1
|
Liu XY, Ke BW, Qin Y, Wang FP. The diterpenoid alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 87:1-360. [PMID: 35168778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diterpenoid alkaloids are a family of extremely important natural products that have long been a research hotspot due to their myriad of intricate structures and diverse biological properties. This chapter systematically summarizes the past 11 years (2009-2019) of studies on the diterpenoid alkaloids, including the "so-called" atypical ones, covering the classification and biogenetic relationships, phytochemistry together with 444 new alkaloids covering 32 novel skeletons and the corrected structures, chemical reactions including conversion toward toxoids, synthetic studies, as well as biological activities. It should be noted that the synthetic studies, especially the total syntheses of various diterpenoid alkaloids, are for the first time reviewed in this treatise. This chapter, in combination with our four previous reviews in volumes 42, 59, 67, and 69, will present to the readers a more completed and updated profile of the diterpenoid alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Wen Ke
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aconapelsulfonines A and B, seco C20-diterpenoid alkaloids deriving via Criegee rearrangements of napelline skeleton from Aconitum carmichaelii. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
3
|
Wu Y, Shao S, Guo Q, Xu C, Xia H, Zhang T, Shi J. Aconicatisulfonines A and B, Analgesic Zwitterionic C20-Diterpenoid Alkaloids with a Rearranged Atisane Skeleton from Aconitum carmichaelii. Org Lett 2019; 21:6850-6854. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinglan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Henry MC, Senn HM, Sutherland A. Synthesis of Functionalized Indolines and Dihydrobenzofurans by Iron and Copper Catalyzed Aryl C-N and C-O Bond Formation. J Org Chem 2018; 84:346-364. [PMID: 30520304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and effective one-pot, two-step intramolecular aryl C-N and C-O bond forming process for the preparation of a wide range of benzo-fused heterocyclic scaffolds using iron and copper catalysis is described. Activated aryl rings were subjected to a highly regioselective, iron(III) triflimide-catalyzed iodination, followed by a copper(I)-catalyzed intramolecular N- or O-arylation step leading to indolines, dihydrobenzofurans, and six-membered analogues. The general applicability and functional group tolerance of this method were exemplified by the total synthesis of the neolignan natural product, (+)-obtusafuran. DFT calculations using Fukui functions were also performed, providing a molecular orbital rationale for the highly regioselective arene iodination process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyn C Henry
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - Hans Martin Senn
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pflimlin E, Bielohuby M, Korn M, Breitschopf K, Löhn M, Wohlfart P, Konkar A, Podeschwa M, Bärenz F, Pfenninger A, Schwahn U, Opatz T, Reimann M, Petry S, Tennagels N. Acute and Repeated Treatment with 5-PAHSA or 9-PAHSA Isomers Does Not Improve Glucose Control in Mice. Cell Metab 2018; 28:217-227.e13. [PMID: 29937376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid esters of hydroxylated fatty acids (FAHFAs) were discovered as a novel class of endogenous mammalian lipids whose profound effects on metabolism have been shown. In the current study, in vitro and in vivo the metabolic effects of two of these FAHFAs, namely palmitic acid-5- (or -9) -hydroxy-stearic acid (5- or 9-PAHSA, respectively) were profiled. In DIO mice fed with differentially composed low- or high-fat diets, acute and subchronic treatment with 5-PAHSA and 9-PAHSA alone, or in combination, did not significantly improve the deranged metabolic status. Neither racemic 5- or 9-PAHSA, nor the enantiomers were able to: (1) increase basal or insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in vitro, (2) stimulate GLP-1 release from GLUTag cells, or (3) induce GSIS in rat, mouse, or human islets or in a human pancreatic β cell line. Therefore, our data do not support the further development of PAHSAs or their derivatives for the control of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Pflimlin
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bielohuby
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Marcus Korn
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kristin Breitschopf
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Löhn
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paulus Wohlfart
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anish Konkar
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Podeschwa
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Bärenz
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anja Pfenninger
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Uwe Schwahn
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcel Reimann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Petry
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Norbert Tennagels
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. H821, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|