1
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Park S, Kang SY, Yang S, Choi TL. Independent Control of the Width and Length of Semiconducting 2D Nanorectangles via Accelerated Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19369-19376. [PMID: 38965837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly of conjugated polymers offers a powerful method to prepare semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets for optoelectronic applications. However, due to the typical biaxial growth behavior of the polymer self-assembly, independent control of the width and length of 2D sheets has been challenging. Herein, we present a greatly accelerated crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) system of polyacetylene-based conjugated polymer to produce 2D semiconducting nanorectangles with precisely controllable dimensions. In detail, rectangular 2D seeds with tunable widths of 0.2-1.3 μm were produced by changing the cosolvent% and grown in the length direction by uniaxial living CDSA up to 11.8 μm. The growth rate was effectively enhanced by tuning the cosolvent%, seed concentration, and temperature, achieving up to 27-fold increase. Additionally, systematic kinetic investigation yielded empirical rate equations, elucidating the relationship between growth rate constant, cosolvent%, seed concentration, and seed width. Finally, the living CDSA allowed us to prepare penta-block comicelles with tunable width, length, and height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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2
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Zhu L, Liu L, Varlas S, Wang RY, O'Reilly RK, Tong Z. Understanding the Seeded Heteroepitaxial Growth of Crystallizable Polymers: The Role of Crystallization Thermodynamics. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37979190 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Seeded heteroepitaxial growth is a "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) method that has emerged as a promising route to create uniform segmented nanoparticles with diverse core chemistries by using chemically distinct core-forming polymers. Our previous results have demonstrated that crystallization kinetics is a key factor that determines the occurrence of heteroepitaxial growth, but an in-depth understanding of controlling heteroepitaxy from the perspective of crystallization thermodynamics is yet unknown. Herein, we select crystallizable aliphatic polycarbonates (PxCs) with a different number of methylene groups (xCH2, x = 4, 6, 7, 12) in their repeating units as model polymers to explore the effect of lattice match and core compatibility on the seeded growth behavior. Seeded growth of PxCs-containing homopolymer/block copolymer blend unimers from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core-forming seed platelet micelles exhibits distinct crystal growth behavior at subambient temperatures, which is governed by the lattice match and core compatibility. A case of seeded growth with better core compatibility and a smaller lattice mismatch follows epitaxial growth, where the newly created crystal domain has the same structural orientation as the original platelet substrate. In contrast, a case of seeded growth with better core compatibility but a larger lattice mismatch shows nonepitaxial growth with less-defined crystal orientations in the platelet plane. Additionally, a case of seeded growth with poor core compatibility and larger lattice mismatch results in polydisperse platelet micelles, whereby crystal formation is not nucleated from the crystalline substrate. These findings reveal important factors that govern the specific crystal growth during a seeded growth approach by using compositionally distinct cores, which would further guide researchers in designing 2D segmented materials via polymer crystallization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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3
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Zhang X, Chen G, Zheng B, Wan Z, Liu L, Zhu L, Xie Y, Tong Z. Uniform Two-Dimensional Crystalline Platelets with Tailored Compositions for pH Stimulus-Responsive Drug Release. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1032-1041. [PMID: 36700709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional, size-tunable, water-dispersible particle micelles with spatially defined chemistries can be obtained by using "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) approach. Nevertheless, a major obstacle of crystalline particles in drug delivery application is the difficulty in accessing to cargo within crystalline cores. In the present work, we design four different types of biocompatible two-dimensional platelets with a crystalline poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core, a hydrophobic poly(4-vinylprydine) (P4VP) segment, and a water dispersible poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA) block in ethanol by seeded growth method. Transferring those uniform platelets with tailored compositions to an aqueous solution in the presence of a hydrophobic drug leads to efficient encapsulation of the cargo in the P4VP segments via hydrophobic interactions. These drug-loaded platelets exhibit pH-responsive release behavior in aqueous media due to the protonated-deprotonated process of P4VP blocks in acidic and neutral solutions. This work provides initial insight into biocompatible PCL platelets with low dispersity and precise chemistry control in stimulus-responsive drug delivery fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guanhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lingyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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4
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Li H, Han L, Zhu Y, Zheng N, Lai H, Fernández-Trillo P, He F. Morphological transition and transformation of 2D nanosheets by controlling the balance of π -π stacking interaction and crystalline driving forces. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2809-2817. [PMID: 36017717 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00891b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale organic two-dimensional (2D) materials of block polymers (BCPs) have attracted interest on account of their wide potential applications in a range of fields. Herein, we design a new poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) based BCP that contains a triisopropylsilyl side chain and poly (2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) corona, which could assemble into a series of 2D square and rectangular micelles in isopropanol. The aspect ratios and the scales of the 2D micelles can be tuned in two ways, including altering the ratios of the P2VP and PPV-TIPS blocks and their concentrations. By precisely controlling the aspect ratios, micro-scale rod-like micelles are also obtained. From in depth studies of the morphology transition from rectangular micelles to rod-like or square micelles, it is found that the BCPs initially organize into fibers and then assemble into final micelles by the combined forces of π-π interactions and the crystalline force from TIPS side chains. Based on the balance of the two interactions, 2D circle-like micelles are also achieved by heterogenous co-assembly of two kinds of polymers with different cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | | | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Jin X, Zhang C, Lin J, Cai C, Chen J, Gao L. Fusion Growth of Two-Dimensional Disklike Micelles via Liquid-Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengyan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chunhua Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianding Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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6
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Song S, Jiang J, Nikbin E, Howe JY, Manners I, Winnik MA. The role of cooling rate in crystallization-driven block copolymer self-assembly. Chem Sci 2022; 13:396-409. [PMID: 35126972 PMCID: PMC8729813 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05937h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of crystalline-coil block copolymers (BCPs) in selective solvents is often carried out by heating the mixture until the sample appears to dissolve and then allowing the solution to cool back to room temperature. In self-seeding experiments, some crystallites persist during sample annealing and nucleate the growth of core-crystalline micelles upon cooling. There is evidence in the literature that the nature of the self-assembled structures formed is independent of the annealing time at a particular temperature. There are, however, no systematic studies of how the rate of cooling affects self-assembly. We examine three systems based upon poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) BCPs that generated uniform micelles under typical conditions where cooling took pace on the 1–2 h time scale. For example, several of the systems generated elongated 1D micelles of uniform length under these slow cooling conditions. When subjected to rapid cooling (on the time scale of a few minutes or faster), branched structures were obtained. Variation of the cooling rate led to a variation in the size and degree of branching of some of the structures examined. These changes can be explained in terms of the high degree of supersaturation that occurs when unimer solutions at high temperature are suddenly cooled. Enhanced nucleation, seed aggregation, and selective growth of the species of lowest solubility contribute to branching. Cooling rate becomes another tool for manipulating crystallization-driven self-assembly and controlling micelle morphologies. In the self-assembly of crystalline-coil block copolymers in solution, heating followed by different cooling rates can lead to different structures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-978-6495
| | - Jingjie Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-978-6495
| | - Ehsan Nikbin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Jane Y Howe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-978-6495.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3E2 Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-978-6495.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3E2 Canada
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7
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Kwon Y, Kim KT. Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers Having Monodisperse Poly(lactic acid)s with Defined Stereochemical Sequences. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbeom Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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8
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Song S, Zhou H, Manners I, Winnik MA. Block copolymer self-assembly: Polydisperse corona-forming blocks leading to uniform morphologies. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Haider T, Suraeva O, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Terpyridine-Induced Folding of Anisotropic Polyphosphoester Platelets. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:123-130. [PMID: 36855426 PMCID: PMC9954280 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The folding of macromolecules is of great importance in nature. Also in synthetic polymer chemistry, single-chain nanoparticles, i.e. folding synthetic macromolecules, are a current research topic to mimic protein folding and to generate well-defined structures. Here, we present the "folding" of anisotropic polymer platelets to further mimic natural folding processes on the (sub)micrometer scale. We report on the synthesis of terpyridine-functionalized long-chain polyphosphoesters by acyclic diene metathesis polymerization that can crystallize in dilute solution into anisotropic polymer crystal platelets. As the terpyridine units are expelled to the platelet surface, terpyridine-metal interactions could be induced by adding nickel(II) bis(acetylacetonate) (Ni(acac)2) to the platelet dispersion in ethyl acetate. These polymer crystals were "folded" to homogeneous nanoparticles with a wrinkled structure, which were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size and size distribution of the obtained assemblies could be altered by varying the concentration of Ni(acac)2. In contrast, no wrinkled structures but rather intrachain cross-linking was observed, when Ni(acac)2 was added to the homogeneous polymer solution before crystallization. We believe that this concept of "folding" anisotropic polymer platelets will further enhance the control of morphologies on (sub)micrometer particles and might be useful for catalysis or separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias
P. Haider
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands,Email for F.R.W.:
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10
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11
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Wang Z, Ma C, Huang X, Lu G, Winnik MA, Feng C. Self-Seeding of Oligo( p-phenylenevinylene)- b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) Micelles: Effect of Metal Ions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Song Y, Elsabahy M, Collins CA, Khan S, Li R, Hreha TN, Shen Y, Lin YN, Letteri RA, Su L, Dong M, Zhang F, Hunstad DA, Wooley KL. Morphologic Design of Silver-Bearing Sugar-Based Polymer Nanoparticles for Uroepithelial Cell Binding and Antimicrobial Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4990-4998. [PMID: 34115938 PMCID: PMC8545462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-like and cylindrical nanostructures from sugar-based polymers are designed to mimic the aspect ratio of bacteria and achieve uroepithelial cell binding and internalization, thereby improving their potential for local treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. Polymer nanostructures, derived from amphiphilic block polymers composed of zwitterionic poly(d-glucose carbonate) and semicrystalline poly(l-lactide) segments, were constructed with morphologies that could be tuned to enhance uroepithelial cell binding. These nanoparticles exhibited negligible cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and cytokine adsorption, while also offering substantial silver cation loading capacity, extended release, and in vitro antimicrobial activity (as effective as free silver cations) against uropathogenic Escherichia coli. In comparison to spherical analogues, cylindrical and platelet-like nanostructures engaged in significantly higher association with uroepithelial cells, as measured by flow cytometry; despite their larger size, platelet-like nanostructures maintained the capacity for cell internalization. This work establishes initial evidence of degradable platelet-shaped nanostructures as versatile therapeutic carriers for treatment of epithelial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
- Science Academy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Christina A. Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Teri N. Hreha
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Yidan Shen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Yen-Nan Lin
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas 77807, USA
| | - Rachel A. Letteri
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Mei Dong
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
| | - David A. Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
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13
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Li H, Han L, Zhu Y, Fernández-Trillo P, He F. Transformation from Rod-Like to Diamond-Like Micelles by Thermally Induced Nucleation Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | | | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
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14
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Yang S, Kang SY, Choi TL. Semi-conducting 2D rectangles with tunable length via uniaxial living crystallization-driven self-assembly of homopolymer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2602. [PMID: 33972541 PMCID: PMC8110585 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Semi-conducting two-dimensional (2D) nanoobjects, prepared by self-assembly of conjugated polymers, are promising materials for optoelectronic applications. However, no examples of self-assembled semi-conducting 2D nanosheets whose lengths and aspect ratios are controlled at the same time have been reported. Herein, we successfully prepared uniform semi-conducting 2D sheets using a conjugated poly(cyclopentenylene vinylene) homopolymer and its block copolymer by blending and heating. Using these as 2D seeds, living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) was achieved by adding the homopolymer as a unimer. Interestingly, unlike typical 2D CDSA examples showing radial growth, this homopolymer assembled only in one direction. Owing to this uniaxial growth, the lengths of the 2D nanosheets could be precisely tuned from 1.5 to 8.8 μm with narrow dispersity according to the unimer-to-seed ratio. We also studied the growth kinetics of the living 2D CDSA and confirmed first-order kinetics. Subsequently, we prepared several 2D block comicelles (BCMs), including penta-BCMs in a one-shot method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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15
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Kubota R, Tanaka W, Hamachi I. Microscopic Imaging Techniques for Molecular Assemblies: Electron, Atomic Force, and Confocal Microscopies. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14281-14347. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryou Kubota
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Wataru Tanaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- JST-ERATO, Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
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16
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Hils C, Manners I, Schöbel J, Schmalz H. Patchy Micelles with a Crystalline Core: Self-Assembly Concepts, Properties, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1481. [PMID: 34064413 PMCID: PMC8125556 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of block copolymers bearing one crystallizable block has emerged to be a powerful and highly relevant method for the production of one- and two-dimensional micellar assemblies with controlled length, shape, and corona chemistries. This gives access to a multitude of potential applications, from hierarchical self-assembly to complex superstructures, catalysis, sensing, nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, and surface functionalization. Related to these applications, patchy crystalline-core micelles, with their unique, nanometer-sized, alternating corona segmentation, are highly interesting, as this feature provides striking advantages concerning interfacial activity, functionalization, and confinement effects. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art with respect to self-assembly concepts, properties, and applications of patchy micelles with crystalline cores formed by CDSA. We have also included a more general discussion on the CDSA process and highlight block-type co-micelles as a special type of patchy micelle, due to similarities of the corona structure if the size of the blocks is well below 100 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hils
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Judith Schöbel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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17
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Ellis CE, Fukui T, Cordoba C, Blackburn A, Manners I. Towards scalable, low dispersity, and dimensionally tunable 2D platelets using living crystallization-driven self-assembly. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scalable low dispersity platelets were accessed through the self-assembly of crystallizable charge-terminated PFS homopolymers. The use of surfactant counteranions, as well as increasing the self-assembly temperature, improved structure fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Victoria
- Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Victoria
- Canada
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18
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He X, Finnegan JR, Hayward DW, MacFarlane LR, Harniman RL, Manners I. Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Polymeric Amphiphiles: Low-Dispersity Fiber-like Micelles from Crystallizable Phosphonium-Capped Polycarbonate Homopolymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P.R. China
| | - John R. Finnegan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic W. Hayward
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Institut für Chemie Technische, Universität Berlin, Strβe des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Liam R. MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Robert L. Harniman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
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19
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Jarrett-Wilkins CN, Pearce S, MacFarlane LR, Davis SA, Faul CFJ, Manners I. Surface Patterning of Uniform 2D Platelet Block Comicelles via Coronal Chain Collapse. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1514-1520. [PMID: 35617078 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The formation of colloids with anisotropically patterned surfaces is of growing interest for the creation of hierarchical structures and the templating of nanoparticles. We have recently shown that well-defined two-dimensional platelets with low areal dispersities can be formed by the seeded growth of a blend of homopolymers and block copolymers. Herein we form rectangular platelets containing two block copolymers with different coronal chemistries. On addition of a solvent that is only able to solvate the corona of one block, we were able to form colloidally stable micelles with patterned surfaces via coronal collapse. Scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were employed to provide information on the structure and size of the patches decorating the micelle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Liam R. MacFarlane
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - Sean A. Davis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Charl F. J. Faul
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
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20
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Nie J, Wang Z, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. Uniform Continuous and Segmented Nanofibers Containing a π-Conjugated Oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) Core via “Living” Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly: Importance of Oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) Chain Length. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiucheng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Street STG, He Y, Jin XH, Hodgson L, Verkade P, Manners I. Cellular uptake and targeting of low dispersity, dual emissive, segmented block copolymer nanofibers. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8394-8408. [PMID: 34094184 PMCID: PMC8162143 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02593c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based nanoparticles show substantial promise in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Herein we report an exploration of the cellular uptake of tailored, low dispersity segmented 1D nanoparticles which were prepared from an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(dihexylfluorene)-b-poly(ethyleneglycol) (PDHF13-b-PEG227), with a crystallizable PDHF core-forming block and a 'stealth' PEG corona-forming block with different end-group functionalities. Segmented C-B-A-B-C pentablock 1D nanofibers with varied spatially-defined coronal chemistries and a selected length (95 nm) were prepared using the living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) seeded-growth method. As the blue fluorescence of PDHF is often subject to environment-related quenching, a far-red BODIPY (BD) fluorophore was attached to the PEG end-group of the coronal B segments to provide additional tracking capability. Folic acid (FA) was also incorporated as a targeting group in the terminal C segments. These dual-emissive pentablock nanofibers exhibited uptake into >97% of folate receptor positive HeLa cells by flow cytometry. In the absence of FA, no significant uptake was detected and nanofibers with either FA or BD coronal groups showed no significant toxicity. Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) studies revealed receptor-mediated endocytosis as an uptake pathway, with subsequent localization to the perinuclear region. A significant proportion of the nanofibers also appeared to interact with the cell membrane in an end-on fashion, which was coupled with fluorescence quenching of the PDHF core. These results provide new insights into the cellular uptake of polymer-based nanofibers and suggest their potential use in targeted therapies and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T G Street
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - Yunxiang He
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Xu-Hui Jin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Lorna Hodgson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Paul Verkade
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada
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22
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Zhu X, Zhang J, Miao C, Li S, Zhao Y. Synthesis, thermoresponsivity and multi-tunable hierarchical self-assembly of multi-responsive (AB)mC miktobrush-coil terpolymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00245c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive miktobrush-coil terpolymers can exhibit unique physical properties and hierarchical self-assembly behaviors dependent on composition, concentration and external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Jian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Cheng Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Siyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
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23
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Yang S, Kang SY, Choi TL. Morphologically Tunable Square and Rectangular Nanosheets of a Simple Conjugated Homopolymer by Changing Solvents. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19138-19143. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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