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Toksha B, Gupta P, Rahaman M. Hydrogen Sensing with Palladium-Based Materials: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Opportunities. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400127. [PMID: 38715432 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Palladium morphologies are prominently used in Hydrogen gas sensing applications owing to their unique characteristics and properties. In this review article, Palladium nanoparticles, thin films, and alloys were designated as the scope of Palladium morphologies. The aim of this review article is to explore Hydrogen sensing using Palladium, focusing on the recent advancements in the field.. The principles underlying Hydrogen sensing mechanisms with Palladium are discussed initially, highlighting the unique properties of Palladium that make it a promising material for this purpose. Special attention is given to the surface interactions and structural modifications that influence the sensitivity and selectivity of Palladium-based sensors The study also addresses key challenges and recent innovations in the field which contribute to the enhancement of Palladium-based Hydrogen sensing capabilities. The current state of research is critically examined to identify gaps in knowledge and future research directions are highlighted. The prospects and challenges associated with the use of Palladium for Hydrogen sensing, emphasizing its pivotal role in advancing sensor technologies for Hydrogen detection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwan Toksha
- Faculty of Physics, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, 431010, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Plastic and Polymer Engineering, School of Engineering, Plastindia International University, Vapi, 3961935, India
| | - Mostafizur Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ahad MT, Bhuiyan MMH, Sakib AN, Becerril Corral A, Siddique Z. An Overview of Challenges for the Future of Hydrogen. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6680. [PMID: 37895667 PMCID: PMC10608639 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen's wide availability and versatile production methods establish it as a primary green energy source, driving substantial interest among the public, industry, and governments due to its future fuel potential. Notable investment is directed toward hydrogen research and material innovation for transmission, storage, fuel cells, and sensors. Ensuring safe and dependable hydrogen facilities is paramount, given the challenges in accident control. Addressing material compatibility issues within hydrogen systems remains a critical focus. Challenges, roadmaps, and scenarios steer long-term planning and technology outlooks. Strategic visions align actions and policies, encompassing societal and ecological dimensions. The confluence of hydrogen's promise with material progress holds the prospect of reshaping our energy landscape sustainably. Forming collective future perspectives to foresee this emerging technology's potential benefits is valuable. Our review article comprehensively explores the forthcoming challenges in hydrogen technology. We extensively examine the challenges and opportunities associated with hydrogen production, incorporating CO2 capture technology. Furthermore, the interaction of materials and composites with hydrogen, particularly in the context of hydrogen transmission, pipeline, and infrastructure, are discussed to understand the interplay between materials and hydrogen dynamics. Additionally, the exploration extends to the embrittlement phenomena during storage and transmission, coupled with a comprehensive examination of the advancements and hurdles intrinsic to hydrogen fuel cells. Finally, our exploration encompasses addressing hydrogen safety from an industrial perspective. By illuminating these dimensions, our article provides a panoramic view of the evolving hydrogen landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Ahad
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (M.M.H.B.); (A.N.S.); (A.B.C.)
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3
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Mills R, Baldridge KC, Bernard M, Bhattacharyya D. Recent Advances in Responsive Membrane Functionalization Approaches and Applications. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022; 58:1202-1236. [PMID: 37063489 PMCID: PMC10103845 DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2145222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, significant advances have been made in the field of functionalized membranes. With the functionalization using various materials, such as polymers and enzymes, membranes can exhibit property changes in response to an environmental stimulation, such as heat, light, ionic strength, or pH. The resulting responsive nature allows for an increased breadth of membrane uses, due to the developed functionalization properties, such as smart-gating filtration for size-selective water contaminant removal, self-cleaning antifouling surfaces, increased scalability options, and highly sensitive molecular detection. In this review, new advances in both fabrication and applications of functionalized membranes are reported and summarized, including temperature-responsive, pH-responsive, light-responsive, enzyme-functionalized, and two-dimensional material-functionalized membranes. Specific emphasis was given to the most recent technological improvements, current limitations, advances in characterization techniques, and future directions for the field of functionalized membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rollie Mills
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Kevin C. Baldridge
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Matthew Bernard
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Dibakar Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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Melnikov P, Bobrov A, Marfin Y. On the Use of Polymer-Based Composites for the Creation of Optical Sensors: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204448. [PMID: 36298026 PMCID: PMC9611646 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers are widely used in many areas, but often their individual properties are not sufficient for use in certain applications. One of the solutions is the creation of polymer-based composites and nanocomposites. In such materials, in order to improve their properties, nanoscale particles (at least in one dimension) are dispersed in the polymer matrix. These properties include increased mechanical strength and durability, the ability to create a developed inner surface, adjustable thermal and electrical conductivity, and many others. The materials created can have a wide range of applications, such as biomimetic materials and technologies, smart materials, renewable energy sources, packaging, etc. This article reviews the usage of composites as a matrix for the optical sensors and biosensors. It highlights several methods that have been used to enhance performance and properties by optimizing the filler. It shows the main methods of combining indicator dyes with the material of the sensor matrix. Furthermore, the role of co-fillers or a hybrid filler in a polymer composite system is discussed, revealing the great potential and prospect of such matrixes in the field of fine properties tuning for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Melnikov
- M. V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Bobrov
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Sheremetevsky pr., 10, 153010 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Yuriy Marfin
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Sheremetevsky pr., 10, 153010 Ivanovo, Russia
- Pacific National University, 136 Tikhookeanskaya Street, 680035 Khabarovsk, Russia
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Li C, Zhu H, Guo Y, Ye S, Wang T, Fu Y, Zhang X. Hydrogen-Induced Aggregation of Au@Pd Nanoparticles for Eye-Readable Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensors. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2778-2787. [PMID: 36073785 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic materials provide a promising platform for optical hydrogen detection, but their sensitivities remain limited. Herein, a new type of eye-readable H2 sensor based on Au@Pd core-shell nanoparticle arrays (NAs) is reported. After exposed to 2% H2, Au@Pd (16/2) NAs demonstrate a dramatic decrease in the optical extinction intensity, along with an obvious color change from turquoise to gray. Experimental results and theoretical calculations prove that the huge optical change resulted from the H2-induced aggregation of Au@Pd nanoparticles (NPs), which remarkably alters the plasmon coupling effect between NPs. Moreover, we optimize the sensing behavior from two aspects. The first is selecting appropriate substrates (either rigid glass substrate or flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate) to offer moderate adhesion force to NAs, ensuring an efficient aggregation of Au@Pd NPs upon H2 exposure. The second is adjusting the Pd shell thickness to control the extent of NP aggregation and thus the detection range of the as-prepared sensors. This work highlights the advantage of designing eye-readable plasmonic H2 sensors from the aspect of tuning the interparticle plasmonic coupling in NP assemblies. Au@Pd NAs presented here have several advantages in terms of simple fabrication method, eye-readability in air background at room temperature, tunable detection range, and high cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Zhu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunsheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110189, People's Republic of China
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Ai B, Sun Y, Zhao Y. Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107882. [PMID: 35567399 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is regarded as the ultimate fuel and energy carrier with a high theoretical energy density and universality of sourcing. However, hydrogen is easy to leak and has a wide flammability range in air. For safely handling hydrogen, robust sensors are in high demand. Plasmonic hydrogen sensors (PHS) are attracting growing interest due to the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response speed, miniaturization, and high-degree of integration, etc. In this review, the mechanism and recent development (mainly after the year 2015) of hydrogen sensors based on plasmonic nanostructures are presented. The working principle of PHS is introduced. The sensing properties and the effects of resonance mode, configuration, material, and structure of the plasmonic nanostructures on the sensing performances are discussed. The merit and demerit of different types of plasmonic nanostructures are summarized and potential development directions are proposed. The aim of this review is not only to clarify the current strategies for PHS, but also to give a comprehensive understanding of the working principle of PHS, which may inspire more ingenious designs and execution of plasmonics for advanced hydrogen sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ai
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio perception & Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Sun
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Shakeel A, Rizwan K, Farooq U, Iqbal S, Altaf AA. Advanced polymeric/inorganic nanohybrids: An integrated platform for gas sensing applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133772. [PMID: 35104552 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrial development, vehicles, domestic activities and mishandling of garbage are the main sources of pollutants, which are destroying the atmosphere. There is a need to continuously monitor these pollutants for the safety of the environment and human beings. Conventional instruments for monitoring of toxic gases are expensive, bigger in size and time-consuming. Hybrid materials containing organic and inorganic components are considered potential candidates for diverse applications, including gas sensing. Gas sensors convert the information regarding the analyte into signals. Various polymeric/inorganic nanohybrids have been used for the sensing of toxic gases. Composites of different polymeric materials like polyaniline (PANI), poly (4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS), poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), etc. with various metal/metal oxide nanoparticles have been reported as sensing materials for gas sensors because of their unique redox features, conductivity and facile operation at room temperature. Polymeric nanohybrids showed better performance because of the larger surface area of nanohybrids and the synergistic effect between polymeric and inorganic materials. This review article focuses on the recent developments of emerging polymeric/inorganic nanohybrids for sensing various toxic gases including ammonia, hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide, carbon oxides and liquefied petroleum gas. Advantages, disadvantages, operating conditions and prospects of hybrid composites have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shakeel
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628, CN, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Chemical, Polymer & Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, New Campus, 54890, Pakistan.
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan.
| | - Ujala Farooq
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Department of Aerospace Structures and Materials, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629, HS, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Ataf Ali Altaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
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Jung JK, Kim KT, Chung NK, Baek UB, Nahm SH. Characterizing the Diffusion Property of Hydrogen Sorption and Desorption Processes in Several Spherical-Shaped Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071468. [PMID: 35406341 PMCID: PMC9003005 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a method for characterizing permeation parameters in hydrogen sorption and desorption processes in polymers using the volumetric measurement technique. The technique was utilized for three polymers: nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), and fluoroelastomer (FKM). The total uptake (C∞), total desorbed content (C0), diffusivity in sorption (Ds), and diffusivity in desorption (Dd) of hydrogen in the polymers were determined versus the sample diameter used in both processes. For all the polymers, the diameter dependence was not detected for C∞ and C0. The average C∞ and C0 at 5.75 MPa were 316 wt∙ppm and 291 wt∙ppm for NBR, 270 wt∙ppm and 279 wt∙ppm for EPDM, and 102 wt∙ppm and 93 wt∙ppm for FKM. The coincidence of C∞ and C0 in the sorption and desorption process indicated physisorption upon introducing hydrogen molecules into the polymers. The larger Dd in the desorption process than Ds could be attributed to an increased amorphous phase and volume swelling after decompression. The equilibrium time to reach the saturation of the hydrogen content in both processes was experimentally confirmed as proportional to the squared radius and consistent with the COMSOL simulation. This method could be used to predict the equilibrium time of the sorption time, depending on the radius of the polymers without any measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Kap Jung
- Hydrogen Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (N.-K.C.); (U.-B.B.); (S.-H.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-868-5759
| | - Kyu-Tae Kim
- Electricity and Magnetism Group, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Nak-Kwan Chung
- Hydrogen Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (N.-K.C.); (U.-B.B.); (S.-H.N.)
| | - Un-Bong Baek
- Hydrogen Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (N.-K.C.); (U.-B.B.); (S.-H.N.)
| | - Seung-Hoon Nahm
- Hydrogen Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (N.-K.C.); (U.-B.B.); (S.-H.N.)
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Lerch S, Stolaś A, Darmadi I, Wen X, Strach M, Langhammer C, Moth-Poulsen K. Robust Colloidal Synthesis of Palladium-Gold Alloy Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45758-45767. [PMID: 34542272 PMCID: PMC8485326 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are currently used in a variety of applications, ranging from life sciences to nanoelectronic devices to gas sensors. In particular, the use of palladium nanoparticles is gaining increasing attention due to their ability to catalyze the rapid dissociation of hydrogen, which leads to an excellent response in hydrogen-sensing applications. However, current palladium-nanoparticle-based sensors are hindered by the presence of hysteresis upon hydride formation and decomposition, as this hysteresis limits sensor accuracy. Here, we present a robust colloidal synthesis for palladium-gold alloy nanoparticles and demonstrate their hysteresis-free response when used for hydrogen detection. The obtained colloidal particles, synthesized in an aqueous, room-temperature environment, can be tailored to a variety of applications through changing the size, ratio of metals, and surface stabilization. In particular, the variation of the viscosity of the mixture during synthesis resulted in a highly tunable size distribution and contributed to a significant improvement in size dispersity compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lerch
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alicja Stolaś
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Iwan Darmadi
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xin Wen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michał Strach
- Chalmers
Materials Analysis Laboratory, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Langhammer
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- C.L.
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- K.M.-P.
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Constantinoiu I, Viespe C. Synthesis Methods of Obtaining Materials for Hydrogen Sensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21175758. [PMID: 34502649 PMCID: PMC8434051 DOI: 10.3390/s21175758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of hydrogen sensors has acquired a great interest from researchers for safety in fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy, pharmaceutics or power generation, as well as due to hydrogen’s introduction as fuel in vehicles. Several types of sensors have been developed for hydrogen detection, including resistive, surface acoustic wave, optical or conductometric sensors. The properties of the material of the sensitive area of the sensor are of great importance for establishing its performance. Besides the nature of the material, an important role for its final properties is played by the synthesis method used and the parameters used during the synthesis. The present paper highlights recent results in the field of hydrogen detection, obtained using four of the well-known synthesis and deposition methods: sol-gel, co-precipitation, spin-coating and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Sensors with very good results have been achieved by these methods, which gives an encouraging perspective for their use in obtaining commercial hydrogen sensors and their application in common areas for society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Constantinoiu
- Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania;
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Viespe
- Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania;
- Correspondence:
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