1
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Liu Y, Li Y, Yu Q, Roy S, Yu X. Review of Theoretical and Computational Studies of Bulk and Single Atom Catalysts for H 2 S Catalytic Conversion. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300732. [PMID: 38146966 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) plays a vital role in environmental protection and safety production. In this review, recent theoretical advances for catalytic conversion of H2 S are systemically summarized. Firstly, different mechanisms of catalytic conversion of H2 S are elucidated. Secondly, theoretical studies of catalytic conversion of H2 S on surfaces of metals, metal compounds, and single-atom catalysts (SACs) are systematically reviewed. In the meantime, various strategies which have been adopted to improve the catalytic performance of catalysts in the catalytic conversion of H2 S are also reviewed, mainly including facet morphology control, doped heteroatoms, metal deposition, and defective engineering. Finally, new directions of catalytic conversion of H2 S are proposed and potential strategies to further promote conversion of H2 S are also suggested: including SACs, double atom catalysts (DACs), single cluster catalysts (SCCs), frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), etc. The present comprehensive review can provide an insight for the future development of new catalysts for the catalytic conversion of H2 S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Liu
- School of Chemical & Environment Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Yuqiong Li
- School of Chemical & Environment Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Qi Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Graphene at Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Soumendra Roy
- School of Chemical & Environment Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Xiaohu Yu
- School of Chemical & Environment Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
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2
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de Azevedo Santos L, Trujillo-González DE, Jiménez-Halla JOC, Bickelhaupt FM, Solà M. Stabilization of Diborynes versus Destabilization of Diborenes by Coordination of Lewis Bases: Unravelling the Dichotomy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303185. [PMID: 37870211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
We have quantum chemically investigated the boron-boron bonds in B2 , diborynes B2 L2 , and diborenes B2 H2 L2 (L=none, OH2 , NH3 ) using dispersion-corrected relativistic density functional theory at ZORA-BLYP-D3(BJ)/TZ2P. B2 has effectively a single B-B bond provided by two half π bonds, whereas B2 H2 has effectively a double B=B bond provided by two half π bonds and one σ 2p-2p bond. This different electronic structure causes B2 and B2 H2 to react differently to the addition of ligands. Thus, in B2 L2 , electron-donating ligands shorten and strengthen the boron-boron bond whereas, in B2 H2 L2 , they lengthen and weaken the boron-boron bond. The aforementioned variations in boron-boron bond length and strength become more pronounced as the Lewis basicity of the ligands L increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Azevedo Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, AIMMS, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel E Trujillo-González
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Unversidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N Col. Noria Alta, Guanajuato, C.P. 36050, Gto., Mexico
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Oscar C Jiménez-Halla
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Unversidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N Col. Noria Alta, Guanajuato, C.P. 36050, Gto., Mexico
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, AIMMS, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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3
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Guo Y, Lian X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Chen J, Chen C, Lan X, Shao Y. Systematic Assessment of the Catalytic Reactivity of Frustrated Lewis Pairs in C-H Bond Activation. Molecules 2023; 29:24. [PMID: 38202607 PMCID: PMC10780200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Unreactive C-H bond activation is a new horizon for frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry. This study provides a systematic assessment of the catalytic reactivity of recently reported intra-molecular FLPs on the activation of typical inert C-H bonds, including 1-methylpyrrole, methane, benzyl, propylene, and benzene, in terms of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reactivity of FLPs is evaluated according to the calculated reaction thermodynamic and energy barriers of C-H bond activation processes in the framework of concerted C-H activation mechanisms. As for 1-methylpyrrole, 14 types of N-B-based and 15 types of P-B-based FLPs are proposed to be active. Although none of the evaluated FLPs are able to catalyze the C-H activation of methane, benzyl, or propylene, four types of N-B-based FLPs are suggested to be capable of catalyzing the activation of benzene. Moreover, the influence of the strength of Lewis acid (LA) and Lewis base (LB), and the differences between the influences of LA and LB on the catalytic reactivity of FLPs, are also discussed briefly. This systematic assessment of the catalytic activity of FLPs should provide valuable guidelines to aid the development of efficient FLP-based metal-free catalysts for C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Xueqi Lian
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Xueling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jun Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Changzhong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (J.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Youxiang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
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Chen J, Wang J, Wang X, Wei D, Duan Z. π-Electron Fluctuation-Induced P + /C - Ambiphilic Interaction for Intramolecular C Ar -H Bond Activation. Chemistry 2023:e202302889. [PMID: 37974486 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe how computational mechanistic understanding has led directly to the discovery of new 2H-phosphindole for C-CAr bond activation and dearomatization reaction. We uncover an unexpected intramolecular C-H bond activation with a 2H-phosphindole derivative. This new intriguing experimental observation and further theoretical studies led to an extension of the reaction mechanism with 2H-phosphindole. Through DFT calculations, we confirm that within a five-membered ring, the polarizable PC3 unit orchestrates the formation of an electrophilic phosphorus atom (P+ ) and a nucleophilic carbon atom (C- ). This kinetically accessible ambiphilic phosphorus/carbon couple is spatially separated by geometric constraints, and their reactivity is modulated through structural resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Chen
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
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Nonoxidative Coupling of Methane to Produce C 2 Hydrocarbons on FLPs of an Albite Surface. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031037. [PMID: 36770703 PMCID: PMC9920674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of active sites on the surface of albite were theoretically analyzed by density functional theory, and the activation of the C-H bond of methane using an albite catalyst and the reaction mechanism of preparing C2 hydrocarbons by nonoxidative coupling were studied. There are two frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) on the (001) and (010) surfaces of albite; they can dissociate H2 under mild conditions and show high activity for the activation of methane C-H bonds. CH4 molecules can undergo direct dissociative adsorption on the (010) surface, whereas a 50.07 kJ/mol activation barrier is needed on the (001) surface. The prepared albite catalyst has a double combination function of the (001) and (010) surfaces; these surfaces produce a spillover phenomenon in the process of CH4 activation reactions, where CH3 overflows from the (001) surface with CH3 adsorbed on the (010) surface to achieve nonoxidative high efficiently C-C coupling with an activation energy of 18.51 kJ/mol. At the same time, this spillover phenomenon inhibits deep dehydrogenation, which is conducive to the selectivity of the C2 hydrocarbons. The experimental results confirm that the selectivity of the C2 hydrocarbons is maintained above 99% in the temperature range of 873 K to 1173 K.
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6
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Patel TR, Ganguly B. Metal‐Free Catalytic Functionalization of Second −
C
sp
2
−H Bond of 1‐Methyl Pyrrole Using Bishomocubane‐Derived Aminoborane Frustrated Lewis Pairs: A Computational Study. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tulsi R. Patel
- Computation and Simulation Unit (Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility) CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute Bhavnagar 364 002 Gujarat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Computation and Simulation Unit (Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility) CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute Bhavnagar 364 002 Gujarat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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7
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Fontaine FG, Desrosiers V. Boron Lewis Pair Mediated C–H Activation and Borylation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1561-7953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the few past years, the chemistry of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) has enabled a plethora of transformations that would otherwise only be possible using transition metal catalysts. Of particular interest are C–H bond activation and borylation reactions, which are the subject of this review. The FLP borylation chemistry is compared with the early borylation methodologies using strongly electrophilic borenium ions. We present the mechanism of the C–H borylation using inter- and intramolecular Lewis pairs, along with some applications of these transformations.1 Introduction2 Electrophilic Borylation3 Intramolecular or Directed Electrophilic Borylation4 Intermolecular FLP-Mediated C–H Borylation5 Stoichiometric Borylation by Intramolecular FLPs5.1 Csp–H Borylation5.2 Csp2–H Borylation5.3 Csp3–H Borylation6 Catalytic Borylation by Intramolecular FLPs7 Catalytic Borylation by Self-Assembled FLPs8 Conclusion
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8
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Chan YC, Bai Y, Chen WC, Chen HY, Li CY, Wu YY, Tseng MC, Yap GPA, Zhao L, Chen HY, Ong TG. Synergistic Catalysis by Brønsted Acid/Carbodicarbene Mimicking Frustrated Lewis Pair-Like Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19949-19956. [PMID: 34128303 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbodicarbene (CDC), unique carbenic entities bearing two lone pairs of electrons are well-known for their strong Lewis basicity. We demonstrate herein, upon introducing a weak Brønsted acid benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as a co-modulator, CDC is remolded into a Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)-like reactivity. DFT calculation and experimental evidence show BnOH loosely interacting with the binding pocket of CDC via H-bonding and π-π stacking. Four distinct reactions in nature were deployed to demonstrate the viability of proof-of-concept as synergistic FLP/Modulator (CDC/BnOH), demonstrating enhanced catalytic reactivity in cyclotrimerization of isocyanate, polymerization process for L-lactide (LA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and dehydrosilylation of alcohols. Importantly, the catalytic reactivity of carbodicarbene is uniquely distinct from conventional NHC which relies on only single chemical feature of nucleophilicity. This finding also provides a new spin in diversifying FLP reactivity with co-modulator or co-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuna Bai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Yu Li
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Yann Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Chun Tseng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medicinal Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tiow-Gan Ong
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chan Y, Bai Y, Chen W, Chen H, Li C, Wu Y, Tseng M, Yap GPA, Zhao L, Chen H, Ong T. Synergistic Catalysis by Brønsted Acid/Carbodicarbene Mimicking Frustrated Lewis Pair‐Like Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Chen Chan
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST) Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuna Bai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Wen‐Ching Chen
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsing‐Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen‐Yu Li
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying‐Yann Wu
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei‐Chun Tseng
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Delaware Newark DE USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Hsuan‐Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicinal Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tiow‐Gan Ong
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) University Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C
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10
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Sadek O, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Lewis pairing and frustration of group 13/15 elements geometrically enforced by (ace)naphthalene, biphenylene and (thio)xanthene backbones. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5777-5805. [PMID: 33972963 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01259a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure, and reactivity of mixed group 13/group 15 compounds (E13 = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl; E15 = N, P, Sb, Bi) featuring a rigid (ace)naphthalene or (thio)xanthene backbone are discussed in this review. The backbone may either enforce or prevent E15→E13 interactions, resulting in Lewis pairing or frustration. The formation of strong E15→E13 interactions is possible upon peri-substitution of (ace)naphthalenes. This gives the opportunity to access and study highly reactive species, as exemplified by P-stabilised borenium salts and boryl radicals. In turn, rigid expanded spacers such as biphenylenes, (thio)xanthenes and dibenzofurans impose long distances and geometrically prevent E15→E13 interactions. Such P-B derivatives display ambiphilic coordination properties and frustrated Lewis pair behaviour towards small molecules, their preorganised structure favouring reversible interaction/activation. Throughout the review, the importance of the scaffold in enforcing or preventing E15→E13 interactions is highlighted and discussed based on experimental data and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Sadek
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France.
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Liu C, Li SJ, Han P, Qu LB, Lan Y. How to inverse the chemoselectivity of nucleophilic addition by using a Lewis acid/Brønsted base pair catalyst: A theoretical view. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Iashin V, Berta D, Chernichenko K, Nieger M, Moslova K, Pápai I, Repo T. Metal-Free C-H Borylation of N-Heteroarenes by Boron Trifluoride. Chemistry 2020; 26:13873-13879. [PMID: 32478432 PMCID: PMC7702085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron compounds are essential reagents in modern C-C coupling reactions. Their synthesis via catalytic C-H borylation by main group elements is emerging as a powerful tool alternative to transition metal based catalysis. Herein, a straightforward metal-free synthesis of aryldifluoroboranes from BF3 and heteroarenes is reported. The reaction is assisted by sterically hindered amines and catalytic amounts of thioureas. According to computational studies the reaction proceeds via frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) mechanism. The obtained aryldifluoroboranes are further stabilized against destructive protodeborylation by converting them to the corresponding air stable tetramethylammonium organotrifluoroborates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Iashin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiA. I. Virtasen aukio, 100014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Dénes Berta
- Institute of Organic ChemistryResearch Centre for Natural SciencesMagyar tudósok körútja 21117BudapestHungary
| | - Konstantin Chernichenko
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiA. I. Virtasen aukio, 100014HelsinkiFinland
- Present address: API Small Molecule DevelopmentJanssen Pharmaceutica N.V.Turnhoutseweg 302340BeerseBelgium
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiA. I. Virtasen aukio, 100014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Karina Moslova
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiA. I. Virtasen aukio, 100014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic ChemistryResearch Centre for Natural SciencesMagyar tudósok körútja 21117BudapestHungary
| | - Timo Repo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiA. I. Virtasen aukio, 100014HelsinkiFinland
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Zhuang D, Li Y, Zhu J. Antiaromaticity-Promoted Activation of Dihydrogen with Borole Fused Cyclooctatetraene Frustrated Lewis Pairs: A Density Functional Theory Study. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danling Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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14
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Li Y, Liu J, Huang X, Qu LB, Zhao C, Langer R, Ke Z. Lewis Acid Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Hydrogen Activation: Structures, Mechanisms, and Reactivities. Chemistry 2019; 25:13785-13798. [PMID: 31390099 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a new type of bifunctional catalyst, the Lewis acid transition-metal (LA-TM) catalysts have been widely applied for hydrogen activation. This study presents a mechanistic framework to understand the LA-TM-catalyzed H2 activation through DFT studies. The mer(trans)-homolytic cleavage, the fac(cis)-homolytic cleavage, the synergetic heterolytic cleavage, and the dissociative heterolytic cleavage should be taken as general mechanisms for the field of LA-TM catalysis. Four typical LA-TM catalysts, the Z-type κ4 -L3 B-Rh complex tri(azaindolyl)borane-Rh, the X-type κ3 -L2 B-Co complex bis-phosphino-boryl (PBP)-Co, the η2 -BC-type κ3 -L2 B-Pd complex diphosphine-borane (DPB)-Pd, and the Z-type κ2 -LB-Pt complex (boryl)iminomethane (BIM)-Pt are selected as representative models to systematically illustrate their mechanistic features and explore the influencing factors on mechanistic variations. Our results indicate that the tri(azaindolyl)borane-Rh catalyst favors the synergetic heterolytic mechanism; the PBP-Co catalyst prefers the mer(trans)-homolytic mechanism; the DPB-Pd catalyst operates through the fac(cis)-homolytic mechanism, whereas the BIM-Pt catalyst tends to undergo the dissociative heterolytic mechanism. The mechanistic variations are determined by the coordination geometry, the LA-TM bonding nature, the electronic structure of the TM center, and the flexibility or steric effect of the LA ligands. The presented mechanistic framework should provide helpful guidelines for LA-TM catalyst design and reaction developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwu Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Huang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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15
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Abstract
The study of main-group molecules that behave and react similarly to transition-metal (TM) complexes has attracted significant interest in recent decades. Most notably, the attractive idea of replacing the all-too-often rare and costly metals from catalysis has motivated efforts to develop main-group-element-mediated reactions. Main-group elements, however, lack the electronic flexibility of TM complexes that arises from combinations of empty and filled d orbitals and that seem ideally suited to bind and activate many substrates. In this review, we look at boron, an element that despite its nonmetal nature, low atomic weight, and relative redox staticity has achieved great milestones in terms of TM-like reactivity. We show how in interelement cooperative systems, diboron molecules, and hypovalent complexes the fifth element can acquire a truly metallomimetic character. As we discuss, this character is powerfully demonstrated by the reactivity of boron-based molecules with H2, CO, alkynes, alkenes and even with N2.
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16
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Shu S, Huang M, Jiang J, Qu LB, Liu Y, Ke Z. Catalyzed or non-catalyzed: chemoselectivity of Ru-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and amines via metal–ligand bond cooperation and (de)aromatization. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic origin of the chemoselectivity for Ru-catalyzed acceptorless coupling of amines and alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Shu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Meijie Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- PCFM Lab
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- PCFM Lab
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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17
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Kutter F, Lork E, Beckmann J. Frustrated Lewis Pair based on a peri
-Substituted Biphenylene Scaffold. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kutter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
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18
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Liu C, Han P, Xie Z, Xu Z, Wei D. Insights into Ag(i)-catalyzed addition reactions of amino alcohols to electron-deficient olefins: competing mechanisms, role of catalyst, and origin of chemoselectivity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40338-40346. [PMID: 35558202 PMCID: PMC9091461 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The competing mechanisms of Ag(i)-catalyzed chemoselective addition reactions of amino alcohols and electron-deficient olefins leading to the O-adduct or N-adduct products were systematically studied with density functional theory methods. Calculations indicate that the AgHMDS/dppe versus AgOAc/dppe catalytic systems can play different roles and thereby generate two different products. The AgHMDS/dppe system works as a Brønsted base to deprotonate the amino alcohol OH to form the Ag–O bond, which leads to formation of the O-adduct. In contrast, the AgOAc/dppe system mainly acts as a Lewis acid to coordinate with O and N atoms of the amino alcohol, but it cannot act as the Brønsted base to further activate the OH group because of its weaker basicity. Therefore, the AgOAc/dppe catalyzed reaction has a mechanism that is similar to the non-catalyzed reaction, and generates the same N-adduct. The obtained insights will be important for rational design of the various kinds of cooperatively catalyzed chemoselective addition reactions, including the use of the less nucleophilic hydroxyl groups of unprotected amino alcohols. The origin of the chemoselectivities of Ag(i)-catalyzed addition reactions of amino alcohols to olefin has been predicted for the first time.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xuchang University of China
- Xuchang
- P. R. China
| | - Peilin Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xuchang University of China
- Xuchang
- P. R. China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xuchang University of China
- Xuchang
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Center of Computational Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University of China
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
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19
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Liu Z, Guo J, Lu Y, Hu W, Dang Y, Wang ZX. A strategy for developing metal-free hydrogenation catalysts: a DFT proof-of-principle study. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7709-7714. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using DFT computations, a metal-free strategy has been formulated to activate hydrogen reversibly and to construct hydrogenation catalysts, calling for experimental realizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyuan Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jiandong Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
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