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Ding X, Ding YF, Huang C, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhu C, Li Z. Non-Covalent Interaction Enhancement on Active/Interfacial Layers via Two-Dimensional Vermiculite Doping for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311715. [PMID: 38396319 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Interface modification plays an important role in improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the low non-covalent interaction between the cathode interface layer (CIL) and nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) directly affects the charge collection of OSCs. Here, the non-covalent interaction between the CIL and NFA is enhanced by introducing the 2D vermiculite (VML) in the poly(9,9-bis(3'-(N,N-dimethyl)-Nethylammonium-propyl-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) dibromide (PFN-Br) interface layer to form an efficient electron transport channel. As a result, the electron extraction efficiency from the active layer to the CIL is increased, and the PCE of OSCs based on PBDB-T:ITIC is boosted from 10.87% to 12.89%. In addition, the strategy of CIL doping VML is proven to be universal in different CIL materials, for which the PCE is boosted from 10.21% to 11.57% for OSCs based on PDINN and from 9.82% to 11.27% for OSCs based on PNDIT-F3N. The results provide a viable option for designing efficient CIL for high-performance non-fullerene OSCs, which may promote the commercialization of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ding
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Ding
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Huang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Yuehao Li
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Chunguang Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, 643002, P. R. China
| | - Zhenye Li
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
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2
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Li Y, Zhou D, Han L, Quan J, Wang F, Yang X, Hu L, Wang J, Xu H, Chen L. N-Type Small Molecule Electron Transport Layers with Excellent Surface Energy and Moisture Resistance Siloxane for Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308961. [PMID: 38059861 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport layers (ETLs) generally contain polar groups for enhancing performance and reducing the work function. Nevertheless, the polar group with high surface energy may cause inferior interfacial compatibility, which challenges the ETLs to balance stability and performance. Here, two conjugated small molecules of ETLs with low surface energy siloxane, namely PDI-Si and PDIN-Si, are synthesized. The siloxane with low surface energy not only enhances the interfacial compatibility between ETLs and active layers but also improves the moisture-proof stability of the device. Impressively, the amine-functionalized PDIN-Si can simultaneously exhibit conspicuous n-type self-doping properties and outstanding moisture-proof stability. The optimization of interfacial contact and morphology enables the PM6:Y6-based OSC with PDIN-Si to achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.87%, which is slightly superior to that of classical ETL PDINO devices (15.27%), and when the PDIN-Si film thickness reaches 28 nm, the PCE remains at 13.19% (≈83%), which indicates that PDIN-Si has satisfactory thickness insensitivity to facilitate roll-to-roll processing. Excitingly, after 120 h of storage in an environment with humidity above 45%, the unencapsulated device with PDIN-Si as ETL remains at 75% of the initial PCE value, while the device with PDINO as ETL is only 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Liangjing Han
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Jianwei Quan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Xufang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Lin Hu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Lie Chen
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
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Samir M, Moustafa E, Almora O, Ramírez-Como M, Montero-Rama MP, Sánchez JG, Palomares E, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. CPE-Na-Based Hole Transport Layers for Improving the Stability in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells: A Comprehensive Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16317-16327. [PMID: 38526453 PMCID: PMC10995908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have experienced significant development in the last decades after the introduction of nonfullerene acceptor molecules with top power conversion efficiencies reported over 19% and considerable versatility, for example, with application in transparent/semitransparent and flexible photovoltaics. Yet, the optimization of the operational stability continues to be a challenge. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the use of a conjugated polyelectrolyte polymer (CPE-Na) as a hole layer (HTL) to improve the performance and longevity of OPV cells. Two different fabrication approaches were adopted: integrating CPE-Na with PEDOT:PSS to create a composite HTL and using CPE-Na as a stand-alone bilayer deposited beneath PEDOT:PSS on the ITO substrate. These configurations were compared against a reference device employing PEDOT:PSS alone, as the HTL increased efficiency and fill factor. The instruments with CPE-Na also demonstrated increased stability in the dark and under simulated operational conditions. Device-based PEDOT:PSS as an HTL reached T80 after 2500 h while involving CPE-Na in the device kept at T90 in the same period, evidenced by a reduced degradation rate. Furthermore, the impedance spectroscopy and photoinduced transient methods suggest optimized charge transfer and reduced charge carrier recombination. These findings collectively highlight the potential of CPE-Na as a HTL optimizer material for nonfluorine OPV cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Samir
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Enas Moustafa
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Science
and Engineering of Renewable Energy Department, Faculty of Postgraduate
Studies for Advanced Science, Beni Suef
University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Osbel Almora
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Magaly Ramírez-Como
- Sección
de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, UPIITA Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Maria Pilar Montero-Rama
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia-CERCA (ICIQ-CERCA), Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia-CERCA (ICIQ-CERCA), Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Institución
Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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Tang H, Bai Y, Zhao H, Qin X, Hu Z, Zhou C, Huang F, Cao Y. Interface Engineering for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2212236. [PMID: 36867581 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made dramatic advancements during the past decades owing to the innovative material design and device structure optimization, with power conversion efficiencies surpassing 19% and 20% for single-junction and tandem devices, respectively. Interface engineering, by modifying interface properties between different layers for OSCs, has become a vital part to promote the device efficiency. It is essential to elucidate the intrinsic working mechanism of interface layers, as well as the related physical and chemical processes that manipulate device performance and long-term stability. In this article, the advances in interface engineering aimed to pursue high-performance OSCs are reviewed. The specific functions and corresponding design principles of interface layers are summarized first. Then, the anode interface layer, cathode interface layer in single-junction OSCs, and interconnecting layer of tandem devices are discussed in separate categories, and the interface engineering-related improvements on device efficiency and stability are analyzed. Finally, the challenges and prospects associated with application of interface engineering are discussed with the emphasis on large-area, high-performance, and low-cost device manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Tang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xudong Qin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
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5
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Hong S, Park B, Balamurugan C, Lee J, Kwon S. Impact of solvents on doctor blade coatings and bathocuproine cathode interlayer for large-area organic solar cell modules. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18209. [PMID: 37519700 PMCID: PMC10372324 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to commercialize organic solar cells (OSCs) by developing roll-to-roll compatible modules have encountered challenges in optimizing printing processes to attain laboratory-level performance in fully printable OSC architectures. In this study, we present efficient OSC modules fabricated solely through printing methods. We systematically evaluated the impact of processing solvents on the morphology of crucial layers, such as the hole transport, photoactive, and electron transport layers, applied using the doctor blade coating method, with a particular focus on processability. Notably, deposition of charge transport layer using printing techniques is still a challenging task, mainly due to the hydrophobic characteristic of the organic photoactive layer. To overcome this issue, we investigated the solvent effect of a well-studied cathode interlayer, bathocuproine (BCP). We were able to form a uniform thin BCP film (∼10 nm) on a non-fullerene based organic photoactive layer using the doctor bladed coating method. Our results showed that the use of volatile alcohols in the BCP processing required a delicate balance between wettability and vaporization, which contrasted with the results for spin-coated films. These findings provide important insights into improving the efficiency of printing techniques for depositing charge transport layers. The fully printed OSC modules, featuring uniform and continuous BCP layer formation, achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency of 10.8% with a total area of 10.0 cm2 and a geometrical fill factor of 86.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonil Hong
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungwook Park
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandran Balamurugan
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Physics, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooncheol Kwon
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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6
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Zhou D, Han L, Hu L, Yang S, Shen X, Li Y, Tong Y, Wang F, Li Z, Chen L. Bay-Functionalized Perylene Diimide Derivative Cathode Interfacial Layer for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8367-8376. [PMID: 36721874 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic solar cells (OSCs) has acquired rapid progress with the development of nonfullerene acceptors. Interfacial engineering is also significant for the enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in OSCs. Among the cathode interfacial materials (CIMs), perylene diimide (PDI) small molecules are promising owing to the excellent electron affinity and electron mobility. Although the well-known PDINN molecule has excellent properties, it has a high planarity formed by an extensive rigid π-conjugated backbone. Because the PDI molecular backbone has a strong tendency to aggregate, it causes the problem of excessive molecular aggregation and stacking, which directly leads to excessive crystallinity. Proper accumulation is beneficial for charge transport, but oversized crystals formed by overaggregation will hinder charge transport, ultimately affecting the film morphology and charge transport efficiency. Modifying the bay position of PDINN is an effective strategy to reduce the planarity, modulate the molecular aggregation, optimize the morphology, and enhance the charge-collecting efficiency. Therefore, PDINN-S was synthesized from PDINN by substituting the hydrogen with thiophene. The optimal PCE in the PM6:Y6 active layer was 16.18% and remained at 80% of the initial value after 720 h in a glovebox. This provides some guidance for exploring CIMs and preparing large-scale OSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang330063, China
| | - Liangjing Han
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang330063, China
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, 899 Guangqiong Avenue, Jiaxing314001, China
| | - Lin Hu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, 899 Guangqiong Avenue, Jiaxing314001, China
| | - Shu Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Xingxing Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Yubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang330063, China
| | - Yongfen Tong
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang330063, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang330063, China
| | - Zaifang Li
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, 899 Guangqiong Avenue, Jiaxing314001, China
| | - Lie Chen
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
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7
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Zhou D, Quan J, Zhang H, Zheng H, Xu Z, Wang F, Hu L, Liu J, Tong Y, Chen L. Small-Molecule Electron Transport Layer with Siloxane-Functionalized Side Chains for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54063-54072. [PMID: 36442138 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Active layer materials with silicone side chains have been broadly reported to have excellent long-term stability in harsh environments. However, the application of conjugated materials with silicone side chains in electron transport layers (ETLs) has rarely been reported. In this research, we synthesized for the first time a siloxane-modified perylene-diimide derivative (PDI-OSi) consisting of a side-chain substituent of siloxane and a conjugated group of perylene-diimide (PDI). The inserted siloxane functional groups not only can strengthen the light transmittance of PDI-OSi but also can remarkably expand its solubility and improve the film-forming ability and air stability of the material. Second, introducing siloxane-containing side chains can dramatically lower the work function and interfacial barrier of the electrode, thereby achieving a favorable ohmic contact. In addition, the moderate surface energy of siloxane functional groups makes PDI-OSi hydrophobic, which is conducive to forming excellent miscibility with hydrophobic active layers to promote charge transfer. When PDI-OSi is used as an ETL in organic solar cells (OSCs), operative exciton dissociation and more favorable surface morphology enable OSCs to realize a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.99%. These results indicate that side-chain engineering with siloxane pendants is a facile strategy for constructing efficient OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jianwei Quan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Hehui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Haolan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Zhentian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Lin Hu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yongfen Tong
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Lie Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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8
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Liu Q, Zeiske S, Jiang X, Desta D, Mertens S, Gielen S, Shanivarasanthe R, Boyen HG, Armin A, Vandewal K. Electron-donating amine-interlayer induced n-type doping of polymer:nonfullerene blends for efficient narrowband near-infrared photo-detection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5194. [PMID: 36057674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherently narrowband near-infrared organic photodetectors are highly desired for many applications, including biological imaging and surveillance. However, they suffer from a low photon-to-charge conversion efficiencies and utilize spectral narrowing techniques which strongly rely on the used material or on a nano-photonic device architecture. Here, we demonstrate a general and facile approach towards wavelength-selective near-infrared phtotodetection through intentionally n-doping 500-600 nm-thick nonfullerene blends. We show that an electron-donating amine-interlayer can induce n-doping, resulting in a localized electric field near the anode and selective collection of photo-generated carriers in this region. As only weakly absorbed photons reach this region, the devices have a narrowband response at wavelengths close to the absorption onset of the blends with a high spectral rejection ratio. These spectrally selective photodetectors exhibit zero-bias external quantum efficiencies of ~20-30% at wavelengths of 900-1100 nm, with a full-width-at-half-maximum of ≤50 nm, as well as detectivities of >1012 Jones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liu
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Zeiske
- Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Xueshi Jiang
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Derese Desta
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sigurd Mertens
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sam Gielen
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rachith Shanivarasanthe
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hans-Gerd Boyen
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ardalan Armin
- Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Koen Vandewal
- Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,IMOMEC Division, IMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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9
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Yao J, Ding S, Zhang R, Bai Y, Zhou Q, Meng L, Solano E, Steele JA, Roeffaers MBJ, Gao F, Zhang ZG, Li Y. Fluorinated Perylene-Diimides: Cathode Interlayers Facilitating Carrier Collection for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203690. [PMID: 35726683 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have experienced rapid progress with the innovation of near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing small-molecular acceptors (SMAs), while the unique electronic properties of the SMAs raise new challenges in relation to cathode engineering for effective electron collection. To address this issue, two fluorinated perylene-diimides (PDIs), PDINN-F and PDINN-2F, are synthesized by a simple fluorination method, for application as cathode interlayer (CIL) materials. The two bay-fluorinated PDI-based CILs possess a lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of ≈-4.0 eV, which improves the energy level alignment at the NIR-SMAs (such as BTP-eC9)/CIL for a favorable electron extraction efficiency. The monofluorinated PDINN-F shows higher electron mobility and better improved interfacial compatibility. The PDINN-F-based OSCs with PM6:BTP-eC9 as active layer exhibit an enhanced fill factor and larger short-circuit current density, leading to a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 18%. The devices with PDINN-F CIL retain more than 80% of their initial PCE after operating at the maximum power point under continuous illumination for 750 h. This work prescribes a facile, cost-effective, and scalable method for the preparation of stable, high-performance fluorinated CILs, and instilling promise for the NIR-SMAs-based OSCs moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shiyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Biomolecular and organic electronics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiuju Zhou
- Analysis & Testing Center, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, 464000, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Eduardo Solano
- NCD-SWEET beamline, ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290, Spain
| | - Julian A Steele
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Maarten B J Roeffaers
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Biomolecular and organic electronics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Xu X, Peng Q. Hole/Electron Transporting Materials for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104453. [PMID: 35224789 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonfullerene acceptor based organic solar cells (NF-OSCs) have witnessed rapid progress over the past few years owing to the intensive research efforts on novel electron donor and nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) materials, interfacial engineering, and device processing techniques. Interfacial layers including electron transporting layers (ETL) and hole transporting layers (HTLs) are crucially important in the OSCs for facilitating electron and hole extraction from the photoactive blend to the respective electrodes. In this review, the lates progress in both ETLs and HTLs for the currently prevailing NF-OSCs are discussed, in which the ETLs are summarized from the categories of metal oxides, metal chelates, non-conjugated electrolytes and conjugated electrolytes, and the HTLs are summarized from the categories of inorganic and organic materials. In addition, some bifunctional interlayer materials served as both ETLs and HTLs are also introduced. Finally, the prospects of ETL/HTL materials for NF-OSCs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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Wang L, Chen Y, Tao W, Wang K, Peng Z, Zheng X, Xiang C, Zhang J, Huang M, Zhao B. Polymerized naphthalimide derivatives as remarkable electron-transport layers for inverted organic solar cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200119. [PMID: 35467054 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two polymerized naphthalimide derivatives, named as N-TBHOB and N-DBH, have been prepared by quaternization, which exhibit excellent performance as electron-transport layers (ETLs) in inverted organic solar cells (i-OSCs). The results indicate N-TBHOB with a reticulated structure owns a superior performance on electron extraction, electron transport, thickness tolerance and less carrier recombination compared with N-DBH with linear structure. The i-OSCs based on N-TBHOB with PTB7-Th:PC71 BM as the active layer achieve PCEs of 10.72% and 10.03% under the thickness of 11 and 48 nm respectively, which indicates N-TBHOB possesses better thickness tolerance than most of organic ETLs in i-OSCs. N-TBHOB also shows more competent performance than N-DBH and ZnO in non-fullerene i-OSCs for comprehensively improved Jsc , Voc and FF values. Its i-OSC with PM6:Y6 blend presents a high PCE of 16.78%. The study provides an efficient strategy to prepare ETLs by combining conjugated and nonconjugated backbone with a reticulated structure for high-performance i-OSCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yaoqiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Wuxi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Zeyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Changhao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Material Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electrical Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
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