1
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Kubo M, Yamaguchi J. Divergent Transformations of Aromatic Esters: Decarbonylative Coupling, Ester Dance, Aryl Exchange, and Deoxygenative Coupling. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1747-1760. [PMID: 38819671 PMCID: PMC11191398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusAromatic esters are cost-effective, versatile, and commonly used scaffolds that are readily synthesized or encountered as synthetic intermediates. While most conventional reactions involving these esters are nucleophilic acyl substitutions or 1,2-nucleophilic additions─where a nucleophile attacks the carbonyl group, decarbonylative transformations offer an alternative pathway by using the carbonyl group as a leaving group. This transition-metal-catalyzed process typically begins with oxidative addition of the C(acyl)-O bond to the metal. Subsequently, the reaction involves the migration of CO to the metal center, the reaction with a nucleophile, and reductive elimination to yield the final product. Pioneering work by Yamamoto on nickel complexes and the development of decarbonylative reactions (such as Mizoroki-Heck-type olefination) using aromatic carboxylic anhydrides catalyzed by palladium were conducted by de Vries and Stephan. Furthermore, reports have surfaced of decarbonylative hydrogenation of pyridyl methyl esters by Murai using ruthenium catalysts as well as Mizoroki-Heck-type reactions of nitro phenyl esters by Gooßen under palladium catalysis. Our group has been at the forefront of developing decarbonylative C-H arylations of phenyl esters with 1,3-azoles and aryl boronic acids using nickel catalysts. The key to this reaction is the use of phenyl esters, which are easy to synthesize, stabilize, and handle, allowing oxidative addition of the C(acyl)-O bond; nickel, which facilitates oxidative addition of the C(acyl)-O bond; and suitable bidentate phosphine ligands that can stabilize the intermediate. By modification of the nucleophiles, esters have been effectively utilized as electrophiles in cross-coupling reactions, encouraging the development of these nucleophiles among researchers. This Account summarizes our advancements in nucleophile development for decarbonylative coupling reactions, particularly highlighting the utilization of aromatic esters in diverse reactions such as alkenylation, intramolecular etherification, α-arylation of ketones, C-H arylation, methylation, and intramolecular C-H arylation for dibenzofuran synthesis, along with cyanation and reductive coupling. We also delve into reaction types that are distinct from typical decarbonylative reactions, including ester dance reactions, aromatic ring exchanges, and deoxygenative transformations, by focusing on the oxidative addition of the C(acyl)-O bond of the aromatic esters to the metal complex. For example, the ester dance reaction is hypothesized to undergo 1,2-translocation starting with oxidative addition to a palladium complex, leading to a sequence of ortho-deprotonation/decarbonylation, followed by protonation, carbonylation, and reductive elimination. The aromatic exchange reaction likely involves oxidative addition of complexes of different aryl electrophiles with a nickel complex. In deoxygenative coupling, an oxidative addition complex with palladium engages with a nucleophile, forming an acyl intermediate that undergoes reductive elimination in the presence of an appropriate reducing agent. These methodologies are poised to captivate the interest of synthetic chemists by offering unconventional and emerging approaches for transforming aromatic esters. Moreover, we demonstrated the potential to transform readily available basic chemicals into new compounds through organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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2
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Shimazumi R, Tobisu M. Unimolecular Fragment Coupling: A New Bond-Forming Methodology via the Deletion of Atom(s). JACS AU 2024; 4:1676-1695. [PMID: 38818052 PMCID: PMC11134393 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Unimolecular fragment coupling (UFC) is defined as a reaction format, wherein atom(s) located in the middle of a molecule are extruded, and the remaining fragments are coupled. UFC is a potentially powerful strategy that is an alternative to transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling because the target chemical bond is formed in an intramolecular fashion, which is inherently beneficial for chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity issues. In this Perspective, we will present an overview of the recent advances in UFC reactions, which encompass those proceeding through the elimination of CO2, CO, SO2, isocyanates, N2, or single atoms primarily via transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Shimazumi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative
Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary
Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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3
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Iizumi K, Tanaka H, Muto K, Yamaguchi J. Palladium-Catalyzed Denitrative Synthesis of Aryl Nitriles from Nitroarenes and Organocyanides. Org Lett 2024; 26:3977-3981. [PMID: 38683691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A denitrative cyanation of nitroarenes using organocyanides and a palladium catalyst was developed. The key for this reaction was the utilization of an aminoacetonitrile as a cyano source to avoid the generation of stoichiometric metal- and halogen-containing chemical waste. A wide range of nitroarenes, including heteroarenes and pharmaceutical molecules, can be converted into aryl nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Iizumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Kei Muto
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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Liang YF, Bilal M, Tang LY, Wang TZ, Guan YQ, Cheng Z, Zhu M, Wei J, Jiao N. Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage for Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12313-12370. [PMID: 37942891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) introduces functional group or structural modification at the final stage of the synthesis of natural products, drugs, and complex compounds. It is anticipated that late-stage functionalization would improve drug discovery's effectiveness and efficiency and hasten the creation of various chemical libraries. Consequently, late-stage functionalization of natural products is a productive technique to produce natural product derivatives, which significantly impacts chemical biology and drug development. Carbon-carbon bonds make up the fundamental framework of organic molecules. Compared with the carbon-carbon bond construction, the carbon-carbon bond activation can directly enable molecular editing (deletion, insertion, or modification of atoms or groups of atoms) and provide a more efficient and accurate synthetic strategy. However, the efficient and selective activation of unstrained carbon-carbon bonds is still one of the most challenging projects in organic synthesis. This review encompasses the strategies employed in recent years for carbon-carbon bond cleavage by explicitly focusing on their applicability in late-stage functionalization. This review expands the current discourse on carbon-carbon bond cleavage in late-stage functionalization reactions by providing a comprehensive overview of the selective cleavage of various types of carbon-carbon bonds. This includes C-C(sp), C-C(sp2), and C-C(sp3) single bonds; carbon-carbon double bonds; and carbon-carbon triple bonds, with a focus on catalysis by transition metals or organocatalysts. Additionally, specific topics, such as ring-opening processes involving carbon-carbon bond cleavage in three-, four-, five-, and six-membered rings, are discussed, and exemplar applications of these techniques are showcased in the context of complex bioactive molecules or drug discovery. This review aims to shed light on recent advancements in the field and propose potential avenues for future research in the realm of late-stage carbon-carbon bond functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Le-Yu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tian-Zhang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Gao P, Rahman MM, Zamalloa A, Feliciano J, Szostak M. Classes of Amides that Undergo Selective N-C Amide Bond Activation: The Emergence of Ground-State Destabilization. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13371-13391. [PMID: 36054817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ground-state destabilization of the N-C(O) linkage represents a powerful tool to functionalize the historically inert amide bond. This burgeoning reaction manifold relies on the availability of amide bond precursors that participate in weakening of the nN → π*C=O conjugation through N-C twisting, N pyramidalization, and nN electronic delocalization. Since 2015, acyl N-C amide bond activation through ground-state destabilization of the amide bond has been achieved by transition-metal-catalyzed oxidative addition of the N-C(O) bond, generation of acyl radicals, and transition-metal-free acyl addition. This Perspective summarizes contributions of our laboratory in the development of new ground-state-destabilized amide precursors enabled by twist and electronic activation of the amide bond and synthetic utility of ground-state-destabilized amides in cross-coupling reactions and acyl addition reactions. The use of ground-state-destabilized amides as electrophiles enables a plethora of previously unknown transformations of the amide bond, such as acyl coupling, decarbonylative coupling, radical coupling, and transition-metal-free coupling to forge new C-C, C-N, C-O, C-S, C-P, and C-B bonds. Structural studies of activated amides and catalytic systems developed in the past decade enable the view of the amide bond to change from the "traditionally inert" to "readily modifiable" functional group with a continuum of reactivity dictated by ground-state destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Alfredo Zamalloa
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Jessica Feliciano
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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6
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Liu C, Szostak M. Amide N-C Bond Activation: A Graphical Overview of Acyl and Decarbonylative Coupling. SYNOPEN 2023; 7:88-101. [PMID: 38037650 PMCID: PMC10686541 DOI: 10.1055/a-2035-6733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This Graphical Review provides an overview of amide bond activation achieved by selective oxidative addition of the N-C(O) acyl bond to transition metals and nucleophilic acyl addition, resulting in acyl and decarbonylative coupling together with key mechanistic details pertaining to amide bond distortion underlying this reactivity manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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7
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Yu H, Wang ZX. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed P(III)-Directed Aromatic C–H Acylation with Amides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14384-14393. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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8
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Matsuyama T, Yatabe T, Yabe T, Yamaguchi K. Decarbonylation of 1,2-Diketones to Diaryl Ketones via Oxidative Addition Enabled by an Electron-Deficient Au–Pd Nanoparticle Catalyst. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Matsuyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yatabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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9
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Zhang G, Miao H, Guan C, Ding C. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Decarbonylative Cyanation of Aryl Carboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12791-12798. [PMID: 36094820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The direct transformation of aryl carboxylic acids to aryl nitrile compounds is an interesting topic because carboxylic acids are not only abundant in nature but are also inexpensive and stable. Here, the synthesis of a series of aryl nitriles by palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative cyanation of carboxylic acids without base has been achieved. The successful decarbonylative cyanation of drug molecules and Gram-scale reaction to verify the practicality and operability of this method are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou 313299, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Miao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou 313299, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenfei Guan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou 313299, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengrong Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou 313299, People's Republic of China
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10
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Xu T, Li W, Zhang K, Han Y, Liu L, Huang T, Li C, Tang Z, Chen T. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cyanation of Carboxylic Acids with TMSCN. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11871-11879. [PMID: 35951542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The direct decarbonylative cyanation of benzoic acids with TMSCN was achieved through palladium catalysis. By this strategy, a wide range of nitriles including those with functional groups was synthesized in good to high yields. Moreover, this reaction applied to modifying bioactive molecules such as adapalene, probenecid, telmisartan, and 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid. These results demonstrate that this new reaction has potential synthetic value in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuhui Han
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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11
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Shimazumi R, Tanimoto R, Kodama T, Tobisu M. Palladium-Catalyzed Unimolecular Fragment Coupling of N-Allylamides via Elimination of Isocyanate. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11033-11043. [PMID: 35695391 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed unimolecular fragment coupling (UFC) is defined as processes that forge new chemical bonds through the extrusion of molecules, such as CO and CO2, and the subsequent recombination of the remaining fragments. Herein, we report on a new UFC reaction that involves the palladium-catalyzed elimination of an isocyanate fragment from an amide, with the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. An organometallic intermediate that is relevant to the catalytic reaction was characterized by X-ray crystallography. This UFC reaction enables the late-stage transformation of an amide functionality, allowing amides to be used as a convertible directing or protecting group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Shimazumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Riku Tanimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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12
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Peng Y, Isshiki R, Muto K, Yamaguchi J. Decarbonylative Reductive Coupling of Aromatic Esters by Nickel and Palladium Catalyst. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Ryota Isshiki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Kei Muto
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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13
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Luu QH, Li J. A C-to-O atom-swapping reaction sequence enabled by Ni-catalyzed decarbonylation of lactones. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1095-1100. [PMID: 35211275 PMCID: PMC8790783 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06968c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in site-selective functionalization reactions have enabled single atom changes on the periphery of a complex molecule, but reaction manifolds that enable such changes on the core framework of the molecule remain sparse. Here, we disclose a strategy for carbon-to-oxygen substitution in cyclic diarylmethanes and diarylketones to yield cyclic diarylethers. Oxygen atom insertion is accomplished by methylene and Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. To remove the carbon atom in this C-to-O "atom swap" process, we developed a nickel-catalyzed decarbonylation of lactones to yield the corresponding cyclic diaryl ethers. This reaction was enabled by mechanistic studies with stoichiometric nickel(ii) complexes that led to the optimization of a ligand capable of promoting a challenging C(sp2)-O(aryl) reductive elimination. The nickel-catalyzed decarbonylation was applied to 6-8 membered lactones (16 examples, 32-99%). Finally, a C-to-O atom-swapping reaction sequence was accomplished on a natural product and a pharmaceutical precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang H Luu
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Junqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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14
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Delcaillau T, Woenckhaus-Alvarez A, Morandi B. Nickel-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Thioethers. Org Lett 2021; 23:7018-7022. [PMID: 34433260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed cyanation of aryl thioethers using Zn(CN)2 as a cyanide source has been developed to access functionalized aryl nitriles. The ligand dcype (1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane) in combination with the base KOAc (potassium acetate) is essential for achieving this transformation efficiently. This reaction involves both a C-S bond activation and a C-C bond formation. The scalability, low catalyst and reagents loadings, and high functional group tolerance have enabled both late-stage derivatization and polymer recycling, demonstrating the reaction's utility across organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bill Morandi
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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15
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Sharma R, Yadav MR. Recent developments in decarboxylative C(aryl)-X bond formation from (hetero)aryl carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5476-5500. [PMID: 34076025 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00675d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Decarboxylative coupling reactions using readily available (hetero)aryl carboxylic acids are a highly efficient approach for the formation of new C-C and C-X bonds. These decarboxylative coupling reactions eliminate CO2 as a by-product, resulting in a greener and environmentally more benign approach than conventional coupling reactions. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in ipso-decarboxylative C-X (X = O/N/halo/S/Se/P/CN) bond formations using (hetero)aryl carboxylic acids. Furthermore, we highlight the current limitations and future research opportunities of aryl-decarboxylative coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - M Ramu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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16
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Delcaillau T, Boehm P, Morandi B. Nickel-Catalyzed Reversible Functional Group Metathesis between Aryl Nitriles and Aryl Thioethers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3723-3728. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip Boehm
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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17
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Sakurai S, Tobisu M. Palladium-catalyzed Decarbonylative Cyanation of Acyl Fluorides and Chlorides. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Sakurai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Zheng YL, Newman SG. Cross-coupling reactions with esters, aldehydes, and alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2591-2604. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This feature article describes how diverse oxygen-containing functional groups such as esters, aldehydes, and alcohols can participate in cross-coupling reactions to prepare amides, ketones, alcohols, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Zheng
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Stephen G. Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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19
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Yang F, Ding D, Wang C. Nickel-Catalyzed Directed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Phenolic Esters with Alkyl Bromides. Org Lett 2020; 22:9203-9209. [PMID: 33210932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the successful use of robust phenolic esters as an electrophilic acyl source in the reaction with diverse primary and secondary unactivated alkyl bromides. The cleavage of the relatively inert C-O bond is facilitated by the neighboring coordinating hydroxyl or sulfonamide moiety. By circumventing the use of pregenerated organometallics, this method allows efficient preparation of a variety of o-hydroxyl and tosyl-protected o-amino aryl ketones with high compatibility with a wide range of functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Decai Ding
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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20
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21
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Kanchana U, Mathew TV, Anilkumar G. Recent advances and prospects in the nickel- catalyzed cyanation. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Matsushita K, Takise R, Muto K, Yamaguchi J. Ester dance reaction on the aromatic ring. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba7614. [PMID: 32832607 PMCID: PMC7439616 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic rearrangement reactions are useful tools in the organic chemist's toolbox when generating uncommon substitution patterns. However, it is difficult to precisely translocate a functional group in (hetero) arene systems, with the exception of halogen atoms in a halogen dance reaction. Here, we describe an unprecedented "ester dance" reaction: a predictable translocation of an ester group from one carbon atom to another on an aromatic ring. Specifically, a phenyl carboxylate substituent can be shifted from one carbon to an adjacent carbon on a (hetero) aromatic ring under palladium catalysis to often give a thermodynamically favored, regioisomeric product with modest to good conversions. The obtained ester moiety can be further converted to various aromatic derivatives through the use of classic and state-of-the-art transformations including amidation, acylations, and decarbonylative couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Matsushita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takise
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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23
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Lu H, Yu TY, Xu PF, Wei H. Selective Decarbonylation via Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage. Chem Rev 2020; 121:365-411. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Tian-Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
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24
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Nakatani S, Ito Y, Sakurai S, Kodama T, Tobisu M. Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylation of Acylsilanes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7588-7594. [PMID: 32342690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed decarbonylation of acylsilanes is developed. In sharp contrast to cross-coupling reactions of acylsilanes, in which the silyl group serves as a leaving group, the silyl group is retained in the product in this decarbonylation reaction. Although the strong binding of the dissociated CO to the nickel center frequently hinders catalyst turnover in nickel-mediated decarbonylative reactions, this reaction can be catalyzed by nickel complexes bearing a CO ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syun Nakatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuri Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shun Sakurai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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25
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Singer RA, Monfette S, Bernhardson DJ, Tcyrulnikov S, Hansen EC. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Singer
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sebastien Monfette
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David J. Bernhardson
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Eric C. Hansen
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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26
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Chen Z, Wen X, Zheng W, He R, Chen D, Cao D, Long L, Ye M. Acyl Cyanides as Bifunctional Reagent: Application in Copper-Catalyzed Cyanoamidation and Cyanoesterification Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5691-5701. [PMID: 32237749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cu-catalyzed domino decyanation and cyanation reaction of acyl cyanides with amines or alcohols have been developed. The cyano sources were generated in situ via C-CN cleavage yielding the corresponding cyano substituted amides or esters in moderate to excellent yields. This approach features a cheap copper catalyst, domino decyanation and cyanation reaction, readily available starting materials, broad substrate scope, operational simplicity, and the potential for further transformation of the cyano group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Ruolan He
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Dou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Dingsheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Long
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Min Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
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27
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Wang Z, Wang X, Nishihara Y. Nickel or Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Transformations of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1234-1247. [PMID: 32125073 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylic acid derivatives containing acyl halides, anhydrides, esters, amides and acyl nitriles are highly appealing electrophiles in transition-metal-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions due to their ready availability and low cost, which can provide divergent transformations of carboxylic acids into other value-added products. In this Minireview, we focus on the recent advances of decarbonylative transformations of carboxylic acid derivatives in carbon-carbon bond formations using Ni or Pd catalysts. A series of reaction types, product classifications and reaction pathways are presented herein, which show the advantageous features of carboxylic acid derivatives as alternative to aryl or alkyl halides in terms of reactivity and compatibility. The well-accepted mechanism of nickel- or palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative transformations involves initial oxidative addition of carboxylic acid derivatives, followed by decarbonylation or transmetalation (or insertion), and reductive elimination to generate the products, thereby regenerating the catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Xiu Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 70-8530, Japan
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28
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Takahashi Y, Tsuji H, Kawatsura M. Nickel-Catalyzed Transformation of Alkene-Tethered Oxime Ethers to Nitriles by a Traceless Directing Group Strategy. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2654-2665. [PMID: 31876416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed transformation of alkene-tethered oxime ethers to nitriles using a traceless directing group strategy has been developed. A series of alkene-tethered oxime ethers derived from benzaldehyde and cinnamyl aldehyde derivatives were converted into the corresponding benzonitriles and cinnamonitriles in 46-98% yields using the nickel catalyst system. Control experiments showed that the alkene group tethered to an oxygen atom on the oximes via one methylene unit plays a key role as a traceless directing group during the catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences , Nihon University , Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku , Tokyo 156-8550 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences , Nihon University , Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku , Tokyo 156-8550 , Japan
| | - Motoi Kawatsura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences , Nihon University , Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku , Tokyo 156-8550 , Japan
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29
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Mehta MM, Boit TB, Dander JE, Garg NK. Ni-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Aliphatic Amides on the Benchtop. Org Lett 2020; 22:1-5. [PMID: 31621338 PMCID: PMC6994262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings of amides offer an approach to the synthesis of ketones that avoids the use of basic or pyrophoric nucleophiles. However, these reactions require glovebox manipulations, thus limiting their practicality. We report a benchtop protocol for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings of aliphatic amides that utilizes a paraffin capsule containing a Ni(0) precatalyst and NHC ligand. This methodology is broad in scope, is scalable, and provides a user-friendly approach to convert aliphatic amides to alkyl-aryl ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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30
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Li S, Jie K, Yan W, Pan Q, Zhang M, Wang Y, Fu Z, Guo S, Cai H. Selective C–C bond cleavage of amides fused to 8-aminoquinoline controlled by a catalyst and an oxidant. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13820-13823. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04960c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, copper-catalyzed direct C–C bond cleavage of amides fused to 8-aminoquinoline as a directing group to form urea in the presence of amines and dioxygen is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Jie
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengjiang Fu
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Shengmei Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Hu Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
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31
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Chen H, Sun S, Liu YA, Liao X. Nickel-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Halides and Hydrocyanation of Alkynes via C–CN Bond Cleavage and Cyano Transfer. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuhao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Discovery Chemistry, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Xuebin Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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32
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Srimontree W, Lakornwong W, Rueping M. Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of Silanes from Silyl Ketones. Org Lett 2019; 21:9330-9333. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Watchara Srimontree
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Waranya Lakornwong
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Tao J, Yu W, Luo J, Wang T, Ge W, Zhang Z, Yang B, Xiong F. Na2CO3-promoted thioesterification via N–C bond cleavage of amides to construct thioester derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819873514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A mild, efficient, and transition-metal-free catalytic strategy is developed to construct thioesters via selective N–C bond cleavage of Boc2-activated primary amides. This strategy is successfully carried out with stoichiometric Na2CO3 as the base and provides the corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasi Tao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Yu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Jin Luo
- Analytical and Testing Center, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Wanling Ge
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R. China
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34
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Wang Z, Wang X, Ura Y, Nishihara Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cyanation of Acyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2019; 21:6779-6784. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Xiu Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoyanshi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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35
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Zheng YL, Newman SG. Methyl Esters as Cross-Coupling Electrophiles: Direct Synthesis of Amide Bonds. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Zheng
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G. Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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36
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Lee SC, Guo L, Rueping M. Nickel-catalyzed exo-selective hydroacylation/Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14984-14987. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07558e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first nickel-catalyzed intramolecular hydroacylation/Suzuki cross coupling cascade of o-allylbenzaldehydes with a broad range of phenylboronic acid neopentyl glycol esters has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chi Lee
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- Aachen
- Germany
| | - Lin Guo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- Aachen
- Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- Aachen
- Germany
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
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37
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Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed pyridyl-directed alkenyl C–H bond functionalization with aroyl- or acryl-amides via C–H/C–N activation was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
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38
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Pan F, Boursalian GB, Ritter T. Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Difluoromethylation of Acid Chlorides at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Gregory B. Boursalian
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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39
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Pan F, Boursalian GB, Ritter T. Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Difluoromethylation of Acid Chlorides at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16871-16876. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Gregory B. Boursalian
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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40
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Chaudhari MB, Gnanaprakasam B. Recent Advances in the Metal-Catalyzed Activation of Amide Bonds. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:76-93. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moreshwar B. Chaudhari
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
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41
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Meng G, Szostak M. Palladium/NHC (NHC = N-Heterocyclic Carbene)-Catalyzed B-Alkyl Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Amides by Selective N–C Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2018; 20:6789-6793. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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42
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Ji CL, Xie PP, Hong X. Computational Study of Mechanism and Thermodynamics of Ni/IPr-Catalyzed Amidation of Esters. Molecules 2018; 23:E2681. [PMID: 30340335 PMCID: PMC6222384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel catalysis has shown remarkable potential in amide C⁻N bond activation and functionalization. Particularly for the transformation between ester and amide, nickel catalysis has realized both the forward (ester to amide) and reverse (amide to ester) reactions, allowing a powerful approach for the ester and amide synthesis. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we explored the mechanism and thermodynamics of Ni/IPr-catalyzed amidation with both aromatic and aliphatic esters. The reaction follows the general cross-coupling mechanism, involving sequential oxidative addition, proton transfer, and reductive elimination. The calculations indicated the reversible nature of amidation, which highlights the importance of reaction thermodynamics in related reaction designs. To shed light on the control of thermodynamics, we also investigated the thermodynamic free energy changes of amidation with a series of esters and amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Pei-Pei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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43
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Liu K, Tao SW, Qian C, Zhu YM. Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Arylboronic Acids and α-Iminonitriles through C-CN Bond Activation. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; 215123 Suzhou China
| | - Shou-Wei Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; 215123 Suzhou China
| | - Chun Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; 215123 Suzhou China
| | - Yong-Ming Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; 215123 Suzhou China
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44
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Liu C, Li G, Shi S, Meng G, Lalancette R, Szostak R, Szostak M. Acyl and Decarbonylative Suzuki Coupling of N-Acetyl Amides: Electronic Tuning of Twisted, Acyclic Amides in Catalytic Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Cleavage. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Guangchen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Shicheng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Guangrong Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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45
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Masson-Makdissi J, Vandavasi JK, Newman SG. Switchable Selectivity in the Pd-Catalyzed Alkylative Cross-Coupling of Esters. Org Lett 2018; 20:4094-4098. [PMID: 29939758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of phenyl esters and alkyl boranes is disclosed. Two reaction modes are rendered accessible in a selective fashion by interchange of the catalyst. With a Pd-NHC system, alkyl ketones can be prepared in good yields via a Suzuki-Miyaura reaction proceeding by activation of the C(acyl)-O bond. Use of a Pd-dcype catalyst enables alkylated arenes to be synthesized by a modified pathway with extrusion of CO. Applications of this divergent coupling strategy and the origin of the switchable selectivity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Masson-Makdissi
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Jaya Kishore Vandavasi
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , 10 Marie-Curie , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
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46
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Guo L, Rueping M. Decarbonylative Cross-Couplings: Nickel Catalyzed Functional Group Interconversion Strategies for the Construction of Complex Organic Molecules. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1185-1195. [PMID: 29652129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of carboxylic acid esters as electrophiles in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions is increasingly popular, as environmentally friendly and readily available ester derivatives can be powerful alternatives to the commonly used organohalides. However, key challenges associated with the use of these chemicals remain to be addressed, including the stability of ester substrates and the high energy barrier associated with their oxidative addition to low-valent metal species. Due to recent developments in nickel catalysis that make it easier to perform oxidative additions, chemists have become interested in applying less reactive electrophiles as coupling counterparts in nickel-catalyzed transformations. Hence, our group and others have independently investigated various ester group substitutions and functionalizations enabled by nickel catalysis. Such methods are of great interest as they enable the exchange of ester groups, which can be used as directing groups in metal-catalyzed C-H functionalizations prior to their replacement. Here, we summarize our recent efforts toward the development of nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative cross-coupling reactions of carboxylic esters. Achievements accomplished by other groups in this area are also included. To this day, a number of new transformations have been successfully developed, including decarbonylative arylations, alkylations, cyanations, silylations, borylations, aminations, thioetherifications, stannylations, and hydrogenolysis reactions. These transformations proceed via a nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative pathway and have shown a high degree of reactivity and chemoselectivity, as well as several other unique advantages in terms of substrate availability, due to the use of esters as coupling partners. Although the mechanisms of these reactions have not yet been fully understood, chemists have already provided some important insights. For example, Yamamoto explored the stoichiometric nickel-mediated decarbonylation process of esters and proposed a reaction mechanism involving a C(acyl)-O bond cleavage and a CO extrusion. Key nickel intermediates were isolated and characterized by Shi and co-workers, supporting the assumption of a nickel/ N-heterocyclic carbene-promoted C(acyl)-O bond activation and functionalization. Our combined experimental and computational study of a ligand-controlled chemoselective nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of aromatic esters with alkylboron reagents provided further insight into the reaction mechanism. We demonstrated that nickel complexes with bidentate ligands favor the C(aryl)-C bond cleavage in the oxidative addition step, resulting in decarbonylative alkylations, while nickel complexes with monodentate phosphorus ligands promote the activation of the C(acyl)-O bond, leading to the production of ketone products. Although more detailed mechanistic investigations need to be undertaken, the successful development of decarbonylative cross-coupling reactions can serve as a solid foundation for future studies. We believe that this type of decarbonylative cross-coupling reactions will be of significant value, in particularly in combination with the retrosynthetic analysis and synthesis of natural products and biologically active molecules. Thus, the presented ester substitution methods will pave the way for successful applications in the construction of complex frameworks by late-stage modification and functionalization of carboxylic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH-Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH-Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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47
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Guo L, Rueping M. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Coupling Reactions: Concepts, Classifications, and Applications. Chemistry 2018; 24:7794-7809. [PMID: 29757465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed decarbonylative coupling reactions have emerged as a powerful alternative to conventional cross-coupling protocols due to the advantages associated with the use of carbonyl-containing functionalities as coupling electrophiles instead of commonly used organohalides or sulfates. A wide variety of novel transformations based on this concept have been successfully achieved, including decarbonylative carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond forming reactions. In this Review, we summarize the recent progress in this field and present a comprehensive overview of metal-catalyzed decarbonylative coupling reactions with carbonyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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48
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Liu X, Hsiao CC, Guo L, Rueping M. Cross-Coupling of Amides with Alkylboranes via Nickel-Catalyzed C–N Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2018; 20:2976-2979. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Liu
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Chien-Chi Hsiao
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lin Guo
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Heravi MM, Panahi F, Iranpoor N. Nickel-Catalyzed Deoxycyanation of Activated Phenols via Cyanurate Intermediates with Zn(CN)2: A Route to Aryl Nitriles. Org Lett 2018; 20:2753-2756. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Panahi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Nasser Iranpoor
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
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50
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Chu CQ, Dang L. Esterification of Aryl and Alkyl Amides Enabled by Tailor-Made and Proposed Nickel Catalyst: Insights from Theoretical Investigation. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5009-5018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-qing Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Li Dang
- P. R. China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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