1
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Zhuang W, Xiao F, Chen Y, Zhang X, Huang Q. Cascade Electrochemical Aerobic Oxygenation of 2-Substituted Indoles and Electrochemical [5 + 3] Annulation with Amidines: Access to Eight-Membered Benzo[1,3,5]triazocin-6(5 H)-ones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4673-4683. [PMID: 38478890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The cascade electrochemical C3-selective aerobic oxygenation of 2-substituted indoles and electrochemical [5 + 3] annulation with amidines through an undivided cell galvanostatic method employing molecular oxygen and "electricity" as green oxidants was developed. This protocol provides an efficient and direct approach to eight-membered benzo[1,3,5]triazocin-6(5H)-ones. Mechanistic studies suggested that two subsequent electrochemical processes both proceeded through radical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Fengyi Xiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Yumei Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
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2
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Zou D, Wang W, Hu Y, Jia T. Nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as potential amino sources for the synthesis of N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2254-2271. [PMID: 36825326 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-compounds are one of the cheapest and most readily available materials in the chemical industry and are commonly utilized as versatile building blocks. Previously, the synthesis of N-heterocycles was largely based on anilines. The utilization of nitroarenes and nitroalkenes for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds can save at least one step, however, as compared to anilines. Thus, considerable attention has been paid to nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as new potential amino sources. Significant progress has been made in the reductive cyclization of nitroarenes or nitroalkenes to access various N-heterocycles in recent years. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the recent progress in the construction of N-heterocycles using nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as potential amino sources. The compatibility of the reaction substrate, its mechanism, applications, advantages, and limitations in this field are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang, University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qiantang Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang, University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| | - Tingting Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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3
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Xiong T, Zhou X, Jiang J. Dearomative oxyphosphorylation of indoles enables facile access to 2,2-disubstituted indolin-3-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5721-5725. [PMID: 35842851 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient oxidative dearomatization of indoles with H-phosphorus oxides in the presence of TEMPO oxoammonium salt has been demonstrated. Through the intramolecular oxidative dearomatization of indoles and subsequent intermolecular nucleophilic addition with phosphorus nucleophile, a variety of structurally diverse arylphosphoryl and alkylphosphoryl indolin-3-ones were obtained in good yields with a broad substrate scope and high functional-group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Xingcui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China.
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4
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Lu L, Zheng Z, Yang Y, Liu B, Yin B. Access to Polycyclic Indol(en)ines
via
Base‐Catalyzed
Intramolecular Dearomatizing
3‐Alkenylation
of Alkynyl Indoles. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Zuoliang Zheng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Yongjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Biaolin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
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5
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Dhote PS, Halnor SV, Ramana CV. Gold-Catalysed Nitroalkyne Cycloisomerization - Synthetic Utility. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3546-3558. [PMID: 34075681 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The gold-catalysed intramolecular redox cyclization of o-alkynylnitrobenzens documented by Professors Naoki Asao and Yoshinori Yamamoto is an important discovery that has opened two complementary research domains. Advancing this cyclization with other metals as well as developing new methods around the products that result from this reaction is one aspect that has seen growing interest. On the other hand, the idea of generating α-oxo gold carbenes via oxygen transfer to alkynes has established another important aspect in gold-catalysis. In this account, we will be dealing with the first aspect, which revolves around the internal redox cyclization of nitroalkynes (trivially called as nitroalkyne cycloisomerization), focusing mainly on the gold-complexes and the synthetic methods developed around it from our group and from other groups, and also providing the details of similar transformations documented with other metals so that the complementary reactivity/diversity of these transformations could be appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan S Dhote
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- National Chemical Laboratory, Dr.Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Swapnil V Halnor
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- National Chemical Laboratory, Dr.Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Chepuri V Ramana
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- National Chemical Laboratory, Dr.Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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6
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Zhou S, Liu Q, Bao M, Huang J, Wang J, Hu W, Xu X. Gold(i)-catalyzed redox transformation of o-nitroalkynes with indoles for the synthesis of 2,3′-biindole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A gold(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction of o-nitroalkynes with indoles has been reported for the rapid assembly of 2-indolyl indolone N-oxides, which exhibit high anticancer potency against SCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Ming Bao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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7
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Gao Y, Yang S, Huo Y, Hu X. Recent Progress on Reductive Coupling of Nitroarenes by Using Organosilanes as Convenient Reductants. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science School of Chemistry and Materials Science South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
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8
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Meng H, Xu Z, Qu Z, Huang H, Deng GJ. Copper(0)/PPh3-Mediated Bisheteroannulations of o-Nitroalkynes with Methylketoximes Accessing Pyrazo-Fused Pseudoindoxyls. Org Lett 2020; 22:6117-6121. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Meng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zhonghua Qu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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9
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Abe T, Kosaka Y, Kawasaki T, Ohata Y, Yamashiro T, Yamada K. Revisiting 2-Alkoxy-3-bromoindolines: Control C-2 vs. C-3 Elimination for Regioselective Synthesis of Alkoxyindoles. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:555-558. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Yuta Kosaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Takaaki Kawasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Yuki Ohata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Toshiki Yamashiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
| | - Koji Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
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10
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Zhao S, Mankad NP. Synergistic Copper-Catalyzed Reductive Aminocarbonylation of Alkyl Iodides with Nitroarenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:10106-10110. [PMID: 31802670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Neal P. Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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11
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Maier MS, Hüll K, Reynders M, Matsuura BS, Leippe P, Ko T, Schäffer L, Trauner D. Oxidative Approach Enables Efficient Access to Cyclic Azobenzenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17295-17304. [PMID: 31584272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Azobenzenes are versatile photoswitches that have found widespread use in a variety of fields, ranging from photopharmacology to the material sciences. In addition to regular azobenzenes, the cyclic diazocines have recently emerged. Although diazocines have fascinating conformational and photophysical properties, their use has been limited by their synthetic accessibility. Herein, we present a general, high-yielding protocol that relies on the oxidative cyclization of dianilines. In combination with a modular substrate synthesis, it allows for rapid access to diversely functionalized diazocines on gram scales. Our work systematically explores substituent effects on the photoisomerization and thermal relaxation of diazocines. It will enable their incorporation into a wide variety of functional molecules, unlocking the full potential of these emerging photoswitches. The method can be applied to the synthesis of a new cyclic azobenzene with a nine-membered central ring and distinct properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Maier
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
| | - Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
| | - Martin Reynders
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
| | - Bryan S Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
| | - Philipp Leippe
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Tongil Ko
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
| | - Lukas Schäffer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) , Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , 81377 Munich , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , New York University , New York , New York 10003 , United States
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