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Zöller K, To D, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Biomedical applications of functional hydrogels: Innovative developments, relevant clinical trials and advanced products. Biomaterials 2025; 312:122718. [PMID: 39084097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Functional hydrogels are used for numerous biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound dressings, lubricants, contact lenses and advanced drug delivery systems. Most of them are based on synthetic or natural polymers forming a three-dimensional network that contains aqueous media. Among synthetic polymers, poly(meth)acrylates, polyethyleneglycols, poly(vinylalcohols), poly(vinylpyrrolidones), PLGA and poly(urethanes) are of high relevance, whereas natural polymers are mainly polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid, alginate or chitosan and proteins such as albumin, collagen or elastin. In contrast to most synthetic polymers, natural polymers are biodegradable. Both synthetic and natural polymers are often chemically modified in order to improve or induce favorable properties and functions like high mechanical strength, stiffness, elasticity, high porosity, adhesive properties, in situ gelling properties, high water binding capacity or drug release controlling properties. Within this review we provide an overview about the broad spectrum of biomedical applications of functional hydrogels, summarize innovative approaches, discuss the concept of relevant functional hydrogels that are in clinical trials and highlight advanced products as examples for successful developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Zöller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Dennis To
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria.
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2
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Kali G, Fürst A, Efiana NA, Dizdarević A, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Intraoral Drug Delivery: Highly Thiolated κ-Carrageenan as Mucoadhesive Excipient. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1993. [PMID: 37514179 PMCID: PMC10384811 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aims to design a novel thiolated κ-carrageenan (κ-CA-SH) and evaluate its potential as an excipient for the design of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. METHODS Native κ-carrageenan (κ-CA) was thiolated with phosphorous pentasulfide in sulfolane and characterized via 1H NMR, FTIR, as well as Ellman's test. Cytotoxicity was assessed via resazurin assay. In vitro release of the model drug, benzydamine hydrochloride, was determined. Tensile and mucosal residence time studies were performed on buccal and small intestinal mucosa. Mucoadhesive features were investigated via rheological studies with freshly isolated porcine mucus. RESULTS Thiolated κ-CA (κ-CA-SH) with 1213.88 ± 52 µmol/g thiol groups showed no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 1% (m/v) and low cytotoxicity up to 2% (m/v). Benzydamine hydrochloride showed slow release in solution for both polymers. Tensile studies on buccal and intestinal mucosa showed an up to 2.7-fold and 7.7-fold enhancement in the maximum detachment force (MDF) and total work of adhesion (TWA) of κ-CA-SH vs. κ-CA, respectively. The κ-CA-SH exhibited an up to 4.4-fold improved dynamic viscosity with mucus and significantly prolonged residence time on mucosa compared to native κ-CA. CONCLUSION Since highly thiolated κ-CA shows a slow release of positively charged active pharmaceutical ingredients and enhanced mucoadhesive properties, it might be a promising excipient for local drug delivery in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Kali
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Fürst
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nuri Ari Efiana
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Aida Dizdarević
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Müller L, Rosenbaum C, Rump A, Grimm M, Klammt F, Kleinwort A, Busemann A, Weitschies W. Determination of Mucoadhesion of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films to Human Intestinal Tissue. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1740. [PMID: 37376191 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The absorption of drugs with narrow absorption windows in the upper small intestine can be improved with a mucoadhesive drug delivery system such as enteric films. To predict the mucoadhesive behaviour in vivo, suitable in vitro or ex vivo methods can be performed. In this study, the influence of tissue storage and sampling site on the mucoadhesion of polyvinyl alcohol film to human small intestinal mucosa was investigated. Tissue from twelve human subjects was used to determine adhesion using a tensile strength method. Thawing of tissue frozen at -20 °C resulted in a significantly higher work of adhesion (p = 0.0005) when a low contact force was applied for one minute, whereas the maximum detachment force was not affected. When the contact force and time were increased, no differences were found for thawed tissue compared to fresh tissue. No change in adhesion was observed depending on the sampling location. Initial results from a comparison of adhesion to porcine and human mucosa suggest that the tissues are equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Müller
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christoph Rosenbaum
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Adrian Rump
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Friederike Klammt
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annabel Kleinwort
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Greifswald University Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17457 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexandra Busemann
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Greifswald University Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17457 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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Bogdan C, Hales D, Cornilă A, Casian T, Iovanov R, Tomuță I, Iurian S. Texture analysis – a versatile tool for pharmaceutical evaluation of solid oral dosage forms. Int J Pharm 2023; 638:122916. [PMID: 37019322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, texture analysis (TA) has gained importance as a valuable method for the characterization of solid oral dosage forms. As a result, an increasing number of scientific publications describe the textural methods that evaluate the extremely diverse category of solid pharmaceutical products. Within the current work, the use of texture analysis in the characterization of solid oral dosage forms is summarised with a focus on the evaluation of intermediate and finished oral pharmaceutical products. Several texture methods are reviewed regarding the applications in mechanical characterization, and mucoadhesion testing, but also in estimating the disintegration time and in vivo specific features of oral dosage forms. As there are no pharmacopoeial standards for pharmaceutical products tested through texture analysis, and there are important differences between reported results due to different experimental conditions, the choice of testing protocol and parameters is challenging. Thereby, this work aims to guide the research scientists and quality assurance professionals involved in different stages of drug development into the selection of optimal texture methodologies depending on the product characteristics and quality control needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Bogdan
- Department of Dermopharmacy and Cosmetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 I. Creangă Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Hales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andreea Cornilă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tibor Casian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rareș Iovanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Tomuță
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Iurian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Müller L, Rosenbaum C, Krause J, Weitschies W. Characterization of an In Vitro/Ex Vivo Mucoadhesiveness Measurement Method of PVA Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235146. [PMID: 36501540 PMCID: PMC9741245 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmucosal drug delivery systems can be an attractive alternative to conventional oral dosage forms such as tablets. There are numerous in vitro methods to estimate the behavior of mucoadhesive dosage forms in vivo. In this work, a tensile test system was used to measure the mucoadhesion of polyvinyl alcohol films. An in vitro screening of potential influencing variables was performed on biomimetic agar/mucin gels. Among the test device-specific factors, contact time and withdrawal speed were identified as influencing parameters. In addition, influencing factors such as the sample area, which showed a linear relationship in relation to the resulting work, and the liquid addition, which led to an abrupt decrease in adhesion, could be identified. The influence of tissue preparation was investigated in ex vivo experiments on porcine small intestinal tissue. It was found that lower values of Fmax and Wad were obtained on processed and fresh tissue than on processed and thawed tissue. Film adhesion on fresh, unprocessed tissue was lowest in most of the animals tested. Comparison of ex vivo measurements on porcine small intestinal tissue with in vitro measurements on agar/mucin gels illustrates the inter- and intra-individual variability of biological tissue.
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Mehravaran M, Haeri A, Rabbani S, Mortazavi SA, Torshabi M. Preparation and characterization of benzydamine hydrochloride-loaded lyophilized mucoadhesive wafers for the treatment of oral mucositis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Singh J, Steele TWJ, Lim S. Bacterial cellulose adhesive patches designed for soft mucosal interfaces. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213174. [PMID: 36428212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The wet environment in the oral cavity is challenging for topical disease management approaches. The compromised material properties leading to weak adhesion and short retention (<8 h) in such environment result in frequent reapplication of the therapeutics. Composites of bacterial cellulose (BC) and carbene-based bioadhesives attempt to address these shortcomings. Previous designs comprised of aqueous formulations. The current design, for the first time, presents dry, shelf-stable cellulose patches for convenient ready-to-use application. The dry patches simultaneously remove tissue surface hydration while retaining carbene-based photocuring and offers on-demand adhesion. The dry patch prototypes are optimized by controlling BC/adhesive mole ratios and dehydration technique. The adhesion strength is higher than commercial denture adhesives on soft mucosal tissues. The structural integrity is maintained for a minimum of 7 days in aqueous environment. The patches act as selective nanoporous barrier against bacteria while allowing permeation of proteins. The results support the application of BC-based adhesive patches as a flexible platform for wound dressings, drug depots, or combination thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Singh
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637335, Singapore; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, 70 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.3, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Division of Materials Technology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Sierin Lim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, 70 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.3, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
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Popovici V, Matei E, Cozaru GC, Bucur L, Gîrd CE, Schröder V, Ozon EA, Karampelas O, Musuc AM, Atkinson I, Rusu A, Petrescu S, Mitran RA, Anastasescu M, Caraiane A, Lupuliasa D, Aschie M, Badea V. Evaluation of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg Extract in Canola Oil Loaded in Bioadhesive Oral Films for Potential Applications in Oral Cavity Infections and Malignancy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081601. [PMID: 36009320 PMCID: PMC9404812 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Usnea lichens are known for their beneficial pharmacological effects with potential applications in oral medicine. This study aims to investigate the extract of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg from the Călimani Mountains in canola oil as an oral pharmaceutical formulation. In the present work, bioadhesive oral films (F-UBO) with U. barbata extract in canola oil (UBO) were formulated, characterized, and evaluated, evidencing their pharmacological potential. The UBO-loaded films were analyzed using standard methods regarding physicochemical and pharmacotechnical characteristics to verify their suitability for topical administration on the oral mucosa. F-UBO suitability confirmation allowed for the investigation of antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27353, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were evaluated by a resazurin-based 96-well plate microdilution method. The brine shrimp lethality assay (BSL assay) was the animal model cytotoxicity prescreen, followed by flow cytometry analyses on normal blood cells and oral epithelial squamous cell carcinoma CLS-354 cell line, determining cellular apoptosis, caspase-3/7 activity, nuclear condensation and lysosomal activity, oxidative stress, cell cycle, and cell proliferation. The results indicate that a UBO-loaded bioadhesive film’s weight is 63 ± 1.79 mg. It contains 315 µg UBO, has a pH = 6.97 ± 0.01, a disintegration time of 124 ± 3.67 s, and a bioadhesion time of 86 ± 4.12 min, being suitable for topical administration on the oral mucosa. F-UBO showed moderate dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of both bacterial and fungal strains. Moreover, in CLS-354 tumor cells, F-UBO increased oxidative stress, diminished DNA synthesis, and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. All these properties led to considering UBO-loaded bioadhesive oral films as a suitable phytotherapeutic formulation with potential application in oral infections and neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Popovici
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 7 Ilarie Voronca Street, 900684 Constanta, Romania
| | - Elena Matei
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, Ovidius University of Constanta, CEDMOG, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.S.); (E.A.O.); (O.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, Ovidius University of Constanta, CEDMOG, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Laura Bucur
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Al. Serbanescu Street, 900001 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Verginica Schröder
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Al. Serbanescu Street, 900001 Constanta, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.S.); (E.A.O.); (O.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Emma Adriana Ozon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.S.); (E.A.O.); (O.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Oana Karampelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.S.); (E.A.O.); (O.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.S.); (E.A.O.); (O.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Irina Atkinson
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Rusu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Petrescu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raul-Augustin Mitran
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Anastasescu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aureliana Caraiane
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 7 Ilarie Voronca Street, 900684 Constanta, Romania
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology, Ovidius University of Constanta, CEDMOG, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Sf. Apostol Andrei Emergency County Hospital, 145 Tomis Blvd., 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Victoria Badea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 7 Ilarie Voronca Street, 900684 Constanta, Romania
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Komersová A, Svoboda R, Skalická B, Bartoš M, Šnejdrová E, Mužíková J, Matzick K. Matrix Tablets Based on Chitosan–Carrageenan Polyelectrolyte Complex: Unique Matrices for Drug Targeting in the Intestine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080980. [PMID: 36015128 PMCID: PMC9412913 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the more detailed characterization of chitosan–carrageenan-based matrix tablets with respect to their potential utilization for drug targeting in the intestine. The study systematically dealt with the particular stages of the dissolution process, as well as with different views of the physico-chemical processes involved in these stages. The initial swelling of the tablets in the acidic medium based on the combined microscopy–calorimetry point of view, the pH-induced differences in the erosion and swelling of the tested tablets, and the morphological characterization of the tablets are discussed. The dissolution kinetics correlated with the rheological properties and mucoadhesive behavior of the tablets are also reported, and, correspondingly, the formulations with suitable properties were identified. It was confirmed that the formation of the chitosan–carrageenan polyelectrolyte complex may be an elegant and beneficial alternative solution for the drug targeting to the intestine by the matrix tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Komersová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Svoboda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Skalická
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-466-037-093; Fax: +420-466-037-068
| | - Martin Bartoš
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Šnejdrová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Mužíková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kevin Matzick
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Friedl JD, Walther M, Vestweber PK, Wächter J, Knoll P, Jörgensen AM, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Windbergs M. SEDDS-loaded mucoadhesive fiber patches for advanced oromucosal delivery of poorly soluble drugs. J Control Release 2022; 348:692-705. [PMID: 35718212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To date, buccal administration of lipophilic drugs is still a major challenge due to their poor solubility in saliva and limited penetration into mucosal tissues. To overcome these limitations, we developed electrospun patches combining the benefits of mucoadhesive fibers and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). The fiber system comprises a combination of mucoadhesive thiolated polyacrylic acid fibers and SEDDS-loaded fibers fabricated by parallel electrospinning. The resulting mucoadhesive electrospun SEDDS patches were systemically investigated for fiber characteristics, self-emulsification, mucoadhesion, drug penetration into porcine buccal tissue and biocompatibility. The patches showed high encapsulation efficiency for SEDDS without causing fiber defects or leakage. SEDDS incorporation enhanced the spinning process and reduced the fiber diameter and fiber size distribution. Hydration-dependent self-emulsification provided a controlled release of curcumin being encapsulated in nano-scaled o/w emulsion for over 3 h. Due to the thiolated polyacrylic acid fibers, the buccal residence time of patches was 200-fold prolonged. Further, they promoted a significantly increased drug penetration into buccal tissue compared to fiber patches without SEDDS. Finally, biocompatibility and improved therapeutic effects of curcumin-loaded patches on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts were confirmed. Mucoadhesive electrospun SEDDS patches represent a promising approach to overcome current challenges in the oromucosal delivery of lipophilic drugs to unlock their full therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian David Friedl
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcel Walther
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pia Katharina Vestweber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jana Wächter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Knoll
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arne Matteo Jörgensen
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Pardo-Figuerez M, Teno J, Lafraya A, Prieto C, Lagaron JM. Development of an Electrospun Patch Platform Technology for the Delivery of Carvedilol in the Oral Mucosa. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:438. [PMID: 35159783 PMCID: PMC8840269 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The work herein presented aims to develop and characterize carvedilol (CVD) releasable non-water-soluble monolayers and a multilayer patch made of ultrathin micron and submicron fibers for drug delivery into the sublingual mucosa. Firstly, the developed formulations containing CVD within different biopolymers (PDLA, PCL, and PHB) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), and for their in vitro drug release. SEM micrographs assessed the fiber morphology attained by adding carvedilol. ATR-FTIR spectra revealed good chemical compatibility between CVD and the tested biopolymers, whereas DSC and WAXS confirmed that CVD was in an amorphous state within the biopolymeric fibers. In vitro release studies showed enhanced CVD release kinetics from the electrospun biopolymer monolayers compared to the dissolution rate of the commercial form of the pure drug, except for the slow-releasing PDLA fibers. Finally, the selected CVD-loaded layer, i.e., electrospun PHB, was built into a three-layer patch to tackle mucosa adhesion and unidirectional release, while retaining the enhanced release kinetics. The patch design proposed here further demonstrates the potential of the electro-hydrodynamic processing technology to render unique mucoadhesive controlled delivery platforms for poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pardo-Figuerez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
- R&D Department, Bioinicia S.L., Calle Algepser 65 nave 3, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Jorge Teno
- R&D Department, Bioinicia S.L., Calle Algepser 65 nave 3, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Alvaro Lafraya
- R&D Department, Bioinicia S.L., Calle Algepser 65 nave 3, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
| | - Jose Maria Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
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Singh J, Tan NCS, Mahadevaswamy UR, Chanchareonsook N, Steele TWJ, Lim S. Bacterial cellulose adhesive composites for oral cavity applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118403. [PMID: 34702445 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Topical approaches to oral diseases require frequent dosing due to limited retention time. A mucoadhesive drug delivery platform with extended soft tissue adhesion capability of up to 7 days is proposed for on-site management of oral wound. Bacterial cellulose (BC) and photoactivated carbene-based bioadhesives (PDz) are combined to yield flexible film platform for interfacing soft tissues in dynamic, wet environments. Structure-activity relationships evaluate UV dose and hydration state with respect to adhesive strength on soft tissue mimics. The bioadhesive composite has an adhesion strength ranging from 7 to 17 kPa and duration exceeding 48 h in wet conditions under sustained shear forces, while other mucoadhesives based on hydrophilic macromolecules exhibit adhesion strength of 0.5-5 kPa and last only a few hours. The work highlights the first evaluation of BC composites for mucoadhesive treatments in the buccal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Singh
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637335, Singapore; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
| | - Nigel C S Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Division of Materials Technology, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N4.1, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Usha Rani Mahadevaswamy
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
| | - Nattharee Chanchareonsook
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre Singapore (NDCS), 5 Second Hospital Avenue, Singapore 16893, Singapore
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Division of Materials Technology, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N4.1, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Sierin Lim
- NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637335, Singapore; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore.
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Bielfeldt S, Wilhelm D, Neumeister C, Schwantes U, Wilhelm KP. Effect of a newly developed pastille on the salivary flow rate in subjects with dry mouth symptoms: a randomized, controlled, monocentric clinical study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:117. [PMID: 33711986 PMCID: PMC7953607 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Xerostomia is associated with several diseases and is a side effect of certain drugs, resulting from reduced saliva secretion. Often, aged and sometimes younger people suffer from (idiopathic) xerostomia. Chewing gum and sucking pastilles may relieve symptoms of xerostomia by increasing the salivary flow rate due to the mechanical effect of sucking and gustatory stimulation. Swallowing problems and the urge to cough or experiencing a tickling sensation in the throat might be alleviated through a reduction in dry mouth symptoms. We investigated whether a pastille containing four polysaccharides increased the salivary flow rate and relieved the symptoms of dry mouth. Methods Participating subjects with xerostomia were randomized into two equally balanced treatment groups. Subjects received the pastille on Day 1 and a control product (Parafilm®) on Day 3, or vice versa. Unstimulated saliva was collected every 2.5 min for 0–10 min. Stimulated saliva was collected after subjects sucked the pastille or the control product. The salivary flow rate was determined gravimetrically, and, in parallel, the feeling of dry mouth was assessed using a visual analog scale. Saliva surface tension was measured in pooled saliva samples (0–5 min of sampling). Additionally, in stimulated saliva from six subjects who sucked the pastille, the presence of the main ingredient—gum arabic—was examined by Raman spectroscopy. Results Chewing the pastille significantly increased the mean salivary flow rate by 8.03 g/10 min compared to the mean changes after chewing the control product (+ 3.71 g/10 min; p < 0.0001). The mean score of dry mouth was significantly alleviated by the pastille (− 19.9 ± 17.9 mm) compared to the control product (− 3.3 ± 18.1 mm). No difference between the two products was seen regarding the saliva surface tension. Gum arabic was present in the saliva of all investigated subjects for up to 10 min after sucking the pastille. Conclusions The pastille was well tolerated and effective in increasing the salivary flow rate and reducing mouth dryness after sucking. These results were in line with the detection of the main ingredient, gum arabic, in saliva for up to 10 min after sucking the pastille. Trial registration German Register Clinical Trials (Deutsches Register Klinische Studien, DRKS) DRKS-ID: DRKS00017393, Registered 29 May 2019, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial. HTML&TRIAL_ID = DRKS00017393.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bielfeldt
- proDERM Institute for Applied Dermatological Research, Kiebitzweg 2, 22869, Schenefeld, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Wilhelm
- proDERM Institute for Applied Dermatological Research, Kiebitzweg 2, 22869, Schenefeld, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Neumeister
- Dr. Pfleger Arzneimittel GmbH, Dr.-Robert-Pfleger-Str. 12, 96052, Bamberg, Germany.
| | - U Schwantes
- Dr. Pfleger Arzneimittel GmbH, Dr.-Robert-Pfleger-Str. 12, 96052, Bamberg, Germany
| | - K-P Wilhelm
- proDERM Institute for Applied Dermatological Research, Kiebitzweg 2, 22869, Schenefeld, Hamburg, Germany
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Sanchez Armengol E, Laffleur F. The progress on sulfhydryl modified polymers with regard to synthesis, characterization and mucoadhesion. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120016. [PMID: 33176200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The concepts of mucoadhesion and mucoadhesive polymers were introduced in the 20th century, leading to several advantages. These included enhanced drug absorption and extended residence at specific site of action. Polymeric excipients underwent chemical modification with sulfhydryl groups on the polymeric backbone so as to improve mucoadhesive features as well as potential. This modification resulted in compounds mimicking the nature of secreted mucus glycoproteins. Thus, these thiol group-bearing excipients presented the ability to attach covalently to the mucosa by the disulfide bonding. Nevertheless, the first generation of these thiol-modified polymers, named thiomers, presented disadvantages such as low stability in aqueous media and/or the high susceptibility towards oxidation along with the drawback of low sufficient reactive functional moieties on the polymeric backbone at lower pH. Therefore, in the 21st century, a second generation of preactivated or S-protected polymers with protected thiol moieties were developed, as well as a third generation of thiomers, solving some of the previously described problems. This review article aimed to highlight the progess on a potent sulfhydryl modification during the last decades and the posterior characterization and in vitro/ex vivo/in vivo mucoadhesiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sanchez Armengol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Flavia Laffleur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Taipaleenmäki E, Städler B. Recent Advancements in Using Polymers for Intestinal Mucoadhesion and Mucopenetration. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e1900342. [PMID: 32045102 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of actives is the most desired form of delivery, but the formulations need to overcome a variety of barriers including the intestinal mucus. This feature article summarizes the developments from the past 2-3 years in this context focusing on polymer-based formulations. The progress in assembling mucopenetrating nanoparticles is outlined considering coatings using noninteracting polymers as well as virus-like particles and charge-shifting particles. Next, polymers and their modification to enhance mucoadhesion are discussed, followed by providing examples of double-encapsulation systems that aim to combine mucopenetration with mucoadhesion in the same formulation. Finally, a short outlook is provided highlighting a few of the most pressing challenges to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi Taipaleenmäki
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
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Cationic starch derivatives as mucoadhesive and soluble excipients in drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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