1
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Festa AA, Storozhenko OA, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV. Visible light-mediated halogenation of organic compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37975853 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of visible light and photoredox catalysis emerged as a powerful and sustainable tool for organic synthesis, showing high value for distinctly different ways of bond creation. Halogenated compounds are the cornerstone of contemporary organic synthesis: it is almost impossible to develop a route towards a pharmaceutical reagent, agrochemical, natural product, etc. without the involvement of halogen-containing intermediates. Moreover, the halogenated derivatives as final products became indispensable for drug discovery and materials science. The idea of this review is to understand and summarise the impact of visible light-promoted chemistry on halogenation and halofunctionalisation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Festa
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
| | - Olga A Storozhenko
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
| | - Leonid G Voskressensky
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Zhang L, Yan J, Ahmadli D, Wang Z, Ritter T. Electron-Transfer-Enabled Concerted Nucleophilic Fluorination of Azaarenes: Selective C-H Fluorination of Quinolines. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20182-20188. [PMID: 37695320 PMCID: PMC10515641 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct C-H fluorination is an efficient strategy to construct aromatic C-F bonds, but the cleavage of specific C-H bonds in the presence of other functional groups and the high barrier of C-F bond formation make the transformation challenging. Progress for the electrophilic fluorination of arenes has been reported, but a similar transformation for electron-deficient azaarenes has remained elusive due to the high energy of the corresponding Wheland intermediates. Nucleophilic fluorination of electron-deficient azaarenes is difficult owing to the identity of the Meisenheimer intermediate after fluoride attack, from which fluoride elimination to regenerate the substrate is favored over hydride elimination to form the product. Herein, we report a new concept for C-H nucleophilic fluorination without the formation of azaarene Meisenheimer intermediates through a chain process with an asynchronous concerted F--e--H+ transfer. The concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution strategy allows for the first successful nucleophilic oxidative fluorination of quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jiyao Yan
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dilgam Ahmadli
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Zikuan Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Meger FS, Murphy JA. Recent Advances in C-H Functionalisation through Indirect Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Molecules 2023; 28:6127. [PMID: 37630379 PMCID: PMC10459052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The functionalisation of C-H bonds has been an enormous achievement in synthetic methodology, enabling new retrosynthetic disconnections and affording simple synthetic equivalents for synthons. Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is a key method for forming alkyl radicals from C-H substrates. Classic reactions, including the Barton nitrite ester reaction and Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag reaction, among others, provided early examples of HAT. However, recent developments in photoredox catalysis and electrochemistry have made HAT a powerful synthetic tool capable of introducing a wide range of functional groups into C-H bonds. Moreover, greater mechanistic insights into HAT have stimulated the development of increasingly site-selective protocols. Site-selectivity can be achieved through the tuning of electron density at certain C-H bonds using additives, a judicious choice of HAT reagent, and a solvent system. Herein, we describe the latest methods for functionalizing C-H/Si-H/Ge-H bonds using indirect HAT between 2018-2023, as well as a critical discussion of new HAT reagents, mechanistic aspects, substrate scopes, and background contexts of the protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip S. Meger
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 16 Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - John A. Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
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4
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Miyajima R, Ooe Y, Miura T, Ikoma T, Iwamoto H, Takizawa SY, Hasegawa E. Triarylamine-Substituted Benzimidazoliums as Electron Donor-Acceptor Dyad-Type Photocatalysts for Reductive Organic Transformations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10236-10248. [PMID: 37127911 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Triarylamine-substituted benzimidazoliums (BI+-PhNAr2), new electron donor-acceptor dyad molecules, were synthesized. Their photocatalytic properties for reductive organic transformations were explored using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, redox potential determinations, density functional theory calculations, transient absorption spectroscopy, and reduction reactions of selected substrates. The results show that irradiation of BI+-PhNAr2 promotes photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer to form a long-lived (∼300 μs) charge shifted state (BI•-PhN•+Ar2). In the pathway for photocatalysis of reduction reactions of substrates, BI•-PhN•+Ar2 is subsequently transformed to the neutral benzimidazolyl radical (BI•-PhNAr2) by single-electron transfer from the donor 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylbenzimidazoline (BIH-Ph) serving as a cooperative agent. Among the benzimidazoliums explored, the bromo-substituted analogue BI+-PhN(C6H4Br-p)2 in conjunction with BIH-Ph demonstrates the most consistent catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Miyajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuuki Ooe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Eietsu Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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5
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Chen B, Huang Z, Hu Z, Liu X, Weng J. Visible Light Induced C2 Alkylation of 2
H
‐Benzoxazoles with Cycloalkanes and Ethers
via
Selectfluor‐Mediated Oxidation. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Zhi‐Gang Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xing‐Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Jian‐Quan Weng
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
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6
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Nguyen K, Nguyen V, Tran H, Pham P. Organo-photocatalytic C-H bond oxidation: an operationally simple and scalable method to prepare ketones with ambient air. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7168-7178. [PMID: 36891491 PMCID: PMC9986805 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative C-H functionalization with O2 is a sustainable strategy to convert feedstock-like chemicals into valuable products. Nevertheless, eco-friendly O2-utilizing chemical processes, which are scalable yet operationally simple, are challenging to develop. Here, we report our efforts, via organo-photocatalysis, in devising such protocols for catalytic C-H bond oxidation of alcohols and alkylbenzenes to ketones using ambient air as the oxidant. The protocols employed tetrabutylammonium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate as the organic photocatalyst which is readily available from a scalable ion exchange of inexpensive salts and is easy to separate from neutral organic products. Cobalt(ii) acetylacetonate was found to be greatly instrumental to oxidation of alcohols and therefore was included as an additive in evaluating the alcohol scope. The protocols employed a nontoxic solvent, could accommodate a variety of functional groups, and were readily scaled to 500 mmol scale in a simple batch setting using round-bottom flasks and ambient air. A preliminary mechanistic study of C-H bond oxidation of alcohols supported the validity of one possible mechanistic pathway, nested in a more complex network of potential pathways, in which the anthraquinone form - the oxidized form - of the photocatalyst activates alcohols and the anthrahydroquinone form - the relevant reduced form of the photocatalyst - activates O2. A detailed mechanism, which reflected such a pathway and was consistent with previously accepted mechanisms, was proposed to account for formation of ketones from aerobic C-H bond oxidation of both alcohols and alkylbenzenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ky Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hieu Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phong Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi Vietnam
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7
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Kim M, Hong S, Jeong J, Hong S. Visible-Light-Active Coumarin- and Quinolinone-Based Photocatalysts and Their Applications in Chemical Transformations. CHEM REC 2023:e202200267. [PMID: 36627191 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes have been actively studied as useful photocatalysts because they allow access to versatile structural flexibility and green synthetic applications. The identification of a new class of robust organic chromophores is, therefore, in high demand to increase structural diversity and variability. Although coumarins and quinolinones have long been acknowledged as organic chromophores, their ability to participate in photoinduced transformations is somewhat less familiar. Fascinated by their chromophoric features and adaptable platform, our group is interested in the identification of fluorescent bioactive molecules and in the development of new photoinduced synthetic methods using coumarins and quinolinones as photocatalysts. This account provides an overview of our recent progress in the discovery and application of light-absorbing coumarin and quinolinone derivatives in photochemistry and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myojeong Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyeok Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwook Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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8
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Singh S, Singh RP. Visible-light-induced alkylation of 2-iminochromene. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7891-7895. [PMID: 36173278 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01584f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free, photochemical protocol for C-4 alkylation of 2-iminochromene has been developed by employing the naturally abundant feedstock carboxylic acid. Selective C-4 alkylation under photoredox conditions to access C-4 alkylated 2-iminochromene in up to 81% yield was achieved. In addition, biologically relevant chromophores can be easily incorporated under this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Ravi P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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9
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Joshi A, Iqbal Z, Kandwal P, De SR. Pd(II)–Catalyzed Non–Directed Benzylic C(sp3)–H Activation: Cascade C(sp3)–S Bond Cleavage to Access Benzaldehydes from Benzylphenyl Sulfides and Sulfoxides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asha Joshi
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Pankaj Kandwal
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Saroj Ranjan De
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Dept. of Chemistry Srinagar Garhwal 246174 Srinagar INDIA
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10
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Ju ZY, Song LN, Chong MB, Cheng DG, Hou Y, Zhang XM, Zhang QH, Ren LH. Selective Aerobic Oxidation of C sp3-H Bonds Catalyzed by Yeast-Derived Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Oxygen Codoped Carbon Materials. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3978-3988. [PMID: 35254832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen codoped carbon catalysts were successfully synthesized using dried yeast powder as a pyrolysis precursor. The yeast-derived heteroatom-doped carbon (yeast@C) catalysts exhibited outstanding performance in the oxidation of Csp3-H bonds to ketones and esters, giving excellent product yields (of up to 98% yield) without organic solvents at low O2 pressure (0.1 MPa). The catalytic oxidation protocol exhibited a broad range of substrates (38 examples) with good functional group tolerance, excellent regioselectivity, and synthetic utility. The yeast-derived heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts showed good reusability and stability after recycling six times without any significant loss of activity. Experimental results and DFT calculations proved the important role of N-oxide (N+-O-) on the surface of yeast@C and a reasonable carbon radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yang Ju
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Li-Na Song
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Ben Chong
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhuabei Road, Quzhou 324000, P. R. China
| | - Dang-Guo Cheng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yang Hou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Ming Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lan-Hui Ren
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhuabei Road, Quzhou 324000, P. R. China
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11
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Bortolato T, Cuadros S, Simionato G, Dell'Amico L. The advent and development of organophotoredox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1263-1283. [PMID: 34994368 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05850a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, photoredox catalysis has unlocked unprecedented reactivities in synthetic organic chemistry. Seminal advancements in the field have involved the use of well-studied metal complexes as photoredox catalysts (PCs). More recently, the synthetic community, looking for more sustainable approaches, has been moving towards the use of purely organic molecules. Organic PCs are generally cheaper and less toxic, while allowing their rational modification to an increased generality. Furthermore, organic PCs have allowed reactivities that are inaccessible by using common metal complexes. Likewise, in synthetic catalysis, the field of photocatalysis is now experiencing a green evolution moving from metal catalysis to organocatalysis. In this feature article, we discuss and critically comment on the scientific reasons for this ongoing evolution in the field of photoredox catalysis, showing how and when organic PCs can efficiently replace their metal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Bortolato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
| | - Sara Cuadros
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Simionato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
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12
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Gui J, Sun M, Wu H, Li J, Yang J, Wang Z. Direct benzylic C–H difluoroalkylation with difluoroenoxysilanes by transition metal-free photoredox catalysis. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A visible light promoted direct benzylic C–H difluoroalkylation with difluoroenoxysilanes catalyzed by Na2-eosin Y via a HAT-ORPC pathway has been developed, providing an efficient and atom-economic method for production of α-benzyl-α,α-difluoroketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gui
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Manman Sun
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haijian Wu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinshan Li
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianguo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Abstract
The fields of C-H functionalization and photoredox catalysis have garnered enormous interest and utility in the past several decades. Many different scientific disciplines have relied on C-H functionalization and photoredox strategies including natural product synthesis, drug discovery, radiolabeling, bioconjugation, materials, and fine chemical synthesis. In this Review, we highlight the use of photoredox catalysis in C-H functionalization reactions. We separate the review into inorganic/organometallic photoredox catalysts and organic-based photoredox catalytic systems. Further subdivision by reaction class-either sp2 or sp3 C-H functionalization-lends perspective and tactical strategies for use of these methods in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Holmberg-Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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14
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15
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16
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Abstract
The increasing importance of visible light photoredox catalysis as a powerful strategy
for the activation of small molecules require the development of new effective radical
sources and photocatalysts. The unique properties of organoboron compounds have contributed
significantly to the rapid progress of photocatalysis. Since the first work on the topic in
2005, many researchers have appreciated the role of boron-containing compounds in photocatalysis,
and this is reflected in several publications. In this review, we highlight the utility of
organoboron compounds in various photocatalytic reactions enabling the construction of carbon-
carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. The dual role of organoboron compounds in photocatalysis
is highlighted by their applications as reactants and as well as organic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kliś
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kublicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Vasilopoulos A, Krska SW, Stahl SS. C(sp 3)-H methylation enabled by peroxide photosensitization and Ni-mediated radical coupling. Science 2021; 372:398-403. [PMID: 33888639 PMCID: PMC8110093 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh2623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The "magic methyl" effect describes the change in potency, selectivity, and/or metabolic stability of a drug candidate associated with addition of a single methyl group. We report a synthetic method that enables direct methylation of C(sp3)-H bonds in diverse drug-like molecules and pharmaceutical building blocks. Visible light-initiated triplet energy transfer promotes homolysis of the O-O bond in di-tert-butyl or dicumyl peroxide under mild conditions. The resulting alkoxyl radicals undergo divergent reactivity, either hydrogen-atom transfer from a substrate C-H bond or generation of a methyl radical via β-methyl scission. The relative rates of these steps may be tuned by varying the reaction conditions or peroxide substituents to optimize the yield of methylated product arising from nickel-mediated cross-coupling of substrate and methyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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18
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Vellakkaran M, Hong S. Visible‐light‐induced Reactions Driven by Photochemical Activity of Quinolinone and Coumarin Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Vellakkaran
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 34141 Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 34141 Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Korea
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19
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Zheng Y, Xie ZZ, He XC, Chen YS, Cheng WS, Chen K, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. Phosphonium Ylide-Mediated Programmable Fluorination to Access Mono- and Difluoromethylarenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:2538-2542. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Chen He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Shan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Shuo Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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20
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Oliva M, Coppola GA, Van der Eycken EV, Sharma UK. Photochemical and Electrochemical Strategies towards Benzylic C−H Functionalization: A Recent Update. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Oliva
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Guglielmo A. Coppola
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street RU-117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
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21
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Torregrosa-Chinillach A, Chinchilla R. Synthesis of Xanthones, Thioxanthones and Acridones by a Metal-Free Photocatalytic Oxidation Using Visible Light and Molecular Oxygen. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040974. [PMID: 33673146 PMCID: PMC7918112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
9H-Xanthenes, 9H-thioxanthenes and 9,10-dihydroacridines can be easily oxidized to the corresponding xanthones, thioxanthones and acridones, respectively, by a simple photo-oxidation procedure carried out using molecular oxygen as oxidant under the irradiation of visible blue light and in the presence of riboflavin tetraacetate as a metal-free photocatalyst. The obtained yields are high or quantitative.
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22
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Sahin Y, Sika-Nartey AT, Ercan KE, Kocak Y, Senol S, Ozensoy E, Türkmen YE. Precious Metal-Free LaMnO 3 Perovskite Catalyst with an Optimized Nanostructure for Aerobic C-H Bond Activation Reactions: Alkylarene Oxidation and Naphthol Dimerization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5099-5110. [PMID: 33492925 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe the development of a new aerobic C-H oxidation methodology catalyzed by a precious metal-free LaMnO3 perovskite catalyst. Molecular oxygen is used as the sole oxidant in this approach, obviating the need for other expensive and/or environmentally hazardous stoichiometric oxidants. The electronic and structural properties of the LaMnO3 catalysts were systematically optimized, and a reductive pretreatment protocol was proved to be essential for acquiring the observed high catalytic activities. It is demonstrated that this newly developed method was extremely effective for the oxidation of alkylarenes to ketones as well as for the oxidative dimerization of 2-naphthol to 1,1-binaphthyl-2,2-diol (BINOL), a particularly important scaffold for asymmetric catalysis. Detailed spectroscopic and mechanistic studies provided valuable insights into the structural aspects of the active catalyst and the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abel T Sika-Nartey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerem E Ercan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Kocak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Senol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrah Ozensoy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus E Türkmen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Liu J, Wei Y, Shi M. Visible light mediated synthesis of 4-aryl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene derivatives via single-electron oxidation or MHAT from methylenecyclopropanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00853b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new synthetic strategy of a single-electron oxidation and MHAT of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) for the rapid construction of 4-aryl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene derivatives by merging photoredox catalysis and cobalt catalysis has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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24
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Dong M, Jia Y, Zhou W, Gao J, Lv X, Luo F, Zhang Y, Liu S. A photoredox/nickel dual-catalytic strategy for benzylic C–H alkoxylation. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed benzylic C–H alkoxylation and the protocol features broad substrate scope and excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Dong
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Jia
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Jinlai Gao
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Fan Luo
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shihui Liu
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
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25
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Kong Y, Xu W, Liu X, Weng J. Visible light-induced hydroxyalkylation of 2H-benzothiazoles with alcohols via selectfluor oxidation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Vega‐Peñaloza A, Mateos J, Companyó X, Escudero‐Casao M, Dell'Amico L. A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1082-1097. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vega‐Peñaloza
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Javier Mateos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Xavier Companyó
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | | | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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28
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Hong YH, Lee YM, Nam W, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Plastoquinol Analogues as a Potential Functional Model of Photosystem I. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14838-14846. [PMID: 33023288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent development of a functional model of photosystem II (PSII) has paved a new way to connect the PSII model with a functional model of photosystem I (PSI). However, PSI functional models have yet to be reported. We report herein the first potential functional model of PSI, in which plastoquinol (PQH2) analogues were oxidized to plastoquinone (PQ) analogues, accompanied by hydrogen (H2) evolution. Photoirradiation of a deaerated acetonitrile (MeCN) solution containing hydroquinone derivatives (X-QH2) as a hydrogen source, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr+-Mes) as a photoredox catalyst, and a cobalt(III) complex, CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl (dmgH = dimethylglyoximate monoanion; py = pyridine) as a redox catalyst resulted in the evolution of H2 and formation of the corresponding p-benzoquinone derivatives (X-Q) quantitatively. The maximum quantum yield for photocatalytic H2 evolution from tetrachlorohydroquinone (Cl4QH2) with Acr+-Mes and CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl and H2O in deaerated MeCN was determined to be 10%. Photocatalytic H2 evolution is started by electron transfer (ET) from Cl4QH2 to the triplet ET state of Acr+-Mes to produce Cl4QH2•+ and Acr•-Mes with a rate constant of 7.2 × 107 M-1 s-1, followed by ET from Acr•-Mes to CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl to produce [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]-, accompanied by the regeneration of Acr+-Mes. On the other hand, Cl4QH2•+ is deprotonated to produce Cl4QH•, which transfers either a hydrogen-atom transfer or a proton-coupled electron transfer to [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]- to produce a cobalt(III) hydride complex, [CoIII(H)(dmgH)2pyCl]-, which reacts with H+ to evolve H2, accompanied by the regeneration of CoIII(dmgH)2pyCl. The formation of [CoII(dmgH)2pyCl]- was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
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29
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Buss JA, Vasilopoulos A, Golden DL, Stahl SS. Copper-Catalyzed Functionalization of Benzylic C-H Bonds with N-Fluorobenzenesulfonimide: Switch from C-N to C-F Bond Formation Promoted by a Redox Buffer and Brønsted Base. Org Lett 2020; 22:5749-5752. [PMID: 32790419 PMCID: PMC7446155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A copper catalyst in combination with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) has been reported to functionalize benzylic C-H bonds to the corresponding benzylic sulfonimides via C-N coupling. Here, we reported a closely related Cu-catalyzed method with NFSI that instead leads to C-F coupling. This switch in selectivity arises from changes to the reaction conditions (Cu/ligand ratio, temperature, addition of base) and further benefits from inclusion of MeB(OH)2 in the reaction. MeB(OH)2 is shown to serve as a "redox buffer" in the reaction, responsible for rescuing inactive Cu(II) for continued promotion of fluorination reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Buss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Aristidis Vasilopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Dung L. Golden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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30
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Xiang M, Zhou C, Yang XL, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Visible Light-Catalyzed Benzylic C-H Bond Chlorination by a Combination of Organic Dye (Acr +-Mes) and N-Chlorosuccinimide. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9080-9087. [PMID: 32434320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
By combining "N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS)" as the safe chlorine source with "Acr+-Mes" as the photocatalyst, we successfully achieved benzylic C-H bond chlorination under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, benzylic chlorides could be converted to benzylic ethers smoothly in a one-pot manner by adding sodium methoxide. This mild and scalable chlorination method worked effectively for diverse toluene derivatives, especially for electron-deficient substrates. Careful mechanistic studies supported that NCS provided a hydrogen abstractor "N-centered succinimidyl radical," which was responsible for the cleavage of the benzylic C-H bond, relying on the reducing ability of Acr•-Mes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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31
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Mondal P, Lovisari M, Twamley B, McDonald AR. Fast Hydrocarbon Oxidation by a High‐Valent Nickel–Fluoride Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Marta Lovisari
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Aidan R. McDonald
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
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32
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Mondal P, Lovisari M, Twamley B, McDonald AR. Fast Hydrocarbon Oxidation by a High‐Valent Nickel–Fluoride Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13044-13050. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Marta Lovisari
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Aidan R. McDonald
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
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33
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Ding L, Han S, Chen X, Li L, Li J, Zou D, Wu Y, Wu Y. An efficient protocol for the synthesis of monofluoroalkylated (hetero)arenes via Pd-catalyzed α-(hetero)arylation of α-fluoroketones with (hetero)aryl bromides. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Aguilar Troyano FJ, Merkens K, Gómez‐Suárez A. Selectfluor® Radical Dication (TEDA
2+.
) – A Versatile Species in Modern Synthetic Organic Chemistry. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Merkens
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Adrián Gómez‐Suárez
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
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35
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Petzold D, Giedyk M, Chatterjee A, König B. A Retrosynthetic Approach for Photocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petzold
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Maciej Giedyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01‐224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anamitra Chatterjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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36
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Spencer ARA, Grainger R, Panigrahi A, Lepper TJ, Bentkowska K, Larrosa I. Transition metal-free cross-dehydrogenative arylation of unactivated benzylic C–H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14479-14482. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cross-dehydrogenative arylation of benzylic C–H bonds with arenes provides straightforward access to synthetically useful 1,1-diarylmethanes, from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. A. Spencer
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Rachel Grainger
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Thomas J. Lepper
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Katarzyna Bentkowska
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
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37
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Rammal F, Gaumont AC, Lakhdar S. Metal-Free Visible-Light-Mediated Aromatization of 1,2-Dihydronaphthalenes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Rammal
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS; Normandie University; 6, Bd. Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
| | - Annie-Claude Gaumont
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS; Normandie University; 6, Bd. Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
| | - Sami Lakhdar
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS; Normandie University; 6, Bd. Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
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38
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Bertrand X, Paquin JF. Direct Hydrofluorination of Methallyl Alkenes Using a Methanesulfonic Acid/Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride Combination. Org Lett 2019; 21:9759-9762. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bertrand
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
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39
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Betori RC, May CM, Scheidt KA. Combined Photoredox/Enzymatic C-H Benzylic Hydroxylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16490-16494. [PMID: 31465617 PMCID: PMC6829040 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemical transformations that install heteroatoms into C-H bonds are of significant interest because they streamline the construction of value-added small molecules. Direct C-H oxyfunctionalization, or the one step conversion of a C-H bond to a C-O bond, could be a highly enabling transformation due to the prevalence of the resulting enantioenriched alcohols in pharmaceuticals and natural products,. Here we report a single-flask photoredox/enzymatic process for direct C-H hydroxylation that proceeds with broad reactivity, chemoselectivity and enantioselectivity. This unified strategy advances general photoredox and enzymatic catalysis synergy and enables chemoenzymatic processes for powerful and selective oxidative transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick C Betori
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Catherine M May
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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40
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Zhou MD, Peng Z, Li L, Wang H. Visible-light-promoted organic dye catalyzed perfluoroalkylation of hydrazones under mild conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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41
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Betori RC, May CM, Scheidt KA. Combined Photoredox/Enzymatic C−H Benzylic Hydroxylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rick C. Betori
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Catherine M. May
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
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42
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Li Y, Li Y, Li Y, Chen C, Ying F, Dong Y, Liang D. Metal-free cross-dehydrogenative C–N coupling of azoles with xanthenes and related activated arylmethylenes. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1615097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunlin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Fengyuan Ying
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films, Kunming, China
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43
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Huang C, Wang JH, Qiao J, Fan XW, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Direct Arylation of Unactivated Alkanes with Heteroarenes by Visible-Light Catalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:12904-12912. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jia Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Wei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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44
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Gini A, Rigotti T, Pérez‐Ruiz R, Uygur M, Mas‐Ballesté R, Corral I, Martínez‐Fernández L, de la Peña O'Shea VA, García Mancheño O, Alemán J. Mesityl or Imide Acridinium Photocatalysts: Accessible Versus Inaccessible Charge‐Transfer States in Photoredox Catalysis. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gini
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Raúl Pérez‐Ruiz
- Photoactivated Process UnitIMDEA Energy Av. Ramón de la Sagra 3 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Mustafa Uygur
- Organic Chemistry InstituteUniversity of Mϋnster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Rubén Mas‐Ballesté
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Módulo 7Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Inés Corral
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Chemistry Department, Módulo 13Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Lara Martínez‐Fernández
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Olga García Mancheño
- Organic Chemistry InstituteUniversity of Mϋnster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7 28049 Madrid Spain
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45
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Tang F, Guan Z, He Y. Metal‐Free Regioselective Carbonylation of Imidazo[1,2‐
a
]pyridines via Photoredox Catalysis using Nitrones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yan‐Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 China
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Chiral acid-catalysed enantioselective C-H functionalization of toluene and its derivatives driven by visible light. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1774. [PMID: 30992448 PMCID: PMC6467922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Toluene and its derivatives are petroleum-derived raw materials produced from gasoline by catalytic reformation. These abundant chemical feedstocks are commonly used as solvents in organic synthesis. The C(sp3)−H functionalization of these unactivated substrates has been widely used to directly introduce benzylic motifs into diverse molecules to furnish important compounds. Despite these advances, progress in asymmetric catalysis remains underdeveloped. Here, we report photoinduced radical-based enantioselective C(sp3)−C(sp3) coupling reactions of activated ketones with toluene and its derivatives by means of chiral acid catalysis. With a La(OTf)3/pybox complex catalyst, a variety of chiral 3-hydroxy-3-benzyl-substituted 2-oxindoles, including many conventionally difficult-to-access variants, are obtained directly from isatins in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities. Acenaphthoquinone is also compatible with the use of a chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyst, leading to another series of important enantioenriched tertiary alcohols. Asymmetric transformations involving abundant chemical feedstocks such as toluene and its derivatives are rather rare. Here, the authors report the radical enantioselective C(sp3) −C(sp3) coupling of activated ketones with toluenes by means of chiral acid catalysis to afford enantioenriched tertiary alcohols.
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47
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LaMartina KB, Kuck HK, Oglesbee LS, Al-Odaini A, Boaz NC. Selective benzylic C-H monooxygenation mediated by iodine oxides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:602-609. [PMID: 30931001 PMCID: PMC6423598 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the selective monooxdiation of secondary benzylic C–H bonds is described using an N-oxyl catalyst and a hypervalent iodine species as a terminal oxidant. Combinations of ammonium iodate and catalytic N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) were shown to be effective in the selective oxidation of n-butylbenzene directly to 1-phenylbutyl acetate in high yield (86%). This method shows moderate substrate tolerance in the oxygenation of substrates containing secondary benzylic C–H bonds, yielding the corresponding benzylic acetates in good to moderate yield. Tertiary benzylic C–H bonds were shown to be unreactive under similar conditions, despite the weaker C–H bond. A preliminary mechanistic analysis suggests that this NHPI-iodate system is functioning by a radical-based mechanism where iodine generated in situ captures formed benzylic radicals. The benzylic iodide intermediate then solvolyzes to yield the product ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey B LaMartina
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Haley K Kuck
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Linda S Oglesbee
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Asma Al-Odaini
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA
| | - Nicholas C Boaz
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA.,Department of Chemistry, Frick Chemical Laboratory, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.,Permanent address: Department of Chemistry, North Central College, 30 N. Brainard Street, Naperville, IL 60540 USA; phone: +1-630-637-5187
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48
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Li H, Subbotina E, Bunrit A, Wang F, Samec JSM. Functionalized spirolactones by photoinduced dearomatization of biaryl compounds. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3681-3686. [PMID: 30996963 PMCID: PMC6438148 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05476b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of using biaryl structures to generate synthetic building blocks such as spirolactones is attractive because biaryl structures are abundant in biomass waste streams. However, the inertness of aromatic rings of biaryls makes it challenging to transform them into functionalized structures. In this work, we developed photoinduced dearomatization of nonphenolic biaryl compounds to generate spirolactones. We demonstrate that dearomatization can be performed via either aerobic photocatalysis or anaerobic photooxidation to tolerate specific synthetic conditions. In both pathways, dearomatization is induced by electrophilic attack of the carboxyl radical. The resulting spirodiene radical is captured by either oxygen or water in aerobic and anaerobic systems, respectively, to generate the spirodienone. These methods represent novel routes to synthesize spirolactones from the biaryl motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC) , Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) , Dalian 116023 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Elena Subbotina
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 , Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - Anon Bunrit
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC) , Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) , Dalian 116023 , China .
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 , Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC) , Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Joseph S M Samec
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 , Stockholm , Sweden .
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49
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Borodkin GI, Shubin VG. Progress and prospects in the use of photocatalysis for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Data on the synthesis of fluorinated organic compounds by photocatalysis are systematically considered and analyzed. The attention is focused on the mechanisms of photocatalytic reactions and the selectivity problem.
The bibliography includes 173 references.
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50
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Visible light-induced direct α C-H functionalization of alcohols. Nat Commun 2019; 10:467. [PMID: 30692540 PMCID: PMC6349847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the synthetic value of introducing active alcoholic hydroxyl group, developing C-H functionalization of alcohols is of significance. Herein, we present a photochemical method that under visible light irradiation, selectfluor can effectively promote the oxidative cross-coupling between alcohols and heteroarenes without the external photocatalysis, achieving the selective α sp3 C-H arylation of alcohol, even in the presence of ether. The N-F activation of selectfluor under blue LEDs irradiation is evidenced by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study, which is the key process for the oxidative activation of α sp3 C-H alcohols. The observed reactivity may have significant implications for chemical transformations.
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