1
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Long M, Cheng M. Small extracellular vesicles associated miRNA in myocardial fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150336. [PMID: 38959731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis involves the loss of cardiomyocytes, myocardial fibroblast proliferation, and a reduction in angiogenesis, ultimately leading to heart failure, Given its significant implications, it is crucial to explore novel therapies for myocardial fibrosis. Recently one emerging avenue has been the use of small extracellular vesicles (sEV)-carried miRNA. In this review, we summarize the regulatory role of sEV-carried miRNA in myocardial fibrosis. We explored not only the potential diagnostic value of circulating miRNA as biomarkers for heart disease but also the therapeutic implications of sEV-carried miRNA derived from various cellular sources and applications of modified sEV. This exploration is paramount for researchers striving to develop innovative, cell-free therapies as potential drug candidates for the management of myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwen Long
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Ni Y, Hua Y, He Z, Hu W, Chen Z, Wang D, Li X, Sun Y, Jiang G. Release of exosomes from injectable silk fibroin and alginate composite hydrogel for treatment of myocardial infarction. J Biomater Appl 2024; 39:139-149. [PMID: 38688330 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241251610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is considered as a significant cause of death globally. Exosomes (EXOs) are essential for intercellular communication and pathophysiology of several cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the short half-life and rapid clearance of EXOs leads to a lack of therapeutic doses delivered to the lesioned area. Therefore, an injectable silk fibroin and alginate (SF/Alg) composite hydrogel was developed to bind folate receptor-targeted EXOs (FA-EXOs) derived from H9C2 cells for the therapy of myocardial injury following myocardial infarction-ischemia/reperfusion (MI-I/R). The resulting composite exhibits a variety of properties, including adjustable gelation kinetics, shear-thinning injectability, soft and dynamic stability that adapts to the heartbeat, and outstanding cytocompatibility. After injected into the damaged rat heart, administration of SF/Alg + FA-EXOs significantly enhanced cardiac function as demonstrated by improved ejection fraction, fractional shortening and decreased fibrosis area. The results of real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining show a remarkable up-regulation in the expression of proteins (CD31) and genes (VWF and Serca2a) related to the heart. Conversely, expression of fibrosis-related genes (TGF-β1) decreased significantly. Therefore, the obtained SF/Alg + FA-EXOs system remarkably enhanced the intercellular interactions, promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and achieved an outstanding therapeutic effect on MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjian Hua
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfei He
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilv Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Diqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Sun
- School of Life Science and Medicines, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Wang J, Wang J, Lu C, Wang Y, Bi H, Zheng J, Ding X. ISL1-overexpressing BMSCs attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress through the paracrine action. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:312. [PMID: 39066917 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major event in renal transplantation, leading to adverse outcomes. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are novel promising therapeutics for repairing kidney injuries. The therapeutic efficacy of BMSCs with ISL1 overexpression in renal IRI and its underlying mechanism need to be investigated. The unilateral renal IRI rat model was established to mimic clinical acute kidney injury. Rats were injected with PBS, BMSCs-Scrambled or BMSCs-ISL1 via the tail vein at the timepoint of reperfusion, and then sacrificed after 24 h of reperfusion. The administration of BMSCs-ISL1 significantly improved renal function, inhibited tubular cells apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress in rats. In vitro, HKC cells subjected to H2O2 stimulation were pretreated with the conditioned medium (CM) of BMSCs-Scrambled or BMSCs-ISL1. The pretreatment of ISL1-CM attenuated apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in HKC cells. Our proteomic data suggested that haptoglobin (Hp) was one of the secretory proteins in ISL1-CM. Subsequent experiments confirmed that Hp was the important paracrine factor from BMSCs-ISL1 that exerted anti-apoptotic and antioxidant functions. Mechanistically, Hp played a cytoprotective role via the inhibition of ERK signaling pathway, which could be abrogated by Ro 67-7476, the ERK phosphorylation agonist. The results suggested that paracrine action may be the main mechanism for BMSCs-ISL1 to exert protective effects. As an important anti-apoptotic and antioxidant factor in ISL1-CM, Hp may serve as a new therapeutic agent for treating IRI, providing new insights for overcoming the long-term adverse effects of stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Cuinan Lu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Huanjing Bi
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Li H, Zhang J, Tan M, Yin Y, Song Y, Zhao Y, Yan L, Li N, Zhang X, Bai J, Jiang T, Li H. Exosomes based strategies for cardiovascular diseases: Opportunities and challenges. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122544. [PMID: 38579591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs), are secreted by all types of cells to facilitate intercellular communication in living organisms. After being taken up by neighboring or distant cells, exosomes can alter the expression levels of target genes in recipient cells and thereby affect their pathophysiological outcomes depending on payloads encapsulated therein. The functions and mechanisms of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have attracted much attention in recent years and are thought to have cardioprotective and regenerative potential. This review summarizes the biogenesis and molecular contents of exosomes and details the roles played by exosomes released from various cells in the progression and recovery of cardiovascular disease. The review also discusses the current status of traditional exosomes in cardiovascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, pointing out several limitations in their application. It emphasizes that some of the existing emerging industrial or bioengineering technologies are promising to compensate for these shortcomings, and the combined application of exosomes and biomaterials provides an opportunity for mutual enhancement of their performance. The integration of exosome-based cell-free diagnostic and therapeutic options will contribute to the further development of cardiovascular regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Cardiovascular Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Yiyi Song
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, PR China
| | - Yongjian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Xianzuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China.
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China.
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Qi K, Cao F, Wang J, Wang Y, Li G. miR-652-3p Suppressed the Protective Effects of Isoflurane Against Myocardial Injury in Hypoxia/Reoxygenation by Targeting ISL1. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:646-655. [PMID: 38801481 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This research is concentrated on investigating the role and mechanism of miR-652-3p in the protective effects of isoflurane (ISO) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. H9c2 cells underwent pretreatment with varying concentrations of ISO, and subsequently, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was constructed. The levels of miR-652-3p, ISL LIM homeobox 1 (ISL1), and inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to investigate concentrations of myocardial injury markers, such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Cell counting kit-8 was used to evaluate cell viability, while flow cytometry was utilized to measure apoptosis. Additionally, a dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to validate the targeting relationship between ISL1 and miR-652-3p. Herein, we confirmed that the level of miR-652-3p was gradually increased with prolonged hypoxia; nevertheless, this increase was suppressed by ISO pretreatment (P < 0.05). Additionally, ISO pretreatment prevented the decrease in cell viability, increase in apoptosis, and overproduction of IL-6, TNF-α, CK-MB, and cTnI induced by H/R (P < 0.05). However, the inhibitory effects of ISO were counteracted by the increased levels of miR-652-3p (P < 0.05). ISL1 is a potential target of miR-652-3p. H/R induction suppressed ISL1 levels compared to the control, but ISO treatment increased its expression (P < 0.05). Overexpression of ISL1 inhibited the elimination of the protective effect of ISO on myocardial damage induced by the elevation of miR-652-3p (P < 0.05). The findings of this research confirm that miR-652-3p attenuated the protective effect of ISO on cardiomyocytes in myocardial ischemia by targeting ISL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 366, Taishan Street, Taishan District, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 366, Taishan Street, Taishan District, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 366, Taishan Street, Taishan District, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China.
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Lange M, Babczyk P, Tobiasch E. Exosomes: A New Hope for Angiogenesis-Mediated Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5204. [PMID: 38791243 PMCID: PMC11120942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone is a metabolically dynamic structure that is generally remodeled throughout the lifetime of an individual but often causes problems with increasing age. A key player for bone development and homeostasis, but also under pathological conditions, is the bone vasculature. This complex system of arteries, veins, and capillaries forms distinct structures where each subset of endothelial cells has important functions. Starting with the basic process of angiogenesis and bone-specific blood vessel formation, coupled with initial bone formation, the importance of different vascular structures is highlighted with respect to how these structures are maintained or changed during homeostasis, aging, and pathological conditions. After exemplifying the current knowledge on bone vasculature, this review will move on to exosomes, a novel hotspot of scientific research. Exosomes will be introduced starting from their discovery via current isolation procedures and state-of-the-art characterization to their role in bone vascular development, homeostasis, and bone regeneration and repair while summarizing the underlying signal transduction pathways. With respect to their role in these processes, especially mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are of interest, which leads to a discussion on patented applications and an update on ongoing clinical trials. Taken together, this review provides an overview of bone vasculature and bone regeneration, with a major focus on how exosomes influence this intricate system, as they might be useful for therapeutic purposes in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lange
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Patrick Babczyk
- Department of Natural Sciences, University Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, D-53559 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, University Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, D-53559 Rheinbach, Germany
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7
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Hua Y, He Z, Ni Y, Sun L, Wang R, Li Y, Li X, Jiang G. Silk fibroin and hydroxypropyl cellulose composite injectable hydrogel-containing extracellular vesicles for myocardial infarction repair. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:045001. [PMID: 38640908 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad40b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as one of the promising specific drugs for myocardial infarction (MI) prognosis. Nevertheless, low intramyocardial retention of EVs remains a major impediment to their clinical application. In this study, we developed a silk fibroin/hydroxypropyl cellulose (SF/HPC) composite hydrogel combined with AC16 cell-derived EVs targeted modification by folic acid for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction repair. EVs were functionalized by distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG-FA) via noncovalent interaction for targeting and accelerating myocardial infarction repair.In vitro, cytocompatibility analyses revealed that the as-prepared hydrogels had excellent cell viability by MTT assay and the functionalized EVs had higher cell migration by scratch assay.In vivo, the composite hydrogels can promote myocardial tissue repair effects by delaying the process of myocardial fibrosis and promoting angiogenesis of infarct area in MI rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjian Hua
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfei He
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital, Fuyang, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital, Fuyang, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Linggang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital, Fuyang, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Zhongwei Medical Research Center, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
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8
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Shi L, Zhou Y, Yin Y, Zhang J, Chen K, Liu S, Chen P, Jiang H, Liu J, Wu Y. Advancing Tissue Damage Repair in Geriatric Diseases: Prospects of Combining Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes with Hydrogels. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3773-3804. [PMID: 38708181 PMCID: PMC11068057 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Geriatric diseases are a group of diseases with unique characteristics related to senility. With the rising trend of global aging, senile diseases now mainly include endocrine, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, skeletal, and muscular diseases and cancer. Compared with younger populations, the structure and function of various cells, tissues and organs in the body of the elderly undergo a decline as they age, rendering them more susceptible to external factors and diseases, leading to serious tissue damage. Tissue damage presents a significant obstacle to the overall health and well-being of older adults, exerting a profound impact on their quality of life. Moreover, this phenomenon places an immense burden on families, society, and the healthcare system.In recent years, stem cell-derived exosomes have become a hot topic in tissue repair research. The combination of these exosomes with biomaterials allows for the preservation of their biological activity, leading to a significant improvement in their therapeutic efficacy. Among the numerous biomaterial options available, hydrogels stand out as promising candidates for loading exosomes, owing to their exceptional properties. Due to the lack of a comprehensive review on the subject matter, this review comprehensively summarizes the application and progress of combining stem cell-derived exosomes and hydrogels in promoting tissue damage repair in geriatric diseases. In addition, the challenges encountered in the field and potential prospects are presented for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shi
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Zhou
- The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongkui Yin
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Medical & Health Group Quzhou Hospital, Quzhou, 324004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyuan Chen
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peijian Chen
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- The Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieting Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157000, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou W, Tang Q, Wang S, Ding L, Chen M, Liu H, Wu Y, Xiong X, Shen Z, Chen W. Local thiamet-G delivery by a thermosensitive hydrogel confers ischemic cardiac repair via myeloid M2-like activation in a STAT6 O-GlcNAcylation-dependent manner. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111883. [PMID: 38503016 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Infarct healing requires a dynamic and orchestrated inflammatory reaction following myocardial infarction (MI). While an uncontrolled excessive inflammatory response exaggerates ischemic injury post-MI, M2-like reparative macrophages may facilitate inflammation regression and promote myocardial healing. However, how protein post-translational modification regulates post-MI cardiac repair and dynamic myeloid activation remains unknown. Here we show that M2-like reparative, but not M1-like inflammatory activation, is enhanced by pharmacologically-induced hyper-O-GlcNAcylation. Mechanistically, myeloid knockdown of O-GlcNAc hydrolase O-GlcNAcase (Oga), which also results in hyper-O-GlcNAcylation, positively regulates M2-like activation in a STAT6-dependent fashion, which is controlled by O-GlcNAcylation of STAT6. Of note, both systemic and local supplementation of thiamet-G (TMG), an Oga inhibitor, effectively facilitates cardiac recovery in mice by elevating the accumulation of M2-like macrophages in infarcted hearts. Our study provides a novel clue for monocyte/macrophage modulating therapies aimed at reducing post-MI hyperinflammation in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; School of Life Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingsong Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongman Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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10
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Xu Q, Xiao Z, Yang Q, Yu T, Deng X, Chen N, Huang Y, Wang L, Guo J, Wang J. Hydrogel-based cardiac repair and regeneration function in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100978. [PMID: 38434571 PMCID: PMC10907859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A life-threatening illness that poses a serious threat to human health is myocardial infarction. It may result in a significant number of myocardial cells dying, dilated left ventricles, dysfunctional heart function, and ultimately cardiac failure. Based on the development of emerging biomaterials and the lack of clinical treatment methods and cardiac donors for myocardial infarction, hydrogels with good compatibility have been gradually applied to the treatment of myocardial infarction. Specifically, based on the three processes of pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, we summarized various types of hydrogels designed for myocardial tissue engineering in recent years, including natural hydrogels, intelligent hydrogels, growth factors, stem cells, and microRNA-loaded hydrogels. In addition, we also describe the heart patch and preparation techniques that promote the repair of MI heart function. Although most of these hydrogels are still in the preclinical research stage and lack of clinical trials, they have great potential for further application in the future. It is expected that this review will improve our knowledge of and offer fresh approaches to treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaxin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qianzhi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiujiao Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Nenghua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Lihong Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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Li M, Jin M, Yang H. Remodelers of the vascular microenvironment: The effect of biopolymeric hydrogels on vascular diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130764. [PMID: 38462100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Vascular disease is the leading health problem worldwide. Vascular microenvironment encompasses diverse cell types, including those within the vascular wall, blood cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Initiation of the inflammatory state of the vascular microenvironment and changes in its mechanics can profoundly affect vascular homeostasis. Biomedical materials play a crucial role in modern medicine, hydrogels, characterized by their high-water content, have been increasingly utilized as a three-dimensional interaction network. In recent times, the remarkable progress in utilizing hydrogels and understanding vascular microenvironment have enabled the treatment of vascular diseases. In this review, we give an emphasis on the utilization of hydrogels and their advantages in the various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, vascular ulcers of the lower limbs and myocardial infarction. Further, we highlight the importance and advantages of hydrogels as artificial microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Li
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
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12
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Wu Q, Guo Y, Li H, Zhang D, Wang S, Hou J, Cheng N, Huang M, Luo L, Li Y, Zhao Y, Tan H, Jin C. Recombinant human collagen I/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel loaded with long-term released hUCMSCs derived exosomes promotes skin wound repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130843. [PMID: 38484819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell exosomes are beneficial in accelerating wound repair. However, the therapeutic function is limited due to its rapid clearance in vivo. To improve the functionality of exosomes in cutaneous wound healing, a novel hydrogel was designed and fabricated by recombinant human collagen I and carboxymethyl chitosan loaded with exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs), named as the rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel. METHODS Exosomes were extracted from hUCMSCs and were characterizated by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), and biomarker detection. The rhCol I hydrogel, rhCol I/carboxymethyl chitosan (rhCol I/CMC) hydrogel and the rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel composites were cross-linked by genipin. These materials were assessed and compared for their physical characteristics, including cross-sectional morphology, porosity, pore distribution, and hydrophilicity. Cell biocompatibility on biomaterials was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and CFDA staining, as well as assessed in vivo through histological examination of major organs in mice. Effects of the hydrogel composite on wound healing were further evaluated by using the full-thickness skin defect mice model. RESULTS Successful extraction of hUCMSCs-derived exosomes was confirmed by TEM,Western Blotting and flow cytometry. The synthesized rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel composite exhibited cytocompatibility and promoted cell growth in vitro. The rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel showed sustained release of exosomes. In the mice full skin-defects model, the rhCol I/CMC-Exos-treated group showed superior wound healing efficiency, with 15 % faster wound closure compared to controls. Histological examinations revealed thicker dermis formation and more balanced collagen deposition in wounds treated with rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel. Mechanistically, the application of rhCol I/CMC-Exos hydrogel increased fibroblasts proliferation, alleviated inflammation responses as well as promoted angiogenesis, thereby was beneficial in promoting skin wound healing and regeneration. CONCLUSION Our study, for the first time, introduced recombinant human Collagen I in fabricating a novel hydrogel loaded with hUCMSCs-derived exosomes, which effectively promoted skin wound closure and regeneration, demonstrating a great potential in severe skin wound healing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China
| | - Yayuan Guo
- School of Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China
| | - Shixu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China
| | - Jianing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China
| | - Nanqiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China
| | - Mengfei Huang
- Shanghai Shengran Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Linna Luo
- Shaanxi HuiKang Bio-Tech Co., LTD, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shaanxi HuiKang Bio-Tech Co., LTD, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Shaanxi Center for Drug and Vaccine Inspection, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Hong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China.
| | - Changxin Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Gao H, Liu S, Qin S, Yang J, Yue T, Ye B, Tang Y, Feng J, Hou J, Danzeng D. Injectable hydrogel-based combination therapy for myocardial infarction: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of preclinical trials. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:119. [PMID: 38383333 PMCID: PMC10882925 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluates the effectiveness of a combined regimen involving injectable hydrogels for the treatment of experimental myocardial infarction. PATIENT CONCERNS Myocardial infarction is an acute illness that negatively affects quality of life and increases mortality rates. Experimental models of myocardial infarction can aid in disease research by allowing for the development of therapies that effectively manage disease progression and promote tissue repair. DIAGNOSIS Experimental animal models of myocardial infarction were established using the ligation method on the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD). INTERVENTIONS The efficacy of intracardiac injection of hydrogels, combined with cells, drugs, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, or nucleic acid therapies, was evaluated to assess the functional and morphological improvements in the post-infarction heart achieved through the combined hydrogel regimen. OUTCOMES A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. A total of 83 papers, including studies on 1332 experimental animals (rats, mice, rabbits, sheep, and pigs), were included in the meta-analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall effect size observed in the group receiving combined hydrogel therapy, compared to the group receiving hydrogel treatment alone, resulted in an ejection fraction (EF) improvement of 8.87% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.53, 10.21] and a fractional shortening (FS) improvement of 6.31% [95% CI: 5.94, 6.67] in rat models, while in mice models, the improvements were 16.45% [95% CI: 11.29, 21.61] for EF and 5.68% [95% CI: 5.15, 6.22] for FS. The most significant improvements in EF (rats: MD = 9.63% [95% CI: 4.02, 15.23]; mice: MD = 23.93% [95% CI: 17.52, 30.84]) and FS (rats: MD = 8.55% [95% CI: 2.54, 14.56]; mice: MD = 5.68% [95% CI: 5.15, 6.22]) were observed when extracellular vesicle therapy was used. Although there have been significant results in large animal experiments, the number of studies conducted in this area is limited. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that combining hydrogel with other therapies effectively improves heart function and morphology. Further preclinical research using large animal models is necessary for additional study and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian Yue
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bengui Ye
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Tang
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Feng
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Third People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dunzhu Danzeng
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China.
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14
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Liang J, Lv R, Li M, Chai J, Wang S, Yan W, Zheng Z, Li P. Hydrogels for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: Design and Therapeutic Strategies. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300302. [PMID: 37815522 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading global burden of diseases in recent years and are the primary cause of human mortality and loss of healthy life expectancy. Myocardial infarction (MI) is the top cause of CVDs-related deaths, and its incidence is increasing worldwide every year. Recently, hydrogels have garnered great interest from researchers as a promising therapeutic option for cardiac tissue repair after MI. This is due to their excellent properties, including biocompatibility, mechanical properties, injectable properties, anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant properties, angiogenic properties, and conductive properties. This review discusses the advantages of hydrogels as a novel treatment for cardiac tissue repair after MI. The design strategies of various hydrogels in MI treatment are then summarized, and the latest research progress in the field is classified. Finally, the future perspectives of this booming field are also discussed at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Liang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology (ABCT), Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems (RI-IWEAR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Ronghao Lv
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Maorui Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology (ABCT), Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems (RI-IWEAR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
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15
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Yu J, Wei Y, Cui Z, Tian J, Cai H, Zhang W. Thermosensitive Capturer Coupled with the CD63 Aptamer for Highly Efficient Isolation of Exosomes. ACS Macro Lett 2024:195-200. [PMID: 38261001 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are bioactive substances secreted by various cells that play a crucial role in cell communication. Due to their nanoscale size and interference from nonexosome proteins, the rapid capture and nondestructive release of exosomes remain a technical challenge which significantly hinders their biomedical application. To overcome this obstacle, we have designed a CD63 aptamer-based thermosensitive copolymer for the effective isolation of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A thermal-responsive copolymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate-co-N-hydroxysuccinimide methacrylate) P(NIPAM-co-BMA-co-NHSMA, PNB), was prepared, which could realize reversible hydrophilic/hydrophobic phase transition by varying temperature. Then, CD63 aptamers were further modified to the copolymer to form the PNB-aptamer, where the aptamer units, acting as a "lock and key", specifically bind exosomes. Under the low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PNB-aptamer, it can maintain a hydrophilic state, capturing exosomes from the cell culture medium. Subsequently, exosome-carrying PNB-aptamers can endure from hydrophilic to hydrophobic phase transition by increasing the temperature above its LCST, and then they can be collected after centrifugation. By introducing the complementary sequence of the CD63 aptamer, the stronger binding affinity between the complementary sequence and the aptamers facilitates the release of exosomes from the PNB-aptamer. The yield of exosome samples captured from a MSC culture medium by the PNB-aptamer system (around 62%) is considerably higher than that obtained by the current "gold standard" ultrafiltration (UC) approach (around 42%). Thus, the PNB-aptamer capturer provides a potential strategy for highly efficient exosome isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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16
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Chen Z, Xiong M, Tian J, Song D, Duan S, Zhang L. Encapsulation and assessment of therapeutic cargo in engineered exosomes: a systematic review. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:18. [PMID: 38172932 PMCID: PMC10765779 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane containing various biologically active cargoes such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Engineered exosomes generated through genetic modification of parent cells show promise as drug delivery vehicles, and they have been demonstrated to have great therapeutic potential for treating cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and immune diseases, but systematic knowledge is lacking regarding optimization of drug loading and assessment of delivery efficacy. This review summarizes current approaches for engineering exosomes and evaluating their drug delivery effects, and current techniques for assessing exosome drug loading and release kinetics, cell targeting, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic outcomes are critically examined. Additionally, this review synthesizes the latest applications of exosome engineering and drug delivery in clinical translation. The knowledge compiled in this review provides a framework for the rational design and rigorous assessment of exosomes as therapeutics. Continued advancement of robust characterization methods and reporting standards will accelerate the development of exosome engineering technologies and pave the way for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250001, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, 250001, China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Min Xiong
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250001, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250001, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, 250001, China.
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17
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Li J, Tang Y, Yin L, Lin X, Luo Z, Wang S, Yuan L, Liang P, Jiang B. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in myocardial infarction: Therapeutic potential and application. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3596. [PMID: 37726968 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction refers to the irreversible impairment of cardiac function resulting from the permanent loss of numerous cardiomyocytes and the formation of scar tissue. This condition is caused by acute and persistent inadequate blood supply to the heart's arteries. In the treatment of myocardial infarction, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role because of their powerful therapeutic effects. These effects primarily stem from the paracrine secretion of multiple factors by MSCs, with exosome-carried microRNAs being the most effective component in promoting cardiac function recovery after infarction. Exosome therapy has emerged as a promising cell-free treatment for myocardial infarction as a result of its relatively simple composition, low immunogenicity and controlled transplantation dose. Despite these advantages, maintaining the stability of exosomes after transplantation and enhancing their targeting effect remain significant challenges in clinical applications. In recent developments, several approaches have been designed to optimize exosome therapy. These include enhancing exosome retention, improving their ability to target specific effects, pretreating MSC-derived exosomes and employing transgenic MSC-derived exosomes. This review primarily focuses on describing the biological characteristics of exosomes, their therapeutic potential and their application in treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leijing Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofang Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengyang Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ludong Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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18
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Li J, Lin A, Jiang R, Chen P, Xu C, Hou Y. Exosomes-mediated drug delivery for the treatment of myocardial injury. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:292-299. [PMID: 38222684 PMCID: PMC10783224 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become a major cause of death worldwide. Myocardial injury (MI) caused by myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and drug overdose can lead to impaired cardiac function, culminating in serious consequences such as angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Exosomes exhibit high biocompatibility and target specificity, rendering them an important non-cellular therapy for improving MI. Exosomes are diminutive vesicles that encapsulate nucleic acids and proteins. Exosomes derived from cardiac stem cells themselves have therapeutic effects, and they can also serve as carriers to deliver therapeutic drugs to recipient cells, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect. The molecules within exosomes are encapsulated in a lipid bilayer, allowing them to stably exist in body fluids without being affected by nucleases. Therefore, the utilization of exosomes as drug delivery systems (DDS) for disease treatment has been extensively investigated and is currently undergoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of exosomes on MI and provides an overview of current research progress on their use as DDS in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | - Aiqin Lin
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | - Rui Jiang
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | | | - Chengyang Xu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
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19
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Zhang Z, Zou Y, Song C, Cao K, Cai K, Chen S, Wu Y, Geng D, Sun G, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Advances in the study of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00402-2. [PMID: 38123019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death worldwide for many years. In recent years, exosomes have gained extensive attention in the cardiovascular system due to their excellent biocompatibility. Studies have extensively researched miRNAs in exosomes and found that they play critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the cardiovascular system. These processes include promoting or inhibiting inflammatory responses, promoting angiogenesis, participating in cell proliferation and migration, and promoting pathological progression such as fibrosis. AIM OF REVIEW This systematic review examines the role of exosomes in various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure and cardiomyopathy. It also presents the latest treatment and prevention methods utilizing exosomes. The study aims to provide new insights and approaches for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases by exploring the relationship between exosomes and these conditions. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the potential clinical use of exosomes as biomarkers for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles surrounded by lipid bilayers that are secreted by most cells in the body. They are heterogeneous, varying in size and composition, with a diameter typically ranging from 40 to 160 nm. Exosomes serve as a means of information communication between cells, carrying various biologically active substances, including lipids, proteins, and small RNAs such as miRNAs and lncRNAs. As a result, they participate in both physiological and pathological processes within the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danxi Geng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine, China Medical University, National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Malhotra K, Van Remortel S, Ly V, Davis DR. Combinatorial Effect of Biomaterials and Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301980. [PMID: 37811703 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure, a pervasive global health burden, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising contenders for cardiac repair, owing to their profound influence on fibrosis and inflammation. Merging EVs with biomaterials holds the potential for a synergistic leap in therapeutic efficacy. In this review, the impact of combining EVs with biomaterials in preclinical heart failure models is scrutinized. Fifteen studies, predominantly employing mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs along with hyaluronic acid or peptides in coronary ligation models, meet these stringent criteria. The amalgamation of EVs and biomaterials consistently enhances cardiac ejection fraction (1.39; 95% CI: 0.68, 2.11; p = 0.0001) and fractional shortening (1.46, 95% CI: 0.70, 2.22; p = 0.0002) compared to EV monotherapy. Secondary outcomes similarly showcased improvement in the combined treatment group. Although the number of studies analyzed is modest, no indications of publication bias surface. In summary, combination therapy with EVs and biomaterials enhances therapeutic benefit in preclinical heart failure models. The consistent improvement observed across diverse EV sources, biomaterials, and animal models underscores the exciting potential of this synergistic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Malhotra
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Sophie Van Remortel
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Valentina Ly
- Health Sciences Library, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
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21
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Cheng W, Xu C, Su Y, Shen Y, Yang Q, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles: A potential treatment for regeneration. iScience 2023; 26:108282. [PMID: 38026170 PMCID: PMC10651684 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes. EVs have gained recognition in regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. However, the practical application of EVs faces challenges such as limited targeting ability, low yield, and inadequate therapeutic effects. To overcome these limitations, engineered EVs have emerged. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the engineering methods utilized for modifying donor cells and EVs, with a focus on comparing the therapeutic potential between engineered and natural EVs. Additionally, it aims to investigate the specific cell effects that play a crucial role in promoting repair and regeneration, while also exploring the underlying mechanisms involved in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cheng
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chenyu Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuran Su
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin University Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin University Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
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22
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Zhang C, Zhou X, Wang D, Hao L, Zeng Z, Su L. Hydrogel-Loaded Exosomes: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Musculoskeletal Disorders. J Clin Pharm Ther 2023; 2023:1-36. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/1105664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Clinical treatment strategies for musculoskeletal disorders have been a hot research topic. Accumulating evidence suggests that hydrogels loaded with MSC-derived EVs show great potential in improving musculoskeletal injuries. The ideal hydrogels should be capable of promoting the development of new tissues and simulating the characteristics of target tissues, with the properties matching the cell-matrix constituents of autologous tissues. Although there have been numerous reports of hydrogels loaded with MSC-derived EVs for the repair of musculoskeletal injuries, such as intervertebral disc injury, tendinopathy, bone fractures, and cartilage injuries, there are still many hurdles to overcome before the clinical application of modified hydrogels. In this review, we focus on the advantages of the isolation technique of EVs in combination with different types of hydrogels. In this context, the efficacy of hydrogels loaded with MSC-derived EVs in different musculoskeletal injuries is discussed in detail to provide a reference for the future application of hydrogels loaded with MSC-derived EVs in the clinical treatment of musculoskeletal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Hao
- Shougang Technician College, Nursing School, Beijing 100043, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Shougang Technician College, Nursing School, Beijing 100043, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
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23
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Ping P, Guan S, Ning C, Yang T, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Gao Z, Fu S. Fabrication of blended nanofibrous cardiac patch transplanted with TGF-β3 and human umbilical cord MSCs-derived exosomes for potential cardiac regeneration after acute myocardial infarction. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 54:102708. [PMID: 37788793 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cardiovascular condition that progressively results in heart failure. In the present study, we have designed to load transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) and cardio potential exosomes into the blended polycaprolactone/type I collagen (PCL/COL-1) nanofibrous patch (Exo@TGF-β3@NFs) and examined its feasibility for cardiac repair. The bioactivity of the developed NFs towards the migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was determined using in vitro cell compatibility assays. Additionally, Exo@TGF-β3/NFs showed up-regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis and mesenchymal differentiations in vitro. The in vivo experiments performed 4 weeks after transplantation showed that the Exo@TGF-β3@NFs had a higher LV ejection fraction and fraction shortening functions. Subsequently, it has been determined that Exo@TGF-β3@NFs significantly reduced AMI size and fibrosis and increased scar thickness. The developed NFs approach will become a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ping
- General Station for Drug and Instrument Supervision and Control, Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shasha Guan
- Department of Oncology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Chaoxue Ning
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Ting Yang
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Zhitao Gao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Shihui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, PR China; Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
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24
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Wu R, Hu X, Wang J. Current optimized strategies for stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle/exosomes in cardiac repair. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 184:13-25. [PMID: 37801756 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases remain the leading cause of death globally, and stem cell-based therapy has been investigated as a potential approach for cardiac repair. Due to poor survival and engraftment in the cardiac ischemic milieu post transplantation, the predominant therapeutic effects of stem cells act via paracrine actions, by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs) and/or other factors. Exosomes are nano-sized EVs of endosomal origin, and now viewed as a major contributor in facilitating myocardial repair and regeneration. However, EV/exosome therapy has major obstacles before entering clinical settings, such as limited production yield, unstable biological activity, poor homing efficiency, and low tissue retention. This review aims to provide an overview of the biogenesis and mechanisms of stem cell-derived EV/exosomes in the process of cardiac repair and discuss the current advancements in different optimized strategies to produce high-yield EV/exosomes with higher bioactivity, or engineer them with improved homing efficiency and therapeutic potency. In particular, we outline recent findings toward preclinical and clinical translation of EV/exosome therapy in ischemic heart diseases, and discuss the potential barriers in regard to clinical translation of EV/exosome therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, PR China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
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25
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Zhang H, Wan X, Tian J, An Z, Liu L, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Ge C, Song X. The therapeutic efficacy and clinical translation of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115551. [PMID: 37783149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells, provide a good reference for cardiac function repair and clinical application in cardiac and vascular diseases by regulating cardiomyocyte viability, inflammatory levels, angiogenesis, and ventricular remodeling after a heart injury. This review presents the cardioprotective efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-originated exosomes and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we expound on several efficient approaches to transporting exosomes into the heart in clinical application and comment on the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xueqi Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jinfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ziyu An
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuquan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Changjiang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Xiantao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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26
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Liu W, Jin M, Chen Q, Li Q, Xing X, Luo Y, Sun X. Insight into extracellular vesicles in vascular diseases: intercellular communication role and clinical application potential. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:310. [PMID: 37907962 PMCID: PMC10617214 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells have been increasingly known to release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the extracellular environment under physiological and pathological conditions. A plethora of studies have revealed that EVs contain cell-derived biomolecules and are found in circulation, thereby implicating them in molecular trafficking between cells. Furthermore, EVs have an effect on physiological function and disease development and serve as disease biomarkers. MAIN BODY Given the close association between EV circulation and vascular disease, this review aims to provide a brief introduction to EVs, with a specific focus on the EV cargoes participating in pathological mechanisms, diagnosis, engineering, and clinical potential, to highlight the emerging evidence suggesting promising targets in vascular diseases. Despite the expansion of research in this field, some noticeable limitations remain for clinical translational research. CONCLUSION This review makes a novel contribution to a summary of recent advances and a perspective on the future of EVs in vascular diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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27
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Liu Y, Wang M, Yu Y, Li C, Zhang C. Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:202. [PMID: 37580705 PMCID: PMC10424417 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction has long been the leading cause of death in coronary heart disease, which is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte death and restricted blood supply. Conventional reperfusion therapy can further aggravate myocardial injury. Stem cell therapy, especially with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has emerged as a promising approach to promote cardiac repair and improve cardiac function. MSCs may induce these effects by secreting exosomes containing therapeutically active RNA, proteins and lipids. Notably, normal cardiac function depends on intracardiac paracrine signaling via exosomes, and exosomes secreted by cardiac cells can partially reflect changes in the heart during disease, so analyzing these vesicles may provide valuable insights into the pathology of myocardial infarction as well as guide the development of new treatments. The present review examines how exosomes produced by MSCs and cardiac cells may influence injury after myocardial infarction and serve as therapies against such injury. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Minrui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acids in Medicine for National High-Level Talents, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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28
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Tian B, Liu J, Guo S, Li A, Wan JB. Macromolecule-based hydrogels nanoarchitectonics with mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125161. [PMID: 37270118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of regenerative medicine in clinical therapies is becoming increasingly vital. Under specific conditions, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into mesoblastema (i.e., adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes) and other embryonic lineages. Their application in regenerative medicine has attracted a great deal of interest among researchers. To maximize the potential applications of MSCs, materials science could provide natural extracellular matrices and provide an effective means to understand the various mechanisms of differentiation for the growth of MSCs. Pharmaceutical fields are represented among the research on biomaterials by macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics. Various biomaterials have been used to prepare hydrogels with their unique chemical and physical properties to provide a controlled microenvironment for the culture of MSCs, laying the groundwork for future practical applications in regenerative medicine. This article currently describes and summarizes the sources, characteristics, and clinical trials of MSCs. In addition, it describes the differentiation of MSCs in various macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics and highlights the preclinical studies of MSCs-loaded hydrogel materials in regenerative medicine conducted over the past few years. Finally, the challenges and prospects of MSC-loaded hydrogels are discussed, and the future development of macromolecule-based hydrogel nanoarchitectonics is outlined by comparing the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingren Tian
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jiayue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Songlin Guo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Aiqin Li
- Department of Day-care Unit, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
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29
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Yuan J, Yang H, Liu C, Shao L, Zhang H, Lu K, Wang J, Wang Y, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Shen Z. Microneedle Patch Loaded with Exosomes Containing MicroRNA-29b Prevents Cardiac Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202959. [PMID: 36739582 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease that poses a serious threat to human health. Uncontrolled and excessive cardiac fibrosis after MI has been recognized as a primary contributor to mortality by heart failure. Thus, prevention of fibrosis or alleviation of fibrosis progression is important for cardiac repair. To this end, a biocompatible microneedle (MN) patch based on gelatin is fabricated to load exosomes containing microRNA-29b (miR-29b) mimics with antifibrotic activity to prevent excessive cardiac fibrosis after MI. Exosomes are isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and loaded with miR-29b mimics via electroporation, which can be internalized effectively in cardiac fibroblasts to upregulate the expression of miR-29b and downregulate the expression of fibrosis-related proteins. After being implanted in the infarcted heart of a mouse MI model, the MN patch can increase the retention of loaded exosomes in the infarcted myocardium, leading to alleviation of inflammation, reduction of the infarct size, inhibition of fibrosis, and improvement of cardiac function. This design explored the MN patch as a suitable platform to deliver exosomes containing antifibrotic biomolecules locally for the prevention of cardiac fibrosis, showing the potential for MI treatment in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, 014040, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Lianbo Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Haixin Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kunyan Lu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
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30
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Sun Y, Sun F, Xu W, Qian H. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles as a Targeted Delivery Platform for Precision Therapy. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:157-175. [PMID: 36637750 PMCID: PMC10070595 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-based cell-free strategy has shown therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration. Due to their important roles in intercellular communications and their natural ability to shield cargos from degradation, EVs are also emerged as novel delivery vehicles for various bioactive molecules and drugs. Accumulating studies have revealed that EVs can be modified to enhance their efficacy and specificity for the treatment of many diseases. Engineered EVs are poised as the next generation of targeted delivery platform in the field of precision therapy. In this review, the unique properties of EVs are overviewed in terms of their biogenesis, contents, surface features and biological functions, and the recent advances in the strategies of engineered EVs construction are summarized. Additionally, we also discuss the potential applications of engineered EVs in targeted therapy of cancer and damaged tissues, and evaluate the opportunities and challenges for translating them into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengtian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Okamura A, Yoshioka Y, Saito Y, Ochiya T. Can Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems Be a Game Changer in Cardiac Disease? Pharm Res 2022; 40:889-908. [PMID: 36577860 PMCID: PMC10126064 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure have been the leading cause of death worldwide for more than 20 years, and new treatments continue to be investigated. Heart transplantation, a curative treatment for severe cardiac dysfunction, is available to only a small number of patients due to the rarity of donors and high costs. Cardiac regenerative medicine using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells is expected to be a new alternative to heart transplantation, but it has problems such as induction of immune response, tumor formation, and low survival rate of transplanted cells. On the other hand, there has been a focus on cell-free therapy using extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their high biocompatibility and target specificity. Exosomes, one type of EV, play a role in the molecular transport system in vivo and can be considered a drug delivery system (DDS) innate to all living things. Exosomes contain nucleic acids and proteins, which are transported from secretory cells to recipient cells. Molecules in exosomes are encapsulated in a lipid bilayer, which allows them to exist stably in body fluids without being affected by nuclease degradation enzymes. Therefore, the therapeutic use of exosomes as DDSs has been widely explored and is being used in clinical trials and other clinical settings. This review summarizes the current topics of EVs as DDSs in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
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