1
|
Fu R, Xu M, Wang Y, Wu X, Bao X. Organo-Photocatalytic Anti-Markovnikov Hydroamidation of Alkenes with Sulfonyl Azides: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406069. [PMID: 38630112 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The construction of C(sp3)-N bonds via direct N-centered radical addition with olefins under benign conditions is a desirable but challenging strategy. Herein, we describe an organo-photocatalytic approach to achieve anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroamidation with sulfonyl azides in a highly efficient manner under transition-metal-free and mild conditions. A broad range of substrates, including both activated and unactivated alkenes, are suitable for this protocol, providing a convenient and practical method to construct sulfonylamide derivatives. A synergistic experimental and computational mechanistic study suggests that the additive, Hantzsch ester (HE), might undergo a triplet-triplet energy transfer manner to achieve photosensitization by the organo-photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. Next, the resulted triplet excited state 3HE* could lead to a homolytic cleavage of C4-H bond, which triggers a straightforward H-atom transfer (HAT) style in converting sulfonyl azide to the corresponding key amidyl radical. Subsequently, the addition of the amidyl radical to alkene followed by HAT from p-toluenethiol could proceed to afford the desired anti-Markovnikov hydroamidation product. It is worth noting that mechanistic pathway bifurcation could be possible for this reaction. A feasible radical chain propagation mechanistic pathway is also proposed to rationalize the high efficiency of this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fu
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengyu Xu
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He Q, Zhang Q, Rolka AB, Suero MG. Alkoxy Diazomethylation of Alkenes by Photoredox-Catalyzed Oxidative Radical-Polar Crossover. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12294-12299. [PMID: 38663863 PMCID: PMC11082901 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present the discovery and development of the first photoredox-catalyzed alkoxy diazomethylation of alkenes with hypervalent iodine reagents and alcohols. This multicomponent process represents a new disconnection approach to diazo compounds and is featured by a broad scope, mild reaction conditions, and excellent selectivity. Key to the process was the generation of diazomethyl radicals, which engaged alkenes and alcohols in an inter- and intramolecular fashion by a photoredox-catalyzed oxidative radical-polar crossover leading to unexplored β-alkoxydiazo compounds. The synthetic utility of such diazo compounds was demonstrated with a series of transformations involving C-H, N-H, and O-H insertions as well as in the construction of complex sp3-rich heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan He
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Calle Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alessa B. Rolka
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marcos G. Suero
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA,
Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rastogi N, Devi L, Mishra P, Pokhriyal A. Organo-photocatalytic Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrroles from 2H-Azirines and α-Substituted Nitroalkenes. SYNOPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient organo-photocatalytic method for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrroles bearing a ketone, ester, alcohol, or nitro group at the 3-position has been developed. The reaction involves visible-light-mediated formal [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition between 2H-azirines and α-substituted nitroalkenes followed by a denitration or debromination sequence. The notable features of the protocol are excellent regioselectivity, wide substrate scope, and high yields of the products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Rastogi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Lalita Devi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Poornima Mishra
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Ayushi Pokhriyal
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Molteni L, Loro C, Christodoulou MS, Papis M, Foschi F, Beccalli EM, Broggini G. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Rearrangement of 4‐Alkenyl‐isoxazol‐5‐ones to Pyrrole Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Loro
- University of Insubria: Universita degli Studi dell'Insubria DISAT ITALY
| | | | - Marta Papis
- University of Insubria Department of Science and High Technology: Universita degli Studi dell'Insubria Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia DISAT ITALY
| | - Francesca Foschi
- University of Insubria Department of Science and High Technology: Universita degli Studi dell'Insubria Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia DISAT ITALY
| | | | - Gianluigi Broggini
- Universita degli Studi dell'Insubria Dip. di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como ITALY
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lombardi L, Kovtun A, Mantovani S, Bertuzzi G, Favaretto L, Bettini C, Palermo V, Melucci M, Bandini M. Visible-Light Assisted Covalent Surface Functionalization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets with Arylazo Sulfones. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200333. [PMID: 35319124 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We present an environmentally benign methodology for the covalent functionalization (arylation) of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets with arylazo sulfones. A variety of tagged aryl units were conveniently accommodated at the rGO surface via visible-light irradiation of suspensions of carbon nanostructured materials in aqueous media. Mild reaction conditions, absence of photosensitizers, functional group tolerance and high atomic fractions (XPS analysis) represent some of the salient features characterizing the present methodology. Control experiments for the mechanistic elucidation (Raman analysis) and chemical nanomanipulation of the tagged rGO surfaces are also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) - CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Mantovani
- Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) - CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Bertuzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Favaretto
- Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) - CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristian Bettini
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) - CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Melucci
- Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) - CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Battaglioli S, Bertuzzi G, Pedrazzani R, Benetti J, Valenti G, Montalti M, Monari M, Bandini M. Visible‐Light‐Assisted Synthesis of Allylic Triflamides via Dual Acridinium/Co Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Battaglioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Giulio Bertuzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Riccardo Pedrazzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Jessica Benetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Magda Monari
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis – C3, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 – Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yaragorla S, Latha DS, Rajesh P. Calcium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination‐Deacylation Reaction of in situ formed
β
‐Amino Allenes. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Yaragorla
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Dandugula Sneha Latha
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Pallava Rajesh
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong K, Humeidi A, Griffith W, Arman H, Xu X, Doyle MP. Ag
I
‐Catalyzed Reaction of Enol Diazoacetates and Imino Ethers: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyong Dong
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Ahmad Humeidi
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Wendell Griffith
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu Y, Battaglioli S, Lombardi L, Menichetti A, Valenti G, Montalti M, Bandini M. Visible-Light Photoredox Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Synthesis of Allylic Carboxylates from Styrenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:4441-4446. [PMID: 34032451 PMCID: PMC8289305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The visible-light photoredox/[Co(III)] cocatalyzed dehydrogenative functionalization of cyclic and acyclic styryl derivatives with carboxylic acids is documented. The methodology enables the chemo- and regioselective allylic functionalization of styryl compounds, leading to allylic carboxylates (32 examples) under stoichiometric acceptorless conditions. Intermolecular as well as intramolecular variants are documented in high yields (up to 82%). A mechanistic rationale is also proposed on the basis of a combined experimental and spectroscopic investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Battaglioli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lombardi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Menichetti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Consorzio
CINMPIS, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu L, Liu Y, Wan JP. Pd-Catalyzed Triple-Fold C(sp 2)-H Activation with Enaminones and Alkenes for Pyrrole Synthesis via Hydrogen Evolution. Org Lett 2021; 23:4363-4367. [PMID: 34013729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of NH-free pyrroles via Pd-catalyzed annulation of enaminones and alkenes is reported. With the catalysis of Pd(II), the activation of triple C(sp2)-H bonds, including one internal C(sp2)-H bond in enaminone, has been activated to provide various pyrroles. The interesting evolution of hydrogen gas from the reactions has been observed by a hydrogen detector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiqing Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dong K, Humeidi A, Griffith W, Arman H, Xu X, Doyle MP. Ag I -Catalyzed Reaction of Enol Diazoacetates and Imino Ethers: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13394-13400. [PMID: 33831277 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented AgI -catalyzed efficient method for the coupling of imino ethers and enol diazoacetates through a [3+2]-cycloaddition/C-O bond cleavage/[1,5]-proton transfer cascade process is reported. The general class of imino ethers that includes oxazolines, benzoxazoles and benzimidates are applicable substrates for these reactions that provide direct access to fully substituted pyrroles with uniformly high chemo- and regioselectivity. High variability in substitution at the pyrrole 2-, 5- and N-positions characterizes this methodology that also presents an entry point for further pyrrole diversification via facile modification of resulting N-functional pyrroles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyong Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Ahmad Humeidi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Wendell Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pokhriyal A, Singh Karki B, Kant R, Rastogi N. Redox-Neutral 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of 2 H-Azirines with 2,4,6-Triarylpyrylium Salts under Visible Light Irradiation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4661-4670. [PMID: 33677969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel visible light mediated redox-neutral 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2H-azirines with 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate salts providing tetrasubstituted pyrroles has been developed. The 2,4,6-triarylpyrylium salt acts as dipolarophile as well as photosensitizer in the reaction, under blue light irradiation. The control experiments indicated single electron oxidation of 2H-azirines by photoexcited pyrylium salts, followed by coupling between an azaallenyl radical cation and triarylpyranyl radical as the key mechanistic feature. The mild conditions, wide substrate scope, and complete regioselectivity are the noticeable attributes of the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhupal Singh Karki
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Namrata Rastogi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Philkhana SC, Badmus FO, Dos Reis IC, Kartika R. Recent Advancements in Pyrrole Synthesis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021; 53:1531-1555. [PMID: 34366491 PMCID: PMC8340853 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review article features selected examples on the synthesis of functionalized pyrroles that were reported between 2014 and 2019. Pyrrole is an important nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle that can be found in numerous compounds of biological and material significance. Given its vast importance, pyrrole continues to be an attractive target for the development of new synthetic reactions. The contents of this article are organized by the starting materials, which can be broadly classified into four different types: substrates bearing π-systems, substrates bearing carbonyl and other polar groups, and substrates bearing heterocyclic motifs. Brief discussions on plausible reaction mechanisms for most transformations are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Chandra Philkhana
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Fatimat O Badmus
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Isaac C Dos Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Organic Azides: Versatile Synthons in Transition Metal‐Catalyzed C(
sp
2
)−H Amination/Annulation for N‐Heterocycle Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
15
|
Zhang M, Lan H, Li N, Zhong Q, Zhu H, Liu C, Zhao H. Photocatalyst-Free Singlet Oxygen-Induced Oxygenation: A Strategy for the Preparation of 5-Cyano-2-pyridones Driven by Blue-Light Irradiation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8279-8286. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Hanyang Lan
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Qidi Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China
| | - Hongwu Zhao
- College of Life Science and Bio-engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Luo K, Mao S, He K, Yu X, Pan J, Lin J, Shao Z, Jin Y. Highly Regioselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyrroles via Ag-Catalyzed [4+1C]insert Cascade. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiu Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Kun He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xianglin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Junhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Zhihui Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Medicinal for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| |
Collapse
|