GroupDepartment of Chemical EngineeringThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)School of Chemical EngineeringUNWSSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Jian Zhu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Material ScienceDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Masami Kamigaito
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityFuro‐cho, Chikusa‐kuNagoya464‐8603Japan
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)School of Chemical EngineeringUNWSSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Greg G. Qiao
- Polymer Science GroupDepartment of Chemical EngineeringThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia
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13
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Zaquen N, Rubens M, Corrigan N, Xu J, Zetterlund PB, Boyer C, Junkers T. Polymer Synthesis in Continuous Flow Reactors. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Reis MH, Leibfarth FA, Pitet LM. Polymerizations in Continuous Flow: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Diverse Polymeric Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:123-133. [PMID: 35638663 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The number of reports using continuous flow technology in tubular reactors to perform precision polymerizations has grown enormously in recent years. Flow polymerizations allow highly efficient preparation of polymers exhibiting well-defined molecular characteristics, and has been applied to a slew of monomers and various polymerization mechanisms, including anionic, cationic, radical, and ring-opening. Polymerization conducted in continuous flow offers several distinct advantages, including improved efficiency, reproducibility, and enhanced safety for exothermic polymerizations using highly toxic components, high pressures, and high temperatures. The further development of this technology is thus of relevance for many industrial polymerization processes. While much progress has been demonstrated in recent years, opportunities remain for increasing the compositional and architectural complexity of polymeric materials synthesized in a continuous fashion. Extending the reactor processing principles that have heretofore been focused on optimizing homopolymerization to include multisegment block copolymers, particularly from monomers that propagate via incompatible mechanisms, represents a major challenge and coveted target for continuous flow polymerization. Likewise, the spatial and temporal control of reactivity afforded by flow chemistry has and will continue to enable the production of complex polymeric architectures. This Viewpoint offers a brief background of continuous flow polymerization focused primarily on tubular (micro)reactors and includes selected examples that are relevant to these specific developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus H. Reis
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Louis M. Pitet
- Advanced Polymer Functionalization Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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Li S, Han G, Zhang W. Photoregulated reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00054j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Different strategies on photoregulated RAFT polymerization are developed. This minireview summarizes recent advances in photoregulated RAFT polymerization and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Guang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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16
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Parkinson S, Knox ST, Bourne RA, Warren NJ. Rapid production of block copolymer nano-objects via continuous-flow ultrafast RAFT dispersion polymerisation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00276c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-flow reactors are exploited for conducting ultrafast RAFT dispersion polymerisation for the preparation of diblock copolymer nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Parkinson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Stephen T. Knox
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Richard A. Bourne
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
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17
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Van De Walle M, Petit C, Blinco JP, Barner-Kowollik C. Visible-light reversible photopolymerisation: insights via online photoflow – electrospray ionisation – mass spectrometry. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01119c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a scalable photopolyaddition polymerisations using the pyrene-chalcone [2+2]-cycloaddition and monitor the photodepolymerisation process via an online photoflow – electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van De Walle
- Centre for Materials Science
- Centre for a Waste Free World
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
| | - Charlotte Petit
- Centre for Materials Science
- Centre for a Waste Free World
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
| | - James P. Blinco
- Centre for Materials Science
- Centre for a Waste Free World
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science
- Centre for a Waste Free World
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
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18
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Knox ST, Warren NJ. Enabling technologies in polymer synthesis: accessing a new design space for advanced polymer materials. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00474b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses how developments in laboratory technologies can push the boundaries of what is achievable using existing polymer synthesis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Knox
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
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19
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Liu D, Zeng R, Sun H, Zhang L, Tan J. Blue Light-Initiated Alcoholic RAFT Dispersion Polymerization of Benzyl Methacrylate: A Detailed Study. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1284. [PMID: 31374884 PMCID: PMC6723682 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue light-initiated alcoholic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) using bis (acyl) phosphane oxide (BAPO) as the photo-initiator is developed to prepare diblock copolymer nano-objects. High monomer conversion (95%) was achieved within 2 h of blue light irradiation in an isopropanol/water mixture. Effects of solvent, light intensity, and reaction temperature on the polymerization kinetics were evaluated. Finally, the effect of reaction temperature on the morphologies of diblock copolymer nano-objects was investigated and two morphological phase diagrams were constructed at 25 and 70 °C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement confirmed that increasing the reaction temperature promoted the evolution of higher order morphology. We believe this study will provide more mechanistic insights into alcoholic RAFT dispersion polymerization for the creation of diblock copolymer nano-objects with well-defined structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruiming Zeng
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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20
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Reyhani A, McKenzie TG, Fu Q, Qiao GG. Fenton‐Chemistry‐Mediated Radical Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900220. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Reyhani
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Thomas G. McKenzie
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Greg G. Qiao
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia
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21
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Seal P, Xu J, Luca S, Boyer C, Smith SC. Unraveling Photocatalytic Mechanism and Selectivity in PET‐RAFT Polymerization. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Seal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1) 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sergio Luca
- Integrated Materials Design CentreSchool of Chemical EngineeringUNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sean C. Smith
- Department of Applied MathematicsResearch School of Physics and EngineeringThe Australian National University Acton ACT 2601 Australia
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22
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Zaquen N, Kadir AMNBPHA, Iasa A, Corrigan N, Junkers T, Zetterlund PB, Boyer C. Rapid Oxygen Tolerant Aqueous RAFT Photopolymerization in Continuous Flow Reactors. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neomy Zaquen
- Organic and Bio-Polymer Chemistry (OBPC), Universiteit Hasselt, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Tanja Junkers
- Organic and Bio-Polymer Chemistry (OBPC), Universiteit Hasselt, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Polymer Reaction Design Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University, VIC 3800 Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Gu Y, Yperman J, Carleer R, D'Haen J, Maggen J, Vanderheyden S, Vanreppelen K, Garcia RM. Adsorption and photocatalytic removal of Ibuprofen by activated carbon impregnated with TiO 2 by UV-Vis monitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:724-731. [PMID: 30448752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The removal of Ibuprofen was investigated by activated carbon impregnated with TiO2. Emphasis was given on the effect of different parameters, such as composite type, initial Ibuprofen concentration (5-25 mg/L), temperature (22-28 °C) and pH (acidic and alkaline solution). The experiment was carried out in a self-made tubular flow reactor, with one 15 W monochromatic UV lamp (254 nm). The composite AC90T10 gives the highest removal degree of 92% of Ibuprofen solution under UV light within 4 h, due to synergy of adsorption and photodegradation. It was found that weight ratio of composite/Ibuprofen has limited effect on the removal degree within the concentration range (5-25 mg/L), but reaction time under UV light (4 h) and pH (acidic solution) are very important. The kinetic experimental data obtained at pH 4.3 at 25 °C on different composites were fitted to pseudo-first, pseudo-second and Elovich models, obtaining a high accuracy based on R2 values. From the results, composites of granular activated carbon and TiO2 can enhance removal of Ibuprofen effectively, making recycle process much easier and less costly, which can be a promising method in future water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Jan Yperman
- Research Group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Robert Carleer
- Research Group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan D'Haen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jens Maggen
- Research Group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sara Vanderheyden
- Research Group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kenny Vanreppelen
- Research Group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Roberto Machado Garcia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Cuba
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24
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Peng J, Xu Q, Ni Y, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Visible light controlled aqueous RAFT continuous flow polymerization with oxygen tolerance. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00069k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A fast visible light controlled RAFT polymerization system without the prior removal of oxygen was successfully carried out in a continuous tubular reactor with water as a green solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Peng
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Qinghua Xu
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Yuanyuan Ni
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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25
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Knox ST, Parkinson S, Stone R, Warren NJ. Benchtop flow-NMR for rapid online monitoring of RAFT and free radical polymerisation in batch and continuous reactors. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00982e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A “Benchtop” NMR spectrometer is used for detailed monitoring of controlled and free radical polymerisations performed in batch and continuous reactors both offline and in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Knox
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- West Yorkshire
| | - Sam Parkinson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- West Yorkshire
| | - Raphael Stone
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- West Yorkshire
| | - Nicholas J. Warren
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- West Yorkshire
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26
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Corrigan N, Zhernakov L, Hashim MH, Xu J, Boyer C. Flow mediated metal-free PET-RAFT polymerisation for upscaled and consistent polymer production. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00014c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A slug flow process has been utilised in conjunction with metal-free photopolymerisation to produce well-defined polymers with outstanding consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine
| | - Leonid Zhernakov
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Muhammad Hazim Hashim
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine
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27
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Zaquen N, Azizi WAAW, Yeow J, Kuchel RP, Junkers T, Zetterlund PB, Boyer C. Alcohol-based PISA in batch and flow: exploring the role of photoinitiators. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00166b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) via PhotoRAFT (photoinduced reversible addition–fragmentation radical transfer) was investigated in polar solvents via continuous flow reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neomy Zaquen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Wan A. A. W. Azizi
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Tanja Junkers
- Organic and Bio-Polymer Chemistry (OBPC)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3590 Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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28
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Székely A, Klussmann M. Molecular Radical Chain Initiators for Ambient‐ to Low‐Temperature Applications. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:105-115. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Székely
- Max Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 2 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Martin Klussmann
- Max Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 2 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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29
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Continuous-Flow Microreactors for Polymer Synthesis: Engineering Principles and Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2018; 376:44. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-018-0224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Buss BL, Miyake GM. Photoinduced Controlled Radical Polymerizations Performed in Flow: Methods, Products, and Opportunities. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018; 30:3931-3942. [PMID: 30559577 PMCID: PMC6293981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced controlled radical polymerizations (CRPs) have provided a variety of approaches for the synthesis of polymers possessing targeted structures, compositions, and functionalities with the added capability for spatial and temporal control, presenting the potential for new materials development. However, the scalability and reliability of these systems can be limited as a consequence of dependence on uniform irradiation of the reaction to produce well-defined products. In this perspective, we highlight the utility and promise of photo-CRP approaches through an overview of the adaptation of these methodologies to photo-flow reactor systems. Special emphasis is placed on the current state-of-the-art in polymerization scalability, reactor design, and polymer scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L. Buss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
| | - Garret M. Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
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31
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Corrigan N, Manahan R, Lew ZT, Yeow J, Xu J, Boyer C. Copolymers with Controlled Molecular Weight Distributions and Compositional Gradients through Flow Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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Zhu N, Hu X, Fang Z, Guo K. Continuous Flow Photoinduced Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 China
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33
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Judzewitsch PR, Nguyen T, Shanmugam S, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Towards Sequence‐Controlled Antimicrobial Polymers: Effect of Polymer Block Order on Antimicrobial Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thuy‐Khanh Nguyen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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34
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Judzewitsch PR, Nguyen T, Shanmugam S, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Towards Sequence‐Controlled Antimicrobial Polymers: Effect of Polymer Block Order on Antimicrobial Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4559-4564. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thuy‐Khanh Nguyen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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35
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Kurek PN, Kloster AJ, Weaver KA, Manahan R, Allegrezza ML, De Alwis Watuthanthrige N, Boyer C, Reeves JA, Konkolewicz D. How Do Reaction and Reactor Conditions Affect Photoinduced Electron/Energy Transfer Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Transfer Polymerization? Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierce N. Kurek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Alex J. Kloster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Kyle A. Weaver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Rodrigo Manahan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael L. Allegrezza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | | | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Reeves
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St., Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
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36
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Yilmaz G, Yagci Y. Photoinduced metal-free atom transfer radical polymerizations: state-of-the-art, mechanistic aspects and applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00207j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization has recently been the center of intensive research in synthetic polymer chemistry because of the unique possibility of topological and temporal control in addition to precise control of macromolecular structure offered by conventional ATRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry
- Istanbul Technical University
- Istanbul
- Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry
- Istanbul Technical University
- Istanbul
- Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry
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37
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Shanmugam S, Matyjaszewski K. Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art in 2017. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1284.ch001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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38
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Yeow J, Boyer C. Photoinitiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (Photo-PISA): New Insights and Opportunities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700137. [PMID: 28725534 PMCID: PMC5514979 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) process is a useful synthetic tool for the efficient synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles of different morphologies. Recently, studies on visible light initiated PISA processes have offered a number of key research opportunities that are not readily accessible using traditional thermally initiated systems. For example, visible light mediated PISA (Photo-PISA) enables a high degree of control over the dispersion polymerization process by manipulation of the wavelength and intensity of incident light. In some cases, the final nanoparticle morphology of a single formulation can be modulated by simple manipulation of these externally controlled parameters. In addition, temporal (and in principle spatial) control over the Photo-PISA process can be achieved in most cases. Exploitation of the mild room temperature polymerizations conditions can enable the encapsulation of thermally sensitive therapeutics to occur without compromising the polymerization rate and their activities. Finally, the Photo-PISA process can enable further mechanistic insights into the morphological evolution of nanoparticle formation such as the effects of temperature on the self-assembly process. The purpose of this mini-review is therefore to examine some of these recent advances that have been made in Photo-PISA processes, particularly in light of the specific advantages that may exist in comparison with conventional thermally initiated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yeow
- School of Chemical EngineeringCentre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN)UNSW SydneySydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- School of Chemical EngineeringCentre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN)UNSW SydneySydneyNSW2052Australia
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39
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Shanmugam S, Xu J, Boyer C. Photocontrolled Living Polymerization Systems with Reversible Deactivations through Electron and Energy Transfer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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40
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Blackman LD, Doncom KEB, Gibson MI, O'Reilly RK. Comparison of photo- and thermally initiated polymerization-induced self-assembly: a lack of end group fidelity drives the formation of higher order morphologies. Polym Chem 2017; 8:2860-2871. [PMID: 29225706 PMCID: PMC5718300 DOI: 10.1039/c7py00407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is an emerging industrially relevant technology, which allows the preparation of defined and predictable polymer self-assemblies with a wide range of morphologies. In recent years, interest has turned to photoinitiated PISA processes, which show markedly accelerated reaction kinetics and milder conditions, thereby making it an attractive alternative to thermally initiated PISA. Herein, we attempt to elucidate the differences between these two initiation methods using isothermally derived phase diagrams of a well-documented poly(ethylene glycol)-b-(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-HPMA) PISA system. By studying the influence of the intensity of the light source used, as well as an investigation into the thermodynamically favorable morphologies, the factors dictating differences in the obtained morphologies when comparing photo- and thermally initiated PISA were explored. Our findings indicate that differences in a combination of both reaction kinetics and end group fidelity led to the observed discrepencies between the two techniques. We find that the loss of the end group in photoinitiated PISA drives the formation of higher order structures and that a morphological transition from worms to unilamellar vesicles could be induced by extended periods of light and heat irradiation. Our findings demonstrate that PISA of identical block copolymers by the two different initiation methods can lead to structures that are both chemically and morphologically distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis D. Blackman
- Dept of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK . ;
| | - Kay E. B. Doncom
- Dept of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK . ;
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Dept of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK . ;
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Rachel K. O'Reilly
- Dept of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK . ;
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41
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Reyhani A, McKenzie TG, Ranji-Burachaloo H, Fu Q, Qiao GG. Fenton-RAFT Polymerization: An "On-Demand" Chain-Growth Method. Chemistry 2017; 23:7221-7226. [PMID: 28382790 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fine control over the architecture and/or microstructure of synthetic polymers is fast becoming a reality owing to the development of efficient and versatile polymerization techniques and conjugation reactions. However, the transition of these syntheses to automated, programmable, and high-throughput operating systems is a challenging step needed to translate the vast potential of precision polymers into machine-programmable polymers for biological and functional applications. Chain-growth polymerizations are particularly appealing for their ability to form structurally and chemically well-defined macromolecules through living/controlled polymerization techniques. Even using the latest polymerization technologies, the macromolecular engineering of complex functional materials often requires multi-step syntheses and purification of intermediates, and results in sub-optimal yields. To develop a proof-of-concept of a framework polymerization technique that is readily amenable to automation requires several key characteristics. In this study, a new approach is described that is believed to meet these requirements, thus opening avenues toward automated polymer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Reyhani
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas G McKenzie
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hadi Ranji-Burachaloo
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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42
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Ye P, Cao PF, Su Z, Advincula R. Highly efficient reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization in ethanol/water via flow chemistry. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piaoran Ye
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge USA
| | - Zhe Su
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
| | - Rigoberto Advincula
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland USA
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43
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Eckardt O, Wenn B, Biehl P, Junkers T, Schacher FH. Facile photo-flow synthesis of branched poly(butyl acrylate)s. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00013h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of branched poly(butyl acrylate)s using photo-induced free radical polymerization of (n/t)-butyl acrylate in the presence of tri(propylene glycol) diacrylate (TPGDA) as a crosslinker and varying amounts of dodecanethiol (DDT) as a chain transfer agent to prevent macroscopic gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Eckardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07443 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - B. Wenn
- Polymer Reaction Design Group (PRD)
- Institute of Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- BE-3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - P. Biehl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07443 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - T. Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group (PRD)
- Institute of Materials Research (IMO)
- Hasselt University
- BE-3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - F. H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07443 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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44
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Rubens M, Latsrisaeng P, Junkers T. Visible light-induced iniferter polymerization of methacrylates enhanced by continuous flow. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light induced photoiniferter polymerization in continuous flow reactors is very efficient in yielding low dispersity methacrylate block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Rubens
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - Phanumat Latsrisaeng
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
| | - Tanja Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Universiteit Hasselt
- 3500 Hasselt
- Belgium
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45
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Abstract
A benchtop approach is developed for the synthesis of various polymeric architectures using an aqueous Reversible Addition–Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) photopolymerization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yeow
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
| | - Robert Chapman
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
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46
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Tu K, Xu T, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Visible light-induced PET-RAFT polymerization of methacrylates with novel organic photocatalysts. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PET-RAFT polymerization was successfully carried out under irradiation of various LED lights at room temperature by using two novel organic agents 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and 2,4,6-tri-(p-methoxyphenyl) pyrylium tetrafluoroborate for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Tianchi Xu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical
Engineering, and ‡Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical
Engineering, and ‡Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical
Engineering, and ‡Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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48
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Yang P, Pageni P, Kabir MP, Zhu T, Tang C. Metallocene-Containing Homopolymers and Heterobimetallic Block Copolymers via Photoinduced RAFT Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:1293-1300. [PMID: 29276651 PMCID: PMC5739086 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of cationic cobaltocenium and neutral ferrocene containing homopolymers mediated by photoinduced reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization with a photocatalyst fac-[Ir(ppy)3]. The homopolymers were further used as macromolecular chain transfer agents to synthesize diblock copolymers via chain extension. Controlled/"living" feature of photoinduced RAFT polymerization was confirmed by kinetic studies even without prior deoxygenation. A light switch between ON and OFF provided a spatiotemporal control of polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Parasmani Pageni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mohammad Pabel Kabir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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49
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Junkers T. Precision Polymer Design in Microstructured Flow Reactors: Improved Control and First Upscale at Once. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Junkers
- Polymer Reaction Design Group; Institute for Materials Research; Hasselt University; Agoralaan D 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
- IMEC; Division IMOMEC; Wetenschapspark 1 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
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50
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Zhang J, Lalevée J, Zhao J, Graff B, Stenzel MH, Xiao P. Dihydroxyanthraquinone derivatives: natural dyes as blue-light-sensitive versatile photoinitiators of photopolymerization. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroxyanthraquinone derivatives can be used as versatile blue-light-sensitive photoinitiators for cross-linked free radical photopolymerization, RAFT photopolymerization, and cationic photopolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- ENSCMu-UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Jiacheng Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- ENSCMu-UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Pu Xiao
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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