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Yuan C, Jiang J, Zhang X, Gu L, Wang X, Shao L. Direct 3D printing of freeform anisotropic bioactive structure based on shear-oriented ink system. Biofabrication 2024; 16:045011. [PMID: 39008993 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad6375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Various anisotropic tissue structures exist in organisms, including muscle tissue, skin tissue, and nerve tissue. Replicating anisotropic tissue structuresin vitrohas posed a significant challenge. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is often used to fabricate biomimetic structures due to its advantages in manufacturing principle. However, direct 3D printing of freeform anisotropic bioactive structures has not been reported. To tackle this challenge, we developed a ternary F/G/P ink system that integrates the printability of Pluronic F127 (F), the robust bioactivity and photocrosslinking properties of gelatin methacryloyl (G), and the shear-induced alignment functionality of high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol (P). And through this strategic ternary system combination, freeform anisotropic tissue structures can be 3D printed directly. Moreover, these anisotropic structures exhibit excellent bioactivity, and promote orientational growth of different cells. This advancement holds promise for the repair and replacement of anisotropic tissues within the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Yuan
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Gu
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Wang
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shao
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
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2
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Huang H, Wang W, Liu Z, Jian H, Xue B, Zhu L, Yue K, Yang S. Stepwisely Assembled Multicomponent Fiber with High Water Content and Superior Mechanical Properties for Artificial Ligament. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308063. [PMID: 38200674 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The ligament, which connects bones at the joints, has both high water content and excellent mechanical properties in living organisms. However, it is still challenging to fabricate fibrous materials that possess high water content and ligament-like mechanical characteristics simultaneously. Herein, the design and preparation of a ligament-mimicking multicomponent fiber is reported through stepwise assembly of polysaccharide, calcium, and dopamine. In simulated body fluid, the resulting fiber has a water content of 40 wt%, while demonstrating strength of ≈120 MPa, a Young's modulus of ≈3 GPa, and a toughness of ≈25 MJ m-3. Additionally, the multicomponent fiber exhibits excellent creep and fatigue resistance, as well as biocompatibility to support cell growth in vitro. These findings suggest that the fiber has potential for engineering high-performance artificial ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zexin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hanxin Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bing Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Mater Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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3
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Wang S, Lei L, Tian Y, Ning H, Hu N, Wu P, Jiang H, Zhang L, Luo X, Liu F, Zou R, Wen J, Wu X, Xiang C, Liu J. Strong, tough and anisotropic bioinspired hydrogels. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2131-2142. [PMID: 38376175 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02032k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Soft materials are widely used in tissue engineering, soft robots, wearable electronics, etc. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate soft materials, such as hydrogels, with both high strength and toughness that are comparable to biological tissues. Inspired by the anisotropic structure of biological tissues, a novel solvent-exchange-assisted wet-stretching strategy is proposed to prepare anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels by tuning the macromolecular chain movement and optimizing the polymer network. The reinforcing and toughening mechanisms are found to be "macromolecule crystallization and nanofibril formation". These hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties, such as extremely high fracture stress (12.8 ± 0.7 MPa) and fracture strain (1719 ± 77%), excellent modulus (4.51 ± 0.76 MPa), high work of fracture (134.47 ± 9.29 MJ m-3), and fracture toughness (305.04 kJ m-2) compared with other strong hydrogels and even natural tendons. In addition, excellent conductivity, strain sensing capability, water retention, freezing resistance, swelling resistance, and biocompatibility can also be achieved. This work provides a new and effective method to fabricate multifunctional anisotropic hydrogels with high tunable strength and toughness with potential applications in the fields of regenerative medicine, flexible sensors, and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ling Lei
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanhao Tian
- Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing, 400039, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Ning
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Hu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hanqing Jiang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Luo
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Zou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Chenxing Xiang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng St, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.
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4
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Wu S, Gong C, Wang Z, Xu S, Feng W, Qiu Z, Yan Y. Continuous Spinning of High-Tough Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics by Using Regional Heterogeneous Polymerization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305226. [PMID: 37888848 PMCID: PMC10754135 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel fibers have attracted substantial interest for application in flexible electronics due to their ionic conductivity, high specific surface area, and ease of constructing multidimensional structures. However, universal continuous spinning methods for hydrogel fibers are yet lacking. Based on the hydrophobic mold induced regional heterogeneous polymerization, a universal self-lubricating spinning (SLS) strategy for the continuous fabrication of hydrogel fibers from monomers is developed. The universality of the SLS strategy is demonstrated by the successful spinning of 10 vinyl monomer-based hydrogel fibers. Benefiting from the universality of the SLS strategy, the SLS strategy can be combined with pre-gel design and post-treatment toughening to prepare highly entangled polyacrylamide (PAM) and ionic crosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/Fe3+ (W-PAMAA/Fe3+ ) hydrogel fibers, respectively. In particular, the W-PAMAA/Fe3+ hydrogel fiber exhibited excellent mechanical properties (tensile stress > 4 MPa, tensile strain > 400%) even after 120 days of swelling in the pH of 3-9. Furthermore, owing to the excellent multi-faceted performance and one-dimensionality of W-PAMAA/Fe3+ hydrogel fibers, flexible sensors with different dimensions and functions can be constructed bottom-up, including the one-dimensional (1D) strain sensor, two-dimensional (2D) direction sensor, three-dimensional (3D) pressure sensor, and underwater communication sensor to present the great potential of hydrogel fibers in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoji Wu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
| | - Caihong Gong
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
| | - Zichao Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
| | - Sijia Xu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
| | - Wen Feng
- Guangzhou Fiber Product Testing InstituteGuangzhou511447P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Qiu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
| | - Yurong Yan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P. R. China
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property & Functional Polymer MaterialsGuangzhou510640P. R. China
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Wang Y, Jiang X, Li X, Ding K, Liu X, Huang B, Ding J, Qu K, Sun W, Xue Z, Xu W. Bionic ordered structured hydrogels: structure types, design strategies, optimization mechanism of mechanical properties and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4033-4058. [PMID: 37522298 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00326d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural organisms, such as lobsters, lotus, and humans, exhibit exceptional mechanical properties due to their ordered structures. However, traditional hydrogels have limitations in their mechanical and physical properties due to their disordered molecular structures when compared with natural organisms. Therefore, inspired by nature and the properties of hydrogels similar to those of biological soft tissues, researchers are increasingly focusing on how to investigate bionic ordered structured hydrogels and render them as bioengineering soft materials with unique mechanical properties. In this paper, we systematically introduce the various structure types, design strategies, and optimization mechanisms used to enhance the strength, toughness, and anti-fatigue properties of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in recent years. We further review the potential applications of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in various fields, including sensors, bioremediation materials, actuators, and impact-resistant materials. Finally, we summarize the challenges and future development prospects of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in preparation and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xusheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Kexin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xianrui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Bin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Junjie Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Keyu Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Wenzhi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Zhongxin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Wenlong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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6
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Lin H, Wang R, Xu S, Li X, Song S. Tendon-Inspired Anisotropic Hydrogels with Excellent Mechanical Properties for Strain Sensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6069-6077. [PMID: 37079920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic conductive hydrogels mimicking the natural tissues with high mechanical properties and intelligent sensing have played an important role in the field of flexible electronic devices. Herein, tensile remodeling, drying, and subsequent ion cross-linking methods were used to construct anisotropic hydrogels, which were inspired by the orientation and functionality of tendons. Due to the anisotropic arrangement of the polymer network, the mechanical performance and electrical conductivity were greatly improved in specific directions. The tensile stress and elastic modulus of the hydrogel along the network orientation were 29.82 and 28.53 MPa, which were higher than those along the vertical orientation, 9.63 and 11.7 MPa, respectively. Moreover, the hydrogels exhibited structure-dependent anisotropic sensing. The gauge factors (GFs) parallel to the prestretching direction were greater than the GF along the vertical direction. Thus, the tendon-inspired conductive hydrogels with anisotropy could be used as flexible sensors for joint motion detection and voice recognition. The anisotropic hydrogel-based sensors are highly expected to promote the great development of emerging soft electronics and medical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shengnu Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangye Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
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7
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Yang J, Jiang S, Zhu S, Ren W, Liang H, Li B, Li J. Konjac glucomannan/xanthan gum/sodium alginate composite hydrogel simulates fascial tissue by pre-stretching and moisture regulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124253. [PMID: 37001782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Improving the mechanical strength and creating an anisotropic structure of edible macromolecular hydrogels is crucial to accurately simulate the texture of connective tissues. In this study, konjac glucomannan (KGM), xanthan gum (XG), and sodium alginate (SA) were used to construct hydrogels, and the effects of different pre-stretching degrees and moisture control on the composite gels were investigated. The results of the mechanical property tests and microstructure tests indicate that pre-stretching and moisture control can significantly enhance the strength of the gels and induce anisotropic structures. In addition, the feasibility of the composite gel structure in simulating brisket fascia was investigated, and it was concluded that 1.5 × -DR samples were most suitable for simulating connective tissue. This study provides compelling evidence for the potential of macromolecular hydrogels in simulating connective tissue and provides theoretical guidance for regulating gel texture.
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Pei M, Zhu D, Yang J, Yang K, Yang H, Gu S, Li W, Xu W, Xiao P, Zhou Y. Multi-crosslinked Flexible Nanocomposite Hydrogel Fibers with Excellent Strength and Knittability. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Chen L, Chang X, Chen J, Zhu Y. Ultrastretchable, Antifreezing, and High-Performance Strain Sensor Based on a Muscle-Inspired Anisotropic Conductive Hydrogel for Human Motion Monitoring and Wireless Transmission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43833-43843. [PMID: 36112731 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Integrating structural anisotropy, excellent mechanical properties, and superior sensing capability into conductive hydrogels is of great importance to wearable flexible electronics yet challenging. Herein, inspired from the aligned structure of human muscle, we proposed a facile and universal method to construct an anisotropic hydrogel composed of polyacrylamide and sodium alginate by pre-stretching in a confined geometry and subsequent ionic cross-linking. The designed hydrogels showed extraordinary mechanical performances, such as ultrahigh stretchability, a comparable modulus to that of human tissues, and good toughness, ascribed to their anisotropically aligned polymer networks. Additionally, the hydrogel possessed anisotropic conductivity due to the anisotropy in ion transport channels. The hydrogel along the vertical direction was further cut and assembled into a flexible strain sensor, exhibiting a low detection limit (0.1%), wide strain range (1585%), rapid response (123 ms), distinct resilience, good stability, and repeatability, thereby being capable of monitoring and discriminating different human movements. In addition, the relatively high ionic conductivity and superior sensitivity enabled the anisotropic hydrogel sensor to be used for wireless human-machine interaction. More interestingly, the Ca2+-cross-linking strategy also endowed the hydrogel sensor with antifreezing ability, further broadening their working temperature. This work is expected to speed up the development of hydrogel sensors in the emerging wearable soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangren Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Chang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutian Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Tang Y, Wang Z, Xiang L, Zhao Z, Cui W. Functional biomaterials for tendon/ligament repair and regeneration. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac062. [PMID: 36176715 PMCID: PMC9514853 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increase in life expectancy and the popularity of high-intensity exercise, the frequency of tendon and ligament injuries has also increased. Owing to the specificity of its tissue, the rapid restoration of injured tendons and ligaments is challenging for treatment. This review summarizes the latest progress in cells, biomaterials, active molecules and construction technology in treating tendon/ligament injuries. The characteristics of supports made of different materials and the development and application of different manufacturing methods are discussed. The development of natural polymers, synthetic polymers and composite materials has boosted the use of scaffolds. In addition, the development of electrospinning and hydrogel technology has diversified the production and treatment of materials. First, this article briefly introduces the structure, function and biological characteristics of tendons/ligaments. Then, it summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different materials, such as natural polymer scaffolds, synthetic polymer scaffolds, composite scaffolds and extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived biological scaffolds, in the application of tendon/ligament regeneration. We then discuss the latest applications of electrospun fiber scaffolds and hydrogels in regeneration engineering. Finally, we discuss the current problems and future directions in the development of biomaterials for restoring damaged tendons and ligaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
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11
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Li J, Xue C, Wang H, Dong S, Yang Z, Cao Y, Zhao B, Cheng B, Xie X, Mo X, Jiang W, Yuan H, Pan J. Hybrid Nanofibrous Composites with Anisotropic Mechanics and Architecture for Tendon/Ligament Repair and Regeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201147. [PMID: 35686342 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rupture of tendons and ligaments (T/L) is a major clinical challenge due to T/L possess anisotropic mechanical properties and hierarchical structures. Here, to imitate these characteristics, an approach is presented by fabricating hybrid nanofibrous composites. First, hybrid fiber-reinforced yarns are fabricated via successively electrospinning poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and gelatin (Ge) nanofibers onto polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers to improve biodurability and biocompatibility. Then, by comparing different manufacturing methods, the knitted structure succeeds in simulating anisotropic mechanical properties, even being stronger than natural ligaments, and possessing comfort compliance superior to clinically used ligament advanced reinforcement system (LARS) ligament. Moreover, after inoculation with tendon-derived stem cells and transplantation in vivo, hybrid nanofibrous composites are integrated with native tendons to guide surrounding tissue ingrowth due to the highly interconnected and porous structure. The knitted hybrid nanofibrous composites are also ligamentized and remodeled in vivo to promote tendon regeneration. Specifically, after the use of optimized anisotropic hybrid nanofibrous composites to repair tendon, the deposition of tendon-associated extracellular matrix proteins is more significant. Thus, this study indicates a strategy of manufacturing anisotropic hybrid nanofibrous composites with superior mechanical properties and good histocompatibility for clinical reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Yuting Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Binan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xianrui Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Hengfeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
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Bercea M. Bioinspired Hydrogels as Platforms for Life-Science Applications: Challenges and Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122365. [PMID: 35745941 PMCID: PMC9229923 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels, as interconnected networks (polymer mesh; physically, chemically, or dynamic crosslinked networks) incorporating a high amount of water, present structural characteristics similar to soft natural tissue. They enable the diffusion of different molecules (ions, drugs, and grow factors) and have the ability to take over the action of external factors. Their nature provides a wide variety of raw materials and inspiration for functional soft matter obtained by complex mechanisms and hierarchical self-assembly. Over the last decade, many studies focused on developing innovative and high-performance materials, with new or improved functions, by mimicking biological structures at different length scales. Hydrogels with natural or synthetic origin can be engineered as bulk materials, micro- or nanoparticles, patches, membranes, supramolecular pathways, bio-inks, etc. The specific features of hydrogels make them suitable for a wide variety of applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds (repair/regeneration), wound healing, drug delivery carriers, bio-inks, soft robotics, sensors, actuators, catalysis, food safety, and hygiene products. This review is focused on recent advances in the field of bioinspired hydrogels that can serve as platforms for life-science applications. A brief outlook on the actual trends and future directions is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bercea
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Wang W, Xu X, Zhang C, Huang H, Zhu L, Yue K, Zhu M, Yang S. Skeletal Muscle Fibers Inspired Polymeric Actuator by Assembly of Triblock Polymers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105764. [PMID: 35253397 PMCID: PMC9069194 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the striated structure of skeletal muscle fibers, a polymeric actuator by assembling two symmetric triblock copolymers, namely, polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid)-b-polystyrene (SAS) and polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide)-b-polystyrene (SES) is developed. Owing to the microphase separation of the triblock copolymers and hydrogen-bonding complexation of their middle segments, the SAS/SES assembly forms a lamellar structure with alternating vitrified S and hydrogen-bonded A/E association layers. The SAS/SES strip can be actuated and operate in response to environmental pH. The contraction ratio and working density of the SAS/SES actuator are approximately 50% and 90 kJ m-3 , respectively; these values are higher than those of skeletal muscle fibers. In addition, the SAS/SES actuator shows a "catch-state", that is, it can maintain force without energy consumption, which is a feature of mollusc muscle but not skeletal muscle. This study provides a biomimetic approach for the development of artificial polymeric actuators with outstanding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Xian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Mater Science and TechnologySchool of Molecular Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCenter for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
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Wang Q, Zhang Q, Wang G, Wang Y, Ren X, Gao G. Muscle-Inspired Anisotropic Hydrogel Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1921-1928. [PMID: 34958540 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel strain sensors have attracted tremendous attention in medical monitoring, flexible wearable devices, and human-machine interfaces. However, traditional hydrogels exhibit isotropic sensing performance based on their isotropic structure. Therefore, it is challenging to fabricate a hydrogel with an anisotropic structure similar to human tissues for achieving anisotropic sensing characteristics. Herein, we proposed a simple and effective method for preparing anisotropic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) conductive hydrogels, which demonstrated anisotropic mechanical properties and anisotropic ion conductivity. The anisotropic hydrogel was successfully constructed through first thermal stretching and then directional freezing. The mechanical strength of hydrogels along the parallel stretching direction (stress of 1596 kPa and toughness of 3.69 MJ/m3) was higher than that of the hydrogels along the vertical stretching direction (stress of 883.1 kPa and toughness of 1.96 MJ/m3). Moreover, the hydrogel showed anisotropic conductivity on the advantage of the different ion channels. The prepared hydrogel sensor exhibited anisotropic sensing for multidirectional stress in the strain range from 0.5 to 100%. The gauge factors (GF) parallel to the stretching direction were greater than the GF vertical to the stretching direction. The anisotropic hydrogel sensors are expected to have broad application prospects in flexible wearable devices and medical monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuanrui Wang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyan Ren
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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