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Roy A, Patil D, Yarlagadda PKDV, Chatterjee K. Cooperative stiffening of flexible high aspect ratio nanostructures impart mechanobactericidal activity to soft substrates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:2127-2138. [PMID: 37703682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how bacteria interact with surfaces with micrometer and/or sub-micrometer roughness is critical for developing antibiofouling and bactericidal topographies. A primary research focus in this field has been replicating and emulating bioinspired nanostructures on various substrates to investigate their mechanobactericidal potential. Yet, reports on polymer substrates, especially with very high aspect ratios, have been rare, despite their widespread use in our daily lives. Specifically, the role of a decrease in stiffness with an increase in the aspect ratio of nanostructures may be consequential for the mechanobactericidal mechanism, which is biophysical in nature. Therefore, this work reports on generating bioinspired high aspect ratio nanostructures on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces to study and elucidate their antibacterial and antibiofouling properties. Biomimetic nanotopographies with variable aspect ratios were generated via maskless dry etching of PET in oxygen plasma. It was found that both high and low-aspect ratio structures effectively neutralized Gram-negative bacterial contamination by imparting damage to their membranes but were unable to inactivate Gram-positive cells. Notably, the clustering of the soft, flexible tall nanopillars resulted in cooperative stiffening, as revealed by the nanomechanical behavior of the nanostructures and validated with the help of finite element simulations. Moreover, external capillary forces augmented the killing efficiency by enhancing the strain on the bacterial cell wall. Finally, experimental and computational investigation of the durability of the nanostructured surfaces showed that the structures were robust enough to withstand forces encountered in daily life. Our results demonstrate the potential of the single-step dry etching method for the fabrication of mechanobactericidal topographies and their potential in a wide variety of applications to minimize bacterial colonization of soft substrates like polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindo Roy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Deepak Patil
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India; Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | | | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India.
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2
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Yadav TC, Bachhuka A. Tuning foreign body response with tailor-engineered nanoscale surface modifications: fundamentals to clinical applications. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7834-7854. [PMID: 37528807 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials are omnipresent in today's healthcare services and are employed in various applications, including implants, sensors, healthcare accessories, and drug delivery systems. Unfavorable host immunological responses frequently jeopardize the efficacy of biomaterials. As a result, surface modification has received much attention in controlling inflammatory responses since it helps camouflage the biomaterial from the host immune system, influencing the foreign body response (FBR) from protein adsorption to fibrous capsule formation. Surfaces with controlled nanotopography and chemistry, among other surface modification methodologies, have effectively altered the immune response to biomaterials. However, the field is still in its early stages, with only a few studies showing a synergistic effect of surface chemistry and nanotopography on inflammatory and wound healing pathways. Therefore, this review will concentrate on the individual and synergistic effects of surface chemistry and nanotopography on FBR modulation and the molecular processes known to modulate these responses. This review will also provide insights into crucial research gaps and advancements in various tactics for modulating FBR, opening new paths for future research. This will further aid in improving our understanding of the immune response to biomaterials, developing advanced surface modification techniques, designing immunomodulatory biomaterials, and translating discoveries into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Chand Yadav
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University, Gujarat, 360003, India
- Department of Electronics, Electric, and Automatic Engineering, Rovira I Virgili University (URV), Tarragona, 43003, Spain.
| | - Akash Bachhuka
- Department of Electronics, Electric, and Automatic Engineering, Rovira I Virgili University (URV), Tarragona, 43003, Spain.
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3
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Surface Design Strategies of Polymeric Biomedical Implants for Antibacterial Properties. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2023.100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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4
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Roina Y, Gonçalves A, Fregnaux M, Auber F, Herlem G. Sodium Naphthalenide Diglyme Solution for Etching PTFE, Characterizations and Molecular Modelization. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaelle Roina
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine Imagerie et Thérapeutique EA 4662 UFR Sciences & Techniques CHU J. Minjoz Université de Franche-Comté 25030 Besançon cedex France
| | - Anne‐Marie Gonçalves
- Institut Lavoisier, UMR CNRS 8180 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles cedex France
| | - Mathieu Fregnaux
- Institut Lavoisier, UMR CNRS 8180 45 av. des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles cedex France
| | - Frédéric Auber
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine Imagerie et Thérapeutique EA 4662 UFR Sciences & Techniques CHU J. Minjoz Université de Franche-Comté 25030 Besançon cedex France
| | - Guillaume Herlem
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine Imagerie et Thérapeutique EA 4662 UFR Sciences & Techniques CHU J. Minjoz Université de Franche-Comté 25030 Besançon cedex France
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Yin Z, Chen X, Zhou T, Xue M, Li M, Liu K, Zhou D, Ou J, Xie Y, Ren Z, Luo Y, Hong Z. Mussel-inspired fabrication of superior superhydrophobic cellulose-based composite membrane for efficient oil emulsions separation, excellent anti-microbial property and simultaneous photocatalytic dye degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Complementary Approaches for Enhancing Polystyrene Hydrophobicity: Additives Development and Replication of Micro/Nanotextures. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030467. [PMID: 35334759 PMCID: PMC8956039 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at developing polymer surfaces with enhanced hydrophobicity by controlling both the surface chemistry and the surface structure. As a first step, a chemical surface modification is achieved by the incorporation of a synthetized tailored fluorinated copolymer, named POISE-a (Polymer prOcessing Interface StabilizEr), in a commercial polystyrene matrix. Then, a complementary physical approach based on micro-structuration of a polymer surface is used. Polystyrene films containing various contents of POISE-a were elaborated by a solvent casting method. The structuration of the films was conducted by replicating a texture from a nickel insert using a hot-embossing technique with optimized processing conditions. The beneficial effect of POISE-a on both the wettability properties and the replication efficiency was evaluated by the water/polymer static contact angle and the quantification of the replication rate, respectively. The use of this tailored additive, even at low percentages (i.e., 1 wt.%), associated with the structuration of the PS surface, improves both the hydrophobicity of polystyrene and the robustness of the replication process.
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Zhang J, Xu J, Lim J, Nolan JK, Lee H, Lee CH. Wearable Glucose Monitoring and Implantable Drug Delivery Systems for Diabetes Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100194. [PMID: 33930258 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The global cost of diabetes care exceeds $1 trillion each year with more than $327 billion being spent in the United States alone. Despite some of the advances in diabetes care including continuous glucose monitoring systems and insulin pumps, the technology associated with managing diabetes has largely remained unchanged over the past several decades. With the rise of wearable electronics and novel functional materials, the field is well-poised for the next generation of closed-loop diabetes care. Wearable glucose sensors implanted within diverse platforms including skin or on-tooth tattoos, skin-mounted patches, eyeglasses, contact lenses, fabrics, mouthguards, and pacifiers have enabled noninvasive, unobtrusive, and real-time analysis of glucose excursions in ambulatory care settings. These wearable glucose sensors can be integrated with implantable drug delivery systems, including an insulin pump, glucose responsive insulin release implant, and islets transplantation, to form self-regulating closed-loop systems. This review article encompasses the emerging trends and latest innovations of wearable glucose monitoring and implantable insulin delivery technologies for diabetes management with a focus on their advanced materials and construction. Perspectives on the current unmet challenges of these strategies are also discussed to motivate future technological development toward improved patient care in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Zhang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jongcheon Lim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - James K. Nolan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Chi Hwan Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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Kim B, Soepriatna AH, Park W, Moon H, Cox A, Zhao J, Gupta NS, Park CH, Kim K, Jeon Y, Jang H, Kim DR, Lee H, Lee KS, Goergen CJ, Lee CH. Rapid custom prototyping of soft poroelastic biosensor for simultaneous epicardial recording and imaging. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3710. [PMID: 34140475 PMCID: PMC8211747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing need for the implementation of stretchable biosensors in the body has driven rapid prototyping schemes through the direct ink writing of multidimensional functional architectures. Recent approaches employ biocompatible inks that are dispensable through an automated nozzle injection system. However, their application in medical practices remains challenged in reliable recording due to their viscoelastic nature that yields mechanical and electrical hysteresis under periodic large strains. Herein, we report sponge-like poroelastic silicone composites adaptable for high-precision direct writing of custom-designed stretchable biosensors, which are soft and insensitive to strains. Their unique structural properties yield a robust coupling to living tissues, enabling high-fidelity recording of spatiotemporal electrophysiological activity and real-time ultrasound imaging for visual feedback. In vivo evaluations of custom-fit biosensors in a murine acute myocardial infarction model demonstrate a potential clinical utility in the simultaneous intraoperative recording and imaging on the epicardium, which may guide definitive surgical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongjoong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Arvin H Soepriatna
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Woohyun Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Haesoo Moon
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Abigail Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jianchao Zhao
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Nevin S Gupta
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghun Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yale Jeon
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanmin Jang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Rip Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kwan-Soo Lee
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Chi Hwan Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Xu J, Xu J, Moon H, Sintim HO, Lee H. Zwitterionic liquid crystalline polythiophene as an antibiofouling biomaterial. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:349-356. [PMID: 33242321 PMCID: PMC8176281 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02264k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To address a key challenge of conjugated polymers in biomedical applications having poor antifouling properties that eventually leads to the failure and reduced lifetime of bioelectronics in the body, herein we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation of our newly designed multifunctional zwitterionic liquid crystalline polymer PCBTh-C8C10, which is facilely synthesized using oxidative polymerization. A conjugated polythiophene backbone, a multifunctional zwitterionic side chain, and a mesogenic unit are integrated into one segment. By DSC and POM characterization, we verify that the introduction of 3,5-bis(2-octyl-1-dodecyloxy)benzene as a mesogenic unit into the polythiophene backbone allows the formation of the liquid crystalline mesophase of the resulting polymer. We also demonstrate that the PCBTh-C8C10 coated surface exhibits good conductivity, stability, hydrophilicity, and remarkable antibiofouling properties against protein adsorption, cell growth, and bacteria attachment. This new zwitterionic liquid crystalline polymer having good antibiofouling features will be widely recognized as a promising biomaterial that is applicable in implantable organic bioelectronics via inhibiting the foreign body response. A deep understanding of structure-property relationships of zwitterionic conjugated polymers has also been provided in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjia Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
| | - Jian Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
| | - Haesoo Moon
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Hyowon Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
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Sikkema R, Baker K, Zhitomirsky I. Electrophoretic deposition of polymers and proteins for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102272. [PMID: 32987293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review is focused on new electrophoretic deposition (EPD) mechanisms for deposition biomacromolecules, such as biopolymers, proteins and enzymes. Among the rich literature sources of EPD of biopolymers, proteins and enzymes for biomedical applications we selected papers describing new fundamental deposition mechanisms. Such deposition mechanisms are of critical importance for further development of EPD method and its emerging biomedical applications. Our goal is to emphasize innovative ideas which have enriched colloid and interface science of EPD during recent years. We describe various mechanisms of cathodic and anodic EPD of charged biopolymers. Special attention is focused on in-situ chemical modification of biopolymers and crosslinking techniques. Recent innovations in the development of natural and biocompatible charged surfactants and film forming agents are outlined. Among the important advances in this area are the applications of bile acids and salts for EPD of neutral polymers. Such innovations allowed for the successful EPD of various electrically neutral functional polymers for biomedical applications. Particularly important are biosurfactant-polymer interactions, which facilitate dissolution, dispersion, charging, electrophoretic transport and deposit formation. Recent advances in EPD mechanisms addressed the problem of EPD of proteins and enzymes related to their charge reversal at the electrode surface. Conceptually new methods are described, which are based on the use of biopolymer complexes with metal ions, proteins, enzymes and other biomolecules. This review describes new developments in co-deposition of biomacromolecules and future trends in the development of new EPD mechanisms and strategies for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sikkema
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kayla Baker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Igor Zhitomirsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
The growing trend for personalized medicine calls for more reliable implantable biosensors that are capable of continuously monitoring target analytes for extended periods (i.e., >30 d). While promising biosensors for various applications are constantly being developed in the laboratories across the world, many struggle to maintain reliable functionality in complex in vivo environments over time. In this review, we explore the impact of various biotic and abiotic failure modes on the reliability of implantable biosensors. We discuss various design considerations for the development of chronically reliable implantable biosensors with a specific focus on strategies to combat biofouling, which is a fundamental challenge for many implantable devices. Briefly, we introduce the process of the foreign body response and compare the in vitro and the in vivo performances of state-of-the-art implantable biosensors. We then discuss the latest development in material science to minimize and delay biofouling including the usage of various hydrophilic, biomimetic, drug-eluting, zwitterionic, and other smart polymer materials. We also explore a number of active anti-biofouling approaches including stimuli-responsive materials and mechanical actuation. Finally, we conclude this topical review with a discussion on future research opportunities towards more reliable implantable biosensors.
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