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Lu H, Liu W, Ran G, Li J, Li D, Liu Y, Xu X, Zhang W, Bo Z. High-Efficiency Binary and Ternary Organic Solar Cells Based on Novel Nonfused-Ring Electron Acceptors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307292. [PMID: 37811717 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three nonfused-ring electron acceptors (2TT, 2TT-C6-F, and 2TT-C11-F) with the same steric hindrance groups (2,4,6-tripropylbenzene) are designed and synthesized and the impact of electron-withdrawing and lateral alkyl side chains on the performance of binary and ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) is explored. For the binary OSCs, 2TT-C11-F with IC-2F terminal groups and lateral undecyl side chains display a red shifted absorption spectrum and suitable energy levels, and the corresponding blend film exhibits appropriate phase separation and crystallinity. Thus, binary OSCs based on 2TT-C11-F achieve an impressive power conversion efficiency of 13.03%, much higher than the efficiencies of those based on 2TT (9.68%) and 2TT-C6-F (12.11%). In the ternary OSCs, 2TT with CC terminal groups and lateral hexyl side chains exhibit complementary absorption and cascade energy levels with a host binary system (D18:BTP-eC9-4F). Hence, the ternary OSCs based on 2TT achieve a remarkable efficiency of 19.39%, ranking among the highest reported values. The research yields comprehensive 2TT-series nonfused-ring electron acceptors, demonstrating their great potential for the fabrication of high-performance binary and ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guangliu Ran
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinjun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Yu K, Zhou T, Liang W, Zhou X, Xu X, Yu L, Hou B, Huang Y, Chen F, Liao Y, Hu H. High-Performance Nonfused Electron Acceptor with Precisely Controlled Side Chain Fluorination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45158-45166. [PMID: 37708412 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the molecular packing of nonfullerene acceptors through fluorination represents one of the most promising strategies to achieve highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, three nonfused electron acceptors, namely, DTCBT-Fx (x = 0, 5, 9) with precisely controlled amounts of fluorine atoms in the side chains are designed and synthesized, and the effect of side chain fluorination is systematically studied. The results demonstrate that the light absorption, energy levels, molecular ordering, and film morphology could be effectively tuned by precisely controlling the side chain fluorination. DTCBT-F5 with an appropriate fluorine functionalization exhibits suitable miscibility with the donor polymer (PM6), leading to diminished charge recombination and improved charge carrier mobility. Consequently, a promising power conversion efficiency of 12.7% was obtained for DTCBT-F5-based solar cells, which outperforms those OSCs based on DTCBT-F0 (11.4%) and DTCBT-F9 (11.6%), respectively. This work demonstrates that precise control of the fluorine functionalization in side chains of nonfused electron acceptors is an effective strategy for realizing highly efficient OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenting Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liyang Yu
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Hou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, U.K
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fengkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yaozu Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huawei Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education/National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
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Solak EK, Irmak E. Advances in organic photovoltaic cells: a comprehensive review of materials, technologies, and performance. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12244-12269. [PMID: 37091609 PMCID: PMC10114284 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01454a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, including their materials, technologies, and performance. In this context, the historical evolution of PV cell technology is explored, and the classification of PV production technologies is presented, along with a comparative analysis of first, second, and third-generation solar cells. A classification and comparison of PV cells based on materials used is also provided. The working principles and device structures of OPV cells are examined, and a brief comparison between device structures is made, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages, and key features. The various parts of OPV cells are discussed, and their performance, efficiency, and electrical characteristics are reviewed. A detailed SWOT analysis is conducted, identifying promising strengths and opportunities, as well as challenges and threats to the technology. The paper indicates that OPV cells have the potential to revolutionize the solar energy industry due to their low production costs, and ability to produce thin, flexible solar cells. However, challenges such as lower efficiency, durability, and technological limitations still exist. Despite these challenges, the tunability and versatility of organic materials offer promise for future success. The paper concludes by suggesting that future research should focus on addressing the identified challenges and developing new materials and technologies that can further improve the performance and efficiency of OPV cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Kondolot Solak
- Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Gazi University Ankara Turkey
| | - Erdal Irmak
- Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Gazi University Ankara Turkey
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Ran G, Su W, Lu H, Liu Y, Bo Z, Zhang W. Intrachain and Interchain Excited-State Dynamics of Temperature-Dependent Aggregation Copolymer in Solution. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:7393-7399. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangliu Ran
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenli Su
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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