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Bai X, Bai Y, Li Y, Zhao C, Du H, Li Y, Shen C, Zhang M, Chen L. Chemoselective Synthesis of α-Halo- α,α-difluoromethyl Ketones from Trimethyl(phenylethynyl)silane. Org Lett 2024; 26:4508-4513. [PMID: 38770840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, we describe a novel strategy for chemoselective synthesis of α-halo-α,α-difluoromethyl ketones (-COCF3 and -COClCF2 motifs) from trimethyl(phenylethynyl)silane under catalyst-free and mild conditions. Commercially available Selectfluor or additional NaCl as halogen reagent was employed to complete this transformation, thereby demonstrating the potential synthetic value of this new reaction in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Bai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yuye Bai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Ya Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Cong Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Hongxuan Du
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yibiao Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Chengshuo Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Campus, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Zhou C, Jiang M, Arndtsen BA. Versatile Palladium-Catalyzed Approach to Acyl Fluorides and Carbonylations by Combining Visible Light- and Ligand-Driven Operations. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9413-9420. [PMID: 35587132 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of a general palladium-catalyzed carbonylative method to synthesize acyl fluorides from aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, and functionalized organic halides. Mechanistic analysis suggests that the reaction proceeds via the synergistic combination of visible light photoexcitation of Pd(0) to induce oxidative addition with a ligand-favored reductive elimination. These together create a unidirectional catalytic cycle that is uninhibited by the classical effect of carbon monoxide coordination. Coupling the catalytic formation of acyl fluorides with their subsequent nucleophilic reactions has opened a method to perform carbonylation reactions with unprecedented breadth, including the assembly of highly functionalized carbonyl-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cuihan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Meijing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Bruce A Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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3
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Shen GB, Yu HY, Xu Z, Cao W, Liu J, Xie L, Yan M. Theoretical study for evaluating and discovering organic hydride compounds as novel trifluoromethylation reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2831-2842. [PMID: 35294516 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylation reaction is one of the significant and practical organic chemical reactions, and the design and discovery of novel trifluoromethylation reagents have been attracting more and more attention. Trifluoromethyl-substituted organic hydride compounds (XH) have the potential to be novel trifluoromethylation reagents in organic synthesis due to the favorable tendency of XH˙+ releasing ˙CF3 to form stable aromatic structures in terms of thermodynamics. The key elementary step of the trifluoromethylation is the radical cation (XH˙+) generation by catalysis or single-electron activation releasing ˙CF3 to form a stable aromatic structure, which also provides the thermodynamic driving force of the chemical process. In this work, 47 new trifluoromethylation reagent candidates of XHs were designed and calculated for the Gibbs free energy and activation free energy [ΔG‡RD(XH˙+)] of XH˙+ releasing ˙CF3 using the density functional theory (DFT) method, in order to quantitatively measure the reactivity of XHs as trifluoromethylation reagents, and to establish the molecular library as well as reactivity database of novel trifluoromethylation reagents for synthetic chemists. According to the and ΔG‡RD(XH˙+) values, all the XHs can be reasonably divided into 3 classes, including class 1 (excellent trifluoromethylation reagents), class 2 (potential trifluoromethylation reagents) and class 3 (not trifluoromethylation reagents). To our delight, 15 XHs with a 1,4-dihydropyridine structure and 3 XHs with a 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-one structure are identified to be novel excellent and potential trifluoromethylation reagents, respectively, according to their reactivity data. The relationship between the structural features, including methylation, heteroatom, substituents, conjugated structure and so on, and the reactivity of XHs as trifluoromethylation reagents are also discussed in this work. The computation results indicate that trifluoromethyl-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-one analogues could be possible trifluoromethylation reagents in organic synthesis. This work may provide the theoretical basis and references for discovering organic hydride compounds as novel reagents for trifluoromethylation or other alkylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yun Yu
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276800, P. R. China.
| | - Weilong Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276800, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Li Xie
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Maocai Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276800, P. R. China.
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DFT study on the synthesis of trifluoroacetophenone from palladium complex L nPd(Ph)CF 3 (L n = Xantphos or DtBPF) and CO. J Mol Model 2022; 28:48. [PMID: 35083574 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The carbonylative trifluoromethylation reaction mechanism of palladium complex LnPd(Ph)CF3 (Ln = Xantphos or DtBPF) and CO to synthesize trifluoroacetophenone was calculated using the density functional theory B3LYP method. In this paper, we conducted a computational study on the competition mechanism of two different products trifluorotoluene and trifluoroacetophenone. The calculation result reveals (1) CO insertion and reduction-elimination are two key steps in palladium-catalyzed reactions; (2) for the palladium complex (Xantphos)Pd(Ph)CF3, the resulting product trifluoroacetyl has a lower activation energy and higher reactivity; and (3) for the metal palladium ligand DtBPF, the small energy difference between the two products indicates that the stereoselectivity of the product is relatively poor. The computational research results in this paper provide a good supplement and effective explanation to the experimental phenomenon of Domino et al. (Organometallics 39:688-697, 2020).
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Liu X, Liu L, Huang T, Zhang J, Tang Z, Li C, Chen T. Trifluoromethylation of Benzoic Acids: An Access to Aryl Trifluoromethyl Ketones. Org Lett 2021; 23:4930-4934. [PMID: 34109800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The trifluoromethylation of benzoic acids with TMSCF3 was achieved through nucleophilic substitution with the use of anhydrides as an in situ activating reagent. Under the reaction conditions, a wide range of carboxylic acids including the bioactive ones worked well, thus providing a facile and efficient method for preparing aryl trifluoromethyl ketones from the readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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7
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Boehm P, Roediger S, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17887-17896. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sven Roediger
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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8
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Boehm P, Roediger S, Bismuto A, Morandi B. Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sven Roediger
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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Ravn AK, Johansen MB, Skrydstrup T. Controlled Release of Reactive Gases: A Tale of Taming Carbon Monoxide. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1529-1533. [PMID: 32510185 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This Personal Account describes the development of air-stable and solid precursors for on-demand release of carbon monoxide. In combination with the development of a two-chamber reactor, COware®, CO liberation can be achieved under safe working conditions, as well as allowing transition metal-mediated carbonylations with stoichiometric carbon monoxide. Particularly appealing is the adaptability of this chemical technology for the preparation of carbon isotope labeled bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Ravn
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Martin B Johansen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Åbogade 40, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Johansen MB, Gedde OR, Mayer TS, Skrydstrup T. Access to Aryl and Heteroaryl Trifluoromethyl Ketones from Aryl Bromides and Fluorosulfates with Stoichiometric CO. Org Lett 2020; 22:4068-4072. [PMID: 32391697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report a sequential one-pot preparation of aromatic trifluoromethyl ketones starting from readily accessible aryl bromides and fluorosulfates, the latter easily prepared from the corresponding phenols. The methodology utilizes low pressure carbon monoxide generated ex situ from COgen to generate Weinreb amides as reactive intermediates that undergo monotrifluoromethylation affording the corresponding aromatic trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs) in good yields. The stoichiometric use of CO enables the possibility for accessing 13C-isotopically labeled TFMK by switching to the use of 13COgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Johansen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Åbogade 40, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Oliver R Gedde
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thea S Mayer
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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