1
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Han H, Fang C, Cheng Y, Liu J, Li M, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Yao X. Temperature-Switching Flexible Strain Sensors Based on Vanadium Dioxide for Intelligent Packaging Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39058978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Flexible sensors are promising for intelligent packaging and artificial intelligence, but the required multistimulus response is still a challenge in external environments. A candidate material for such multistimulus response is VO2 due to its unique semiconducting properties. Herein, W-doped VO2(M) with a tunable phase transition temperature was prepared by the hydrothermal method, and then, VO2(M)-based flexible sensors were fabricated employing a direct-write strategy, where conductive inks with VO2(M) powders were patterned onto various substrates. These sensors achieve dual responses to temperature and strain and exhibit high stability (over 2000 stretch-release cycles) to accurately monitor various statuses (opening and closing, temperature changes, etc.) of intelligent packaging. The spatial pressure distribution of different objects was discerned by the prepared VO2(M)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) sponge flexible pressure sensor arrays, and the information was successfully edited using the Morse code. The sensing signals from the intelligent packaging were collected and remotely transmitted to intelligent terminals via a wireless local-area network to achieve real-time monitoring of the packaged contents. Therefore, in this work, we not only designed new flexible sensors with multiple stimulus responses but also demonstrated the potential applications of W-doped VO2(M)-based flexible sensors in intelligent packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Han
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Fang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Youliang Cheng
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Xingbo Yao
- School of Art and Design, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, P. R. China
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2
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Hong W, Guo X, Zhang T, Mu S, Wu F, Yan Z, Zhang H, Li X, Zhang A, Wang J, Cao Y, Li J, Dong H, Liu T, Liu Z, Zhao Y. Flexible Strain Sensor Based on Nickel Microparticles/Carbon Black Microspheres/Polydimethylsiloxane Conductive Composites for Human Motion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32702-32712. [PMID: 38870327 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a dual-functional flexible sensor (DFFS) using a magnetic conductive polymer composed of nickel (Ni), carbon black (CB), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The material selection for the DFFS utilizes the excellent elasticity of the PDMS matrix and the synergistic interaction between Ni and CB. The DFFS has a wide strain range of 0-170%, a high sensitivity of 74.13 (140-170%), and a low detection limit of 0.3% strain. The DFFS based on superior performance can accurately detect microstrain/microvibration, oncoming/contacting objects, and bicycle riding speed. Additionally, the DFFS can be used for comprehensive monitoring of human movements. Therefore, the DFFS of this work shows significant value for implementation in intelligent wearable devices and noncontact intelligent control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Shaowen Mu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zihao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Huishan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
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3
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Del Bosque A, Sánchez-Romate XF, Sánchez M, Ureña A. Toward flexible piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites: a review on fundamentals, performance, and applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:292003. [PMID: 38621367 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3e87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The fundamentals, performance, and applications of piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites are summarized herein. The addition of conductive nanoparticles to a flexible polymer matrix has emerged as a possible alternative to conventional strain gauges, which have limitations in detecting small strain levels and adapting to different surfaces. The evaluation of the properties or performance parameters of strain sensors such as the elongation at break, sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis, transient response, stability, and durability are explained in this review. Moreover, these nanocomposites can be exposed to different environmental conditions throughout their lifetime, including different temperature, humidity or acidity/alkalinity levels, that can affect performance parameters. The development of flexible piezoresistive sensors based on nanocomposites has emerged in recent years for applications related to the biomedical field, smart robotics, and structural health monitoring. However, there are still challenges to overcome in designing high-performance flexible sensors for practical implementation. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on flexible piezoresistive strain sensors based on polymer nanocomposites, which can be a viable option to address some of the major technological challenges that the future holds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Bosque
- Technology, Instruction and Design in Engineering and Education Research Group (TiDEE.rg), Catholic University of Ávila, C/Canteros s/n, E-05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Xoan F Sánchez-Romate
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Higher School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, E-28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Sánchez
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Higher School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, E-28933 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Para la Sostenibilidad, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ureña
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Higher School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, E-28933 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Para la Sostenibilidad, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Jeong YH, Kwon M, Shin S, Lee J, Kim KS. Biomedical Applications of CNT-Based Fibers. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 38534244 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as emerging materials in various applications. However, the range of biomedical applications is limited due to the aggregation and potential toxicity of powder-type CNTs. To overcome these issues, techniques to assemble them into various macroscopic structures, such as one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films, and three-dimensional aerogels, have been developed. Among them, carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) is a one-dimensional aggregate of CNTs, which can be used to solve the potential toxicity problem of individual CNTs. Furthermore, since it has unique properties due to the one-dimensional nature of CNTs, CNTF has beneficial potential for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the biomedical applications using CNTF, such as the detection of biomolecules or signals for biosensors, strain sensors for wearable healthcare devices, and tissue engineering for regenerating human tissues. In addition, by considering the challenges and perspectives of CNTF for biomedical applications, the feasibility of CNTF in biomedical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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5
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Ji F, Shang P, Lai Y, Wang J, Zhang G, Lin D, Xu J, Cai D, Qin Z. Fully Physically Crosslinked Conductive Hydrogel with Ultrastretchability, Transparency, and Self-Healing Properties for Strain Sensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6491. [PMID: 37834626 PMCID: PMC10573993 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, conductive hydrogels have received great attention as flexible strain sensors. However, the preparation of such sensors with integrated stretchability, transparency, and self-healing properties into one gel through a simple method still remains a huge challenge. Here, a fully physically crosslinked double network hydrogel was developed based on poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEAA) and κ-carrageenan (Car). The driving forces for physical gelation were hydrogen bonds, ion bonding, and electrostatic interactions. The resultant PHEAA-Car hydrogel displayed stretchability (1145%) and optical transparency (92%). Meanwhile, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel exhibited a self-healing property at 25 °C. Additionally, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel-based strain sensor could monitor different joint movements. Based on the above functions, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel can be applied in flexible strain sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ji
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Pengbo Shang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yingkai Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Guangcai Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Dengchao Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Daniu Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhihui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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6
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Wu D, Su Y, Li R, Zhao J, Yang L, Yang P. Anisotropic and Highly Sensitive Flexible Strain Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Iron Nanowires for Human-Computer Interaction Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13029. [PMID: 37685836 PMCID: PMC10488179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors for multi-directional strain detection are crucial in complicated hman-computer interaction (HCI) applications. However, enhancing the anisotropy and sensitivity of the sensors for multi-directional detection in a simple and effective method remains a significant issue. Therefore, this study proposes a flexible strain sensor with anisotropy and high sensitivity based on a high-aspect-ratio V-groove array and a hybrid conductive network of iron nanowires and carbon nanotubes (Fe NWs/CNTs). The sensor exhibits significant anisotropy, with a difference in strain detection sensitivity of up to 35.92 times between two mutually perpendicular directions. Furthermore, the dynamic performance of the sensor shows a good response rate, ranging from 223 ms to 333 ms. The sensor maintains stability and consistent performance even after undergoing 1000 testing cycles. Additionally, the constructed flexible strain sensor is tested using the remote control application of a trolley, demonstrating its high potential for usage in practical HCI systems. This research offers a significant competitive advantage in the development of flexible strain sensors in the field of HCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui Li
- School of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China; (D.W.); (Y.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Y.)
| | | | | | - Pingan Yang
- School of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China; (D.W.); (Y.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Y.)
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7
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Mu Q, Hu T, Tian X, Li T, Kuang X. The Effect of Filler Dimensionality and Content on Resistive Viscoelasticity of Conductive Polymer Composites for Soft Strain Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3379. [PMID: 37631438 PMCID: PMC10458475 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft strain sensors based on conductive polymer composites (CPCs) provide a simple and feasible detection tool in wearable electronics, soft machines, electronic skin, etc. However, the CPCs-based soft strain sensors exhibit resistive viscoelasticity (or time-dependent properties) that hinder the intuitive reflection of the accurate strain and a simple calibration process. In this paper, CPCs with different carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon black (CB) contents were prepared, and electro-mechanical experiments were conducted to study the effect of filler dimensionality and content on the resistive viscoelasticity of CPCs, aimed at guiding the fabrication of CPCs with low resistive viscoelasticity. Furthermore, resistive viscoelasticity and mechanical viscoelasticity were compared to study the origin of the resistive viscoelasticity of CPCs. We found that, at the vicinity of their percolation threshold, the CPCs exhibit high resistive viscoelasticity despite their high sensitivity. In addition, the secondary peaks for CB/SR composite were negligible when the CB concentration was low. Generally, compared with one-dimensional CNT-filled CPCs, the zero-dimensional CB-filled CPCs show higher sensitivity, lower resistive hysteresis, lower resistance relaxation ratio, and better cyclic performance, so they are more suitable for sensor usage. By comparing the resistive viscoelasticity and mechanical viscoelasticity of CPCs, it is indicated that, when the concentration of nanoparticles (NPs) approaches the percolation thresholds, the resistive viscoelasticity is mainly derived from the change of conductive network, while when the concentration of NPs is higher, it is primarily due to the unrecoverable deformations inside the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyi Mu
- School of Physics, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (T.H.); (X.T.); (T.L.)
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing for Desert Information, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ting Hu
- School of Physics, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (T.H.); (X.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Xinya Tian
- School of Physics, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (T.H.); (X.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Tongchuan Li
- School of Physics, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (T.H.); (X.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiao Kuang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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8
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Qu M, Xie Z, Liu S, Zhang J, Peng S, Li Z, Lin C, Nilsson F. Electric Resistance of Elastic Strain Sensors-Fundamental Mechanisms and Experimental Validation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1813. [PMID: 37368243 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Elastic strain sensor nanocomposites are emerging materials of high scientific and commercial interest. This study analyzes the major factors influencing the electrical behavior of elastic strain sensor nanocomposites. The sensor mechanisms were described for nanocomposites with conductive nanofillers, either dispersed inside the polymer matrix or coated onto the polymer surface. The purely geometrical contributions to the change in resistance were also assessed. The theoretical predictions indicated that maximum Gauge values are achieved for mixture composites with filler fractions slightly above the electrical percolation threshold, especially for nanocomposites with a very rapid conductivity increase around the threshold. PDMS/CB and PDMS/CNT mixture nanocomposites with 0-5.5 vol.% fillers were therefore manufactured and analyzed with resistivity measurements. In agreement with the predictions, the PDMS/CB with 2.0 vol.% CB gave very high Gauge values of around 20,000. The findings in this study will thus facilitate the development of highly optimized conductive polymer composites for strain sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchao Qu
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510450, China
| | - Zixin Xie
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510450, China
| | - Shuiyan Liu
- Guangzhou Highteen Plastics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- Guangzhou Highteen Plastics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Siyao Peng
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510450, China
| | - Zhitong Li
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510450, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510450, China
| | - Fritjof Nilsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- FSCN Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, SE-103 92 Sundsvall, Sweden
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9
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Rong J, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Hu C, Li L, Guo W. 3D Single-Layer-Dominated Graphene Foam for High-Resolution Strain Sensing and Self-Monitoring Shape Memory Composite. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205301. [PMID: 36319465 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible intelligent materials are desired to effectively regulate their own deformation and accurately sense their immediate morphology at the same time. Graphene foam is an attractive material for strain sensing and electrical/thermal performance control due to its outstanding mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, graphene-foam-based materials with both strain sensing and deformation control capabilities are rarely reported. Here, a multiscale design of graphene foam with a single-layer-graphene-dominated microstructure and resilient 3D network architecture, which leads to exceptional strain sensing performance as well as modulation ability of the electrical and thermal conductivity for shape memory polymers, is reported. The graphene foams exhibit a strain detection limit of 0.033%, a rapid response of 53 ms, long-term stability over 10 000 cycles, significant thermoacoustic effect, and great heat-generation and heat-diffusion ability. By combining these advantages, an electro-activated shape-memory composite that is capable of monitoring its own shape state during its morphing process, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Cong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Luxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
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10
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High stretchability and conductive stability of flexible hybrid electronic materials for smart clothing. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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11
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Qu M, Fang J, Mu C, Li Y, Huang S, Han L, Hiemer S, Xu W, Qin Y. A novel study on the sandwich‐structure strain sensor using ethylene‐vinyl acetate‐based hot‐melt adhesive mesh web: Fabrication, properties, and modeling. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muchao Qu
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Fang
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Chenzhong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojuan Huang
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Han
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Stefan Hiemer
- Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Institute of Materials Simulation, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Fürth Germany
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Qin
- Center for Engineering Materials and Reliability Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute Guangzhou China
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12
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Luo XL, Schubert DW. Experimental and Theoretical Study on Piezoresistive Behavior of Compressible Melamine Sponge Modified by Carbon-based Fillers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Zhou J, Long X, Huang J, Jiang C, Zhuo F, Guo C, Li H, Fu Y, Duan H. Multiscale and hierarchical wrinkle enhanced graphene/Ecoflex sensors integrated with human-machine interfaces and cloud-platform. NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS 2022; 6:55. [PMID: 37520266 PMCID: PMC9255543 DOI: 10.1038/s41528-022-00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Current state-of-the-art stretchable/flexible sensors have received stringent demands on sensitivity, flexibility, linearity, and wide-range measurement capability. Herein, we report a methodology of strain sensors based on graphene/Ecoflex composites by modulating multiscale/hierarchical wrinkles on flexible substrates. The sensor shows an ultra-high sensitivity with a gauge factor of 1078.1, a stretchability of 650%, a response time of ~140 ms, and a superior cycling durability. It can detect wide-range physiological signals including vigorous body motions, pulse monitoring and speech recognition, and be used for monitoring of human respirations in real-time using a cloud platform, showing a great potential for the healthcare internet of things. Complex gestures/sign languages can be precisely detected. Human-machine interface is demonstrated by using a sensor-integrated glove to remotely control an external manipulator to remotely defuse a bomb. This study provides strategies for real-time/long-range medical diagnosis and remote assistance to perform dangerous tasks in industry and military fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Xinxin Long
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Caixuan Jiang
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Fengling Zhuo
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Chen Guo
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Honglang Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - YongQing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST United Kingdom
| | - Huigao Duan
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300 Guangdong Province China
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14
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Szewczyk J, Aguilar-Ferrer D, Coy E. Polydopamine films: Electrochemical growth and sensing applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Wang L, Wu L, Wang Y, Luo J, Xue H, Gao J. Drop casting based superhydrophobic and electrically conductive coating for high performance strain sensing. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Li S, Liu B, Jia X, Xu M, Liu Z, Liu G, Huai X. Dopamine-Mediated Bacterial Cellulose/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Composite Films with Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Performance. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Xiao Jia
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Zhangli Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiulan Huai
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, China
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17
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Zong Y, Tan S, Ma J. Flame-Retardant PEDOT:PSS/LDHs/Leather Flexible Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100873. [PMID: 35247275 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors have demonstrated great potential in human-motion-detection applications. However, it still remains a challenge to fabricate strain sensors with high sensitivity, broad sensing range and good linear response to strain. In this report, a simple and scalable fabrication strategy is developed to construct high performance strain sensors by using leather as the substrates to filtrate poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene ): : poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) modified layered double hydroxides (LDHs) suspensions. The naturally aligned collagen fibers in leather enable size selection for the 2-D conductive materials and as such dual-conductive pathways are effectively formed on the surface and in the matrix of leather. Due to the unique design of conductive networks, the prepared sensor possesses high gauge factor (maximum value of 2326.84), tunable strain range (0∼70%), fast tensile response time (160 ms), and good stability in 1000 stretching-relaxing/compression-relaxing cycles, making it suitable for various human motion detections including coughing and large-scale motions of joint bending. In addition, the incorporated LDHs is a non-toxic flame retardant, which is helpful to reduce electronic fire risk and can bring added value to the sensor. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zong
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Xi'an key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Sha Tan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Xi'an key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jianzhong Ma
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Xi'an key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xi'an, 710021, China
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18
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Kim J, Jung H, Kim M, Bae H, Lee Y. Conductive Polymer Composites for Soft Tactile Sensors. Macromol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Ji F, Jiang M, Yu Q, Hao X, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Luo S, Li J. Ionic Conductive Organohydrogel With Ultrastretchability, Self-Healable and Freezing-Tolerant Properties for Wearable Strain Sensor. Front Chem 2021; 9:758844. [PMID: 34733822 PMCID: PMC8558561 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.758844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, stretchable hydrogel has attracted great attention in the field of wearable flexible sensors. However, fabricating flexible hydrogel sensor simultaneously with superstretchability, high mechanical strength, remarkable self-healing ability, excellent anti-freezing and sensing features via a facile method remains a huge challenge. Herein, a fully physically linked poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide)-gelatin-glycerol-lithium chloride (PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl) double network organohydrogel is prepared via a simple one-pot heating-cooling-photopolymerization method. The prepared PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel exhibits favorable stretchability (970%) and remarkable self-healing property. Meanwhile, due to the presence of glycerol and LiCl, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel possesses outstanding anti-freezing capability, it can maintain excellent stretchability (608%) and conductivity (0.102 S/m) even at -40°C. In addition, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based strain sensor is capable of repeatedly and stably detecting and monitoring both large-scale human motions and subtle physiological signals in a wide temperature range (from -40°C to 25°C). More importantly, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based sensor displays excellent strain sensitivity (GF = 13.16 at 500% strain), fast response time (300 ms), and outstanding repeatability. Based on these super characteristics, it is envisioned that PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel holds promising potentials as wearable strain sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ji
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuefang Hao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nano Innovation Institute, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shuiyuan Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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20
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Nie J, Fan J, Gong Z, Xu C, Chen Y. Frame-structured and self-healing ENR-based nanocomposites for strain sensors. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Mechael SS, Wu Y, Chen Y, Carmichael TB. Ready-to-wear strain sensing gloves for human motion sensing. iScience 2021; 24:102525. [PMID: 34151221 PMCID: PMC8192569 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating soft sensors with wearable platforms is critical for sensor-based human augmentation, yet the fabrication of wearable sensors integrated into ready-to-wear platforms remains underdeveloped. Disposable gloves are an ideal substrate for wearable sensors that map hand-specific gestures. Here, we use solution-based metallization to prepare resistive sensing arrays directly on off-the-shelf nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) gloves. The NBR glove acts as the wearable platform while its surface roughness enhances the sensitivity of the overlying sensing array. The NBR sensors have a sheet resistance of 3.1 ± 0.6 Ω/sq and a large linear working range (two linear regions ≤70%). When stretched, the rough NBR substrate facilitates microcrack formation in the overlying metal, enabling high gauge factors (62 up to 40% strain, 246 from 45 - 70% strain) that are unprecedented for metal film sensors. We apply the sensing array to dynamically monitor gestures for gesture differentiation and robotic control. Sensing arrays are prepared on ready-to-wear nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) gloves Solution-based deposition is used to pattern gold sensing arrays on the NBR surface The roughness-enhanced sensitivity offers high gauge factors (62-246) to 70% strain Motion sensing is demonstrated for gesture differentiation and robotic control
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Mechael
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yunyun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yiting Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Tricia Breen Carmichael
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
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22
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Demolder C, Molina A, Hammond FL, Yeo WH. Recent advances in wearable biosensing gloves and sensory feedback biosystems for enhancing rehabilitation, prostheses, healthcare, and virtual reality. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113443. [PMID: 34171820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Wearable sensing gloves and sensory feedback devices that record and enhance the sensations of the hand are used in healthcare, prosthetics, robotics, and virtual reality. Recent technological advancements in soft actuators, flexible bioelectronics, and wireless data acquisition systems have enabled the development of ergonomic, lightweight, and low-cost wearable devices. This review article includes the most up-to-date materials, sensors, actuators, and system-packaging technologies to develop wearable sensing gloves and sensory feedback devices. Furthermore, this review contemplates the use of wearable sensing gloves and sensory feedback devices together to advance their capabilities as assistive devices for people with prostheses and sensory impaired limbs. This review is divided into two sections: one detailing the technologies used to develop strain, pressure, and temperature sensors integrated with a multifunctional wearable sensing glove, and the other reviewing the devices and methods used for wearable sensory displays. We discuss the limitations of the current methods and technologies along with the future direction of the field. Overall, this paper presents an all-inclusive review of the technologies used to develop wearable sensing gloves and sensory feedback devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Demolder
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Alicia Molina
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Frank L Hammond
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Materials, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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23
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Han F, Li M, Ye H, Zhang G. Materials, Electrical Performance, Mechanisms, Applications, and Manufacturing Approaches for Flexible Strain Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1220. [PMID: 34063165 PMCID: PMC8148098 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the recent great progress made in flexible and wearable electronic materials, the upcoming next generation of skin-mountable and implantable smart devices holds extensive potential applications for the lifestyle modifying, including personalized health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, soft robots, and implantable biomedical devices. As a core member within the wearable electronics family, flexible strain sensors play an essential role in the structure design and functional optimization. To further enhance the stretchability, flexibility, sensitivity, and electricity performances of the flexible strain sensors, enormous efforts have been done covering the materials design, manufacturing approaches and various applications. Thus, this review summarizes the latest advances in flexible strain sensors over recent years from the material, application, and manufacturing strategies. Firstly, the critical parameters measuring the performances of flexible strain sensors and materials development contains different flexible substrates, new nano- and hybrid- materials are introduced. Then, the developed working mechanisms, theoretical analysis, and computational simulation are presented. Next, based on different material design, diverse applications including human motion detection and health monitoring, soft robotics and human-machine interface, implantable devices, and biomedical applications are highlighted. Finally, synthesis consideration of the massive production industry of flexible strain sensors in the future; different fabrication approaches that are fully expected are classified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (F.H.); (M.L.)
- Shenzhen Institute of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (F.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Huaiyu Ye
- Shenzhen Institute of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (F.H.); (M.L.)
- Shenzhen Institute of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Shenzhen 518055, China
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24
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Stepashkin AA, Ignatyev SD, Chukov DI, Tcherdyntsev VV, Kaloshkin SD, Medvedeva EV. Low-Temperature Carbonized Elastomer-Based Composites Filled with Silicon Carbide. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2669. [PMID: 33198175 PMCID: PMC7696825 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermally stable composites obtained by the low-temperature carbonization of an elastomeric matrix filled with hard dispersed silicon carbide particles were obtained and investigated. Evolution of the microstructure and of mechanical and thermal characteristics of composites during thermal degradation and carbonization processes in a wide range of filling from 0 to 450 parts per hundred rubber was studied. For highly filled composites, the compressive strength values were found to be more than 200 MPa; Young's modulus was more than 15 GPa. The thermal conductivity coefficient of composites was up to 1.6 W/(m·K), and this magnitude varied slightly in the temperature range of 25-300 °C. Coupled with the high thermal stability of the composites, the observed properties make it possible to consider using such composites as strained friction units instead of reinforced polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Stepashkin
- Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskii prosp, 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (S.D.I.); (D.I.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Semen D. Ignatyev
- Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskii prosp, 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (S.D.I.); (D.I.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Dilyus I. Chukov
- Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskii prosp, 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (S.D.I.); (D.I.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Victor V. Tcherdyntsev
- Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskii prosp, 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (S.D.I.); (D.I.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Sergey D. Kaloshkin
- Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskii prosp, 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (S.D.I.); (D.I.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Elena V. Medvedeva
- Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Amudsena str., 106, 620016 Yekaterinburg, Russia;
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