1
|
Parsons LWT, Berben LA. Metallated dihydropyridinates: prospects in hydride transfer and (electro)catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8234-8248. [PMID: 37564402 PMCID: PMC10411630 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydride transfer (HT) is a fundamental step in a wide range of reaction pathways, including those mediated by dihydropyridinates (DHP-s). Coordination of ions directly to the pyridine ring or functional groups stemming therefrom, provides a powerful approach for influencing the electronic structure and in turn HT chemistry. Much of the work in this area is inspired by the chemistry of bioinorganic systems including NADH. Coordination of metal ions to pyridines lowers the electron density in the pyridine ring and lowers the reduction potential: lower-energy reactions and enhanced selectivity are two outcomes from these modifications. Herein, we discuss approaches for the preparation of DHP-metal complexes and selected examples of their reactivity. We suggest further areas in which these metallated DHP-s could be developed and applied in synthesis and catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo W T Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Louise A Berben
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Intermediates, Isolation and Mechanistic Insights into Zinc Hydride-Catalyzed 1,2-Regioselective Hydrofunctionalization of N-Heteroarenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:304-317. [PMID: 36571301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The conjugated bis-guanidinate-supported zinc hydride [{LZnH}2; L = {(ArHN) (ArN)-C═N-C═(NAr) (NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et2-C6H3}] (I)-catalyzed highly demanding exclusive 1,2-regioselective hydroboration and hydrosilylation of N-heteroarenes is demonstrated with excellent yields. This protocol is compatible with many pyridines and N-heteroarene derivatives, including electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents. Catalytic intermediates, such as [(LZnH) (4-methylpyridine)] IIA, [(L'ZnH) (4-methylpyridine) IIA', where L' = CH{(CMe) (2,6-Et2C6H3N)}2)], LZn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline) III, [L'Zn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline)] III', and LZn(1,2-(3-MeDHQ)) (3-methylquinoline) V, were isolated and thoroughly characterized by NMR, HRMS, and IR analyses. Furthermore, X-ray single-crystal diffraction studies confirmed the molecular structures of compounds IIA', III, and III'. The NMR data proved that the intermediate III or III' reacted with HBpin and gave a selective 1,2-addition hydroborated product. Stoichiometric experiments suggest that V and III independently reacted with silane, yielding selective 1,2-addition of mono- and bis-hydrosilylated products, respectively. Based on the isolation of intermediates and a series of stoichiometric experiments, plausible catalytic cycles were established. Furthermore, the intermolecular chemoselective hydroboration reaction over other reducible functionalities was studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi Y, Zeng Y, Kucheryavy P, Yin X, Zhang K, Meng G, Chen J, Zhu Q, Wang N, Zheng X, Jäkle F, Chen P. Dynamic B/N Lewis Pairs: Insights into the Structural Variations and Photochromism via Light-Induced Fluorescence to Phosphorescence Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213615. [PMID: 36287039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ultralong afterglow emissions due to room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are of paramount importance in the advancement of smart sensors, bioimaging and light-emitting devices. We herein present an efficient approach to achieve rarely accessible phosphorescence of heavy atom-free organoboranes via photochemical switching of sterically tunable fluorescent Lewis pairs (LPs). LPs are widely applied in and well-known for their outstanding performance in catalysis and supramolecular soft materials but have not thus far been exploited to develop photo-responsive RTP materials. The intramolecular LP M1BNM not only shows a dynamic response to thermal treatment due to reversible N→B coordination but crystals of M1BNM also undergo rapid photochromic switching. As a result, unusual emission switching from short-lived fluorescence to long-lived phosphorescence (rad-M1BNM, τRTP =232 ms) is observed. The reported discoveries in the field of Lewis pairs chemistry offer important insights into their structural dynamics, while also pointing to new opportunities for photoactive materials with implications for fast responsive detectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Pavel Kucheryavy
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Guoyun Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jinfa Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hazra S, Mahato S, Kanti Das K, Panda S. Transition-Metal-Free Heterocyclic Carbon-Boron Bond Formation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200556. [PMID: 35438817 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heteroaryl boronic acids and esters are extremely important and valuable intermediates because of their wide application in the synthesis of marketed drugs and bioactive compounds. Over the last couple of decades, the construction of highly important heteroaryl carbon-boron bonds has created huge attention. The transition-metal-free protocols are more green, less sensitive to air and moisture, and also economically advantageous over the transition-metal-based protocols. The transition-metal-free C-H borylation of heteroarenes and C-X (X=halogen) borylation of heteroaryl halides represents an excellent approach for their synthesis. Also, various cyclization and alkyne activation protocols have been recently established for their synthesis. The goal of this review article is to summarize the existing literature and the current state of the art for transition-metal-free synthesis of heteroaryl boronic acid and esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Somenath Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Kanak Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Santanu Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jeong E, Heo J, Jin S, Kim D, Chang S. KO tBu-Catalyzed 1,2-Silaboration of N-Heteroarenes to Access 2-Silylheterocycles: A Cooperative Model for the Regioselectivity. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunchan Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Joon Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongho Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mi J, Huo S, Meng L, Li X. Mechanism and regioselectivity of [Cu-Fe] heterobimetallic-catalyzed hydroboration of pyridines: DFT investigation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Grundy ME, Yuan K, Nichol GS, Ingleson MJ. Zinc catalysed electrophilic C-H borylation of heteroarenes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8190-8198. [PMID: 34194709 PMCID: PMC8208323 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01883c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic zinc Lewis acids catalyse the C-H borylation of heteroarenes using pinacol borane (HBPin) or catechol borane (HBCat). An electrophile derived from [IDippZnEt][B(C6F5)4] (IDipp = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) combined with N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMT) proved the most active in terms of C-H borylation scope and yield. Using this combination weakly activated heteroarenes, such as thiophene, were amenable to catalytic C-H borylation using HBCat. Competition reactions show these IDipp-zinc cations are highly oxophilic but less hydridophilic (relative to B(C6F5)3), and that borylation proceeds via activation of the hydroborane (and not the heteroarene) by a zinc electrophile. Based on DFT calculations this activation is proposed to proceed by coordination of a hydroborane oxygen to the zinc centre to generate a boron electrophile that effects C-H borylation. Thus, Lewis acid binding to oxygen sites of hydroboranes represents an under-developed route to access reactive borenium-type electrophiles for C-H borylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Grundy
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Kang Yuan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Michael J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu WC, Kim Y, Gabbaï FP. Conformational Switching through the One-Electron Reduction of an Acridinium-based, γ-Cationic Phosphine Gold Complex. Chemistry 2021; 27:6701-6705. [PMID: 33528859 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Our efforts in the chemistry of gold complexes featuring ambiphilic phosphine-carbenium L/Z-type ligand have led us to consider the reduction of the carbenium moiety as a means to modulate the gold-carbenium interaction present in these complexes. Here, it was shown that the one-electron reduction of [(o-Ph2 P(C6 H4 )Acr)AuCl]+ (Acr=9-N-methylacridinium) produces a neutral stable radical, the structure of which showed a marked increase in the Au-Acr distance. Related structural changes were observed for the phosphine oxide analogue [(o-Ph2 P(O)(C6 H4 )Acr]+ , the reduction of which interfered with the P=O→carbenium interaction. These structural effects, driven by a reduction-induced change in the electronic and electrostatic characteristics of the compounds, showed that the charge and accepting properties of the carbenium unit can be modulated. These results highlight the redox-noninnocence of carbenium Z-type ligand, a feature that can be exploited to induce specific conformational changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Youngmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - François P Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gupta R, Rezabal E, Hasrack G, Frison G. Comparison of Chemical and Interpretative Methods: the Carbon-Boron π-Bond as a Test Case*. Chemistry 2020; 26:17230-17241. [PMID: 32780465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations and NBO, ETS-NOCV, QTAIM and ELF interpretative approaches have been carried out on C-donor ligand-stabilized dihydrido borenium cations. Numerous descriptors of the C-B π-bond strength obtained from orbital localization, energy partitioning or topological methods as well as from structural and chemical parameters have been calculated for 39 C-donor ligands including N-heterocyclic carbenes and carbones. Comparison of the results allows the identification of relative and absolute descriptors of the π interaction. For both families of descriptors excellent correlations are obtained. This enables the establishment of a π-donation capability scale and shows that the interpretative methods, despite their conceptual differences, describe the same chemical properties. These results also reveal noticeable shortcomings in these popular methods, and some precautions that need to be taken to interpret their results adequately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Gupta
- LCM, CNRS, École polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Elixabete Rezabal
- LCM, CNRS, École polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France.,Faculty of Chemistry, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018, Donostia, Spain
| | - Golshid Hasrack
- LCM, CNRS, École polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Gilles Frison
- LCM, CNRS, École polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hermannsdorfer A, Driess M. Isolable Silicon-Based Polycations with Lewis Superacidity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23132-23136. [PMID: 32935903 PMCID: PMC7756528 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Molecular silicon polycations of the types R2 Si2+ and RSi3+ (R=H, organic groups) are elusive Lewis superacids and currently unknown in the condensed phase. Here, we report the synthesis of a series of isolable terpyridine-stabilized R2 Si2+ and RSi3+ complexes, [R2 Si(terpy)]2+ (R=Ph 12+ ; R2 =C12 H8 22+ , (CH2 )3 32+ ) and [RSi(terpy)]3+ (R=Ph 43+ , cyclohexyl 53+ , m-xylyl 63+ ), in form of their triflate salts. The stabilization of the latter is achieved through higher coordination and to the expense of reduced fluoride-ion affinities, but a significant level of Lewis superacidity is nonetheless retained as verified by theory and experiment. The complexes activate C(sp3 )-F bonds, as showcased by stoichiometric fluoride abstraction from 1-fluoroadamantane (AdF) and the catalytic hydrodefluorination of AdF. The formation of the crystalline adducts [2(F)]+ and [5(H)]2+ documents in particular the high reactivity towards fluoride and hydride donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Hermannsdorfer
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen C, Li J, Daniliuc CG, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. The [(NHC)B(H)C
6
F
5
]
+
Cations and Their [B](H)−CO Borane Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen C, Li J, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. The [(NHC)B(H)C 6 F 5 ] + Cations and Their [B](H)-CO Borane Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21460-21464. [PMID: 32705756 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydride abstraction from the heterocyclic carbene borane adducts (NHC)BH2 C6 F5 (NHC: IMes or IMe4 ) gave the B-H containing [(NHC)B(H)C6 F5 ]+ borenium cations. They added carbon monoxide to give the respective [(NHC)B(H)(C6 F5 )CO]+ boron carbonyl cations. Carbon nucleophiles add to the boron carbonyl to give [B](H) acyls. Hydride reduced the [B]CO cation to hydroxymethylborane derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hermannsdorfer A, Driess M. Isolierbare Silicium‐basierte Polykationen mit Lewis‐Superacidität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Hermannsdorfer
- Institut für Chemie, Metallorganische Chemie und anorganische Materialien Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Matthias Driess
- Institut für Chemie, Metallorganische Chemie und anorganische Materialien Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tan ML, Tong S, Hou SK, You J, Wang MX. Copper-Catalyzed N,N-Diarylation of Amides for the Construction of 9,10-Dihydroacridine Structure and Applications in the Synthesis of Diverse Nitrogen-Embedded Polyacenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:5417-5422. [PMID: 32588635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We reported herein CuI/DMEDA catalyzed N,N-diarylation reaction of amides with various di(o-bromoaryl)methanes to produce diverse 9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives. The resulting 9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives were oxidized selectively under mild conditions to afford acridine, acridinone, and acridinium derivatives. The copper-catalyzed N,N-diarylation reaction coupled with oxidative aromatization reaction enabled the facile construction of nitrogen atom-embedded tetracenes and pentacenes of different ortho-fused patterns. The luminescence properties, especially the effect of fusion pattern on fluorescence emission of acquired N-polycenes, were also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shuo Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingsong You
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mei-Xiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rawat S, Bhandari M, Porwal VK, Singh S. Hydrosilylation of Carbonyls Catalyzed by Hydridoborenium Borate Salts: Lewis Acid Activation and Anion Mediated Pathways. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7195-7203. [PMID: 32364748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The electronically unsaturated three-coordinated hydridoborenium cations [LBH]+[HB(C6F5)3]- (1) and [LBH]+[B(C6F5)4]- (2), supported by a bis(phosphinimino)amide ligand, were found to be excellent catalysts for hydrosilylation of a range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones under mild reaction conditions (L = [{(2,4,6-Me3C6H2N)P(Ph2)}2N]). The key steps of the catalytic cycle for hydrosilylation of PhCHO were monitored via in situ multinuclear NMR measurements for catalysts 1 and 2. The combined effect of carbonyl activation via the Lewis acidic hydridoborenium cation and the hydridic nature of the borate counteranion in 1 makes it a more efficient catalyst in comparison to that of carbonyl activation via the predominant Lewis acid activation pathway operating with catalyst 2. The catalytic cycle of 1 showed hydride transfer from the borate moiety [HB(C6F5)3]- to PhCHO in the first step, forming [PhCH2-O-B(C6F5)3]-, which subsequently underwent σ-bond metathesis with Et3SiH to form the product, PhCH2-O-SiEt3. Quantum chemical calculations also support the borate anion mediated mechanism with 1. In contrast, the reaction catalyzed by 2 proceeds predominantly via the Lewis acid activation of the carbonyl group involving [LB(H)←OC(H)Ph]+[B(C6F5)4]- as the transition state and [LBOCH2Ph]+[B(C6F5)4]- as the intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rawat
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Mamta Bhandari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Porwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jinseong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Joon Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of ChemistryGuangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang H, Zhang L, Zhou FY, Jiao L. An umpolung approach to the hydroboration of pyridines: a novel and efficient synthesis of N-H 1,4-dihydropyridines. Chem Sci 2019; 11:742-747. [PMID: 34123047 PMCID: PMC8145361 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05627k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The first inverse hydroboration of pyridine with a diboron(4) compound and a proton source has been realized under simple basic and catalyst-free conditions. This process consists of a formal boryl anion addition to pyridine, which produces an N-boryl pyridyl anion complex, and the subsequent protonation of the anion complex. This process enables a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of multi-substituted N-H 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives that are difficult to prepare using established methods. Furthermore, this method allows for facile preparation of 4-deuterated 1,4-DHPs from an easily accessible deuterium ion source. This inverse hydroboration reaction represents a new mode for pyridine functionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Fei-Yu Zhou
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim E, Jeon HJ, Park S, Chang S. Double Hydroboration of Quinolines
via
Borane Catalysis: Diastereoselective One Pot Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxytetrahydroquinolines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunae Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Jeon
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Waked AE, Chitnis SS, Stephan DW. P(v) dications: carbon-based Lewis acid initiators for hydrodefluorination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8971-8974. [PMID: 31290494 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The P(iii) dication [(terpy)PPh]2+ is oxidized by reaction with o-chloranil or 9,10-phenanthrenequinone to give the P(v) dications [(terpy)(C6Cl4O2)PPh]2+ and [(terpy)(C14H8O2)PPh]2+, respectively. These species are coordinatively saturated at phosphorus and yet display the ability to effect Lewis acid initiation of hydrodefluorination of fluoroalkanes. Experimental and computational data support the notion that the P(v) dications are Lewis acidic at the para-carbon of the central ring of the terpy ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Waked
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jeong E, Heo J, Park S, Chang S. Alkoxide‐Promoted Selective Hydroboration ofN‐Heteroarenes: Pivotal Roles of in situ Generated BH3in the Dearomatization Process. Chemistry 2019; 25:6320-6325. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunchan Jeong
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Heo
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee K, Kirkvold C, Vlaisavljevich B, Daly SR. Ligand-Centered Borenium Reactivity in Triaminoborane-Bridged Diphosphine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13188-13200. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Clara Kirkvold
- Churchill-Haines Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Churchill-Haines Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Scott R. Daly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jupp AR, Johnstone TC, Stephan DW. The global electrophilicity index as a metric for Lewis acidity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7029-7035. [PMID: 29737357 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01699b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The global electrophilicity index, GEI, is used as a general, quantitative and base-independent metric of Lewis acidity. This parameter has been benchmarked against the established fluoride ion affinity, FIA, for a range of 22 neutral and cationic Lewis acids from across the p-block, including boranes, trityl derivatives, phosphonium cations and sulfoxonium cations. As a demonstration of utility, the GEI is used to catalogue a library of fluoroaryl boranes as it provides a rapid tool for the comparison of a series of Lewis acids featuring peripheral substituent variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Jupp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|