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Wang C, Shen Y, Cao X, Zheng X, Ren K. High Energy Density in All-Organic Polyimide-Based Composite Film by Doping of Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1138. [PMID: 38675056 PMCID: PMC11054177 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, due to the advantages of superior compatibility, fewer interface defects, and a high electric breakdown field, all-organic dielectric composites have attracted significant research interest. In this investigation, we produced all-organic P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer/PI (terp/PI) composite films by incorporating a small amount of terpolymer into PI substrates for high energy density capacitor applications. The resulting terp/PI-5 (5% terpolymer) composite films exhibit a permittivity of 3.81 at 1 kHz, which is 18.7% greater than that of pristine PI (3.21). Furthermore, the terp/PI-5 film exhibited the highest energy density (9.67 J/cm3) and a relatively high charge-discharge efficiency (84.7%) among the terp/PI composite films. The energy density of the terp/PI-5 film was increased by 59.8% compared to that of the pristine PI film. The TSDC results and band structure analysis revealed the presence of deeper traps in the terp/PI composites, contributing to the suppression of leakage current and improved charge-discharge efficiency. Furthermore, durability tests confirm the stability of the composite films under extended high-temperature exposure and cycling, establishing their viability for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Yue Shen
- Center on Nano Energy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.S.); (X.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaodan Cao
- Center on Nano Energy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.S.); (X.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xin Zheng
- Center on Nano Energy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.S.); (X.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Kailiang Ren
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China;
- Center on Nano Energy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.S.); (X.C.); (X.Z.)
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ye L, Ran C, Xie Z, Zhang J, Ma S. Significantly Enhanced Energy Density of Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Polyimide-Based Nanocomposites by Core-Shell BaTiO 3@SiO 2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7710-7722. [PMID: 38530200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Improving the limited energy storage capacity of dielectric materials has long been an attractive challenge. In this work, a four-phase hybridized nanocomposite was designed. The linear polymer polyimide (PI) was added to the ferroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and compounded with a nanoceramic BT@SiO2 with a core-shell structure. The results show that PVDF-PI/BT@SiO2 nanocomposites prepared by a straightforward spin-coating method have a significantly increased discharge energy density. The polymer blends obtain a tightly extended conformation in the amorphous region. Also, this provides an excellent matrix environment for the homogeneous dispersion of fillers. The core-shell structure, as a physical barrier, not only hinders the expansion of the breakdown path but also extends multiple polarization surfaces with gradient variations at the microscopic level. Therefore, the synergistic effect generated by polymer blending and core-shell structure effectively enhances the dielectric and stored energy characteristics of nanocomposites. The dielectric constant is stable at 11.39-18.7, and the dielectric loss is always lower than 0.136. The discharge energy density is 2.5 J/cm3, almost 110% higher than that of the BOPP films (about 1.2 J/cm3). These experimental results suggest that the composite system using core-shell structure and polymer blending is a new way to improve the energy density of dielectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ye
- Key Laboratory of materials and surface technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Changning Ran
- Key Laboratory of materials and surface technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Zhihui Xie
- Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd, Deyang 618000, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of materials and surface technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Sude Ma
- Key Laboratory of materials and surface technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
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Xu W, Wang Z, Cao H, Zhou L, Jiang N, Ke K, Liu Z, Yang W, Yang M. Optimization of the Thermally Conductive Low- k Polymer Dielectrics Based on Multisource Free-Volume Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16809-16819. [PMID: 38502907 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Polymers/polymer matrix composites possessing low dielectric constants (low-k polymer dielectrics) contribute to the advance of electronics, for instance, microprocessor chips, mobile phone antennas, and data communication terminals. However, the intrinsic long-chain structural characteristic results in poor thermal conductivities, which draw heat accumulation and undermine the outstanding low-k performance of polymers. Herein, multisource free-volume effects that combine two novel kinds of extra free volume with the known in-cage free volume of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) are discussed to reduce the capacity for dielectric constant reduction. The multisource free-volume effects of POSSs are associated with the thermal conductive network formed by the hexagonal boron nitride (BN) in the polymer matrix. The results show a decent balance between low-k performance (dielectric constant is 2.08 at 1 MHz and 1.98 at 10 GHz) and thermal conductivity (0.555 W m-1 K-1, 4.91 times the matrix). The results provide a new idea to maximize the free-volume effects of POSSs to optimize dielectric properties together with other desired performances for the dielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidi Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong Cao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Materials Scence and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Niu Jiang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhengying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mingbo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Mousavi F, Elhamifar D, Kargar S, Elhamifar D. Ionic liquid containing high-density polyethylene supported tungstate: a novel, efficient, and highly recoverable catalyst. Front Chem 2024; 12:1346108. [PMID: 38487784 PMCID: PMC10937412 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1346108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthesis and catalytic application of polymeric-based nanocomposites are important subjects among researchers due to their high lipophilicity as well as high chemical and mechanical stability. In the present work, a novel nanocomposite material involving ionic liquid and high-density polyethylene supported tungstate (PE/IL-WO4 =) is synthesized, characterized and its catalytic application is investigated. The coacervation method was used to incorporate 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide ([MOIm] [Br]) ionic liquid in high-density polyethylene, resulting in a PE/IL composite. Subsequently, tungstate was anchored on PE/IL to give PE/IL-WO4 = catalyst. The PXRD, FT-IR, EDX, TGA, and SEM analyses were used to characterize the PE/IL-WO4 = composite. This material demonstrated high catalytic efficiency in the synthesis of bioactive tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen-11-ones under green conditions. The recoverability and leching tests were performed to investigate the stability and durability of the designed PE/IL-WO4 = catalyst under applied conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiva Kargar
- Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Davar Elhamifar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
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Li Q, Allahyarov E, Ju T, Lin Z, Zhu L. Nonlinear ferroelectric characteristics of barium titanate nanocrystals determined via a polymer nanocomposite approach. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3606-3621. [PMID: 38270516 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05185d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The growing demand for high energy storage materials has garnered substantial attention towards lead-free ferroelectric nanocrystals (NCs), such as BaTiO3 (BTO), for next-generation multilayer ceramic capacitors. Notably, it remains challenging to accurately measure the dielectric constant and polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loop for BTO NCs. Herein, we report on nonlinear ferroelectric characteristics of BTO NCs via a polymer nanocomposite approach. Specifically, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)/BTO nanocomposite films of 3-10 μm thickness, containing 380 nm tetragonal-phased and 60 nm cubic-phased BTO NCs with uniform particle dispersion, were prepared. Theoretical deconvolution of the broad experimental P-E loops of the PVP/BTO NC composite films revealed three contributions, that is, the linear deformational polarization of the nanocomposites, the polarization of BTO NCs (Pp), and the polarization from strong particle-particle interactions. Using different mixing rules and nonlinear dielectric analysis, the overall dielectric constants of BTO NCs were obtained, from which the internal field in the BTO NCs (Ep) was estimated. Consequently, the Pp-Ep hysteresis loops were obtained for the BTO380 and BTO60 NCs. Interestingly, BTO380 exhibited square-shaped ferroelectric loops, whereas BTO60 displayed slim paraelectric loops. This work presents a robust and versatile route to extract the Pp-Ep loops of ferroelectric NCs from polymer/ceramic nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Elshad Allahyarov
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Theoretical Department, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVTAN), 13/19 Izhorskaya Street, Moscow 125412, Russia
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7079, USA
| | - Tianxiong Ju
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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Huan X, Li H, Song Y, Luo J, Liu C, Xu K, Geng H, Guo X, Chen C, Zu L, Jia X, Zhou J, Zhang H, Yang X. Charge Dynamics Engineering Sparks Hetero-Interfacial Polarization for an Ultra-Efficient Microwave Absorber with Mechanical Robustness. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306104. [PMID: 37775948 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Microwave absorbers with high efficiency and mechanical robustness are urgently desired to cope with more complex and harsh application scenarios. However, manipulating the trade-off between microwave absorption performance and mechanical properties is seldom realized in microwave absorbers. Here, a chemistry-tailored charge dynamic engineering strategy is proposed for sparking hetero-interfacial polarization and thus coordinating microwave attenuation ability with the interfacial bonding, endowing polymer-based composites with microwave absorption efficiency and mechanical toughness. The absorber designed by this new conceptual approach exhibits remarkable Ku-band microwave absorption efficiency (-55.3 dB at a thickness of 1.5 mm) and satisfactory effective absorption bandwidth (5.0 GHz) as well as desirable interfacial shear strength (97.5 MPa). The calculated differential charge density depicts the uneven distribution of space charge and the intense hetero-interfacial polarization, clarifying the structure-performance relationship from a theoretical perspective. This work breaks through traditional single performance-oriented design methods and ushers a new direction for next-generation microwave absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Huan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hefeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Luo
- Beijing Spacecraft Manufacturing Factory Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100094, P. R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ke Xu
- Inner Mongolia Aerospace Hong Gang Machinery Corporation Limited, Inner Mongolia, 010076, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Geng
- Inner Mongolia Aerospace Hong Gang Machinery Corporation Limited, Inner Mongolia, 010076, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Inner Mongolia Aerospace Hong Gang Machinery Corporation Limited, Inner Mongolia, 010076, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Xi'an Institute of Aerospace Propulsion Technology, Xi'an, 710025, P. R. China
- The 41st Institute of the Fourth Academy of CSAC National Key Lab of Combustion, Flow and Thermo-structure, Xi'an, 710025, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jisheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haobin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibre and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Ju T, Treufeld I, Wolak M, Ponting M, Baer E, Zhu L. Effect of Glass Transition Temperature on Enhanced Dielectric Breakdown Strength and Lifetime of Multilayer Polymer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:795-806. [PMID: 38149962 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
High temperature, high energy density, and low loss dielectric films are promising candidates for miniaturized capacitors in electric vehicles and high-speed trains. However, single-component polymers could not achieve these desired properties simultaneously. Polymer multilayer films (MLFs), which combine a high dielectric constant polymer [e.g., poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)] and a high breakdown/low loss polymer [e.g., polycarbonate (PC)] in a unique layered structure, have the potential achieve them at the same time. In this work, the effects of PC glass transition temperature (Tg) on the dielectric insulation properties (breakdown strength and lifetime) were investigated at high temperatures of 100-150 °C. Three PC materials had Tg values of 145 (PC1), 165 (PC2), and 185 °C (PC3), respectively. It is observed that MLF-PC3 with the highest Tg of PC exhibited the highest Weibull direct/alternating current (DC/AC) breakdown strength and the longest DC/AC lifetime, whereas MLF-PC1 with the lowest Tg showed the lowest Weibull DC/AC breakdown strength and the shortest DC/AC lifetime. A high-temperature high-volage leakage current study revealed that MLF-PC3 exhibited the lowest bulk conductivity at all temperatures under different electric fields. The knowledge obtained from this study will help us design better MLFs with high performance for next-generation miniaturized capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiong Ju
- Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Imre Treufeld
- Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Mason Wolak
- Peak Nano, LLC, 7700 Hub Parkway, Valley View, Ohio 44125, United States
| | - Michael Ponting
- Peak Nano, LLC, 7700 Hub Parkway, Valley View, Ohio 44125, United States
| | - Eric Baer
- Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
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Meng Z, Zhang T, Zhang C, Shang Y, Lei Q, Chi Q. Advances in Polymer Dielectrics with High Energy Storage Performance by Designing Electric Charge Trap Structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310272. [PMID: 38109702 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric capacitors have been developed for nearly a century, and all-polymer film capacitors are currently the most popular. Much effort has been devoted to studying polymer dielectric capacitors and improving their capacitive performance, but their high conductivity and capacitance losses under high electric fields or elevated temperatures are still significant challenges. Although many review articles have reported various strategies to address these problems, to the best of current knowledge, no review article has summarized the recent progress in the high-energy storage performance of polymer-based dielectric films with electric charge trap structures. Therefore, this paper first reviews the charge trap characterization methods for polymeric dielectrics and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. The research progress on the design of charge trap structures in polymer dielectric films, including molecular chain optimization, organic doping, blending modification, inorganic doping, multilayered structures, and the mechanisms of the charge trap-induced enhancement of the capacitive performance of polymers are systematically reviewed. Finally, a summary and outlook on the fundamental theory of charge trap regulation, performance characterization, numerical calculations, and engineering applications are presented. This review provides a valuable reference for improving the insulation and energy storage performance of dielectric capacitive films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Tiandong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Changhai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Qingquan Lei
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Qingguo Chi
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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Chen J, Pei Z, Chai B, Jiang P, Ma L, Zhu L, Huang X. Engineering the Dielectric Constants of Polymers: From Molecular to Mesoscopic Scales. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308670. [PMID: 38100840 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are essential components of modern-day materials and are widely used in various fields. The dielectric constant, a key physical parameter, plays a fundamental role in the light-, electricity-, and magnetism-related applications of polymers, such as dielectric and electrical insulation, battery and photovoltaic fabrication, sensing and electrical contact, and signal transmission and communication. Over the past few decades, numerous efforts have been devoted to engineering the intrinsic dielectric constant of polymers, particularly by tailoring the induced and orientational polarization modes and ferroelectric domain engineering. Investigations into these methods have guided the rational design and on-demand preparation of polymers with desired dielectric constants. This review article exhaustively summarizes the dielectric constant engineering of polymers from molecular to mesoscopic scales, with emphasis on application-driven design and on-demand polymer synthesis rooted in polymer chemistry principles. Additionally, it explores the key polymer applications that can benefit from dielectric constant regulation and outlines the future prospects of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhantao Pei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bin Chai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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10
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Guan J, Cheng L, Fang Y. Introduction of Nanoscale Si 3N 4 to Improve the Dielectric Thermal Stability of a Si 3N 4/P(VDF-HFP) Composite Film. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4264. [PMID: 37959943 PMCID: PMC10648552 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the dielectric thermal stability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based film, nano silicon nitride (Si3N4) was introduced, and hence the energy storage performance was improved. The introduction of nano Si3N4 fillers will induce a phase transition of P(VDF-HFP) from polar β to nonpolar α, which leads to the improved energy storage property. As such, the discharging energy density of Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) composite films increased with the amount of doped Si3N4. After incorporating 10wt% Si3N4 in Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) films, the discharging density increased to 1.2 J/cm3 under a relatively low electric field of 100 MV/m. Compared with a pure P(VDF-HFP) film, both the discharging energy density and thermal dielectric relaxor temperature of Si3N4/P(VDF-HFP) increased. The working temperature increased from 80 °C to 120 °C, which is significant for ensuring its adaptability in high-temperature energy storage areas. Thus, this result indicates that Si3N4 is a key filler that can improve the thermal stability of PVDF-based energy storage polymer films and may provide a reference for high-temperature capacitor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laifei Cheng
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (J.G.); (Y.F.)
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11
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Zeng Y, Pan H, Shen Z, Shen Y, Liu Z. Improved Breakdown Strength and Restrained Leakage Current of Sandwich Structure Ferroelectric Polymers Utilizing Ultra-Thin Al 2O 3 Nanosheets. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2836. [PMID: 37947683 PMCID: PMC10648876 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible capacity applications demand a large energy storage density and high breakdown electric field strength of flexible films. Here, P(VDF-HFP) with ultra-thin Al2O3 nanosheet composite films were designed and fabricated through an electrospinning process followed by hot-pressing into a sandwich structure. The results show that the insulating ultra-thin Al2O3 nanosheets and the sandwich structure can enhance the composites' breakdown strength (by 24.8%) and energy density (by 30.6%) compared to the P(VDF-HFP) polymer matrix. An energy storage density of 23.5 J/cm3 at the ultrahigh breakdown strength of 740 kV/mm can be therefore realized. The insulating test and phase-field simulation results reveal that ultra-thin nanosheets insulating buffer layers can reduce the leakage current in composites; thus, it affects the electric field spatial distribution to enhance breakdown strength. Our research provides a feasible method to increase the breakdown strength of ferroelectric polymers, which is comparable to those of non-ferroelectric polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Faculty of Printing Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Hao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhonghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhifu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
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12
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Prabhune P, Comlek Y, Shandilya A, Sundararaman R, Schadler LS, Brinson LC, Chen W. Design of Polymer Nanodielectrics for Capacitive Energy Storage. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2394. [PMID: 37686902 PMCID: PMC10490420 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanodielectrics present a particularly challenging materials design problem for capacitive energy storage applications like polymer film capacitors. High permittivity and breakdown strength are needed to achieve high energy density and loss must be low. Strategies that increase permittivity tend to decrease the breakdown strength and increase loss. We hypothesize that a parameter space exists for fillers of modest aspect ratio functionalized with charge-trapping molecules that results in an increase in permittivity and breakdown strength simultaneously, while limiting increases in loss. In this work, we explore this parameter space, using physics-based, multiscale 3D dielectric property simulations, mixed-variable machine learning and Bayesian optimization to identify the compositions and morphologies which lead to the optimization of these competing properties. We employ first principle-based calculations for interface trap densities which are further used in breakdown strength calculations. For permittivity and loss calculations, we use continuum scale modelling and finite difference solution of Poisson's equation for steady-state currents. We propose a design framework for optimizing multiple properties by tuning design variables including the microstructure and interface properties. Finally, we employ mixed-variable global sensitivity analysis to understand the complex interplay between four continuous microstructural and two categorical interface choices to extract further physical knowledge on the design of nanodielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Prabhune
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; (P.P.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Yigitcan Comlek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
| | - Abhishek Shandilya
- Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (A.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (A.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Linda S. Schadler
- College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | - Lynda Catherine Brinson
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; (P.P.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
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13
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Zhang QP, Du FY, Liu X, Lv JH, He L, Li JL, Li YT, Zhou YL. Optimizing the dielectric constant of the shell layer in core-shell structures for enhanced energy density of polymer nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37378512 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01367g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Improved dielectric constant and breakdown strength facilitates excellent energy storage density of polymer dielectrics, which is positive to miniaturize dielectric capacitors in electronic and electrical systems. Although coating polar substances on nanoparticles enhances the dielectric constants of polymer nanocomposites, it usually causes local electric field concentration, leading to poor breakdown strength. Here, fluoropolymers with tailorable fluorine content (PF0, PF30 and PF60) are coated on BaTiO3 (BT) nanoparticles to construct typical core-shell structures that are further blended with poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) to obtain BT@PF/P(VDF-HFP) nanocomposites. Uniform dispersion of nanoparticles and excellent compatibility of interfaces are observed for the samples. In addition, the dielectric constant gradually increases from 8.03 to 8.26 to 9.12 for the nanocomposites filled with 3 wt% BT@PF0, BT@PF30 and BT@PF60, respectively. However, 3 wt% BT@PF30/P(VDF-HFP) has the highest breakdown strength (455 kV mm-1) among the nanocomposites, which is as good as neat P(VDF-HFP). More importantly, BT@PF30 rather than BT@PF60 possesses the maximum discharged energy density (11.56 J cm-3 at 485 kV mm-1), which is about 1.65 times that of neat P(VDF-HFP). This work proposes a facile experimental route to optimize the dielectric constants of the shell layer to couple the dielectric constants between the nanoparticles, shell layer and polymer matrix, which contributes to alleviating the local electric field concentration for excellent breakdown strength and electrical energy storage of polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Fang-Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Jia-Hao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Li He
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Jia-Le Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yin-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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14
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Hossein-Babaei F, Chegini E. The complex permittivity of PEDOT:PSS. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2890483. [PMID: 37184021 DOI: 10.1063/5.0142523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
High permittivity materials are required for efficient organic photovoltaic devices, and the addition of the conjugated polymer composite poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophen) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to dielectric polymers has been shown to significantly heighten their permittivity. The permittivity of PEDOT:PSS at the optical and microwave frequencies has been investigated, but PEDOT:PSS layers are mainly used for low-frequency device applications, where accurate dielectric property measurements are hindered by their high electrical conductivity and the problems arising from the metal-polymer interfaces. Here, we determine the complex relative permittivity (εr*=εr'-jεr″) of PEDOT:PSS layers perpendicular to the layer plane in the 10-2-106 Hz range by combining data from the reactive energy estimations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and discover that: εr' at <1 Hz is ultra-high (∼106) decreasing with frequency to ∼5 at 106 Hz; the experimental data fit the Cole-Cole dielectric relaxation model by considering multiple relaxation mechanisms; PEDOT:PSS polarizes nonlinearly and εr' increases with the intensity of the applied external field; low frequency εr' increases with both thickness and temperature of the layer, opposite trend of temperature-dependence prevails at >103 Hz; the dielectric properties of PEDOT:PSS are highly anisotropic and the in-plane εr' at 1.0 kHz is three orders of magnitude higher than the vertical εr'; and that the εr'' decreases proportional to the reciprocal of frequency (1/f). The latter finding provides an explanation for the ubiquitous pink noise accompanying signals transmitted through organic conductor links. The described methodology can be adopted for investigations on other conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Hossein-Babaei
- Electronic Materials Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Chegini
- Electronic Materials Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 16317-14191, Iran
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15
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Qian X, Chen X, Zhu L, Zhang QM. Fluoropolymer ferroelectrics: Multifunctional platform for polar-structured energy conversion. Science 2023; 380:eadg0902. [PMID: 37167372 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg0902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric materials are currently some of the most widely applied material systems and are constantly generating improved functions with higher efficiencies. Advancements in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based polymer ferroelectrics provide flexural, coupling-efficient, and multifunctional material platforms for applications that demand portable, lightweight, wearable, and durable features. We highlight the recent advances in fluoropolymer ferroelectrics, their energetic cross-coupling effects, and emerging technologies, including wearable, highly efficient electromechanical actuators and sensors, electrocaloric refrigeration, and dielectric devices. These developments reveal that the molecular and nanostructure manipulations of the polarization-field interactions, through facile defect biasing, could introduce enhancements in the physical effects that would enable the realization of multisensory and multifunctional wearables for the emerging immersive virtual world and smart systems for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Centre, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Q M Zhang
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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16
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Li Q, Ju T, Li R, Wang S, Yang Y, Ishida H, Harn YW, Chen J, Hirt B, Sehirlioglu A, Lin Z, Zhu L. Investigation into the crystal structure-dielectric property correlation in barium titanate nanocrystals of different sizes. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7829-7844. [PMID: 37057395 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00350g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
For high capacitance multilayer ceramic capacitors, high dielectric constant and lead-free ceramic nanoparticles are highly desired. However, as the particle size decreases to a few tens of nanometers, their dielectric constant significantly decreases, and the underlying mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we report a systematic investigation into the crystal structure-dielectric property relationship of combustion-made BaTiO3 (BTO) nanocrystals. When the nanocrystal size was 100 nm and below, a metastable paraelectric cubic phase was found in the as-received BTO (denoted as arBTO) nanocrystals based on an X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. A stable ferroelectric tetragonal phase was present when the nanocrystal size was above 200 nm. Notably, the cubic arBTO (particle size ≤100 nm) exhibited tetragonal fluctuations as revealed by Raman spectroscopy, whereas the tetragonal arBTO (particle size ≥200 nm) contained ∼10% cubic fraction according to the Rietveld fitting of the XRD profiles. Thermal annealing of the multi-grain tetragonal arBTO at 950 °C yielded single crystals of annealed BTO (denoted as anBTO), whose dielectric constants were higher than those of arBTO. However, the single crystalline anBTO prevented the formation of 90° domains; therefore, they exhibited a low dielectric constant of ∼300. Although X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy could not identify the exact structural defects, our study revealed that surface and bulk defects formed during synthesis affect the final crystal structures and thus the dielectric properties of BTO nanocrystals with different sizes. The understanding obtained from this study will help us design high dielectric constant perovskite nanocrystals for next-generation multilayer ceramic capacitor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Tianxiong Ju
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Yeu-Wei Harn
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jihua Chen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Benjamin Hirt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Alp Sehirlioglu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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17
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Du H, Shi Z, Hou Q, Xia S, Yin P, Dastan D, Cui H, Fan R. Gold Sputtering at the Interfaces: An Easily Operated Strategy for Enhancing the Energy Storage Capability of Laminated Polymer Dielectrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17103-17112. [PMID: 36952632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymers with excellent dielectric properties are strongly desired for pulsed power film capacitors. However, the adverse coupling between the dielectric constant and breakdown strength greatly limits the energy storage capability of polymers. In this work, we report an easily operated method to solve this problem via sputtering the interface of bilayer polymer films with ultralow content of gold nanoparticles. Interestingly, the gold nanoparticles can effectively block the movement of charge carriers because of the Coulomb blocking effect, yielding significantly enhanced breakdown strength. Meanwhile, the gold nanoparticles can act as electrodes to form numerous equivalent microcapacitors, resulting in an obviously enhanced dielectric constant. Impressively, the polymer film with merely 0.01 vol % gold nanoparticles exhibits an obvious dielectric constant and breakdown strength, which are 129 and 131% that of the pristine polymer film, respectively. Consequently, a high energy density which is 176% of that of the pristine polymer film is achieved, and a high efficiency of 79.2% is maintained. Moreover, this process can be well combined with the production process of commercial dielectric polymer films, which is beneficial for mass production. This work offers an easily operated way to improve the dielectric capacitive energy storage properties of polymers, which could also be applicable to other materials, such as ceramics and composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houmeng Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhicheng Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qing Hou
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Shuimiao Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Peng Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Davoud Dastan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, United States
| | - Hongzhi Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Runhua Fan
- Institute of Marine Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China
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18
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Tripathy D, Chakroborty S, Gadtya AS, Mahaling RN, Moharana S, Barik A, Pal K. Enhanced dielectric and electrical performance of phosphonic acid-modified tantalum (Ta)-doped potassium sodium niobate (KNaNbO 3)-P(VDF-HFP) composites. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2023; 46:21. [PMID: 36971876 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PA-KNNT-P(VDF-HFP) composite films were synthesized using facile solution casting technique. Due to their wide range of applications in dielectric and electrical systems, phosphonic acid (PA)-modified tantalum-doped potassium sodium niobate (KNNT)-polyvinylidene fluoride co-hexafluoropropylene P(VDF-HFP) composite films have piqued the interest of academic researchers. Microstructural analysis showed that PA layers incorporated onto the KNNT particles within the polymer matrix. The PA-KNNT-P(VDF-HFP) composite exhibited improved dielectric and electrical performance over a broad range of frequency, and the value of the dielectric constant of the P(VDF-HFP) composites is improved by ≈119 over the P(VDF-HFP) matrix at a filler loading 19 wt.%. Moreover, PA-KNNT-P(VDF-HFP) composite also reveals higher dielectric constant (≈ 119) and AC conductivity than P(VDF-HFP)-KNNT composites, while maintaining suppressed dielectric loss ([Formula: see text] at 102 Hz). It is also observed that the PA-KNNT-P(VDF-HFP) composite exhibited an insulator-conductor transition with a percolation threshold of fKNNT = 13.4 wt.%. As a result of their exceptional dielectric and electrical characteristics, PA-KNNT-P(VDF-HFP) composites have the potential to find exciting practical applications in a variety of electronic domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajani Tripathy
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, India
| | | | - Ankita Subhrasmita Gadtya
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, India
| | - Ram Naresh Mahaling
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, 768019, India
| | - Srikanta Moharana
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, India.
| | - Arundhati Barik
- Rama Devi Women's University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751007, India
| | - Kaushik Pal
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Gharuan, Punjab, India.
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19
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Wang F, Cai J, Yang C, Luo H, Li X, Hou H, Zou G, Zhang D. Improved Capacitive Energy Storage Nanocomposites at High Temperature Utilizing Ultralow Loading of Bimetallic MOF. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300510. [PMID: 36929673 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent to develop high-temperature dielectrics with high energy density and high energy efficiency for next-generation capacitor demands. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely used due to their structural diversity and functionally adaptable properties. Doping of metal nodes in MOFs is an effective strategy to change the band gap and band edge positions of the original MOFs, which helps to improve their ability to bind charges as traps. In this work, the incorporation of ultralow loading (<1.5 wt%) of novel bimetallic MOFs (ZIF 8-67) into the polyetherimide (PEI) polymer matrix is exhibited. With the addition of ZIF 8-67, the breakdown strength and energy storage capacity of ZIF 8-67/PEI nanocomposites are significantly improved, especially at high temperatures (200 °C). For example, the energy densitiy of the 0.5 wt% ZIF 8-67/PEI nanocomposite is up to 2.96 J cm-3 , with an efficiency (η) > 90% at 150 °C. At 200 °C, the discharge energy density of 0.25 wt% ZIF 8-67/PEI nanocomposites can still reach 1.84 J cm-3 with a η > 90%, which is nine times higher than that of pure PEI (0.21 J cm-3 ) under the same conditions, and it is the largest improvement compared with the previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jieming Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaona Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hongshuai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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20
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Liu CY, Li DL, Wang ZH, Li Y, Zhou SY, Xu L, Zhong GJ, Huang HD, Li ZM. Massively Parallel Aligned Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibrils in All-Organic Dielectric Polymer Composite Films for Electric Energy Storage. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - De-Long Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Sheng-Yang Zhou
- Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ling Xu
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hua-Dong Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
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21
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Li H, Chang BS, Kim H, Xie Z, Lainé A, Ma L, Xu T, Yang C, Kwon J, Shelton SW, Klivansky LM, Altoé V, Gao B, Schwartzberg AM, Peng Z, Ritchie RO, Xu T, Salmeron M, Ruiz R, Sharpless KB, Wu P, Liu Y. High-performing polysulfate dielectrics for electrostatic energy storage under harsh conditions. JOULE 2023; 7:95-111. [PMID: 37034575 PMCID: PMC10078921 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
High capacity polymer dielectrics that operate with high efficiencies under harsh electrification conditions are essential components for advanced electronics and power systems. It is, however, fundamentally challenging to design polymer dielectrics that can reliably withstand demanding temperatures and electric fields, which necessitate the balance of key electronic, electrical and thermal parameters. Herein, we demonstrate that polysulfates, synthesized by sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) catalysis, another near-perfect click chemistry reaction, serve as high-performing dielectric polymers that overcome such bottlenecks. Free-standing polysulfate thin films from convenient solution processes exhibit superior insulating properties and dielectric stability at elevated temperatures, which are further enhanced when ultrathin (~5 nm) oxide coatings are deposited by atomic layer deposition. The corresponding electrostatic film capacitors display high breakdown strength (>700 MV m-1) and discharged energy density of 8.64 J cm-3 at 150 °C, outperforming state-of-the-art free-standing capacitor films based on commercial and synthetic dielectric polymers and nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Boyce S. Chang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- These authors contributed equally
- Present address: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Hyunseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zongliang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Antione Lainé
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Le Ma
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tianlei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Chongqing Yang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junpyo Kwon
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Steve W. Shelton
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Liana M. Klivansky
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Virginia Altoé
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Adam M. Schwartzberg
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Zongren Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Robert O. Ritchie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Miquel Salmeron
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ricardo Ruiz
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - K. Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Lead contact
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22
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Liu XJ, Zhong SL, Zheng MS, Dang ZM, Chen G, Zha JW. Enhanced High-Temperature Capacitive Performance of a Bilayer-Structured Composite Film Employing a Charge Blocking Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1105-1114. [PMID: 36584331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The great development potential of polymer dielectric capacitors in harsh environments urgently requires enhancing capacitive performance at high temperatures. However, the exponentially increased conduction loss at high temperature and high field results in a drastic drop in energy density and charge-discharge efficiency. Here, a bilayer-structured polyimide (PI) composite film containing a wide-band gap inorganic layer as a charge blocking layer is designed. The inorganic layer improves the charge trapping ability and regulates the charge mobility at the electrode/dielectric interface. The charge injection mechanism in the interface-optimized PI/boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) composite films is investigated by finite element simulation, and the effect of the BNNS layer on high temperature conduction is further understood. An appropriate thickness of the charge blocking layer establishes an effective energy barrier. Therefore, the composite films exhibit significantly suppressed conduction loss and excellent capacitive performance at a high temperature. A high energy density of 4.37 J cm-3 with efficiency of 92% is obtained at 200 °C and 500 MV m-1, which is superior to reported high-temperature dielectric polymers and their composite films. This work provides a promising approach to improve the energy storage performance of polymer materials at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Long Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Sheng Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, P. R. China
| | - George Chen
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Jun-Wei Zha
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, P. R. China
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23
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Luo J, Tong H, Mo S, Zhou F, Zuo S, Yin C, Xu J, Li X. Integrated exploration of experimentation and molecular simulation in ester-containing polyimide dielectrics. RSC Adv 2023; 13:963-972. [PMID: 36686917 PMCID: PMC9811354 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing development of film capacitors in various applications, the requirements for polymer dielectrics have increased accordingly. In this work, a series of ester-cotaining polyimide (EPI) dielectrics were designed and fabricated. Futhermore, integrated exploration of experimentation and molecular simulation is proposed to achieve polymer dielectrics with advanced comprehensive performance, as well as to analyze the dielectric mechanism in-depth. The EPIs show superior thermal resistance and dielectric properties. A Weibull breakdown strength of 440-540 MV m-1, permittivity of 3.52-3.85, dissipation factor of 0.627-0.880% and theoretical energy density of 3.13-4.90 J cm-3 were obtained for the EPIs. The relationship between microscopic parameters and dielectric behavior was investigated in detail. According to the experimental and calculated results, there is close correlation between dipolar moment density (μ/V vdw) and dielectric permittivity (ε r). It is deduced that the integrated research of experiments and molecular simulation would be an effective strategy to reveal the dielectric mechanism as well as assist in the molecular design of polymer dielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Luo
- Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China,Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Hui Tong
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Song Mo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China
| | - Song Zuo
- Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China
| | - Chuanqiang Yin
- Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China
| | - Ju Xu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Institute of Photovoltaics, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China
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24
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Yang M, Ren W, Guo M, Shen Y. High-Energy-Density and High Efficiency Polymer Dielectrics for High Temperature Electrostatic Energy Storage: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205247. [PMID: 36266932 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectrics are key components for electrostatic capacitors in energy, transportation, military, and aerospace fields, where their operation temperature can be boosted beyond 125 °C. While most polymers bear poor thermal stability and severe dielectric loss at elevated temperatures, numerous linear polymers with linear D-E loops and low dielectric permittivity exhibit low loss and high thermal stability. Therefore, the broad prospect of electrostatic capacitors under extreme conditions is anticipated for linear polymers, along with intensive efforts to enhance their energy density with high efficiency in recent years. In this article, an overview of recent progress in linear polymers and their composites for high-energy-density electrostatic capacitors at elevated temperatures is presented. Three key factors determining energy storage performance, including polarization, breakdown strength, and thermal stability, and their couplings are discussed. Strategies including chain modulation, filler selection, and design of topological structure are summarized. Key parameters for electrical and thermal evaluations of polymer dielectrics are also introduced. At the end of this review, research challenges and future opportunities for better performance and industrialization of dielectrics based on linear polymers are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzheng Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weibin Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mengfan Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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25
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Min Y, Yu J, Xu P, Li P, Luo S, Chu B, Yu S. Polyimide Films Impregnated with Epoxy Resin Demonstrating Superior Self-Healing Properties for Thermally Stable Energy Storage Capacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51265-51274. [PMID: 36326237 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metallized polymer films (MPFs) with superior self-healing properties are extremely attractive for application in energy storage capacitors. Self-healing behaviors allow MPFs to keep insulating between the local electrical breakdown region and the electrode, thereby reserving long-term operational viability of the capacitors. Polyimide (PI) is a type of well-developed polymer material with excellent mechanical and thermal stabilities, but it is deficient in intrinsic self-healing capabilities. This work reports a facile surface engineering strategy to endow metalized PI films with self-healing capabilities. By simple immersion of bare PI films in the solution of epoxy resin (ER) accompanied by curing of ER, PI films impregnated with ER (P-E films) not only show enhanced dielectric characteristics but also obtain excellent self-healing abilities upon multiple cycles of electrical breakdowns, even at a high temperature. For example, in comparison to bare PI films, PI films impregnated in ER solution with a solid content of 1 wt % (P-1%E) display improved initial Weibull breakdown strength (αb1 of 353.0 versus 310.9 kV/mm), maximum discharging energy density (Ud of 2.1836 versus 0.8254 J/cm3), and charging/discharging efficiency (η of 95.72 versus 55.19%) at 150 °C. After 5 breakdown cycles, P-1%E films could maintain a much higher breakdown strength (αb5 of 338.1 versus 21.3 kV/mm). When subjected to a constant electrical strength of 350 kV/mm at 150 °C, P-1%E films show merely <6% decline in both Ud and η values after 5 breakdown cycles. On the contrary, bare PI films would undergo dramatic performance decay after 1 or 2 breakdowns under similar conditions. In view of their outstanding self-healing properties at a high temperature, P-E films can serve as a promising candidate to fabricate thermally stable MPF capacitors for long-term operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Min
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215127, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengpeng Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
| | - Suibin Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojin Chu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518103, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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26
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Ren W, Yang M, Zhou L, Fan Y, He S, Pan J, Tang T, Xiao Y, Nan CW, Shen Y. Scalable Ultrathin All-Organic Polymer Dielectric Films for High-Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207421. [PMID: 36210753 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of electronic devices and power systems for capacitive energy storage under harsh environments requires scalable high-quality ultrathin high-temperature dielectric films. To meet the need, ultrasonic spray-coating (USC) can be used. Novel polyimides with a dipolar group, CF3 (F-PI), and all-organic composites with trace organic semiconductor can serve as models. These scalable high-quality ultrathin films (≈2.6 and ≈5.2 µm) are successfully fabricated via USC. The high quality of the films is evaluated from the micro-millimeter scale to the sub-millimeter and above. The high glass transition temperature Tg (≈340 °C) and concurrent large bandgap Eg (≈3.53 eV) induced by weak conjugation from considerable interchain distance (≈6.2 Å) enable F-PI to be an excellent matrix delivering a discharge energy density with 90% discharge efficiency Uη90 of 2.85 J cm-3 at 200 °C. Further, the incorporation of a trace organic semiconductor leads to a record Uη90 of ≈4.39 J cm-3 at 200 °C due to the markedly enhanced breakdown strength caused by deep charge traps of ≈2 eV. Also, a USC-fabricated multilayer F-PI foil capacitor with ≈85 nF (six layers) has good performance at 150 °C. These results confirm that USC is an excellent technology to fabricate high-quality ultrathin dielectric films and capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Ren
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Minzheng Yang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhou
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Youjun Fan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Pan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tongxiang Tang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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27
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Luo H, Wang F, Guo R, Zhang D, He G, Chen S, Wang Q. Progress on Polymer Dielectrics for Electrostatic Capacitors Application. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202438. [PMID: 35981884 PMCID: PMC9561874 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectrics are attracting increasing attention for electrical energy storage owing to their advantages of mechanical flexibility, corrosion resistance, facile processability, light weight, great reliability, and high operating voltages. However, the dielectric constants of most dielectric polymers are less than 10, which results in low energy densities and limits their applications in electrostatic capacitors for advanced electronics and electrical power systems. Therefore, intensive efforts have been placed on the development of high-energy-density polymer dielectrics. In this perspective, the most recent results on the all-organic polymer dielectrics are summarized, including molecular structure design, polymer blends, and layered structured polymers. The challenges in the field and suggestions for future research on high-energy-density polymer dielectrics are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Ru Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgyCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan Province410083China
| | - Guanghu He
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan Province411105China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan Province411105China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
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28
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Zhao D, Cai Q, Zhu X, Xu W, Zhou Q, Niu S, Jiang Z, Zhang Y. Multilayer Dielectric Nanocomposites with Cross-Linked Dielectric Transition Interlayers for High-Temperature Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42531-42540. [PMID: 36074023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In energy storage and transportation systems, polymer dielectrics are widely applied in smart grids, electric vehicles, and power conditioning owing to their incomparable power density and high reliability. However, the dielectric constant (ε) and breakdown strength (Eb) normally cannot be increased simultaneously, which results in insufficient discharged energy density especially at high temperatures. In this work, enhanced Eb and high energy density are archived in multilayer polymer nanocomposites by introducing cross-linked dielectric transition layers. Specifically, the sandwiched composite achieves a huge discharge energy density of 4.64 J cm-3 with a charged-discharged efficiency of 84% at 150 °C and 500 MV m-1. The formation of cross-linked dielectric transition layers between layers of the multilayer nanocomposite could effectively restrain the growth of the electrical tree and greatly increase the Eb. This work presents a strategy for designing high-performance multilayered dielectric polymer nanocomposites by introducing cross-linked dielectric transition layers to reduce the loss from interlayer interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qiannan Cai
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuanbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Xu
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Qiwen Zhou
- Northeast Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., No. 4368 Renmin Street, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Sen Niu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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29
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Qin H, Liu K, Tian M, Mi J, Zhang L. How interfacial strength affects dielectric performance in Silica/Poly(methyl acrylate) nanocomposites? POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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30
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Crystalline Phases Thermal Behaviour, Optical Energy Band Gap, and Broadband Radio Wave Frequency Dielectric Properties of PEO/PVDF Blend Films. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Crystalline phases thermal behaviour and radio frequencies dielectric properties of PVDF/PEO/metal oxides hybrid polymer nanocomposite films. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Pieters PF, Lainé A, Li H, Lu YH, Singh Y, Wang LW, Liu Y, Xu T, Alivisatos AP, Salmeron M. Multiscale Characterization of the Influence of the Organic-Inorganic Interface on the Dielectric Breakdown of Nanocomposites. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6744-6754. [PMID: 35393857 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale engineered materials such as nanocomposites can display or be designed to enhance their material properties through control of the internal interfaces. Here, we unveil the nanoscale origin and important characteristics of the enhanced dielectric breakdown capabilities of gold nanoparticle/polymer nanocomposites. Our multiscale approach spans from the study of a single chemically designed organic/inorganic interface to micrometer-thick films. At the nanoscale, we relate the improved breakdown strength to the interfacial charge retention capability by combining scanning probe measurements and density functional theory calculations. At the meso- and macroscales, our findings highlight the relevance of the nanoparticle concentration and distribution in determining and enhancing the dielectric properties, as well as identifying this as a crucial limiting factor for the achievable sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla F Pieters
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Antoine Lainé
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - He Li
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi-Hsien Lu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yashpal Singh
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lin-Wang Wang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A Paul Alivisatos
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Miquel Salmeron
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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33
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Qiu J, Gu Q, Sha Y, Huang Y, Zhang M, Luo Z. Preparation and application of dielectric polymers with high permittivity and low energy loss: A mini review. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Nanjing Forestry University College of Science Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Qun Gu
- Chemistry Department Edinboro University of Pennsylvania Edinboro Pennsylvania USA
| | - Ye Sha
- Nanjing Forestry University College of Science Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Nanjing Forestry University Inst Polymer Mat Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yang Huang
- Nanjing Forestry University College of Science Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- Nanjing Forestry University College of Science Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Nanjing Forestry University Inst Polymer Mat Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
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34
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Bury E, Koh AS. Multimodal Deformation of Liquid Metal Multimaterial Composites as Stretchable, Dielectric Materials for Capacitive Pressure Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13678-13691. [PMID: 35258947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional electronic devices are composed of rigid materials and components that tend to be unsuitable for soft robotic and stretchable electronic applications, such as wearable or continuous pressure sensing. However, deformable materials have the potential to improve upon traditional devices through enhanced sensitivity and responsiveness, better conformability and biocompatibility at the human-machine interface, and greater durability. This work presents deformable composite materials composed of the gallium-indium-tin alloy galinstan (GaInSn) that combines the conductivity of a metal and the intrinsic deformability of a liquid. Dispersing galinstan in an elastomer allows for the formation of deformable dielectric materials that have tunable mechanical and electrical behavior, for example, modulus and relative permittivity. Galinstan composites have been shown previously to have a minimal modulus impact on the elastomer but concurrently achieve impressive dielectric performance. However, galinstan dispersions can be costly and face challenges of mechanical and electrical reliability. Thereby, this work investigates multimaterial composites composed of galinstan and a rigid filler, either iron or barium titanate, with respect to morphology, mechanical behavior, dielectric behavior, and pressure sensing performance for the purpose of achieving a balance between a low modulus and superior electrical performance. By combining galinstan and rigid fillers, it was found that the mechanical and electrical properties, such as modulus, permittivity, loss behavior, sensitivity, and linearity of the multimaterial composites can be improved by tuning filler formulation. This suggests that these dielectric materials can be used for sensing applications that can be precisely calibrated to specific material properties and the needs of the user. These deformable multimaterial composites, found to be stretchable and highly responsive in sensing applications, will expand the current mechanical abilities of deformable dielectric materials to improve soft robotic and stretchable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bury
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Amanda S Koh
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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35
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Cao Q, Zhu W, Chen W, Chen X, Yang R, Yang S, Zhang H, Gui X, Chen J. Nonsolid TiO x Nanoparticles/PVDF Nanocomposite for Improved Energy Storage Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:8226-8234. [PMID: 35112828 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanofiller/polymer nanocomposites are promising dielectrics for energy harvesting to be applied in wearable and flexible electronics. The structural design of the nanofillers plays a vital role to improve the energy storage performance of the related nanocomposites. Here, we fabricate a flexible device based on nonsolid titanium oxide (TiOx) nanoparticles/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to achieve enhanced energy storage performance at low loading. The room-temperature oxidation method is used to oxidize two-dimensional MXene (Ti3C2Tx) flakes to form partially hollow TiOx nanoparticles. Taking advantage of this structure, the flexible TiOx nanoparticles/PVDF nanocomposite with an ultralow loading content of 1 wt % nanofillers shows high energy storage performance, including a dielectric constant of ≈22 at 1 kHz, a breakdown strength of ≈480 MV m-1, and an energy storage density of 7.43 J cm-3. The finite element simulation further reveals that the optimization of the energy storage performance is ascribed to the lower electric potential among the partially hollow TiOx nanoparticles, which enhances the breakdown strength of the nanocomposites. This work opens a new avenue to structurally design and fabricate low-loading polymer-based nanocomposites for energy storage applications in next-generation flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Chen
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
| | - Rongliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shaodian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
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