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Cao J, Zhao F, Li C, Zhao Q, Gao L, Ma T, Xu H, Ren X, Liu A. Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Urea: An In-depth Investigation from Material Modification to Mechanism Analysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403412. [PMID: 38934550 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Industrial urea synthesis production uses NH3 from the Haber-Bosch method, followed by the reaction of NH3 with CO2, which is an energy-consuming technique. More thorough evaluations of the electrocatalytic C-N coupling reaction are needed for the urea synthesis development process, catalyst design, and the underlying reaction mechanisms. However, challenges of adsorption and activation of reactant and suppression of side reactions still hinder its development, making the systematic review necessary. This review meticulously outlines the progress in electrochemical urea synthesis by utilizing different nitrogen (NO3 -, N2, NO2 -, and N2O) and carbon (CO2 and CO) sources. Additionally, it delves into advanced methods in materials design, such as doping, facet engineering, alloying, and vacancy introduction. Furthermore, the existing classes of urea synthesis catalysts are clearly defined, which include 2D nanomaterials, materials with Mott-Schottky structure, materials with artificially frustrated Lewis pairs, single-atom catalysts (SACs), and heteronuclear dual-atom catalysts (HDACs). A comprehensive analysis of the benefits, drawbacks, and latest developments in modern urea detection techniques is discussed. It is aspired that this review will serve as a valuable reference for subsequent designs of highly efficient electrocatalysts and the development of strategies to enhance the performance of electrochemical urea synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Green and High-value Marine Fine Chemical, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, China
| | - Qidong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Liguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Tingli Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Anmin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
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2
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Bisht P, Belle BD, Aggarwal P, Ghosh A, Xing W, Kaur N, Singh JP, Mehta BR. Gas Sensing Properties of PLD Grown 2D SnS Film: Effect of Film Thickness, Metal Nanoparticle Decoration, and In Situ KPFM Investigation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307037. [PMID: 38178272 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This study employs novel growth methodologies and surface sensitization with metal nanoparticles to enhance and manipulate gas sensing behavior of two-dimensional (2D)SnS film. Growth of SnS films is optimized by varying substrate temperature and laser pulses during pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thereafter, palladium (Pd), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles are decorated on as-grown film using gas-phase synthesis techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) elucidate the growth evolution of SnS and the effect of nanoparticle decoration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses the chemical state and composition. Pristine SnS, Ag, and Au decorated SnS films are sensitive and selective toward NO2 at room temperature (RT). Ag nanoparticle increases the response of pristine SnS from 48 to 138% toward 2 ppm NO2, which indicates electronic and chemical sensitization effect of Ag. Pd decoration on SnS tunes its selectivity toward H2 gas with a response of 55% toward 70 ppm H2 and limit of detection (LOD) < 1 ppm. In situ Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) maps the work function changes, revealing catalytic effect of Ag toward NO2 in Ag-decorated SnS and direct charge transfer between Pd and SnS during H2 exposure in Pd-decorated SnS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Bisht
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Branson D Belle
- SINTEF INDUSTRY, Materials Physics, Forskningsveien 1, Oslo, NO - 0373, Norway
| | - Pallavi Aggarwal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Abhishek Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Wen Xing
- SINTEF INDUSTRY, Materials Physics, Forskningsveien 1, Oslo, NO - 0373, Norway
| | - Narinder Kaur
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - J P Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - B R Mehta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Directorate of Research, Innovation and Development, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India
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3
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Kao BH, Zeng YF, Lee YC, Pao CW, Chen JL, Chuang YC, Sheu HS, Tsai FT, Liaw WF. Unveiled the Structure-Selectivity Relationship for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Triggered by Bi-Doped Cu-Based Nanocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307910. [PMID: 38072788 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
To investigate synergistic effect between geometric and electronic structures on directing CO2RR selectivity, water phase synthetic protocol and surface architecture engineering strategy are developed to construct monodispersed Bi-doped Cu-based nanocatalysts. The strongly correlated catalytic directionality and Bi3+ dopant can be rationalized by the regulation of [*COOH]/[*CO] adsorption capacities through the appropriate doping of Bi3+ electronic modulator, resulting in volcano relationship between FECO/TOFCO and surface EVBM values. Spectroscopic study reveals that the dual-site binding mode ([Cu─μ─C(═O)O─Bi3+]) enabled by Cu1Bi3+ 2 motif in single-phase Cu150Bi1 nanocatalyst drives CO2-to-CO conversion. In contrast, the study of dynamic Bi speciation and phase transformation in dual-phase Cu50Bi1 nanocatalyst unveils that the Bi0-Bi0 contribution emerges at the expense of BOC phase, suggesting metallic Bi0 phase acting as [H]˙ formation center switches CO2RR selectivity toward CO2-to-HCOO- conversion via [*OCHO] and [*OCHOK] intermediates. This work provides significant insight into how geometric architecture cooperates with electronic effect and catalytic motif/phase to guide the selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction through the distinct surface-bound intermediates and presents molecular-level understanding of catalytic mechanism for CO/HCOO- formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Hsien Kao
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Pao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Lung Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hwo-Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Te Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Feng Liaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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Bowman AR, Rodríguez Echarri A, Kiani F, Iyikanat F, Tsoulos TV, Cox JD, Sundararaman R, García de Abajo FJ, Tagliabue G. Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:91. [PMID: 38637531 PMCID: PMC11026419 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals, including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy applications. However, being weak in nature, metal luminescence remains poorly understood, its microscopic origin strongly debated, and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely unexploited. Here, we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold flakes. Specifically, we present experimental evidence, supported by first-principles simulations, to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin (i.e., radiative emission from electron/hole recombination) when exciting in the interband regime. Our model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is reduced. Excitingly, such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness, associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi level. We qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling, thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this material. Our study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Bowman
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Rodríguez Echarri
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- MBI-Max-Born-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Kiani
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fadil Iyikanat
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ted V Tsoulos
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joel D Cox
- POLIMA-Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Guo H, Si DH, Zhu HJ, Chen ZA, Cao R, Huang YB. Boosting CO 2 Electroreduction over a Covalent Organic Framework in the Presence of Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319472. [PMID: 38320964 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we propose an oxygen-containing species coordination strategy to boost CO2 electroreduction in the presence of O2. A two-dimensional (2D) conjugated metal-covalent organic framework (MCOF), denoted as NiPc-Salen(Co)2-COF that is composed of the Ni-phthalocyanine (NiPc) unit with well-defined Ni-N4-O sites and the salen(Co)2 moiety with binuclear Co-N2O2 sites, is developed and synthesized for enhancing the CO2RR under aerobic condition. In the presence of O2, one of the Co sites in the NiPc-Salen(Co)2-COF that coordinated with the intermediate of *OOH from ORR could decrease the energy barrier of the activation of CO2 molecules and stabilize the key intermediate *COOH of the CO2RR over the adjacent Co center. Besides, the oxygen species axially coordinated Ni-N4-O sites can favor in reducing the energy barrier of the intermediate *COOH formation for the CO2RR. Thus, NiPc-Salen(Co)2-COF exhibits high oxygen-tolerant CO2RR performance and achieves outstanding CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) of 97.2 % at -1.0 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a high CO partial current density of 40.3 mA cm-2 at -1.1 V in the presence of 0.5 % O2, which is superior to that in pure CO2 feed gas (FECO=94.8 %, jCO=19.9 mA cm-2). Notably, the NiPc-Salen(Co)2-COF achieves an industrial-level current density of 128.3 mA cm-2 in the flow-cell reactor with 0.5 % O2 at -0.8 V, which is higher than that in pure CO2 atmosphere (jCO=104.8 mA cm-2). It is worth noting that an excellent FECO of 86.8 % is still achieved in the presence of 5 % O2 at -1.0 V. This work provides an effective strategy to enable the CO2RR under O2 atmosphere by utilizing the *OOH intermediates of ORR to boost CO2 electroreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Duan-Hui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Ao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fujian, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
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6
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Wu X, Li X, Lv J, Lv X, Wu A, Qi Z, Wu HB. Pulsed Electrolysis Promotes CO 2 Reduction to Ethanol on Heterostructured Cu 2O/Ag Catalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307637. [PMID: 37946399 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into ethanol with high added value has attracted increasing attention. Here, an efficient catalyst with abundant Cu2O/Ag interfaces for ethanol production under pulsed CO2 electrolysis is reported, which is composed of Cu2O hollow nanospheres loaded with Ag nanoparticles (named as se-Cu2O/Ag). The CO2-to-ethanol Faradaic efficiency is prominently improved to 46.3% at a partial current density up to 417 mA cm-2 under pulsed electrolysis conditions in a neutral flow cell, notably outperforming conventional Cu catalysts during static electrolysis. In situ spectroscopy reveals the stabilized Cu+ species of se-Cu2O/Ag during pulsed electrolysis and the enhanced adsorbed CO intermediate (*CO)coverage on the heterostructured catalyst. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the Cu2O/Ag heterostructure stabilizes the *CO intermediate and promotes the coupling of *CO and adsorbed CH intermediate (*CH). Meanwhile, the stable Cu+ species under pulsed electrolysis favor the hydrogenation of adsorbed HCCOH intermediate (*HCCOH) to adsorbed HCCHOH intermediate (*HCCHOH) on the pathway to ethanol. The synergistic effect between the enhanced generation of *CO on Cu2O/Ag and regenerated Cu+ species under pulsed electrolysis steers the reaction pathway toward ethanol. This work provides some insights into selective ethanol production from CO2 electroreduction via combined catalyst design and non-steady state electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuju Wu
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiabao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiangzhou Lv
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Angjian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhifu Qi
- Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Hao Bin Wu
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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7
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Gong Y, He T. Gaining Deep Understanding of Electrochemical CO 2 RR with In Situ/Operando Techniques. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300702. [PMID: 37608449 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis for CO2 conversion has been extensively studied to mitigate the energy shortage and environmental issues, which are gaining ever-increasing attention. However, the complicated CO2 reduction process and the dynamic evolution occurring on electrocatalyst surface make it hard to understand the catalytic mechanism. The development of advanced in situ/operando techniques intelligently coupled with electrochemical cells sheds light on the related study via capturing surface atomic rearrangement, tracing chemical state change of catalysts, monitoring the behavior of intermediates and products, and depicting microenvironment near the electrode surface. In this review, fundamentals of the state-of-the-art in situ/operando techniques are clarified first. Case studies on the in situ/operando techniques performed to probe the CO2 reduction reaction processes are then discussed in detail. Finally, conclusions and outlook on this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gong
- CAS Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao He
- CAS Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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8
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Zou H, Zhao G, Dai H, Dong H, Luo W, Wang L, Lu Z, Luo Y, Zhang G, Duan L. Electronic Perturbation of Copper Single-Atom CO 2 Reduction Catalysts in a Molecular Way. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217220. [PMID: 36478508 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fine-tuning electronic structures of single-atom catalysts (SACs) plays a crucial role in harnessing their catalytic activities, yet challenges remain at a molecular scale in a controlled fashion. By tailoring the structure of graphdiyne (GDY) with electron-withdrawing/-donating groups, we show herein the electronic perturbation of Cu single-atom CO2 reduction catalysts in a molecular way. The elaborately introduced functional groups (-F, -H and -OMe) can regulate the valance state of Cuδ+ , which is found to be directly scaled with the selectivity of the electrochemical CO2 -to-CH4 conversion. An optimum CH4 Faradaic efficiency of 72.3 % was achieved over the Cu SAC on the F-substituted GDY. In situ spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations revealed that the positive Cuδ+ centers adjusted by the electron-withdrawing group decrease the pKa of adsorbed H2 O, promoting the hydrogenation of intermediates toward the CH4 production. Our strategy paves the way for precise electronic perturbation of SACs toward efficient electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lele Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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9
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Landaeta E, Kadosh NI, Schultz ZD. Mechanistic Study of Plasmon-Assisted In Situ Photoelectrochemical CO 2 Reduction to Acetate with a Ag/Cu 2O Nanodendrite Electrode. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Landaeta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Nir I. Kadosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
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10
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Li G, Liu H, Yang H, Chen X, Ji K, Yang D, Zhang S, Ma X. Tuning product distributions of CO2 electroreduction over copper foil through cathodic corrosion. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Fundamental aspects in CO2 electroreduction reaction and solutions from in situ vibrational spectroscopies. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Mechanistic insights into CO 2 conversion chemistry of copper bis-(terpyridine) molecular electrocatalyst using accessible operando spectrochemistry. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6029. [PMID: 36229439 PMCID: PMC9561705 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of low-cost transition-metal complexes in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is hampered by poor mechanistic understanding. Herein, a carbon-supported copper bis-(terpyridine) complex enabling facile kilogram-scale production of the catalyst is developed. We directly observe an intriguing baton-relay-like mechanism of active sites transfer by employing a widely accessible operando Raman/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis coupled with density functional theory computations. Our analyses reveal that the first protonation step involves Cu-N bond breakage before the *COOH intermediate forms exclusively at the central N site, followed by an N-to-Cu active site transfer. This unique active site transfer features energetically favorable *CO formation on Cu sites, low-barrier CO desorption and reversible catalyst regeneration, endowing the catalyst with a CO selectively of 99.5 %, 80 h stability, and a turn-over efficiency of 9.4 s−1 at −0.6 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode in an H-type cell configuration. We expect that the approach and findings presented here may accelerate future mechanistic studies of next-generation CO2RR electrocatalysts. Transition metal complexes are potential low-cost electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Here, using accessible spectrochemistry, the authors observe an intriguing baton relay-like mechanism of active site transfer during CO2 reduction to CO on a carbon-supported copper bis-(terpyridine) complex.
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13
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Development of Power-to-X Catalytic Processes for CO2 Valorisation: From the Molecular Level to the Reactor Architecture. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, global climate change is likely the most compelling problem mankind is facing. In this scenario, decarbonisation of the chemical industry is one of the global challenges that the scientific community needs to address in the immediate future. Catalysis and catalytic processes are called to play a decisive role in the transition to a more sustainable and low-carbon future. This critical review analyses the unique advantages of structured reactors (isothermicity, a wide range of residence times availability, complex geometries) with the multifunctional design of efficient catalysts to synthesise chemicals using CO2 and renewable H2 in a Power-to-X (PTX) strategy. Fine-chemistry synthetic methods and advanced in situ/operando techniques are essential to elucidate the changes of the catalysts during the studied reaction, thus gathering fundamental information about the active species and reaction mechanisms. Such information becomes crucial to refine the catalyst’s formulation and boost the reaction’s performance. On the other hand, reactors architecture allows flow pattern and temperature control, the management of strong thermal effects and the incorporation of specifically designed materials as catalytically active phases are expected to significantly contribute to the advance in the valorisation of CO2 in the form of high added-value products. From a general perspective, this paper aims to update the state of the art in Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) and PTX concepts with emphasis on processes involving the transformation of CO2 into targeted fuels and platform chemicals, combining innovation from the point of view of both structured reactor design and multifunctional catalysts development.
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14
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Shan W, Liu R, Zhao H, Liu J. Bicarbonate Rebalances the *COOH/*OCO - Dual Pathways in CO 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction: In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Evidence. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:7296-7305. [PMID: 35916783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the reactive site/CO2/electrolyte interfacial behaviors is very crucial for the design of an advantageous CO2 electrocatalytic reduction (CO2ER) system. One important but unrevealed question is how the CO2ER process is influenced by the high concentration of HCO3-, which is deliberately added as electrolyte or from the inevitable reaction between dissolved CO2 and OH-. Here, we provide unambiguous in situ spectroscopic evidence that on Ag-based catalysts, HCO3- is apt to facilitate *OCO- generation and therefore rebalances CO2ER pathways. By employing an alternative acid electrolyte to restrict the exchange between CO2 and HCO3- and eliminating the effect of solution pH, we reveal that HCO3- can decrease the onset potential of *OCO- and promote further formate production. Theoretical calculations indicate HCO3- can stabilize the adsorption of *OCO- instead of *COOH. The renewed understanding of the role of HCO3- could facilitate the judicious selection of electrolytes to regulate the CO2ER pathway and product distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huachao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Shao F, Wong JK, Low QH, Iannuzzi M, Li J, Lan J. In situ spectroelectrochemical probing of CO redox landscape on copper single-crystal surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118166119. [PMID: 35858341 PMCID: PMC9304001 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118166119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of CO(2) to value-added chemicals and fuels is a promising strategy to sustain pressing renewable energy demands and to address climate change issues. Direct observation of reaction intermediates during the CO(2) reduction reaction will contribute to mechanistic understandings and thus promote the design of catalysts with the desired activity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, we combined in situ electrochemical shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations to investigate the CORR process on Cu single-crystal surfaces in various electrolytes. Competing redox pathways and coexistent intermediates of CO adsorption (*COatop and *CObridge), dimerization (protonated dimer *HOCCOH and its dehydrated *CCO), oxidation (*CO2- and *CO32-), and hydrogenation (*CHO), as well as Cu-Oad/Cu-OHad species at Cu-electrolyte interfaces, were simultaneously identified using in situ spectroscopy and further confirmed with isotope-labeling experiments. With AIMD simulations, we report accurate vibrational frequency assignments of these intermediates based on the calculated vibrational density of states and reveal the corresponding species in the electrochemical CO redox landscape on Cu surfaces. Our findings provide direct insights into key intermediates during the CO(2)RR and offer a full-spectroscopic tool (40-4,000 cm-1) for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jun Kit Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Qi Hang Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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16
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In Operando Identification of In Situ Formed Metalloid Zinc
δ+
Active Sites for Highly Efficient Electrocatalyzed Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202298. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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17
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Louisia S, Kim D, Li Y, Gao M, Yu S, Roh I, Yang P. The presence and role of the intermediary CO reservoir in heterogeneous electroreduction of CO 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201922119. [PMID: 35486696 PMCID: PMC9171356 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201922119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SignificanceThe electroconversion of CO2 to value-added products is a promising path to sustainable fuels and chemicals. However, the microenvironment that is created during CO2 electroreduction near the surface of heterogeneous Cu electrocatalysts remains unknown. Its understanding can lead to the development of ways to improve activity and selectivity toward multicarbon products. This work introduces a method called on-stream substitution of reactant isotope that provides quantitative information of the CO intermediate species present on Cu surfaces during electrolysis. An intermediary CO reservoir that contains more CO molecules than typically expected in a surface adsorbed configuration was identified. Its size was shown to be a factor closely associated with the formation of multicarbon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Louisia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Dohyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Sunmoon Yu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Inwhan Roh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720
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18
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Construction of C–N bonds from small-molecule precursors through heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:303-319. [PMID: 37117934 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Energy-intensive thermochemical processes within chemical manufacturing are a major contributor to global CO2 emissions. With the increasing push for sustainability, the scientific community is striving to develop renewable energy-powered electrochemical technologies in lieu of CO2-emitting fossil-fuel-driven methods. However, to fully electrify chemical manufacturing, it is imperative to expand the scope of electrosynthetic technologies, particularly through the innovation of reactions involving nitrogen-based reactants. This Review focuses on a rapidly emerging area, namely the formation of C-N bonds through heterogeneous electrocatalysis. The C-N bond motif is found in many fertilizers (such as urea) as well as commodity and fine chemicals (with functional groups such as amines and amides). The ability to generate C-N bonds from reactants such as CO2, NO3- or N2 would provide sustainable alternatives to the thermochemical routes used at present. We start by examining thermochemical, enzymatic and molecular catalytic systems for C-N bond formation, identifying how concepts from these can be translated to heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Next, we discuss successful heterogeneous electrocatalytic systems and highlight promising research directions. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and knowledge gaps and thus set the trajectory for future advances in heterogeneous electrocatalytic formation of C-N bonds.
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19
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Jiang S, D'Amario L, Dau H. Copper Carbonate Hydroxide as Precursor of Interfacial CO in CO 2 Electroreduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102506. [PMID: 35289108 PMCID: PMC9314821 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper electrodes are especially effective in catalysis of C2 and further multi-carbon products in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) and therefore of major technological interest. The reasons for the unparalleled Cu performance in CO2 RR are insufficiently understood. Here, the electrode-electrolyte interface was highlighted as a dynamic physical-chemical system and determinant of catalytic events. Exploiting the intrinsic surface-enhanced Raman effect of previously characterized Cu foam electrodes, operando Raman experiments were used to interrogate structures and molecular interactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface at subcatalytic and catalytic potentials. Formation of a copper carbonate hydroxide (CuCarHyd) was detected, which resembles the mineral malachite. Its carbonate ions could be directly converted to CO at low overpotential. These and further experiments suggested a basic mode of CO2 /carbonate reduction at Cu electrodes interfaces that contrasted previous mechanistic models: the starting point in carbon reduction was not CO2 but carbonate ions bound to the metallic Cu electrode in form of CuCarHyd structures. It was hypothesized that Cu oxides residues could enhance CO2 RR indirectly by supporting formation of CuCarHyd motifs. The presence of CuCarHyd patches at catalytic potentials might result from alkalization in conjunction with local electrical potential gradients, enabling the formation of metastable CuCarHyd motifs over a large range of potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of PhysicsFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
| | - Luca D'Amario
- Department of PhysicsFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
- Department of ChemistryÅngström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 52375120UppsalaSweden
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of PhysicsFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
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20
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Zhang XY, Li WJ, Chen J, Wu XF, Liu YW, Mao F, Yuan HY, Zhu M, Dai S, Wang HF, Hu P, Sun C, Liu PF, Yang H. Operando Metalloid Znδ+ Active Sites for Highly Efficient Carbon Dioxide Reduction Electrocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu Zhang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Wen Jing Li
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xue Feng Wu
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuan Wei Liu
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Fangxin Mao
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Hai Yang Yuan
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Minghui Zhu
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Sheng Dai
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Hai Feng Wang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - P. Hu
- Queen's University Belfast School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Swinburne University of Technology Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology AUSTRALIA
| | - Peng Fei Liu
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering 130 Meilong Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200237 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Huagui Yang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Road Meilong 130 200237 Shanghai CHINA
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21
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Li J, Kornienko N. Electrochemically driven C-N bond formation from CO 2 and ammonia at the triple-phase boundary. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3957-3964. [PMID: 35440988 PMCID: PMC8985509 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06590d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrosynthetic techniques are gaining prominence across the fields of chemistry, engineering and energy science. However, most works within the direction of synthetic heterogeneous electrocatalysis focus on water electrolysis and CO2 reduction. In this work, we moved to expand the scope of small molecule electrosynthesis by developing a synthetic scheme which couples CO2 and NH3 at a gas–liquid–solid boundary to produce species with C–N bonds. Specifically, by bringing in CO2 from the gas phase and NH3 from the liquid phase together over solid copper catalysts, we have succeeded in forming formamide and acetamide products for the first time from these reactants. In a subsequent complementary step, we have combined electrochemical analysis and a newly developed operando spectroelectrochemical method, capable of probing the aforementioned gas–liquid–solid boundary, to extract an initial level of mechanistic analysis regarding the reaction pathways of these reactions and the current system's limitations. We believe that the development and understanding of this set of reaction pathways will play significant role in expanding the community's understanding of on-surface electrosynthetic reactions as well as push this set of inherently sustainable technologies towards widespread applicability. Electrocatalytic formation of C–N bonds was achieved through the electrolysis of CO2 and NH3 over Cu catalysts. A combined analytical and spectroscopic approach gave insights into the reaction mechanism leading to formamide and acetamide products.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux Montréal QC H2V 0B3 Canada
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux Montréal QC H2V 0B3 Canada
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22
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Biliškov N. Infrared spectroscopic monitoring of solid-state processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19073-19120. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We put a spotlight on IR spectroscopic investigations in materials science by providing a critical insight into the state of the art, covering both fundamental aspects, examples of its utilisation, and current challenges and perspectives focusing on the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Biliškov
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
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23
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Asefa T, Tang C, Ramírez-Hernández M. Nanostructured Carbon Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007136. [PMID: 33856111 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The growing energy demand worldwide has led to increased use of fossil fuels. This, in turn, is making fossil fuels dwindle faster and cause more negative environmental impacts. Thus, alternative, environmentally friendly energy sources such as fuel cells and electrolyzers are being developed. While significant progress has already been made in this area, such energy systems are still hard to scale up because of their noble metal catalysts. In this concept paper, first, various scalable nanocarbon-based electrocatalysts that are being synthesized for energy conversions in these energy systems are introduced. Next, notable heteroatom-doping and nanostructuring strategies that are applied to produce different nanostructured carbon materials with high electrocatalytic activities for energy conversions are discussed. The concepts used to develop such materials with different structures and large density of dopant-based catalytic functional groups in a sustainable way, and the challenges therein, are emphasized in the discussions. The discussions also include the importance of various analytical, theoretical, and computational methods to probe the relationships between the compositions, structures, dopants, and active catalytic sites in such materials. These studies, coupled with experimental studies, can further guide innovative synthetic routes to efficient nanostructured carbon electrocatalysts for practical, large-scale energy conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tewodros Asefa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Chaoyun Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Maricely Ramírez-Hernández
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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24
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Meng DL, Zhang MD, Si DH, Mao MJ, Hou Y, Huang YB, Cao R. Highly Selective Tandem Electroreduction of CO 2 to Ethylene over Atomically Isolated Nickel-Nitrogen Site/Copper Nanoparticle Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25485-25492. [PMID: 34533874 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an effective tandem catalysis strategy is developed to improve the selectivity of the CO2 RR towards C2 H4 by multiple distinct catalytic sites in local vicinity. An earth-abundant elements-based tandem electrocatalyst PTF(Ni)/Cu is constructed by uniformly dispersing Cu nanoparticles (NPs) on the porphyrinic triazine framework anchored with atomically isolated nickel-nitrogen sites (PTF(Ni)) for the enhanced CO2 RR to produce C2 H4 . The Faradaic efficiency of C2 H4 reaches 57.3 % at -1.1 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which is about 6 times higher than the non-tandem catalyst PTF/Cu, which produces CH4 as the major carbon product. The operando infrared spectroscopy and theoretic density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the local high concentration of CO generated by PTF(Ni) sites can facilitate the C-C coupling to form C2 H4 on the nearby Cu NP sites. The work offers an effective avenue to design electrocatalysts for the highly selective CO2 RR to produce multicarbon products via a tandem route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng-Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Duan-Hui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Min-Jie Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for, Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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25
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Meng D, Zhang M, Si D, Mao M, Hou Y, Huang Y, Cao R. Highly Selective Tandem Electroreduction of CO
2
to Ethylene over Atomically Isolated Nickel–Nitrogen Site/Copper Nanoparticle Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Li Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Minjiang University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Meng‐Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Duan‐Hui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Min‐Jie Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yuan‐Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for, Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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26
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Zhu ZH, Zhao BH, Hou SL, Jiang XL, Liang ZL, Zhang B, Zhao B. A Facile Strategy for Constructing a Carbon-Particle-Modified Metal-Organic Framework for Enhancing the Efficiency of CO 2 Electroreduction into Formate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23394-23402. [PMID: 34406687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been widely investigated, but insufficient conductivity limits application. Herein, a porous 3D In-MOF {(Me2 NH2 )[In(BCP)]⋅2 DMF}n (V11) with good stability was constructed with two types of channels (1.6 and 1.2 nm diameter). V11 exhibits moderate catalytic activity in CO2 electroreduction with 76.0 % of Faradaic efficiency for formate (FEHCOO- ). Methylene blue molecules of suitable size and pyrolysis temperature were introduced and transformed into carbon particles (CPs) after calcination. The performance of the obtained CPs@V11 is significantly improved both in FEHCOO- (from 76.0 % to 90.1 %) and current density (2.2 times). Control experiments show that introduced CPs serve as accelerant to promote the charges and mass transfer in framework, and benefit to sufficiently expose active sites. This strategy can also work on other In-MOFs, demonstrating the universality of this method for electroreduction of CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bo-Hang Zhao
- School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Sheng-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ze-Long Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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27
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Zhu Z, Zhao B, Hou S, Jiang X, Liang Z, Zhang B, Zhao B. A Facile Strategy for Constructing a Carbon‐Particle‐Modified Metal–Organic Framework for Enhancing the Efficiency of CO
2
Electroreduction into Formate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Hao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bo‐Hang Zhao
- School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Sheng‐Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiao‐Lei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ze‐Long Liang
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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28
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Cao X, Tan D, Wulan B, Hui KS, Hui KN, Zhang J. In Situ Characterization for Boosting Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100700. [PMID: 34927933 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into organic fuels and feedstocks is a fascinating method to implement the sustainable carbon cycle. Thus, a rational design of advanced electrocatalysts and a deep understanding of reaction mechanisms are crucial for the complex reactions of carbon dioxide reduction with multiple electron transfer. In situ and operando techniques with real-time monitoring are important to obtain deep insight into the electrocatalytic reaction to reveal the dynamic evolution of electrocatalysts' structure and composition under experimental conditions. In this paper, the reaction pathways for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) in the generation of various products (e.g., C1 and C2 ) via the proposed mechanisms are introduced. Moreover, recent advances in the development and applications of in situ and operando characterization techniques, from the basic working principles and in situ cell structure to detailed applications are discussed. Suggestions and future directions of in situ/operando analysis are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Cao
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Dongxing Tan
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Bari Wulan
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - K S Hui
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - K N Hui
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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29
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Shen M, Zhang L, Shi J. Defect Engineering of Photocatalysts towards Elevated CO 2 Reduction Performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2635-2654. [PMID: 33872463 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction provides a promising solution to address the crises of massive CO2 emissions and fossil energy shortages. As one of the most effective strategies to promote CO2 photoconversion, defect engineering shows great potential in modulating the electronic structure and light absorption properties of photocatalysts while increasing surface active sites for CO2 activation and conversion. This Review summarizes the recent progress in defect engineering of photocatalysts to promote CO2 reduction performances from the following four aspects: 1) Approaches to defect (mainly vacancy and dopant) generation in photocatalysts; 2) defect structure characterization techniques; 3) physical and chemical properties of defect-engineered photocatalysts; 4) CO2 reduction performance enhancements in activity, selectivity, and stability of photocatalysts by defect engineering. This Review is expected to present readers with a comprehensive view of progress in the field of photocatalytic CO2 reduction through defect engineering for elevated CO2 -to-fuels conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shen
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, 19 A, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lingxia Zhang
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, 19 A, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, 19 A, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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30
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An H, Wu L, Mandemaker LDB, Yang S, de Ruiter J, Wijten JHJ, Janssens JCL, Hartman T, van der Stam W, Weckhuysen BM. Sub-Second Time-Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Dynamic CO Intermediates during Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction on Copper. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16576-16584. [PMID: 33852177 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction reaction (CO2 RR) into hydrocarbons is a promising approach for greenhouse gas mitigation, but many details of this dynamic reaction remain elusive. Here, time-resolved surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TR-SERS) is employed to successfully monitor the dynamics of CO2 RR intermediates and Cu surfaces with sub-second time resolution. Anodic treatment at 1.55 V vs. RHE and subsequent surface oxide reduction (below -0.4 V vs. RHE) induced roughening of the Cu electrode surface, which resulted in hotspots for TR-SERS, enhanced time resolution (down to ≈0.7 s) and fourfold improved CO2 RR efficiency toward ethylene. With TR-SERS, the initial restructuring of the Cu surface was followed (<7 s), after which a stable surface surrounded by increased local alkalinity was formed. Our measurements revealed that a highly dynamic CO intermediate, with a characteristic vibration below 2060 cm-1 , is related to C-C coupling and ethylene production (-0.9 V vs. RHE), whereas lower cathodic bias (-0.7 V vs. RHE) resulted in gaseous CO production from isolated and static CO surface species with a distinct vibration at 2092 cm-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu An
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Longfei Wu
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens D B Mandemaker
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shuang Yang
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jim de Ruiter
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochem H J Wijten
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris C L Janssens
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hartman
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ward van der Stam
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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31
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An H, Wu L, Mandemaker LDB, Yang S, Ruiter J, Wijten JHJ, Janssens JCL, Hartman T, Stam W, Weckhuysen BM. Sub‐Second Time‐Resolved Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Dynamic CO Intermediates during Electrochemical CO
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Reduction on Copper. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu An
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Longfei Wu
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Laurens D. B. Mandemaker
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Shuang Yang
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jim Ruiter
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jochem H. J. Wijten
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Joris C. L. Janssens
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hartman
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ward Stam
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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32
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In situ/operando vibrational spectroscopy for the investigation of advanced nanostructured electrocatalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sarkar S, Maitra A, Lake WR, Warburton RE, Hammes-Schiffer S, Dawlaty JM. Mechanistic Insights about Electrochemical Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Derived from a Vibrational Probe. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8381-8390. [PMID: 34042429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is a fundamental step in a wide range of electrochemical processes, including those of interest in energy conversion and storage. Despite its importance, several mechanistic details of such reactions remain unclear. Here, we have combined a proton donor (tertiary ammonium) with a vibrational Stark-shift probe (benzonitrile), to track the process from the entry of the reactants into the electrical double layer (EDL), to the PCET reaction associated with proton donation to the electrode, and the formation of products. We have used operando vibrational spectroscopy and periodic density functional theory under electrochemical bias to assign the reactant and product peaks and their Stark shifts. We have identified three main stages for the progress of the PCET reaction as a function of applied potential. First, we have determined the potential necessary for desolvation of the reactants and their entry into the polarizing environment of the EDL. Second, we have observed the appearance of product peaks prior to the onset of steady state electrochemical current, indicating formation of a stationary population of products that does not turn over. Finally, more negative of the onset potential, the electrode attracts additional reactants, displacing the stationary products and enabling steady state current. This work shows that the integration of a vibrational Stark-shift probe with a proton donor provides critical insight into the interplay between interfacial electrostatics and heterogeneous chemical reactions. Such insights cannot be obtained from electrochemical measurements alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Anwesha Maitra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - William R Lake
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert E Warburton
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Sharon Hammes-Schiffer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jahan M Dawlaty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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Wang S, Zhou P, Zhou L, Lv F, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Gu L, Yang H, Guo S. A Unique Gas-Migration, Trapping, and Emitting Strategy for High-Loading Single Atomic Cd Sites for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4262-4269. [PMID: 33962514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit great potential in heterogeneous catalysis. However, the achievement of obtaining high-loading SACs remains a bottleneck. Herein, we first demonstrate a unique gas-migration, trapping, and emitting strategy for building a kind of Cd-based SAC for CO2 reduction (CO2RR). The gas-migration and trapping processes (≤750 °C) endows the material with an ultrahigh Cd loading amount of 30.3 wt %, while the emitting process can facilely modulate the loading amount from 30.3 to 1.4 wt %. For the CO2RR, the Cd-NC SACs with a loading amount of 18.4 wt % exhibits the maximum Faraday efficiency of 91.4% for CO at -0.728 V. The operando infrared spectroscopy studies prove the presence of main intermediates *COO-, *COOH, and *CO on Cd-NC-5M SACs during the catalytic process, indicating that the CO2RR follows the proton-decoupled electron-transfer mechanism. Density functional theory simulations reveal that the Cd-N4 structure reduces the Gibbs free energy of the rate-determining step (the hydrogenation step of *COOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fan Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingjun Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- The Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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35
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Li J, Kornienko N. Probing electrosynthetic reactions with furfural on copper surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5127-5130. [PMID: 33899065 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01429c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This work entails the integrated use of electrochemistry and operando Raman spectroscopy to probe the reduction of a biomass platform, furfural, to value-added chemicals on Cu electrodes. The results reveal key structural differences of the Cu that dictate selectivity for furfuryl alcohol or 2-methylfuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada.
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada.
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36
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Wen BY, Chen QQ, Radjenovic PM, Dong JC, Tian ZQ, Li JF. In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Electrocatalysis with Different Nanostructures. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2021; 72:331-351. [PMID: 33472380 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-090519-034645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As energy demands increase, electrocatalysis serves as a vital tool in energy conversion. Elucidating electrocatalytic mechanisms using in situ spectroscopic characterization techniques can provide experimental guidance for preparing high-efficiency electrocatalysts. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can provide rich spectral information for ultratrace surface species and is extremely well suited to studying their activity. To improve the material and morphological universalities, researchers have employed different kinds of nanostructures that have played important roles in the development of SERS technologies. Different strategies, such as so-called borrowing enhancement from shell-isolated modes and shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS)-satellite structures, have been proposed to obtain highly effective Raman enhancement, and these methods make it possible to apply SERS to various electrocatalytic systems. Here, we discuss the development of SERS technology, focusing on its applications in different electrocatalytic reactions (such as oxygen reduction reactions) and at different nanostructure surfaces, and give a brief outlook on its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
| | - Qing-Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
| | - Petar M Radjenovic
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
| | - Jin-Chao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; ,
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Xiang SQ, Shi JL, Gao ST, Zhang W, Zhao LB. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Competition between C–H and O–H Bond Formation Pathways during Electrochemical Reduction of CO on Copper Electrodes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qin Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun-Lin Shi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shu-Ting Gao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Liu-Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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38
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Kornienko N. Operando spectroscopy of nanoscopic metal/covalent organic framework electrocatalysts. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1507-1514. [PMID: 33210692 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07508f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal and covalent organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs) are increasingly finding exceptional utility in electrocatalytic systems. Their chemically defined porous nature grants them key functions that may enhance their electrocatalytic performance relative to conventional molecular or heterogeneous materials. In order to obtain insights into their function, mechanism, and dynamics under electrocatalytic conditions, operando spectroscopy, that which is performed as the catalyst is functioning, has been increasingly applied. This mini review highlights several key works emerging in recent years that have used various operando spectroscopic techniques, namely UV-vis absorption, Raman, Infrared, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, to investigate electrocatalytic MOFs and COFs. A brief introduction to each technique and how it was applied to investigate MOF/COF-based electrolytic systems is detailed. The unique set of data obtained, interpretations made, and progress attained all point to the power of operando spectroscopy in truly opening the functionality of MOFs and COFs across many aspects of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2 V 0B3, Canada.
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Ly KH, Weidinger IM. Understanding active sites in molecular (photo)electrocatalysis through complementary vibrational spectroelectrochemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2328-2342. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07376h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highlighting vibrational spectroelectrochemistry for the investigation of synthetic molecular (photo) electrocatalysts for key energy conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa H. Ly
- Lehrstuhl für Elektrochemie
- Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- Andreas-Schubert-Bau
- Zellescher Weg 19
| | - Inez M. Weidinger
- Lehrstuhl für Elektrochemie
- Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- Andreas-Schubert-Bau
- Zellescher Weg 19
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40
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Shan W, Liu R, Zhao H, He Z, Lai Y, Li S, He G, Liu J. In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Evidence on the Origin of Selectivity in CO 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11363-11372. [PMID: 32790343 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 (CO2ER) to liquid fuels is important for solving fossil fuel depletion. However, insufficient insight into the reaction mechanisms renders a lack of effective regulation of liquid product selectivity. Here, in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) empowered by 13C/12C isotope exchange is applied to probing the CO2ER process on nanoporous silver (np-Ag). Direct spectroscopic evidence of the preliminary intermediates, *COOH and *OCO-, indicates that CO2 is coordinated to the catalyst via diverse adsorption modes. Further, the relative Raman intensities of the above intermediates vary notably on np-Ag modified by Cu or Pd, and the liquid product selectivity also changes accordingly. Combined with density functional theory calculations, this study demonstrates that the CO2 adsorption configuration is a critical factor governing the reaction selectivity. Meanwhile, *COOH and *OCO- are key targets in the initial stage regulating liquid product selectivity, which could facilitate future selective catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huachao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zuoliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujian Lai
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Shasha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangzhi He
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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41
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Heidary N, Kornienko N. Operando vibrational spectroscopy for electrochemical biomass valorization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8726-8734. [PMID: 32432252 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03084h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is a promising route to generate fuels and value-added chemicals from abundant feedstocks powered by renewable electricity. The field of electrocatalysis research has made great progress in supplementing electrocatalyst development with operando vibrational spectroscopic techniques, those carried out simultaneously as the reaction is occurring. Such experiments unveil reaction mechanisms, structure-activity relationships and consequently, accelerate the development of next generation electrocatalytic systems. While operando techniques have now been extensively applied to water electrolysis and CO2 reduction, their application to the emerging area of biomass valorization is rather nascent. The electrocatalytic conversion of biomass can provide an alternate, environmentally friendly route to the chemicals which power our society, but this field still requires much growth before the envisioned technologies are economically competetive with thermochemical routes. Within this context, a growing body of work has begun to translate the methodology and concepts from water/CO2 electrolysis to biomass valorization to elucidate links between catalyst structure, adsorbed surface intermediates, and the resultant catalytic performance. The reactions of interest here include the upgrading of biomass platforms such a 5-hydroxymethylfurfural or glycerol to value-added chemicals. In this feature article we highlight these efforts and provide a critical view on the steps necessary to take to further progress the field. We further show how the knowledge derived from these studies can be translated to a plethora of other organic transformations to forge new avenues in renewable energy electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Heidary
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Li M, Wang H, Luo W, Sherrell PC, Chen J, Yang J. Heterogeneous Single-Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001848. [PMID: 32644259 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is of great importance to tackle the rising CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The CO2 RR can be driven by renewable energy sources, producing precious chemicals and fuels, with the implementation of this process largely relying on the development of low-cost and efficient electrocatalysts. Recently, a range of heterogeneous and potentially low-cost single-atom catalysts (SACs) containing non-precious metals coordinated to earth-abundant elements have emerged as promising candidates for the CO2 RR. Unfortunately, the real catalytically active centers and the key factors that govern the catalytic performance of these SACs remain ambiguous. Here, this ambiguity is addressed by developing a fundamental understanding of the CO2 RR-to-CO process on SACs, as CO accounts for the major product from CO2 RR on SACs. The reaction mechanism, the rate-determining steps, and the key factors that control the activity and selectivity are analyzed from both experimental and theoretical studies. Then, the synthesis, characterization, and the CO2 RR performance of SACs are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future pathways are highlighted in the hope of guiding the design of the SACs to promote and understand the CO2 RR on SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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Abstract
Single-molecule-level measurements are bringing about a revolution in our understanding of chemical and biochemical processes. Conventional measurements are performed on large ensembles of molecules. Such ensemble-averaged measurements mask molecular-level dynamics and static and dynamic fluctuations in reactivity, which are vital to a holistic understanding of chemical reactions. Watching reactions on the single-molecule level provides access to this otherwise hidden information. Sub-diffraction-limited spatial resolution fluorescence imaging methods, which have been successful in the field of biophysics, have been applied to study chemical processes on single-nanoparticle and single-molecule levels, bringing us new mechanistic insights into physiochemical processes. However, the scope of chemical processes that can be studied using fluorescence imaging is considerably limited; the chemical reaction has to be designed such that it involves fluorophores or fluorogenic probes. In this article, we review optical imaging modalities alternative to fluorescence imaging, which expand greatly the range of chemical processes that can be probed with nanoscale or even single-molecule resolution. First, we show that the luminosity, wavelength, and intermittency of solid-state photoluminescence (PL) can be used to probe chemical transformations on the single-nanoparticle-level. Next, we highlight case studies where localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) scattering is used for tracking solid-state, interfacial, and near-field-driven chemical reactions occurring in individual nanoscale locations. Third, we explore the utility of surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering to monitor individual bond-dissociation and bond-formation events occurring locally in chemical reactions on surfaces. Each example has yielded some new understanding about molecular mechanisms or location-to-location heterogeneity in chemical activity. The review finishes with new and complementary tools that are expected to further enhance the scope of knowledge attainable through nanometer-scale resolution chemical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Dinumol Devasia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Prashant K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Materials Research Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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44
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Heidary N, Morency M, Chartrand D, Ly KH, Iftimie R, Kornienko N. Electrochemically Triggered Dynamics within a Hybrid Metal–Organic Electrocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12382-12393. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Heidary
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Morency
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Daniel Chartrand
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Khoa H. Ly
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Radu Iftimie
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Roger-Gaudry Building, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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45
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Zhong H, Ghorbani-Asl M, Ly KH, Zhang J, Ge J, Wang M, Liao Z, Makarov D, Zschech E, Brunner E, Weidinger IM, Zhang J, Krasheninnikov AV, Kaskel S, Dong R, Feng X. Synergistic electroreduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide on bimetallic layered conjugated metal-organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1409. [PMID: 32179738 PMCID: PMC7075876 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly effective electrocatalysts promoting CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is extremely desirable to produce value-added chemicals/fuels while addressing current environmental challenges. Herein, we develop a layer-stacked, bimetallic two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic framework (2D c-MOF) with copper-phthalocyanine as ligand (CuN4) and zinc-bis(dihydroxy) complex (ZnO4) as linkage (PcCu-O8-Zn). The PcCu-O8-Zn exhibits high CO selectivity of 88%, turnover frequency of 0.39 s-1 and long-term durability (>10 h), surpassing thus by far reported MOF-based electrocatalysts. The molar H2/CO ratio (1:7 to 4:1) can be tuned by varying metal centers and applied potential, making 2D c-MOFs highly relevant for syngas industry applications. The contrast experiments combined with operando spectroelectrochemistry and theoretical calculation unveil a synergistic catalytic mechanism; ZnO4 complexes act as CO2RR catalytic sites while CuN4 centers promote the protonation of adsorbed CO2 during CO2RR. This work offers a strategy on developing bimetallic MOF electrocatalysts for synergistically catalyzing CO2RR toward syngas synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani-Asl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Khoa Hoang Ly
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jichao Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201204, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Ge
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhongquan Liao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (IKTS), Maria-Reiche-Strasse 2, 01109, Dresden, Germany
| | - Denys Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ehrenfried Zschech
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (IKTS), Maria-Reiche-Strasse 2, 01109, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Inez M Weidinger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied and Natural Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Arkady V Krasheninnikov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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46
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Liu Y, Guo L. On factors limiting the performance of photoelectrochemical CO 2 reduction. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:100901. [PMID: 32171218 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (PEC-CO2RR) is a promising artificial photosynthetic system for storing solar energy as the energy of chemical bonds and stabilizing the atmospheric CO2 level. An applicable PEC-CO2RR is expected to have broad light absorption, high selectivity to a single product, and high solar to fuel efficiency. However, the PEC-CO2RR still faces challenges from complex reaction pathways, obstructed mass transfer, and large photovoltage requirements. The goal of this perspective is to point out some of the limitations of PEC-CO2RR to a practical application. In brief, we discuss the basic concepts of PEC-CO2RR and summarize state-of-the-art progress. Moreover, we highlight the remaining challenges to both science and engineering and propose the key steps in developing a fully functional PEC-CO2RR system. Finally, an ideal PEC-CO2RR system is proposed for future studies, which is essentially wireless and combines the advantages of minimized polarization loss and broad light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Liejin Guo
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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47
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Heidary N, Kornienko N. Electrochemical biomass valorization on gold-metal oxide nanoscale heterojunctions enables investigation of both catalyst and reaction dynamics with operando surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1798-1806. [PMID: 32180924 PMCID: PMC7053505 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of biomass platforms such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to value-added chemicals is an emerging clean energy technology.
The electrochemical oxidation of biomass platforms such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to value-added chemicals is an emerging clean energy technology. However, mechanistic knowledge of this reaction in an electrochemical context is still lacking and operando studies are even more rare. In this work, we utilize core–shell gold-metal oxide nanostructures which enable operando surface-enhanced Raman spectroelectrochemical studies to simultaneously visualize catalyst material transformation and surface reaction intermediates under an applied voltage. As a case study, we show how the transformation of NiOOH from ∼1–2 nm amorphous Ni layers facilitates the onset of HMF oxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which is attained with 99% faradaic efficiency in 1 M KOH. In contrast to the case in 1 M KOH, NiOOH formation is suppressed, and consequently HMF oxidation is sluggish in 10 mM KOH, even at highly oxidizing potentials. Operando Raman experiments elucidate how surface adsorption and interaction dictates product selectivity and how the surface intermediates evolve with applied potential. We further extend our methodology to investigate NiFe, Co, Fe, and CoFe catalysts and demonstrate that high water oxidation activity is not necessarily correlated with excellent HMF oxidation performance and highlight catalytic factors important for this reaction such as reactant–surface interactions and the catalysts' physical and electronic structure. The insights extracted are expected to pave the way for a deepened understanding of a wide array of electrochemical systems such as for organic transformations and CO2 fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Heidary
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Roger-Gaudry Building , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada .
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Roger-Gaudry Building , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada .
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48
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Wagner A, Ly KH, Heidary N, Szabó I, Földes T, Assaf KI, Barrow SJ, Sokołowski K, Al-Hada M, Kornienko N, Kuehnel MF, Rosta E, Zebger I, Nau WM, Scherman OA, Reisner E. Host-Guest Chemistry Meets Electrocatalysis: Cucurbit[6]uril on a Au Surface as a Hybrid System in CO 2 Reduction. ACS Catal 2020; 10:751-761. [PMID: 31929948 PMCID: PMC6945685 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The rational control of forming and stabilizing reaction
intermediates
to guide specific reaction pathways remains to be a major challenge
in electrocatalysis. In this work, we report a surface active-site
engineering approach for modulating electrocatalytic CO2 reduction using the macrocycle cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]). A pristine
gold surface functionalized with CB[6] nanocavities was studied as
a hybrid organic–inorganic model system that utilizes host–guest
chemistry to influence the heterogeneous electrocatalytic reaction.
The combination of surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy
and electrocatalytic experiments in conjunction with theoretical calculations
supports capture and reduction of CO2 inside the hydrophobic
cavity of CB[6] on the gold surface in aqueous KHCO3 at
negative potentials. SEIRA spectroscopic experiments show that the
decoration of gold with the supramolecular host CB[6] leads to an
increased local CO2 concentration close to the metal interface.
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction on a CB[6]-coated gold electrode
indicates differences in the specific interactions between CO2 reduction intermediates within and outside the CB[6] molecular
cavity, illustrated by a decrease in current density from CO generation,
but almost invariant H2 production compared to unfunctionalized
gold. The presented methodology and mechanistic insight can guide
future design of molecularly engineered catalytic environments through
interfacial host–guest chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - István Szabó
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Khaleel I. Assaf
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Kamil Sokołowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohamed Al-Hada
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Ingo Zebger
- Max Volmer Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Sekr. PC14, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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49
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Kuruvinashetti K, Zhang Y, Li J, Kornienko N. Shell isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy for renewable energy electrocatalysis. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03526b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the use of shell isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) to investigate heterogeneous electrocatalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kuruvinashetti
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montréal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montréal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Junnan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montréal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montréal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
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50
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Li J, Zhang Y, Kornienko N. Heterogeneous electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 promoted by secondary coordination sphere effects. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of secondary coordination sphere effects to rationally modulate electrochemical CO2 reduction on heterogeneous catalysts is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montreal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montreal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry
- Université de Montreal
- Roger-Gaudry Building
- Montreal
- Canada
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