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Tang J, Wu L, Fan X, Dong X, Li X, Xie Y, Li J, Rao J, Li T, Gan W. Superstrong, sustainable, origami wood paper enabled by dual-phase nanostructure regulation in cell walls. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado5142. [PMID: 39058784 PMCID: PMC11277399 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado5142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Constructing a crystalline-amorphous hybrid structure is an effective strategy to overcome the conflict between the strength and toughness of materials. However, achieving such a material structure often involves complex, energy-intensive processing. Here, we leverage the natural wood featuring coexisting crystalline and amorphous regions to achieve superstrong and ultratough wood paper (W-paper) via a dual-phase nanostructure regulation strategy. After partially removing amorphous hemicellulose and eliminating most lignin, the treated wood can self-densify through an energy-efficient air drying, resulting in a W-paper with high tensile strength, toughness, and folding endurance. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal the underlying deformation mechanism of the crystalline and amorphous regions inside cell walls and the failure mechanism of the W-paper under tension. Life cycle assessment reveals that W-paper shows a lower environmental impact than commercial paper and common plastics. This dual-phase nanostructure regulation based on natural wood may provide valuable insights for developing high-performance and sustainable film materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Lianping Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Xueqin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yanjun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiancun Rao
- AIM Lab, Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Wentao Gan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
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2
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Akpan EI, Mohamadreza NT, Pirro C, Wetzel B. Controlled Interlayer Binding and Healing Improve the Transverse Properties of Upcycled Disposable Waste Wood. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39042040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Recovery and reuse of bulk waste wood are particularly challenging because of usage defects and contaminations. Here, we present a robust and efficient strategy for regenerating used wood veneers into high-performance structural materials through micro/nano interface manipulation. Our approach involves using cellulose-based interlayers to bind together two waste wood plates without an external adhesive by partially dissolving and regenerating the interlayer using a solution of ionic liquids and dimethyl sulfoxide. The mechanical properties of the regenerated wood exceed that of natural wood, displaying over a 16 and 20 times increase in transverse tensile strength and modulus, respectively, and 4-6 times improvement in longitudinal tensile strength and modulus. Nanoscale mechanical analyses show that the improvement is possible as a result of several factors, including the robust network structure of the interlayer, the good adhesion at the wood-interlayer interface, the compacted wood structure, and the low stiffness and deformation gradients between the interlayer and the wood structure. The interlayers can be created from waste papers and wood particles by taking advantage of the nanofibrillar structure of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Isaac Akpan
- Department of Material Science, Leibniz-Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Nasirzade Tabrizi Mohamadreza
- Department of Material Science, Leibniz-Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Claudius Pirro
- Department of Material Science, Leibniz-Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Bernd Wetzel
- Department of Material Science, Leibniz-Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
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Wang S, Chen M, Hu Y, Yi Z, Lu A. Aqueous Cellulose Solution Adhesive. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5870-5878. [PMID: 38608135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In the context of sustainable development, research on a biomass-based adhesive without chemical modification as a substitute for petroleum-based adhesive is now crucial. It turns out to be challenging to guarantee a simple and sustainable method to produce high-quality adhesives and subsequently manufacture multifunctional composites. Herein, the inherent properties of cellulose were exploited to generate an adhesive based on a cellulose aqueous solution. The adhesion is simple to prepare structurally and functionally complex materials in a single process. Cellulose-based daily necessities including straws, bags, and cups were prepared by adhering cellulose films, and smart devices like actuators and supercapacitors assembled by adhering hydrogels were also demonstrated. In addition, the composite boards bonded with natural biomass wastes, such as wood chips, displayed significantly stronger mechanical properties than the natural wood or commercial composite boards. Cellulose aqueous adhesives provide a straightforward, feasible, renewable, and inventive bonding technique for material shaping and the creation of multipurpose devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Minzhang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Yi
- College of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan 614000, P. R. China
| | - Ang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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Quan L, Shi X, Zhang J, Shu Z, Zhou L. Preparation of a Novel Lignocellulose-Based Aerogel by Partially Dissolving Medulla Tetrapanacis via Ionic Liquid. Gels 2024; 10:138. [PMID: 38391468 PMCID: PMC10888322 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel lignocellulosic aerogel, MT-LCA, was successfully prepared from MT by undergoing partial dissolution in an ionic liquid, coagulation in water, freezing in liquid nitrogen, and subsequent freeze-drying. The MT-LCA preserves its original honeycomb-like porous structure, and the newly formed micropores contribute to increased porosity and specific surface area. FT-IR analysis reveals that MT, after dissolution and coagulation, experiences no chemical reactions. However, a change in the crystalline structure of cellulose is observed, transitioning from cellulose I to cellulose II. Both MT and MT-LCA demonstrate a quasi-second-order kinetic process during methylene blue adsorption, indicative of chemical adsorption. The Langmuir model proves to be more appropriate for characterizing the methylene blue adsorption process. Both adsorbents exhibit monolayer adsorption, and their effective adsorption sites are uniformly distributed. The higher porosity, nanoscale micropores, and larger pore size in MT-LCA enhance its capillary force, providing efficient directional transport performance. Consequently, the prepared MT-LCA displays exceptional compressive performance and efficient directional transport capabilities, making it well-suited for applications requiring high compressive performance and selective directional transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Quan
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xueqian Shi
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhuju Shu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Lab of State Forest and Grassland Administration on Wood Quality Improvement & Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
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Han X, Wang X, Tian W, Wang Y, Wang J, Lam F, Jiang S. A Strong, Tough and Fire-Retardant Biomimetic Multifunctional Wooden Laminate. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4063. [PMID: 37896308 PMCID: PMC10610539 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mildly delignified wood showed a well-preserved wood cell wall framework, and its derived compressed materials demonstrate excellent mechanical properties and advanced functional material potential. Here, we proposed a simple yet effective approach for making strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate by a three-step process of mild delignification, infiltrating potassium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate (PFBS), and hot-pressing to densify the material. PFBS can be infiltrated into the micro/nano-structures of the mildly delignified wood to achieve a good flame-resistant protective barrier. Flame retardant tests showed that this strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate has a superior flame-retardant performance to natural wood. Additionally, the wooden laminate also exhibits a simultaneously enhanced tensile strength (175.6 MPa vs. 89.9 MPa for natural wood) and toughness (22.9 MJ m-3vs. 10.9 MJ m-3 for natural wood). Given these attributes, the resulting wooden laminates are identified as promising candidates for high-performance structural applications, fulfilling stringent requirements for both mechanical resilience and flame-retardant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiangbo Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Frank Lam
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Jeon Y, Kim D, Lee S, Lee K, Ko Y, Kwon G, Park J, Kim UJ, Hwang SY, Kim J, You J. Multiscale Porous Carbon Materials by In Situ Growth of Metal-Organic Framework in the Micro-Channel of Delignified Wood for High-Performance Water Purification. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2695. [PMID: 37836336 PMCID: PMC10574260 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbon materials are suitable as highly efficient adsorbents for the treatment of organic pollutants in wastewater. In this study, we developed multiscale porous and heteroatom (O, N)-doped activated carbon aerogels (CAs) based on mesoporous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals and wood using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation, in situ synthesis, and carbonization/activation. The surface carboxyl groups in a TEMPO-oxidized wood (TW) can provide considerably large nucleation sites for ZIF-8. Consequently, ZIF-8, with excellent porosity, was successfully loaded into the TW via in situ growth to enhance the specific surface area and enable heteroatom doping. Thereafter, the ZIF-8-loaded TW was subjected to a direct carbonization/activation process, and the obtained activated CA, denoted as ZIF-8/TW-CA, exhibited a highly interconnected porous structure containing multiscale (micro, meso, and macro) pores. Additionally, the resultant ZIF-8/TW-CA exhibited a low density, high specific surface area, and excellent organic dye adsorption capacity of 56.0 mg cm-3, 785.8 m2 g-1, and 169.4 mg g-1, respectively. Given its sustainable, scalable, and low-cost wood platform, the proposed high-performance CA is expected to enable the substantial expansion of strategies for environmental protection, energy storage, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Jeon
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Dabum Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Suji Lee
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Kangyun Lee
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Youngsang Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Goomin Kwon
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ung-Jin Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmok You
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea (S.Y.H.)
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7
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Zhang Z, Tao F, Ji H. Valorization of Boehmeria nivea stalk towards multipurpose fractionation: furfural, pulp, and phenolic monomers. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:99. [PMID: 37308943 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most abundant bioresource in nature, the value-added utilization of lignocellulosic biomass is limited due to its inherent stubbornness. Pretreatment is a necessary step to break down the recalcitrance of cell walls and achieve an efficient separation of three main components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin). RESULTS In this study, hemicelluloses and lignin in Boehmeria nivea stalks were selectively extracted with a recyclable acid hydrotrope, an aqueous solution of P-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH). 79.86% of hemicelluloses and 90.24% of lignin were removed under a mild pretreatment condition, C80T80t20, (acid concentration of 80 wt%, pretreatment temperature and time of 80 °C and 20 min, respectively). After ultrasonic treatment for 10 s, the residual cellulose-rich solid was directly converted into pulp. Subsequently, the latter was utilized to produce paper via mixing with softwood pulp. The prepared handsheets with a pulp addition of 15 wt% displayed higher tear strength (8.31 mN m2/g) and tensile strength (8.03 Nm/g) than that of pure softwood pulp. What's more, the hydrolysates of hemicelluloses and the extracted lignin were transformed to furfural and phenolic monomers with yields of 54.67% and 65.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The lignocellulosic biomass, Boehmeria nivea stalks, were valorized to pulp, furfural, and phenolic monomers, successfully. And a potential solution of comprehensive utilization of Boehmeria nivea stalks was provided in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Furong Tao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Hairui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
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Koskela S, Wang S, Li L, Zha L, Berglund LA, Zhou Q. An Oxidative Enzyme Boosting Mechanical and Optical Performance of Densified Wood Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205056. [PMID: 36703510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nature has evolved elegant ways to alter the wood cell wall structure through carbohydrate-active enzymes, offering environmentally friendly solutions to tailor the microstructure of wood for high-performance materials. In this work, the cell wall structure of delignified wood is modified under mild reaction conditions using an oxidative enzyme, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO). LPMO oxidation results in nanofibrillation of cellulose microfibril bundles inside the wood cell wall, allowing densification of delignified wood under ambient conditions and low pressure into transparent anisotropic films. The enzymatic nanofibrillation facilitates microfibril fusion and enhances the adhesion between the adjacent wood fiber cells during densification process, thereby significantly improving the mechanical performance of the films in both longitudinal and transverse directions. These results improve the understanding of LPMO-induced microstructural changes in wood and offer an environmentally friendly alternative for harsh chemical treatments and energy-intensive densification processes thus representing a significant advance in sustainable production of high-performance wood-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salla Koskela
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Shennan Wang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lengwan Li
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Li Zha
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Qi Zhou
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
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Wang J, Han X, Wu W, Wang X, Ding L, Wang Y, Li S, Hu J, Yang W, Zhang C, Jiang S. Oxidation of cellulose molecules toward delignified oxidated hot-pressed wood with improved mechanical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123343. [PMID: 36682656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Wooden building materials have advantages in terms of biodegradability, non-toxicity, pollution-free and recycling. Currently, applications of natural wood are extremely limited because of low density, low strength and toughness. Therefore, we reported an effective modification strategy with nano-scale cellulose nanofibrils design to prepare a synergistically enhanced cellulosic material. Via three steps: i) the secondary alcohol hydroxyl groups in C2, C3 position were cut; ii) oxidize the hydroxyl group at C2, C3 position to achieve dialdehyde cellulose; and iii) oxidized again to obtain dicarboxylic cellulose. Subsequently, thanks to the regulation of the average moisture content, the moisture content in the wood surface and subsurface increased in a short time. The wood softening layer contributes to the hotpressing treatment of the wood. The mechanical properties and dimensionality have been greatly improved. The obtained delignified oxidated hot-pressed wood with 0.55 mmol/g carboxyl group content demonstrates excellent strength of 328.8 ± 7.43 MPa and Young's modulus of 8.1 ± 0.14 GPa, which is twice than that of natural wood. Delignified oxidated hot-pressed wood also shows exceptional toughness of 8.3 ± 0.28 MJ/m3. Other than that, the shore hardness indicates 0.55 mmol/g carboxylic group, which could increase the hardness at the wood surface hardness to 72.5 ± 4.29°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Weijie Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linhu Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610000, China.
| | - Jiapeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Fujian Province University, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China
| | - Weisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of Fujian Province University, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China.
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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10
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Chutturi M, Gillela S, Yadav SM, Wibowo ES, Sihag K, Rangppa SM, Bhuyar P, Siengchin S, Antov P, Kristak L, Sinha A. A comprehensive review of the synthesis strategies, properties, and applications of transparent wood as a renewable and sustainable resource. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161067. [PMID: 36565890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The uncertainties of the environment and the emission levels of nonrenewable resources have compelled humanity to develop sustainable energy savers and sustainable materials. One of the most abundant and versatile bio-based structural materials is wood. Wood has several promising advantages, including high toughness, low thermal conductivity, low density, high Young's modulus, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. Furthermore, while wood has many ecological and structural advantages, it does not meet optical transparency requirements. Transparent wood is ideal for use in various industries, including electronics, packaging, automotive, and construction, due to its high transparency, haze, and environmental friendliness. As a necessary consequence, current research on developing fine wood is summarized in this review. This review begins with an explanation of the history of fine wood. The concept and various synthesis strategies, such as delignification, refractive index measurement methods, and transparent lumber polymerization, are discussed. Approaches and techniques for the characterization of transparent wood are outlined, including microscopic, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Furthermore, the characterization, physical properties, mechanical properties, optical properties, and thermal conductivity of transparent wood are emphasized. Eventually, a brief overview of the various applications of fine wood is presented. The present review summarized the first necessary actions toward future transparent wood applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Chutturi
- Department of Forest Products and Utilization, Forest College and Research Institute, Hyderabad 502279, Telangana, India
| | - Swetha Gillela
- Department of Forest Products and Utilization, Forest College and Research Institute, Hyderabad 502279, Telangana, India
| | - Sumit Manohar Yadav
- Department of Forest Products and Utilization, Forest College and Research Institute, Hyderabad 502279, Telangana, India; Centre of Advanced Materials, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Eko Setio Wibowo
- Research Center for Biomaterials, National Research and Innovation of Indonesia, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Department of Wood and Paper Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kapil Sihag
- Department of Forest Products and Utilization, Forest College and Research Institute, Hyderabad 502279, Telangana, India
| | - Sanjay Mavinkere Rangppa
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), 10800 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prakash Bhuyar
- International College (MJU-IC), Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), 10800 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Petar Antov
- Faculty of Forest Industry, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lubos Kristak
- Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Arijit Sinha
- Department of Wood Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, 234 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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11
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Yang R, Dong A, Meng X, Sheng Y, Wang F, Xia C, Aladejana JT, Fang Z, Zhao R, Zhan X, Li J. Ultra-Thin Wood-Based Acoustic Diaphragms Fabricated via an Environmentally Friendly Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47089-47099. [PMID: 36194129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An acoustic diaphragm is a crucial component that regulates sound quality in earphones and loudspeakers. Natural wood with inherent good acoustic resonance and vibration spectrum is widely used in sound devices. However, using natural wood to produce an acoustic diaphragm is still a big challenge because making ultra-thin wood is hard and it warps easily. Therefore, this study introduces a new method for preparing ultra-thin wood acoustic diaphragms less than 10 μm in thickness, relying on delignification, sulfonation, and densifying techniques. The innovative sulfonation process increased the intermolecular hydrogen bond force, which significantly improved the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the wood diaphragm, up to 195 MPa and 27.1 GPa, respectively. Compared with the commonly used diaphragms in the market, this wood diaphragm exhibits an excellent specific dynamic elastic modulus up to 95.1 GPa/g cm3, indicating better acoustic properties. Also, the resonance frequency was up to 1240 Hz, 4.5 times higher than the titanium diaphragm among high-end products. Besides, the drying shrinkage rate of the ultra-thin wood diaphragm is only 1.2%, indicating excellent dimensional stability. This high-quality wood acoustic diaphragm has a very high application prospect and outstanding attributes for promoting the development of acoustic devices. Moreover, the reaction reagent can be recycled after preparation, and the selected reagents are green and environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
- Dehua Tubaobao New Decoration Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou313200, China
| | - Anran Dong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
| | - Xiangzhen Meng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
| | - Yequan Sheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
| | - John Tosin Aladejana
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
- Dehua Tubaobao New Decoration Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou313200, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Material and Green Manufacture, Yantai264006, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Nanjing META Technology Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu210034, China
| | - Xianxu Zhan
- Dehua Tubaobao New Decoration Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou313200, China
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210037, China
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing100083, China
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12
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Pasquier E, Mattos BD, Koivula H, Khakalo A, Belgacem MN, Rojas OJ, Bras J. Multilayers of Renewable Nanostructured Materials with High Oxygen and Water Vapor Barriers for Food Packaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30236-30245. [PMID: 35727693 PMCID: PMC9815692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural biopolymers have become key players in the preparation of biodegradable food packaging. However, biopolymers are typically highly hydrophilic, which imposes limitations in terms of barrier properties that are associated with water interactions. Here, we enhance the barrier properties of biobased packaging using multilayer designs, in which each layer displays a complementary barrier function. Oxygen, water vapor, and UV barriers were achieved using a stepwise assembly of cellulose nanofibers, biobased wax, and lignin particles supported by chitin nanofibers. We first engineered several designs containing CNFs and carnauba wax. Among them, we obtained low water vapor permeabilities in an assembly containing three layers, i.e., CNF/wax/CNF, in which wax was present as a continuous layer. We then incorporated a layer of lignin nanoparticles nucleated on chitin nanofibrils (LPChNF) to introduce a complete barrier against UV light, while maintaining film translucency. Our multilayer design which comprised CNF/wax/LPChNF enabled high oxygen (OTR of 3 ± 1 cm3/m2·day) and water vapor (WVTR of 6 ± 1 g/m2·day) barriers at 50% relative humidity. It was also effective against oil penetration. Oxygen permeability was controlled by the presence of tight networks of cellulose and chitin nanofibers, while water vapor diffusion through the assembly was regulated by the continuous wax layer. Lastly, we showcased our fully renewable packaging material for preservation of the texture of a commercial cracker (dry food). Our material showed functionality similar to that of the original packaging, which was composed of synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pasquier
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, Aalto, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Bruno D. Mattos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, Aalto, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Hanna Koivula
- Department
of Food and Nutrition and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjöobergin katu 2, P.O. Box 66, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexey Khakalo
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tietotie 4E, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mohamed Naceur Belgacem
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75000 Paris, France
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, Aalto, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Departments
of Chemistry and Departments of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julien Bras
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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13
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Li K, Zhao L, Ren J, He B. Interpretation of Strengthening Mechanism of Densified Wood from Supramolecular Structures. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134167. [PMID: 35807412 PMCID: PMC9268594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, densified wood was prepared by hot pressing after partial lignin and hemicellulose were removed through alkaline solution cooking. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of densified wood were improved up to 398.5 MPa and 22.5 GPa as compared with the original wood, and the characterization of its supramolecular structures showed that the crystal plane spacing of the densified wood decreased, the crystallite size increased, and the maximum crystallinity (CI) of cellulose increased by 15.05%; outstandingly, the content of O(6)H⋯O(3′) intermolecular H-bonds increased by approximately one-fold at most. It was found that the intermolecular H-bond content was significantly positively correlated with the tensile strength and elastic modulus, and accordingly, their Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.952 (p < 0.01) and 0.822 (p < 0.05), respectively. This work provides a supramolecular explanation for the enhancement of tensile strength of densified wood.
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15
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Konch T, Dutta T, Buragohain M, Raidongia K. Remarkable Rate of Water Evaporation through Naked Veins of Natural Tree Leaves. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20379-20387. [PMID: 34395986 PMCID: PMC8359162 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the form of leaves, nature designs the finest photothermal evaporators, and the tremendous evaporation efficiency of leaves is supported by a precisely designed network of veins. Here, we have demonstrated that the vein network of a natural leaf can be extracted through a simple water-assisted digestion process and exploited for low-energy steam generation. The naked leaf veins exhibit a remarkable flux (evaporation rate, 1.5 kg·m-2·h-1) of capillary evaporation under ambient conditions (25 °C and 30% RH), close to the photothermal material-based evaporators reported in the recent literature. Even inside a dark box, naked veins exhibit an evaporation rate up to 4.5 kg·m-2·h-1 (at 30% relative humidity (RH) and a wind speed of 22 km·h-1). The mechanistic studies performed with variable atmospheric conditions (temperature, humidity, and wind speed) suggest the evaporation process through the naked veins to be a kinetic-limited process. Naked veins with remarkable evaporation efficiency are found to be suitable for applications like water desalination and streaming potential harvesting. Experiments with the naked veins also unveiled that the biofluidic channels in leaves not only exhibit the characteristics of surface charge-governed ionic transport but also support an exceptional water transport velocity of 1444 μm·s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tukhar
Jyoti Konch
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Trisha Dutta
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Madhurjya Buragohain
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kalyan Raidongia
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of
Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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16
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Yu K, Balasubramanian S, Pahlavani H, Mirzaali MJ, Zadpoor AA, Aubin-Tam ME. Spiral Honeycomb Microstructured Bacterial Cellulose for Increased Strength and Toughness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50748-50755. [PMID: 33112612 PMCID: PMC7662910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural materials, such as nacre and silk, exhibit both high strength and toughness due to their hierarchical structures highly organized at the nano-, micro-, and macroscales. Bacterial cellulose (BC) presents a hierarchical fibril structure at the nanoscale. At the microscale, however, BC nanofibers are distributed randomly. Here, BC self-assembles into a highly organized spiral honeycomb microstructure giving rise to a high tensile strength (315 MPa) and a high toughness value (17.8 MJ m-3), with pull-out and de-spiral morphologies observed during failure. Both experiments and finite-element simulations indicate improved mechanical properties resulting from the honeycomb structure. The mild fabrication process consists of an in situ fermentation step utilizing poly(vinyl alcohol), followed by a post-treatment including freezing-thawing and boiling. This simple self-assembly production process is highly scalable, does not require any toxic chemicals, and enables the fabrication of light, strong, and tough hierarchical composite materials with tunable shape and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Yu
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience,
Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Srikkanth Balasubramanian
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience,
Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Helda Pahlavani
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and
Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad J. Mirzaali
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and
Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A. Zadpoor
- Department
of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and
Materials Engineering, Delft University
of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience,
Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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