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Yibibulla T, Hou L, Mead JL, Huang H, Fatikow S, Wang S. Frictional behavior of one-dimensional materials: an experimental perspective. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3251-3284. [PMID: 38933866 PMCID: PMC11197433 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00039k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The frictional behavior of one-dimensional (1D) materials, including nanotubes, nanowires, and nanofibers, significantly influences the efficient fabrication, functionality, and reliability of innovative devices integrating 1D components. Such devices comprise piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators, biosensing and implantable devices, along with biomimetic adhesives based on 1D arrays. This review compiles and critically assesses recent experimental techniques for exploring the frictional behavior of 1D materials. Specifically, it underscores various measurement methods and technologies employing atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and optical microscopy nanomanipulation. The emphasis is on their primary applications and challenges in measuring and characterizing the frictional behavior of 1D materials. Additionally, we discuss key accomplishments over the past two decades in comprehending the frictional behaviors of 1D materials, with a focus on factors such as materials combination, interface roughness, environmental humidity, and non-uniformity. Finally, we offer a brief perspective on ongoing challenges and future directions, encompassing the systematic investigation of the testing environment and conditions, as well as the modification of surface friction through surface alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tursunay Yibibulla
- School of Physics, Central South University Changsha 410083 P. R. China
- School of Physics and Electronics, Nanning Normal University Nanning 530001 P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Hou
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University Changsha 410083 P. R. China
| | - James L Mead
- Division Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Department of Computing Science, University of Oldenburg D-26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Han Huang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Sun-Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
| | - Sergej Fatikow
- Division Microrobotics and Control Engineering, Department of Computing Science, University of Oldenburg D-26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Shiliang Wang
- School of Physics, Central South University Changsha 410083 P. R. China
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2
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Zhang P, Zhu B, Du P, Travas-Sejdic J. Electrochemical and Electrical Biosensors for Wearable and Implantable Electronics Based on Conducting Polymers and Carbon-Based Materials. Chem Rev 2024; 124:722-767. [PMID: 38157565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectronic devices are designed to translate biological information into electrical signals and vice versa, thereby bridging the gap between the living biological world and electronic systems. Among different types of bioelectronics devices, wearable and implantable biosensors are particularly important as they offer access to the physiological and biochemical activities of tissues and organs, which is significant in diagnosing and researching various medical conditions. Organic conducting and semiconducting materials, including conducting polymers (CPs) and graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are some of the most promising candidates for wearable and implantable biosensors. Their unique electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties bring new possibilities to bioelectronics that could not be realized by utilizing metals- or silicon-based analogues. The use of organic- and carbon-based conductors in the development of wearable and implantable biosensors has emerged as a rapidly growing research field, with remarkable progress being made in recent years. The use of such materials addresses the issue of mismatched properties between biological tissues and electronic devices, as well as the improvement in the accuracy and fidelity of the transferred information. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in this field and provide insights into organic and carbon-based (semi)conducting materials' properties and relate these to their applications in wearable/implantable biosensors. We also provide a perspective on the promising potential and exciting future developments of wearable/implantable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikai Zhang
- Centre for Innovative Materials for Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Bicheng Zhu
- Centre for Innovative Materials for Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Peng Du
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Centre for Innovative Materials for Health, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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3
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Pirouz A, Papakonstantinou I, Michalska M. Antimicrobial mechanisms of nanopatterned surfaces-a developing story. Front Chem 2024; 12:1354755. [PMID: 38348407 PMCID: PMC10859517 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1354755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Whilst it is now well recognized that some natural surfaces such as seemingly fragile insect wings possess extraordinary antimicrobial properties, a quest to engineer similar nanopatterned surfaces (NPSs) is ongoing. The stake is high as biofouling impacts critical infrastructure leading to massive social and economic burden with an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issue at the forefront. AMR is one of the most imminent health challenges the world is facing today. Here, in the effort to find more sustainable solutions, the NPSs are proposed as highly promising technology as their antimicrobial activity arises from the topographical features, which could be realized on multiple material surfaces. To fully exploit these potentials however, it is crucial to mechanistically understand the underlying killing pathways. Thus far, several mechanisms have been proposed, yet they all have one thing in common. The antimicrobial process is initiated with bacteria contacting nanopatterns, which then imposes mechanical stress onto bacterial cell wall. Hence, the activity is called "mechano-bactericidal". From this point on, however, the suggested mechanisms start to diverge partly due to our limited understanding of force interactions at the interface. The aim of this mini review is to analyze the state-of-the-art in proposed killing mechanisms by categorizing them based on the characteristics of their driving force. We also highlight the current gaps and possible future directions in investigating the mechanisms, particularly by shifting towards quantification of forces at play and more elaborated biochemical assays, which can aid validating the current hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Pirouz
- Manufacturing Futures Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Papakonstantinou
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martyna Michalska
- Manufacturing Futures Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Huang LZY, Shaw ZL, Penman R, Cheeseman S, Truong VK, Higgins MJ, Caruso RA, Elbourne A. Cell Adhesion, Elasticity, and Rupture Forces Guide Microbial Cell Death on Nanostructured Antimicrobial Titanium Surfaces. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:344-361. [PMID: 38100088 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Naturally occurring and synthetic nanostructured surfaces have been widely reported to resist microbial colonization. The majority of these studies have shown that both bacterial and fungal cells are killed upon contact and subsequent surface adhesion to such surfaces. This occurs because the presence of high-aspect-ratio structures can initiate a self-driven mechanical rupture of microbial cells during the surface adsorption process. While this technology has received a large amount of scientific and medical interest, one important question still remains: what factors drive microbial death on the surface? In this work, the interplay between microbial-surface adhesion, cell elasticity, cell membrane rupture forces, and cell lysis at the microbial-nanostructure biointerface during adsorptive processes was assessed using a combination of live confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, in situ amplitude atomic force microscopy, and single-cell force spectroscopy. Specifically, the adsorptive behavior and nanomechanical properties of live Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial cells, as well as the fungal species Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, were assessed on unmodified and nanostructured titanium surfaces. Unmodified titanium and titanium surfaces with nanostructures were used as model substrates for investigation. For all microbial species, cell elasticity, rupture force, maximum cell-surface adhesion force, the work of adhesion, and the cell-surface tether behavior were compared to the relative cell death observed for each surface examined. For cells with a lower elastic modulus, lower force to rupture through the cell, and higher work of adhesion, the surfaces had a higher antimicrobial activity, supporting the proposed biocidal mode of action for nanostructured surfaces. This study provides direct quantification of the differences observed in the efficacy of nanostructured antimicrobial surface as a function of microbial species indicating that a universal, antimicrobial surface architecture may be hard to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Z Y Huang
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Z L Shaw
- School of Engineering, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Rowan Penman
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Samuel Cheeseman
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Graeme Clark Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology & Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Services, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michael J Higgins
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Rachel A Caruso
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, College of STEM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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Rajendran AK, Sankar D, Amirthalingam S, Kim HD, Rangasamy J, Hwang NS. Trends in mechanobiology guided tissue engineering and tools to study cell-substrate interactions: a brief review. Biomater Res 2023; 27:55. [PMID: 37264479 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensing the mechanical properties of the substrates or the matrix by the cells and the tissues, the subsequent downstream responses at the cellular, nuclear and epigenetic levels and the outcomes are beginning to get unraveled more recently. There have been various instances where researchers have established the underlying connection between the cellular mechanosignalling pathways and cellular physiology, cellular differentiation, and also tissue pathology. It has been now accepted that mechanosignalling, alone or in combination with classical pathways, could play a significant role in fate determination, development, and organization of cells and tissues. Furthermore, as mechanobiology is gaining traction, so do the various techniques to ponder and gain insights into the still unraveled pathways. This review would briefly discuss some of the interesting works wherein it has been shown that specific alteration of the mechanical properties of the substrates would lead to fate determination of stem cells into various differentiated cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, tenocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neurons, and how these properties are being utilized for the development of organoids. This review would also cover various techniques that have been developed and employed to explore the effects of mechanosignalling, including imaging of mechanosensing proteins, atomic force microscopy (AFM), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation measurements (QCMD), traction force microscopy (TFM), microdevice arrays, Spatio-temporal image analysis, optical tweezer force measurements, mechanoscanning ion conductance microscopy (mSICM), acoustofluidic interferometric device (AID) and so forth. This review would provide insights to the researchers who work on exploiting various mechanical properties of substrates to control the cellular and tissue functions for tissue engineering and regenerative applications, and also will shed light on the advancements of various techniques that could be utilized to unravel the unknown in the field of cellular mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepthi Sankar
- Polymeric Biomaterials Lab, School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayakumar Rangasamy
- Polymeric Biomaterials Lab, School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Asp ME, Thanh MTH, Dutta S, Comstock JA, Welch RD, Patteson AE. Mechanobiology as a tool for addressing the genotype-to-phenotype problem in microbiology. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:021304. [PMID: 38504926 PMCID: PMC10903382 DOI: 10.1063/5.0142121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The central hypothesis of the genotype-phenotype relationship is that the phenotype of a developing organism (i.e., its set of observable attributes) depends on its genome and the environment. However, as we learn more about the genetics and biochemistry of living systems, our understanding does not fully extend to the complex multiscale nature of how cells move, interact, and organize; this gap in understanding is referred to as the genotype-to-phenotype problem. The physics of soft matter sets the background on which living organisms evolved, and the cell environment is a strong determinant of cell phenotype. This inevitably leads to challenges as the full function of many genes, and the diversity of cellular behaviors cannot be assessed without wide screens of environmental conditions. Cellular mechanobiology is an emerging field that provides methodologies to understand how cells integrate chemical and physical environmental stress and signals, and how they are transduced to control cell function. Biofilm forming bacteria represent an attractive model because they are fast growing, genetically malleable and can display sophisticated self-organizing developmental behaviors similar to those found in higher organisms. Here, we propose mechanobiology as a new area of study in prokaryotic systems and describe its potential for unveiling new links between an organism's genome and phenome.
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7
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Wu J, Zhang B, Lin N, Gao J. Recent nanotechnology-based strategies for interfering with the life cycle of bacterial biofilms. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1648-1664. [PMID: 36723075 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01783k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation plays an important role in the resistance development in bacteria to conventional antibiotics. Different properties of the bacterial strains within biofilms compared with their planktonic states and the protective effect of extracellular polymeric substances contribute to the insusceptibility of bacterial cells to conventional antimicrobials. Although great effort has been devoted to developing novel antibiotics or synthetic antibacterial compounds, their efficiency is overshadowed by the growth of drug resistance. Developments in nanotechnology have brought various feasible strategies to combat biofilms by interfering with the biofilm life cycle. In this review, recent nanotechnology-based strategies for interfering with the biofilm life cycle according to the requirements of different stages are summarized. Additionally, the importance of strategies that modulate the bacterial biofilm microenvironment is also illustrated with specific examples. Lastly, we discussed the remaining challenges and future perspectives on nanotechnology-based strategies for the treatment of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Nengming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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8
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Anbumani S, da Silva AM, Alaferdov A, Puydinger dos Santos MV, Carvalho IGB, de Souza e Silva M, Moshkalev S, Carvalho HF, de Souza AA, Cotta MA. Physiochemically Distinct Surface Properties of SU-8 Polymer Modulate Bacterial Cell-Surface Holdfast and Colonization. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4903-4912. [PMID: 36162102 PMCID: PMC9580523 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
SU-8 polymer is an excellent platform for diverse applications due to its high aspect ratio of micro/nanostructure fabrication and exceptional physicochemical and biocompatible properties. Although SU-8 polymer has often been investigated for various biological applications, how its surface properties influence the interaction of bacterial cells with the substrate and its colonization is poorly understood. In this work, we tailor SU-8 nanoscale surface properties to investigate single-cell motility, adhesion, and successive colonization of phytopathogenic bacteria, Xylella fastidiosa. Different surface properties of SU-8 thin films have been prepared using photolithography processing and oxygen plasma treatment. A more significant density of carboxyl groups in hydrophilic plasma-treated SU-8 surfaces promotes faster cell motility in the earlier growth stage. The hydrophobic nature of pristine SU-8 surfaces shows no trackable bacterial motility and 5-10 times more single cells adhered to the surface than its plasma-treated counterpart. In addition, plasma-treated SU-8 samples suppressed bacterial adhesion, with surfaces showing less than 5% coverage. These results not only showcase that SU-8 surface properties can impact the spatiotemporal bacterial behavior but also provide insights into pathogens' prominent ability to evolve and adapt to different surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silambarasan Anbumani
- Institute
of Physics “Gleb Wataghin”, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Aldeliane M. da Silva
- Institute
of Physics “Gleb Wataghin”, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Andrei Alaferdov
- Center
for Semiconductor Components and Nanotechnologies, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-870, Brazil
| | | | - Isis G. B. Carvalho
- Citrus
Center APTA “Sylvio Moreira” Agronomic Institute of
Campinas, Cordeirópolis, SP 13490-970, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Souza e Silva
- Citrus
Center APTA “Sylvio Moreira” Agronomic Institute of
Campinas, Cordeirópolis, SP 13490-970, Brazil
| | - Stanislav Moshkalev
- Center
for Semiconductor Components and Nanotechnologies, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-870, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F. Carvalho
- Department
of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Alessandra A. de Souza
- Citrus
Center APTA “Sylvio Moreira” Agronomic Institute of
Campinas, Cordeirópolis, SP 13490-970, Brazil
| | - Monica A. Cotta
- Institute
of Physics “Gleb Wataghin”, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil
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Beshay PE, Cortes-Medina MG, Menyhert MM, Song JW. The biophysics of cancer: emerging insights from micro- and nanoscale tools. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022; 2:2100056. [PMID: 35156093 PMCID: PMC8827905 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and dynamic disease that is aberrant both biologically and physically. There is growing appreciation that physical abnormalities with both cancer cells and their microenvironment that span multiple length scales are important drivers for cancer growth and metastasis. The scope of this review is to highlight the key advancements in micro- and nano-scale tools for delineating the cause and consequences of the aberrant physical properties of tumors. We focus our review on three important physical aspects of cancer: 1) solid mechanical properties, 2) fluid mechanical properties, and 3) mechanical alterations to cancer cells. Beyond posing physical barriers to the delivery of cancer therapeutics, these properties are also known to influence numerous biological processes, including cancer cell invasion and migration leading to metastasis, and response and resistance to therapy. We comment on how micro- and nanoscale tools have transformed our fundamental understanding of the physical dynamics of cancer progression and their potential for bridging towards future applications at the interface of oncology and physical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | | | - Miles M. Menyhert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jonathan W. Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210,The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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10
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Chiappini C, Chen Y, Aslanoglou S, Mariano A, Mollo V, Mu H, De Rosa E, He G, Tasciotti E, Xie X, Santoro F, Zhao W, Voelcker NH, Elnathan R. Tutorial: using nanoneedles for intracellular delivery. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:4539-4563. [PMID: 34426708 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of advanced therapeutics, including biologicals and supramolecular agents, is complex because of the natural biological barriers that have evolved to protect the cell. Efficient delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids, proteins, peptides and nanoparticles is crucial for clinical adoption of emerging technologies that can benefit disease treatment through gene and cell therapy. Nanoneedles are arrays of vertical high-aspect-ratio nanostructures that can precisely manipulate complex processes at the cell interface, enabling effective intracellular delivery. This emerging technology has already enabled the development of efficient and non-destructive routes for direct access to intracellular environments and delivery of cell-impermeant payloads. However, successful implementation of this technology requires knowledge of several scientific fields, making it complex to access and adopt by researchers who are not directly involved in developing nanoneedle platforms. This presents an obstacle to the widespread adoption of nanoneedle technologies for drug delivery. This tutorial aims to equip researchers with the knowledge required to develop a nanoinjection workflow. It discusses the selection of nanoneedle devices, approaches for cargo loading and strategies for interfacing to biological systems and summarises an array of bioassays that can be used to evaluate the efficacy of intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, UK.
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Yaping Chen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stella Aslanoglou
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Mariano
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Mollo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Huanwen Mu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Enrica De Rosa
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gen He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Hospital, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Sclavo Pharma, Siena, Italy
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy.
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Roey Elnathan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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11
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Bhingardive V, Le Saux G, Edri A, Porgador A, Schvartzman M. Nanowire Based Guidance of the Morphology and Cytotoxic Activity of Natural Killer Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007347. [PMID: 33719212 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells is regulated by many chemical and physical cues, whose integration mechanism is still obscure. Here, a multifunctional platform is engineered for NK cell stimulation, to study the effect of the signal integration and spatial heterogeneity on NK cell function. The platform is based on nanowires, whose mechanical compliance and site-selective tip functionalization with antigens produce the physical and chemical stimuli, respectively. The nanowires are confined to micron-sized islands, which induce a splitting of the NK cells into two subpopulations with distinct morphologies and immune responses: NK cells atop the nanowire islands display symmetrical spreading and enhanced activation, whereas cells lying in the straits between the islands develop elongated profiles and show lower activation levels. The demonstrated tunability of NK cell cytotoxicity provides an important insight into the mechanism of their immune function and introduces a novel technological route for the ex vivo shaping of cytotoxic lymphocytes in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viraj Bhingardive
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Guillaume Le Saux
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Avishay Edri
- Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Angel Porgador
- Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Mark Schvartzman
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
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12
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Shinde A, Illath K, Gupta P, Shinde P, Lim KT, Nagai M, Santra TS. A Review of Single-Cell Adhesion Force Kinetics and Applications. Cells 2021; 10:577. [PMID: 33808043 PMCID: PMC8000588 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells exert, sense, and respond to the different physical forces through diverse mechanisms and translating them into biochemical signals. The adhesion of cells is crucial in various developmental functions, such as to maintain tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis and activate critical signaling pathways regulating survival, migration, gene expression, and differentiation. More importantly, any mutations of adhesion receptors can lead to developmental disorders and diseases. Thus, it is essential to understand the regulation of cell adhesion during development and its contribution to various conditions with the help of quantitative methods. The techniques involved in offering different functionalities such as surface imaging to detect forces present at the cell-matrix and deliver quantitative parameters will help characterize the changes for various diseases. Here, we have briefly reviewed single-cell mechanical properties for mechanotransduction studies using standard and recently developed techniques. This is used to functionalize from the measurement of cellular deformability to the quantification of the interaction forces generated by a cell and exerted on its surroundings at single-cell with attachment and detachment events. The adhesive force measurement for single-cell microorganisms and single-molecules is emphasized as well. This focused review should be useful in laying out experiments which would bring the method to a broader range of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do 24341, Korea;
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan;
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.S.); (K.I.); (P.G.); (P.S.)
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13
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Monteiro MP, Hernandez-Montelongo J, Sahoo PK, Hernández Montelongo R, de Oliveira DS, Piazzeta MHO, García Sandoval JP, de Souza AA, Gobbi AL, Cotta MA. Functionalized microchannels as xylem-mimicking environment: Quantifying X. fastidiosa cell adhesion. Biophys J 2021; 120:1443-1453. [PMID: 33607085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microchannels can be used to simulate xylem vessels and investigate phytopathogen colonization under controlled conditions. In this work, we explore surface functionalization strategies for polydimethylsiloxane and glass microchannels to study microenvironment colonization by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca cells. We closely monitored cell initial adhesion, growth, and motility inside microfluidic channels as a function of chemical environments that mimic those found in xylem vessels. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), a synthetic cellulose, and an adhesin that is overexpressed during early stages of X. fastidiosa biofilm formation, XadA1 protein, were immobilized on the device's internal surfaces. This latter protocol increased bacterial density as compared with CMC. We quantitatively evaluated the different X. fastidiosa attachment affinities to each type of microchannel surface using a mathematical model and experimental observations acquired under constant flow of culture medium. We thus estimate that bacterial cells present ∼4 and 82% better adhesion rates in CMC- and XadA1-functionalized channels, respectively. Furthermore, variable flow experiments show that bacterial adhesion forces against shear stresses approximately doubled in value for the XadA1-functionalized microchannel as compared with the polydimethylsiloxane and glass pristine channels. These results show the viability of functionalized microchannels to mimic xylem vessels and corroborate the important role of chemical environments, and particularly XadA1 adhesin, for early stages of X. fastidiosa biofilm formation, as well as adhesivity modulation along the pathogen life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniellen P Monteiro
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Jacobo Hernandez-Montelongo
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Prasana K Sahoo
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rosaura Hernández Montelongo
- Departamento de Electrónica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Douglas S de Oliveira
- Campus Avançado de Jandaia do Sul, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Jandaia do Sul, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Maria H O Piazzeta
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais/CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Juan P García Sandoval
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Alessandra A de Souza
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Angelo L Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais/CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Mônica A Cotta
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil.
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14
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Lee T, Lim J, Park K, Lim EK, Lee JJ. Peptidoglycan-Binding Protein Metamaterials Mediated Enhanced and Selective Capturing of Gram-Positive Bacteria and Their Specific, Ultra-Sensitive, and Reproducible Detection via Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3099-3108. [PMID: 32786378 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biological metamaterials with a specific size and spacing are necessary for developing highly sensitive and selective sensing systems to detect hazardous bacteria in complex solutions. Herein, the construction of peptidoglycan-binding protein (PGBP)-based metamaterials to selectively capture Gram-positive cells with high efficacy is reported. Nanoimprint lithography was used to generate a nanohole pattern as a template, the inside of which was modified with nickel(II)-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA). Then, PGBP metamaterials were fabricated by immobilizing PGBP via chelation between Ni-NTA and six histidines on PGBP. Compared to the flat and spread PGBP-covered bare substrates, the PGBP-based metamaterials enabled selective capturing of Gram-positive bacteria with high efficacy, owing to enhanced interactions between the metamaterials and bacterial surface not shown in bulk materials. Thereafter, the specific strain and quantitative information of the captured bacteria was obtained by surface-enhanced Raman scattering mapping analysis in the 1 to 1 × 106 cfu/mL range within 30 min. It should be noted that no additional signal amplification process was required for lowly abundant bacteria, even at the single-bacterium level. The PGBP-based metamaterials could be regenerated multiple times with preserved sensing efficiency. Finally, this assay can detect specific Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeksu Lee
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lim
- Bionano Technology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsook Park
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of General Education, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology, 21 Chungjeong-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34504, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- Bionano Technology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jong Lee
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
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15
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Choi G, Song Y, Lim H, Lee SH, Lee HK, Lee E, Choi BG, Lee JJ, Im SG, Lee KG. Antibacterial Nanopillar Array for an Implantable Intraocular Lens. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000447. [PMID: 32743966 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Postsurgical intraocular lens (IOL) infection caused by pathogenic bacteria can result in blindness and often requires a secondary operation to replace the contaminated lens. The incorporation of an antibacterial property onto the IOL surface can prevent bacterial infection and postoperative endophthalmitis. This study describes a polymeric nanopillar array (NPA) integrated onto an IOL, which captures and eradicates the bacteria by rupturing the bacterial membrane. This is accomplished by changing the behavior of the elastic nanopillars using bending, restoration, and antibacterial surface modification. The combination of the polymer coating and NPA dimensions can decrease the adhesivity of corneal endothelial cells and posterior capsule opacification without causing cytotoxicity. An ionic antibacterial polymer layer is introduced onto an NPA using an initiated chemical vapor deposition process. This improves bacterial membrane rupture efficiency by increasing the interactions between the bacteria and nanopillars and damages the bacterial membrane using quaternary ammonium compounds. The newly developed ionic polymer-coated NPA exceeds 99% antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus, which is achieved through topological and physicochemical surface modification. Thus, this paper provides a novel, efficient strategy to prevent postoperative complications related to bacteria contamination of IOL after cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Younseong Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Lim
- Nano‐Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ha Lee
- Division of Nano‐Bio Sensor/Chip Development National NanoFab Center Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- Institute of Vision Research Department of Ophthalmology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Gill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National University Samcheok 25913 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jong Lee
- Nano‐Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G. Lee
- Division of Nano‐Bio Sensor/Chip Development National NanoFab Center Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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16
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Olsson TB, Abariute L, Hrachowina L, Barrigón E, Volpati D, Limpert S, Otnes G, Borgström MT, Prinz CN. Photovoltaic nanowires affect human lung cell proliferation under illumination conditions. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14237-14244. [PMID: 32608415 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using light to interact with cells is a promising way to steer cell behavior with minimal perturbation. Besides optogenetics, photovoltaic nanostructures such as nanowires can be used to interact with cells using light as a switch. Photovoltaic nanowires have, for instance, been used to stimulate neurons. However, the effects of the photovoltaic activity on cells are still poorly understood and characterized. Here, we investigate the effects of the photovoltaic activity of p-i-n nanowire arrays on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. We have cultured A549 cells on top of vertical arrays of indium phosphide p-i-n nanowires (photovoltaic nanowires), with and without illumination to assess the effects of the nanowire photovoltaic activity on cells. We show that there is a higher proportion of dormant cells when the p-i-n nanowire arrays are illuminated. However, there is no difference in the proportion of dormant cells when the p-i-n nanowires are coated with oxide, which suggests that carrier injection in the cell medium (in this case, the release of electrons from the tip of the nanowires) is an important factor for modulating cell proliferation on photovoltaic nanowires. The results open up for interesting applications of photovoltaic nanowires in biomedicine, such as using them as a dormancy switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese B Olsson
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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17
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The multi-faceted mechano-bactericidal mechanism of nanostructured surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:12598-12605. [PMID: 32457154 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916680117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechano-bactericidal activity of nanostructured surfaces has become the focus of intensive research toward the development of a new generation of antibacterial surfaces, particularly in the current era of emerging antibiotic resistance. This work demonstrates the effects of an incremental increase of nanopillar height on nanostructure-induced bacterial cell death. We propose that the mechanical lysis of bacterial cells can be influenced by the degree of elasticity and clustering of highly ordered silicon nanopillar arrays. Herein, silicon nanopillar arrays with diameter 35 nm, periodicity 90 nm and increasing heights of 220, 360, and 420 nm were fabricated using deep UV immersion lithography. Nanoarrays of 360-nm-height pillars exhibited the highest degree of bactericidal activity toward both Gram stain-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram stain-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, inducing 95 ± 5% and 83 ± 12% cell death, respectively. At heights of 360 nm, increased nanopillar elasticity contributes to the onset of pillar deformation in response to bacterial adhesion to the surface. Theoretical analyses of pillar elasticity confirm that deflection, deformation force, and mechanical energies are more significant for the substrata possessing more flexible pillars. Increased storage and release of mechanical energy may explain the enhanced bactericidal action of these nanopillar arrays toward bacterial cells contacting the surface; however, with further increase of nanopillar height (420 nm), the forces (and tensions) can be partially compensated by irreversible interpillar adhesion that reduces their bactericidal effect. These findings can be used to inform the design of next-generation mechano-responsive surfaces with tuneable bactericidal characteristics for antimicrobial surface technologies.
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18
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Molina J, Ramos D, Gil-Santos E, Escobar JE, Ruz JJ, Tamayo J, San Paulo Á, Calleja M. Optical Transduction for Vertical Nanowire Resonators. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2359-2369. [PMID: 32191041 PMCID: PMC7146857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe an optical transduction mechanism to measure the flexural mode vibrations of vertically aligned nanowires on a flat substrate with high sensitivity, linearity, and ease of implementation. We demonstrate that the light reflected from the substrate when a laser beam strikes it parallel to the nanowires is modulated proportionally to their vibration, so that measuring such modulation provides a highly efficient resonance readout. This mechanism is applicable to single nanowires or arrays without specific requirements regarding their geometry or array pattern, and no fabrication process besides the nanowire generation is required. We show how to optimize the performance of this mechanism by characterizing the split flexural modes of vertical silicon nanowires in their full dynamic range and up to the fifth mode order. The presented transduction approach is relevant for any application of nanowire resonators, particularly for integrating nanomechanical sensing in functional substrates based on vertical nanowires for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Molina
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Ramos
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gil-Santos
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier E. Escobar
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - José J. Ruz
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Tamayo
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro San Paulo
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Calleja
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Cheng L, Min D, Liu DF, Zhu TT, Wang KL, Yu HQ. Deteriorated biofilm-forming capacity and electroactivity of Shewanella oneidnsis MR-1 induced by insertion sequence (IS) elements. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 156:112136. [PMID: 32174561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a model species of exoelectrogenic bacteria (EEB), has been widely applied in bioelectrochemical systems. Biofilms of EEB grown on electrodes are essential in governing the current output and power density of bioelectrochemical systems. The MR-1 genome is exceptionally dynamic due to the existence of a large number of insertion sequence (IS) elements. However, to date, the impacts of IS elements on the biofilm-forming capacity of EEB and performance of bioelectrochemical systems remain unrevealed. Herein, we isolated a non-motile mutant (NMM) with biofilm-deficient phenotype from MR-1. We found that the insertion of an ISSod2 element into the flrA (encoding the master regulator for flagella synthesis and assembly) of MR-1 resulted in the non-motile and biofilm-deficient phenotypes in NMM cells. Notably, such a variant was readily confused with the wild-type strain because there were no obvious differences in growth rates and colonial morphologies between the two strains. However, the reduced biofilm formation on the electrodes and the deteriorated performances of bioelectrochemical systems and Cr(VI) immobilization for the strain NMM were observed. Given the wide distribution of IS elements in EEB, appropriate cultivation and preservation conditions should be adopted to reduce the likelihood that IS elements-mediated mutation occurs in EEB. These findings reveal the negative impacts of IS elements on the biofilm-forming capacity of EEB and performance of bioelectrochemical systems and suggest that great attention should be given to the actual physiological states of EEB before their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Di Min
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dong-Feng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Kai-Li Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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20
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Jakob J, Schroth P, Feigl L, Hauck D, Pietsch U, Baumbach T. Quantitative analysis of time-resolved RHEED during growth of vertical nanowires. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:5471-5482. [PMID: 32083629 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09621c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach for quantitative evaluation of time-resolved reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) intensity patterns measured during the growth of vertical, free-standing nanowires (NWs). The approach considers shadowing due to attenuation by absorption and extinction within the individual nanowires and estimates the time dependence of its influence on the RHEED signal of the nanowire ensemble as a function of instrumental RHEED parameters and the growth dynamics averaged over the nanowire ensemble. The developed RHEED simulation model takes into account the nanowire structure evolution related to essential growth aspects, such as axial growth, radial growth with tapering and facet growth, as well as so-called parasitic intergrowth on the substrate. It also considers the influence of the NW density, which turns out to be a sensitive parameter for the time-dependent interpretation of the intensity patterns. Finally, the application potential is demonstrated by evaluating experimental data obtained during molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of self-catalysed GaAs nanowires. We demonstrate, how electron shadowing enables a time-resolved analysis of the crystal structure evolution at the top part of the growing NWs. The approach offers direct access to study growth dynamics of polytypism in nanowire ensembles at the growth front region under standard growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Jakob
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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21
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Higgins SG, Becce M, Belessiotis-Richards A, Seong H, Sero JE, Stevens MM. High-Aspect-Ratio Nanostructured Surfaces as Biological Metamaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903862. [PMID: 31944430 PMCID: PMC7610849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Materials patterned with high-aspect-ratio nanostructures have features on similar length scales to cellular components. These surfaces are an extreme topography on the cellular level and have become useful tools for perturbing and sensing the cellular environment. Motivation comes from the ability of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures to deliver cargoes into cells and tissues, access the intracellular environment, and control cell behavior. These structures directly perturb cells' ability to sense and respond to external forces, influencing cell fate, and enabling new mechanistic studies. Through careful design of their nanoscale structure, these systems act as biological metamaterials, eliciting unusual biological responses. While predominantly used to interface eukaryotic cells, there is growing interest in nonanimal and prokaryotic cell interfacing. Both experimental and theoretical studies have attempted to develop a mechanistic understanding for the observed behaviors, predominantly focusing on the cell-nanostructure interface. This review considers how high-aspect-ratio nanostructured surfaces are used to both stimulate and sense biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G. Higgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | | | - Hyejeong Seong
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Julia E. Sero
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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22
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Chang L, Wang YC, Ershad F, Yang R, Yu C, Fan Y. Wearable Devices for Single-Cell Sensing and Transfection. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1175-1188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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23
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Wu J, Li F, Hu X, Lu J, Sun X, Gao J, Ling D. Responsive Assembly of Silver Nanoclusters with a Biofilm Locally Amplified Bactericidal Effect to Enhance Treatments against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1366-1376. [PMID: 31482119 PMCID: PMC6716126 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms pose a major threat to public health because they are resistant to most current therapeutics. Conventional antibiotics exhibit limited penetration and weakened activity in the acidic microenvironment of a biofilm. Here, the development of biofilm-responsive nanoantibiotics (rAgNAs) composed of self-assembled silver nanoclusters and pH-sensitive charge reversal ligands, whose bactericidal activity can be selectively boosted in the biofilm microenvironment, is reported. Under neutral physiological conditions, the bactericidal activity of rAgNAs is self-quenched because the toxic silver ions' release is largely inhibited; however, upon entry into the acidic biofilm microenvironment, the rAgNAs not only exhibit charge reversal to facilitate local accumulation and retention but also disassemble into small silver nanoclusters, thus enabling deep penetration and accelerated silver ions release for dramatically amplified bactericidal activity. The superior antibiofilm activity of rAgNAs is demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, and the mortality rate of mice with multi-drug-resistant biofilm-induced severe pyomyositis can be significantly reduced by rAgNAs treatment, indicating the immense potential of rAgNAs as highly efficient nanoscale antibacterial agents to combat resistant bacterial biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Wu
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
| | - Xi Hu
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
| | - Jingxiong Lu
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
| | - Xiaolian Sun
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical
University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
- E-mail:
| | - Daishun Ling
- Institute
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering
& Instrument Science, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R.
China
- E-mail:
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24
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Garg V, Chou T, Liu A, De Marco A, Kamaliya B, Qiu S, Mote RG, Fu J. Weaving nanostructures with site-specific ion induced bidirectional bending. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3067-3077. [PMID: 36133581 PMCID: PMC9418629 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00382g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific ion-irradiation is a promising tool fostering strain-engineering of freestanding nanostructures to realize 3D-configurations towards various functionalities. We first develop a novel approach of fabricating freestanding 3D silicon nanostructures by low dose ion-implantation followed by chemical-etching. The fabricated nanostructures can then be deformed bidirectionally by varying the local irradiation of kiloelectronvolt gallium ions. By further tuning the ion-dose and energy, various nanostructure configurations can be realized, thus extending its horizon to new functional 3D-nanostructures. It has been revealed that at higher-energies (∼30 kV), the nanostructures can exhibit two-stage bidirectional-bending in contrast to the bending towards the incident-ions at lower-energies (∼16), implying an effective transfer of kinetic-energy. Computational studies show that the spatial-distribution of implanted-ions, dislocated silicon atoms, has potentially contributed to the local development of stresses. Nanocharacterization confirms the formation of two distinguishable ion-irradiated and un-irradiated regions, while the smoothened morphology of the irradiated-surface suggested that the bending is also coupled with sputtering at higher ion-doses. The bending effects associated with local ion irradiation in contrast to global ion irradiation are presented, with the mechanism elucidated. Finally, weaving of nanostructures is demonstrated through strain-engineering for new nanoscale artefacts such as ultra-long fully-bent nanowires, nano-hooks, and nano-meshes. The aligned growth of bacterial-cells is observed on the fabricated nanowires, and a mesh based "bacterial-trap" for site-specific capture of bacterial cells is demonstrated emphasizing the versatile nature of the current approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Garg
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Tsengming Chou
- Laboratory of Multiscale Imaging, Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Amelia Liu
- Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Alex De Marco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Bhaveshkumar Kamaliya
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
- Department Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Rakesh G Mote
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University Wellington Road Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
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25
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Roper C, Castro C, Ingel B. Xylella fastidiosa: bacterial parasitism with hallmarks of commensalism. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 50:140-147. [PMID: 31229798 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
All organisms evolve in the presence of other organisms and these intimate associations are major drivers of evolution. Broadly speaking, these interactions are considered symbioses and can take on a full range of positive, negative or seemingly neutral interactions. Just two examples of these symbiotic interactions are parasitism and commensalism. Parasitism results in one partner benefitting while one partner suffers adverse consequences. Commensalism is a form of symbiosis where one partner benefits and the other partner is neutrally affected. Research efforts are more often focused on understanding parasitic symbioses related to disease, hence, much research is performed on identifying virulence factors to understand the fundamentals of pathogenesis. In turn, much less is understood about the fundamentals of commensal relationships. Here, we will take an introspective look at the plant-associated bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa. In some of its many plant hosts, this bacterium participates in seemingly commensal relationships while in other hosts, it causes devastating diseases that result in epidemics, making it a good model for exploring the determinants of where bacteria fall on the spectrum of parasitic and commensal relationships from both the microbial and the plant host perspective. Recent discoveries in how pathogenic X. fastidiosa imposes self-limiting behaviors upon itself indicate that even in its parasitic form, X. fastidiosa displays hallmarks of a commensal lifestyle. Understanding how commensalism can 'go wrong' and manifest into pathologies in specific hosts is a useful vantage point from which to study the determinants of virulence and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Roper
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
| | - Claudia Castro
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Brian Ingel
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
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26
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Lard M, Linke H, Prinz CN. Biosensing using arrays of vertical semiconductor nanowires: mechanosensing and biomarker detection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:214003. [PMID: 30699399 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high aspect ratio and increased surface-to-foot-print area, arrays of vertical semiconductor nanowires are used in numerous biological applications, such as cell transfection and biosensing. Here we focus on two specific valuable biosensing approaches that, so far, have received relatively limited attention in terms of their potential capabilities: cellular mechanosensing and lightguiding-induced enhanced fluorescence detection. Although proposed a decade ago, these two applications for using vertical nanowire arrays have only very recently achieved significant breakthroughs, both in terms of understanding their fundamental phenomena, and in the ease of their implementation. We review the status of the field in these areas and describe significant findings and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Lard
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
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27
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Paulitschke P, Keber F, Lebedev A, Stephan J, Lorenz H, Hasselmann S, Heinrich D, Weig EM. Ultraflexible Nanowire Array for Label- and Distortion-Free Cellular Force Tracking. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2207-2214. [PMID: 30427688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Living cells interact with their immediate environment by exerting mechanical forces, which regulate important cell functions. Elucidation of such force patterns yields deep insights into the physics of life. Here we present a top-down nanostructured, ultraflexible nanowire array biosensor capable of probing cell-induced forces. Its universal building block, an inverted conical semiconductor nanowire, greatly enhances both the functionality and the sensitivity of the device. In contrast to existing cellular force sensing architectures, microscopy is performed on the nanowire heads while cells deflecting the nanowires are confined within the array. This separation between the optical path and the cells under investigation excludes optical distortions caused by cell-induced refraction, which can give rise to feigned displacements on the 100 nm scale. The undistorted nanowire displacements are converted into cellular forces via the nanowire spring constant. The resulting distortion-free cellular force transducer realizes a high-resolution and label-free biosenor based on optical microscopy. Its performance is demonstrated in a proof-of-principle experiment with living Dictyostelium discoideum cells migrating through the nanowire array. Cell-induced forces are probed with a resolution of 50 piconewton, while the most flexible nanowires promise to enter the 100 femtonewton realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Paulitschke
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
| | - F Keber
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
| | - A Lebedev
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
| | - J Stephan
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
| | - H Lorenz
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
| | - S Hasselmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC) , Neunerplatz 2 , 97082 Würzburg , Germany
| | - D Heinrich
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC) , Neunerplatz 2 , 97082 Würzburg , Germany
- Leiden Institute of Physics , Leiden University , 2333 Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - E M Weig
- Center for NanoScience & Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 München , Germany
- Department of Physics , Universität Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
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28
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Elbourne A, Chapman J, Gelmi A, Cozzolino D, Crawford RJ, Truong VK. Bacterial-nanostructure interactions: The role of cell elasticity and adhesion forces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 546:192-210. [PMID: 30921674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The attachment of single-celled organisms, namely bacteria and fungi, to abiotic surfaces is of great interest to both the scientific and medical communities. This is because the interaction of such cells has important implications in a range of areas, including biofilm formation, biofouling, antimicrobial surface technologies, and bio-nanotechnologies, as well as infection development, control, and mitigation. While central to many biological phenomena, the factors which govern microbial surface attachment are still not fully understood. This lack of understanding is a direct consequence of the complex nature of cell-surface interactions, which can involve both specific and non-specific interactions. For applications involving micro- and nano-structured surfaces, developing an understanding of such phenomenon is further complicated by the diverse nature of surface architectures, surface chemistry, variation in cellular physiology, and the intended technological output. These factors are extremely important to understand in the emerging field of antibacterial nanostructured surfaces. The aim of this perspective is to re-frame the discussion surrounding the mechanism of nanostructured-microbial surface interactions. Broadly, the article reviews our current understanding of these phenomena, while highlighting the knowledge gaps surrounding the adhesive forces which govern bacterial-nanostructure interactions and the role of cell membrane rigidity in modulating surface activity. The roles of surface charge, cell rigidity, and cell-surface adhesion force in bacterial-surface adsorption are discussed in detail. Presently, most studies have overlooked these areas, which has left many questions unanswered. Further, this perspective article highlights the numerous experimental issues and misinterpretations which surround current studies of antibacterial nanostructured surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Amy Gelmi
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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29
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Matellan C, Del Río Hernández AE. Where No Hand Has Gone Before: Probing Mechanobiology at the Cellular Level. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:3703-3719. [PMID: 33405886 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Physical forces and other mechanical stimuli are fundamental regulators of cell behavior and function. Cells are also biomechanically competent: they generate forces to migrate, contract, remodel, and sense their environment. As the knowledge of the mechanisms of mechanobiology increases, the need to resolve and probe increasingly small scales calls for novel technologies to mechanically manipulate cells, examine forces exerted by cells, and characterize cellular biomechanics. Here, we review novel methods to quantify cellular force generation, measure cell mechanical properties, and exert localized piconewton and nanonewton forces on cells, receptors, and proteins. The combination of these technologies will provide further insight on the effect of mechanical stimuli on cells and the mechanisms that convert these stimuli into biochemical and biomechanical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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30
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Luan Y, Liu S, Pihl M, van der Mei HC, Liu J, Hizal F, Choi CH, Chen H, Ren Y, Busscher HJ. Bacterial interactions with nanostructured surfaces. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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31
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Seo Y, Leong J, Park JD, Hong YT, Chu SH, Park C, Kim DH, Deng YH, Dushnov V, Soh J, Rogers S, Yang YY, Kong H. Diatom Microbubbler for Active Biofilm Removal in Confined Spaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:35685-35692. [PMID: 30107112 PMCID: PMC8216637 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms form on and within many living tissues, medical devices, and engineered materials, threatening human health and sustainability. Removing biofilms remains a grand challenge despite tremendous efforts made so far, particularly when they are formed in confined spaces. One primary cause is the limited transport of antibacterial agents into extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of the biofilm. In this study, we hypothesized that a microparticle engineered to be self-locomotive with microbubbles would clean a structure fouled by biofilm by fracturing the EPS and subsequently improving transports of the antiseptic reagent. We examined this hypothesis by doping a hollow cylinder-shaped diatom biosilica with manganese oxide (MnO2) nanosheets. In an antiseptic H2O2 solution, the diatoms doped by MnO2 nanosheets, denoted as diatom bubbler, discharged oxygen gas bubbles continuously and became self-motile. Subsequently, the diatoms infiltrated the bacterial biofilm formed on either flat or microgrooved silicon substrates and continued to generate microbubbles. The resulting microbubbles merged and converted surface energy to mechanical energy high enough to fracture the matrix of biofilm. Consequently, H2O2 molecules diffused into the biofilm and killed most bacterial cells. Overall, this study provides a unique and powerful tool that can significantly impact current efforts to clean a wide array of biofouled products and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbeom Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jiayu Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jun Dong Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yu-Tong Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sang-Hyon Chu
- National Institute of Aerospace, 100 Exploration Way, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States
| | - Cheol Park
- Advanced Materials and Processing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Human and Culture Convergence Technology R&BD Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 426-910, South Korea
| | - Yu-Heng Deng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Vitaliy Dushnov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joonghui Soh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Simon Rogers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Pathobiology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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32
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Li Z, Kamlund S, Ryser T, Lard M, Oredsson S, Prinz CN. Single cell analysis of proliferation and movement of cancer and normal-like cells on nanowire array substrates. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7042-7049. [PMID: 32254587 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanowires are presently investigated in the context of various biological and medical applications. In general, these studies are population-based, which results in sub-populations being overlooked. Here, we present a single cell analysis of cell cycle and cell movement parameters of cells seeded on nanowires using digital holographic microscopy for time-lapse imaging. MCF10A normal-like human breast epithelial cells and JIMT-1 breast cancer cells were seeded on glass, flat gallium phosphide (GaP), and on vertical GaP nanowire arrays. The cells were monitored individually using digital holographic microscopy for 48 h. The data show that cell division is affected in cells seeded on flat GaP and nanowires compared to glass, with much fewer cells dividing on the former two substrates compared to the latter. However, MCF10 cells that are dividing on glass and flat GaP substrates have similar cell cycle time, suggesting that distinct cell subpopulations are affected differently by the substrates. Altogether, the data highlight the importance of performing single cell analysis to increase our understanding of the versatility of cell behavior on different substrates, which is relevant in the design of nanowire applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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33
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Hoyos-Nogués M, Gil FJ, Mas-Moruno C. Antimicrobial Peptides: Powerful Biorecognition Elements to Detect Bacteria in Biosensing Technologies. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071683. [PMID: 29996565 PMCID: PMC6100210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections represent a serious threat in modern medicine. In particular, biofilm treatment in clinical settings is challenging, as biofilms are very resistant to conventional antibiotic therapy and may spread infecting other tissues. To address this problem, biosensing technologies are emerging as a powerful solution to detect and identify bacterial pathogens at the very early stages of the infection, thus allowing rapid and effective treatments before biofilms are formed. Biosensors typically consist of two main parts, a biorecognition moiety that interacts with the target (i.e., bacteria) and a platform that transduces such interaction into a measurable signal. This review will focus on the development of impedimetric biosensors using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as biorecognition elements. AMPs belong to the innate immune system of living organisms and are very effective in interacting with bacterial membranes. They offer unique advantages compared to other classical bioreceptor molecules such as enzymes or antibodies. Moreover, impedance-based sensors allow the development of label-free, rapid, sensitive, specific and cost-effective sensing platforms. In summary, AMPs and impedimetric transducers combine excellent properties to produce robust biosensors for the early detection of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Hoyos-Nogués
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - F J Gil
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
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34
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Zhang P, Aydemir N, Alkaisi M, Williams DE, Travas-Sejdic J. Direct Writing and Characterization of Three-Dimensional Conducting Polymer PEDOT Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:11888-11895. [PMID: 29570263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Direct writing is an effective and versatile technique for three-dimensional (3D) fabrication of conducting polymer (CP) structures. It is precisely localized and highly controllable, thus providing great opportunities for incorporating CPs into microelectronic array devices. Herein we demonstrate 3D writing and characterization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) pillars in an array format, by using an in-house-constructed variant of scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM). CP pillars with different aspect ratios were successfully fabricated by optimizing the writing parameters: pulling speed, pulling time, concentration of the polymer solution, and the micropipette tip diameter. Especially, super high aspect ratio pillars of around 7 μm in diameter and 5000 μm in height were fabricated, indicating a good capability of this direct writing technique. Additions of an organic solvent and a cross-linking agent contribute to a significantly enhanced water stability of the pillars, critical if the arrays were to be used in biologically relevant applications. Surface morphologies and structural analysis of CP pillars were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Electrochemical properties of the individual pillars of different heights were examined by cyclic voltammetry using a double-barrel micropipette as an electrochemical cell. Exceptional mechanical properties of the pillars, such as high flexibility and robustness, were observed when bent by applying a force. The 3D pillar arrays are expected to provide versatile substrates for functionalized and integrated biological sensing and electrically addressable array devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikai Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences , The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010 , New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | - Nihan Aydemir
- School of Chemical Sciences , The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010 , New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | - Maan Alkaisi
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering , University of Canterbury , Christchurch 8140 , New Zealand
| | - David E Williams
- School of Chemical Sciences , The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010 , New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- School of Chemical Sciences , The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010 , New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , Wellington 6140 , New Zealand
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35
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Bhadra CM, Werner M, Baulin VA, Truong VK, Kobaisi MA, Nguyen SH, Balcytis A, Juodkazis S, Wang JY, Mainwaring DE, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. Subtle Variations in Surface Properties of Black Silicon Surfaces Influence the Degree of Bactericidal Efficiency. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2018; 10:36. [PMID: 30393685 PMCID: PMC6199077 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-017-0186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges faced by the biomedical industry is the development of robust synthetic surfaces that can resist bacterial colonization. Much inspiration has been drawn recently from naturally occurring mechano-bactericidal surfaces such as the wings of cicada (Psaltoda claripennis) and dragonfly (Diplacodes bipunctata) species in fabricating their synthetic analogs. However, the bactericidal activity of nanostructured surfaces is observed in a particular range of parameters reflecting the geometry of nanostructures and surface wettability. Here, several of the nanometer-scale characteristics of black silicon (bSi) surfaces including the density and height of the nanopillars that have the potential to influence the bactericidal efficiency of these nanostructured surfaces have been investigated. The results provide important evidence that minor variations in the nanoarchitecture of substrata can substantially alter their performance as bactericidal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Bhadra
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Marco Werner
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vladimir A Baulin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Song Ha Nguyen
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Armandas Balcytis
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Melbourne Center for Nanofabrication, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Melbourne Center for Nanofabrication, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - James Y Wang
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - David E Mainwaring
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | | | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
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36
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Li Z, Persson H, Adolfsson K, Abariute L, Borgström MT, Hessman D, Åström K, Oredsson S, Prinz CN. Cellular traction forces: a useful parameter in cancer research. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:19039-19044. [PMID: 29188243 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06284b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The search for new cancer biomarkers is essential for fundamental research, diagnostics, as well as for patient treatment and monitoring. Whereas most cancer biomarkers are biomolecules, an increasing number of studies show that mechanical cues are promising biomarker candidates. Although cell deformability has been shown to be a possible cancer biomarker, cellular forces as cancer biomarkers have been left largely unexplored. Here, we measure traction forces of cancer and normal-like cells at high spatial resolution using a robust method based on dense vertical arrays of nanowires. A force map is created using automated image analysis based on the localization of the fluorescent tips of the nanowires. We show that the force distribution and magnitude differ between MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF10A normal-like breast epithelial cells, and that monitoring traction forces can be used to investigate the effects of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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37
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Stephan J, Keber F, Stierle V, Rädler JO, Paulitschke P. Single-Cell Optical Distortion Correction and Label-Free 3D Cell Shape Reconstruction on Lattices of Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:8018-8023. [PMID: 29199833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging techniques can be compromised by aberrations. Especially when imaging through biological specimens, sample-induced distortions can limit localization accuracy. In particular, this phenomenon affects localization microscopy, traction force measurements, and single-particle tracking, which offer high-resolution insights into biological tissue. Here we present a method for quantifying and correcting the optical distortions induced by single, adherent, living cells. The technique uses periodically patterned gold nanostructures as a reference framework to quantify optically induced displacements with micrometer-scale sampling density and an accuracy of a few nanometers. The 3D cell shape and a simplified geometrical optics approach are then utilized to remap the microscope image. Our experiments reveal displacements of up to several hundred nanometers, and in corrected images these distortions are reduced by a factor of 3. Conversely, the relationship between cell shape and distortion provides a novel method of 3D cell shape reconstruction from a single image, enabling label-free 3D cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Stephan
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Felix Keber
- Physics Department, Technische Universität München , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Valentin Stierle
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Joachim O Rädler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Philipp Paulitschke
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
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38
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Stiffness signatures along early stages of Xylella fastidiosa biofilm formation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:174-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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39
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Abstract
Nanoneedles are high aspect ratio nanostructures with a unique biointerface. Thanks to their peculiar yet poorly understood interaction with cells, they very effectively sense intracellular conditions, typically with lower toxicity and perturbation than traditionally available probes. Through long-term, reversible interfacing with cells, nanoneedles can monitor biological functions over the course of several days. Their nanoscale dimension and the assembly into large-scale, ordered, dense arrays enable monitoring the functions of large cell populations, to provide functional maps with submicron spatial resolution. Intracellularly, they sense electrical activity of complex excitable networks, as well as concentration, function, and interaction of biomolecules in situ, while extracellularly they can measure the forces exerted by cells with piconewton detection limits, or efficiently sort rare cells based on their membrane receptors. Nanoneedles can investigate the function of many biological systems, ranging from cells, to biological fluids, to tissues and living organisms. This review examines the devices, strategies, and workflows developed to use nanoneedles for sensing in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London , SE1 9RT, London, United Kingdom
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40
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Khoerunnisa, Mazrad ZA, In I, Park SY. pH-switchable bacteria detection using zwitterionic fluorescent polymer. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 90:394-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Niza B, Merfa MV, Alencar VC, Menegidio FB, Nunes LR, Machado MA, Takita MA, de Souza AA. Draft Genome Sequence of 11399, a Transformable Citrus-Pathogenic Strain of Xylella fastidiosa. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:e01124-16. [PMID: 27738038 PMCID: PMC5064111 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01124-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The draft genome of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca strain 11399, a transformable citrus-pathogenic strain, is reported here. The 11399 genome size is 2,690,704 bp and has a G+C content of 52.7%. The draft genome of 11399 reveals the absence of four type I restriction-modification system genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Niza
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Merfa
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valquíria C Alencar
- Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiano B Menegidio
- Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Nunes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos A Machado
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A Takita
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra A de Souza
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
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