1
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Jeong YH, Kwon M, Shin S, Lee J, Kim KS. Biomedical Applications of CNT-Based Fibers. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 38534244 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as emerging materials in various applications. However, the range of biomedical applications is limited due to the aggregation and potential toxicity of powder-type CNTs. To overcome these issues, techniques to assemble them into various macroscopic structures, such as one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films, and three-dimensional aerogels, have been developed. Among them, carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) is a one-dimensional aggregate of CNTs, which can be used to solve the potential toxicity problem of individual CNTs. Furthermore, since it has unique properties due to the one-dimensional nature of CNTs, CNTF has beneficial potential for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the biomedical applications using CNTF, such as the detection of biomolecules or signals for biosensors, strain sensors for wearable healthcare devices, and tissue engineering for regenerating human tissues. In addition, by considering the challenges and perspectives of CNTF for biomedical applications, the feasibility of CNTF in biomedical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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2
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Ding Y, Jiang J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Porous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1535-1648. [PMID: 38373392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in the development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling the creation of cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous conductive textiles (PCTs) have emerged as an ideal material platform for wearable electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, and wearing comfort. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress and state of the art of utilizing PCTs for the design and fabrication of a wide variety of wearable electronic devices and their integrated wearable systems. To begin with, we elucidate how PCTs revolutionize the form factors of wearable electronics. We then discuss the preparation strategies of PCTs, in terms of the raw materials, fabrication processes, and key properties. Afterward, we provide detailed illustrations of how PCTs are used as basic building blocks to design and fabricate a wide variety of intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic devices, energy-harvesting and storage devices, and displays. We further describe the techniques and strategies for wearable electronic systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid electronic components with PCTs or by integrating multiple fibrous devices made of PCTs. Subsequently, we highlight some important wearable application scenarios in healthcare, sports and training, converging technologies, and professional specialists. At the end of the Review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on future research directions and give overall conclusions. As the demand for more personalized and interconnected devices continues to grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential to redefine the landscape of wearable technology and reshape the way we live, work, and play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ding
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingsi Wu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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3
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Elhi F, Le QB, Kiefer R. Cation-Selective Actuator-Sensor Response of Microcrystalline Cellulose Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes of Different Electrolytes Using Propylene Carbonate Solvent. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:339. [PMID: 38337226 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose (MC) with 50 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MCNT) composites is obtained through extrusion, forming MC-MCNT fiber. In this study, we concentrate on three different electrolytes in propylene carbonate (PC) which have the same anions (TF-, trifluoro-methanesulfonate CF3SO3-) but different cations, EDMI+ (1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium), Li+ (lithium ion), and TBA+ (tetrabutylammonium). Cyclic voltammetry and square wave potential steps, in combination with linear actuation measurements in a potential range of 0.7 V to -0.2 V, were conducted. Our goal in this work was to establish a cation-selective actuator-sensor device capable of distinguishing different cations. The linear actuation of MC-MCNT fiber had its main expansion at discharge due to the incorporation of TF- in the MC-MCNT fiber with the cations. In the following order, TBA+ > EDMI+ > Li+ had the best stress, strain, charge density, diffusion coefficients, and long-term stability. Chronopotentiometric measurements revealed that the cations in the PC solvent can be differentiated by their ion sizes. Further characterization of the MC-MCNT fiber was completed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Elhi
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Quoc Bao Le
- Conducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Rudolf Kiefer
- Conducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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4
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Liang Q, Zhang D, He T, Zhang Z, Wang H, Chen S, Lee C. Fiber-Based Noncontact Sensor with Stretchability for Underwater Wearable Sensing and VR Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:600-611. [PMID: 38126347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligent wearable devices has led to an increasing need for seamless information exchange between humans, machines, and virtual spaces, often relying on touch sensors as the primary interaction medium. Additionally, the demand for underwater detection technologies is on the rise owing to the prevalent wet and submerged environment. Here, a fiber-based capacitive sensor with superior stretchability and hydrophobicity is proposed, designed to cater to noncontact and underwater applications. The sensor is constructed using bacterial cellulose (BC)@BC/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (BBT) helical fiber as the matrix and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the hydrophobic modified agent, forming a hydrophobic silylated BC@BC/CNT (SBBT) helical fiber by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. These fibers exhibit an impressive contact angle of 132.8°. The SBBT helicalfiber-based capacitive sensor presents capabilities for both noncontact and underwater sensing, which exhibits a significant capacitance change of -0.27 (at a distance of 0.5 cm). We have achieved interactive control between real space and virtual space through intelligent data analysis technology with minimal interference from the presence of water. This work has laid a solid foundation of noncontact sensing with attributes such as degradability, stretchability, and hydrophobicity. Moreover, it offers promising solutions for barrier-free communication in virtual reality (VR) and underwater applications, providing avenues for smart human-machine interfaces for submerged use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tianyiyi He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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5
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Liu W, Liu H, Zhao Z, Liang D, Zhong WH, Zhang J. A novel structural design of cellulose-based conductive composite fibers for wearable e-textiles. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121308. [PMID: 37739538 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose-based conductive composite fibers hold great promise in smart wearable applications, given cellulose's desirable properties for textiles. Blending conductive fillers with cellulose is the most common means of fiber production. Incorporating a high content of conductive fillers is demanded to achieve desirable conductivity. However, a high filler load deteriorates the processability and mechanical properties of the fibers. Here, developing wet-spun cellulose-based fibers with a unique side-by-side (SBS) structure via sustainable processing is reported. Sustainable sources (cotton linter and post-consumer cotton waste) and a biocompatible intrinsically conductive polymer (i.e., polyaniline, PANI) were engineered into fibers containing two co-continuous phases arranged side-by-side. One phase was neat cellulose serving as the substrate and providing good mechanical properties; another phase was a PANI-rich cellulose blend (50 wt%) affording electrical conductivity. Additionally, an eco-friendly LiOH/urea solvent system was adopted for the fiber spinning process. With the proper control of processing parameters, the SBS fibers demonstrated high conductivity and improved mechanical properties compared to single-phase cellulose and PANI blended fibers. The SBS fibers demonstrated great potential for wearable e-textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangcheng Liu
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Hang Liu
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Zihui Zhao
- Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Wei-Hong Zhong
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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6
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Huang L, Hu Q, Gao S, Liu W, Wei X. Recent progress and applications of cellulose and its derivatives-based humidity sensors: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121139. [PMID: 37479446 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose and its derivatives, which are low-cost, degradable, reproducible and highly hydrophilic, can serve as both substrate and humidity sensitive materials, making them more and more popular as ideal biomimetic materials for humidity sensors. Benefiting from these characteristics, cellulose-based humidity sensors cannot only exhibit high sensitivity, excellent mechanical performance, wide humidity response range, etc., but also can be applied to fields such as human health, medical care and agricultural product safety monitoring. Herein, cellulose-based humidity sensors are first classified according to the different conductive active materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, electrolytes, metal compounds, and polymer materials, based on which the latest research progress is introduced, and the roles of different types of conductive materials in cellulose-based humidity sensors are analyzed and summarized. Besides, the similarities and differences in their working mechanisms are expounded. Finally, the application scenarios of cellulose-based humidity sensors in human movement respiration and skin surface humidity monitoring are discussed, which can make readers quickly familiarize the current preparation method, working mechanism and subsequent development trend of cellulose-based humidity sensors more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensoring Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qichang Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensoring Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensoring Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensoring Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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7
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Wise HG, Takana H, Dichiara AB. Dynamic Assembly of Strong and Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Nanocellulose Composite Filaments and Their Application in Resistive Liquid Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37437162 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The continuous flow assembly of colloidal nanoparticles from aqueous suspensions into macroscopic materials in a field-assisted double flow focusing system offers an attractive way to bridge the outstanding nanoscale characteristics of renewable cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) at scales most common to human technologies. By incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) during the fabrication process, high-performance functional filament nanocomposites were produced. CNFs and SWNTs were first dispersed in water without any external surfactants or binding agents, and the resulting nanocolloids were aligned by means of an alternating electric field combined with extensional sheath flows. The nanoscale orientational anisotropy was then locked by a liquid-gel transition during the materials assembly into macroscopic filaments, which greatly improved their mechanical, electrical, and liquid sensing properties. Significantly, these findings pave the way toward the environmentally friendly and scalable manufacturing of a variety of multifunctional fibers for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather G Wise
- School of Environmental & Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hidemasa Takana
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Anthony B Dichiara
- School of Environmental & Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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8
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Yu H, Li H, Sun X, Pan L. Biomimetic Flexible Sensors and Their Applications in Human Health Detection. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:293. [PMID: 37504181 PMCID: PMC10807369 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bionic flexible sensors are a new type of biosensor with high sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and reliability to achieve detection in complex natural and physiological environments. They provide efficient, energy-saving and convenient applications in medical monitoring and diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and detection and identification. Combining sensor devices with flexible substrates to imitate flexible structures in living organisms, thus enabling the detection of various physiological signals, has become a hot topic of interest. In the field of human health detection, the application of bionic flexible sensors is flourishing and will evolve into patient-centric diagnosis and treatment in the future of healthcare. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of bionic flexible devices for human health detection applications and a comprehensive summary of the research progress and potential of flexible sensors. First, we evaluate the working mechanisms of different classes of bionic flexible sensors, describing the selection and fabrication of bionic flexible materials and their excellent electrochemical properties; then, we introduce some interesting applications for monitoring physical, electrophysiological, chemical, and biological signals according to more segmented health fields (e.g., medical diagnosis, rehabilitation assistance, and sports monitoring). We conclude with a summary of the advantages of current results and the challenges and possible future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xidi Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lijia Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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9
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Korotcenkov G, Simonenko NP, Simonenko EP, Sysoev VV, Brinzari V. Paper-Based Humidity Sensors as Promising Flexible Devices, State of the Art, Part 2: Humidity-Sensor Performances. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13081381. [PMID: 37110966 PMCID: PMC10144639 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review article covers all types of paper-based humidity sensor, such as capacitive, resistive, impedance, fiber-optic, mass-sensitive, microwave, and RFID (radio-frequency identification) humidity sensors. The parameters of these sensors and the materials involved in their research and development, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, semiconductors, and polymers, are comprehensively detailed, with a special focus on the advantages/disadvantages from an application perspective. Numerous technological/design approaches to the optimization of the performances of the sensors are considered, along with some non-conventional approaches. The review ends with a detailed analysis of the current problems encountered in the development of paper-based humidity sensors, supported by some solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova;
| | - Nikolay P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.S.); (E.P.S.)
| | - Elizaveta P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.S.); (E.P.S.)
| | - Victor V. Sysoev
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya str., 410054 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Brinzari
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova;
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10
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Pal B, Parameswaran AK, Wu B, Děkanovský L, Mazánek V, Sarkar KJ, Jose R, Sofer Z. Insights into the Charge Storage Mechanism of Binder-Free Electrochemical Capacitors in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Pal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | - Bing Wu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Děkanovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Mazánek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kalyan Jyoti Sarkar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rajan Jose
- Center for Advanced Intelligent Materials, Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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11
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Pal B, Sarkar KJ, Wu B, Děkanovský L, Mazánek V, Jose R, Sofer Z. Exploration of Charge Storage Behavior of Binder-Free EDL Capacitors in Aqueous Electrolytes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:2629-2638. [PMID: 36687114 PMCID: PMC9850722 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Charge storage in electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) is via the adsorption of electrolyte counterions in their positive and negative electrodes under an applied potential. This study investigates the EDLC-type charge storage in carbon nanotubes (CNT) electrodes in aqueous acidic (NaHSO4), basic (NaOH), and neutral (Na2SO4) electrolytes of similar cations but different anions as well as similar anions but different cations (Na2SO4 and Li2SO4) in a two-electrode Swagelok-type cell configuration. The physicochemical properties of ions, such as mobility/diffusion and solvation, are correlated with the charge storage parameters. The neutral electrolytes offer superior charge storage over the acidic and basic counterparts. Among the studied ions, SO4 2- and Li+ showed the most significant capacitance owing to their larger solvated ion size. The charge stored by the anions and cations follows the order SO4 2- > HSO4 - > OH- and Li+ > Na+, respectively. Consequently, the CNT//Li2SO4//CNT cell displayed outstanding charge storage indicators (operating voltage ∼0-2 V, specific capacitance ∼122 F·g-1, specific energy ∼67 W h·kg-1, and specific power ∼541 W·kg-1 at 0.5 A·g-1) than the other cells, which could light a red light-emitting diode (2.1 V) for several minutes. Besides, the CNT//Li2SO4//CNT device showed exceptional rate performance with a capacitance retention of ∼95% at various current densities (0.5-2.5 A·g-1) after 6500 cycles. The insights from this work could be used to design safer electrochemical capacitors of high energy density and power density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Pal
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kalyan Jyoti Sarkar
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Bing Wu
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Děkanovský
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Mazánek
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rajan Jose
- Center
for Advanced Intelligent Materials Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
- Faculty
of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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12
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Electrolyte contribution to the multifunctional response of cellulose carbon nanotube fibers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Han M, Shen W. Nacre-inspired cellulose nanofiber/MXene flexible composite film with mechanical robustness for humidity sensing. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Zhu P, Wei Y, Kuang Y, Qian Y, Liu Y, Jiang F, Chen G. Porous and conductive cellulose nanofiber/carbon nanotube foam as a humidity sensor with high sensitivity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119684. [PMID: 35725212 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a humidity sensor with high sensitivity based on cellulose nanofiber/carbon nanotube (CNF/CNT) hybrid foam. The porous structure of the foam not only provides more contact interface for water molecules adsorption, but also tunes the conductivity of the CCF closed to the point where the sensor is most sensitive to the change in humidity. With this porous structural design, the obtained foam sensor shows a high humidity sensitivity of 87.3% (ΔI/I0, and the response limit is 100%), excellent linearity (R2 = 0.996) within the humidity range from 29 to 95% relative humidity (RH), and good long-time stability (more than two months). Furthermore, the water vapor adsorption behavior of the CNF/CNT foam sensor can be well described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Finally, a simple humidity measuring device based on the CNF/CNT foam is presented, which can find good applications for human breath and fingertip humidity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yudi Kuang
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China; Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yangyang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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15
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Graphene Oxide-Chitosan Network on a Dialysis Cellulose Membrane for Efficient Removal of Organic Dyes. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2795-2811. [PMID: 35621372 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Currently, water pollution is a significant health problem for both humans and animals due to large amounts of dye-containing wastewater. Thus, polymer composite membranes (PCMs) are considered as efficient adsorption/filtration membranes that can be utilized for removing organic dyes from contaminated water/wastewater. In this study, the goal is to explore the modification of the interfacial dialysis cellulose (DC) surface through molecular interactions of an active graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-CTS) composite hydrogel (GCCH) network without the use of an external cross-linker toward an effective dye removal ability using a simple casting process and a low-cost adsorption technique, resulting in the formation of a PCM, i.e., GO/CTS/DC membrane (GCD-mems). Concomitantly, the incorporation of the GCCH network (as an active hybrid network) and DC (as a supporting material) is considered as a promising approach toward a dye-removing PCM. As a result, the GCD-mems showed that cellulose robustly interacted via the chemical bonds of the GCCH network by maintaining the three-dimensional (3D) porous layer structures, and the functional surface of the membrane was enhanced toward specific groups for an effective dye removal approach. In addition, there is a significant improvement in dye removal performance after modification of the interfacial DC surface through molecular interactions of GCCH, i.e., high adsorption capacities of cationic and anionic dye molecules on the GCD-mems, compared to the relevant GO-based adsorbents. Also, the dye flux and rejection of the GCD-mems can simultaneously remove both methylene blue and Congo red. In the adsorption, it is appropriate with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models corresponding to chemical adsorption and monolayer approaches, as well as physical sieving through the 3D layers of porous channels of GCD-mems during the filtration process. Moreover, the structural stability and sustainability of the PCMs are enhanced during the recycling process, and the use of ethanol in the recycling process further simplifies the process and reduces the cost of the PCMs. Thus, the GCD-mems are encouraged as potential candidates that can be applied directly in the removal of dyes from the wastewater of textile industries or selective dialysis applications.
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16
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Li C, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhao H, Guo Y, Cong T, Huang H, Fan Z, Liang H, Pan L. A flexible tissue-carbon nanocoil-carbon nanotube-based humidity sensor with high performance and durability. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:7025-7038. [PMID: 35471502 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00027j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A flexible humidity sensor based on a tissue-carbon nanocoil (CNC)-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite has been investigated. Taking advantage of the excellent water absorption of tissue and the electrical sensitivity of CNCs/CNTs to humidity, this humidity sensor obtains outstanding humidity sensing performance, including a wide sensing range of 10-90% RH, a maximum response value of 492% (ΔR/R0) at 90% RH, a maximum sensitivity of 6.16%/% RH, a good long-time stability of more than 7 days, a high humidity resolution accuracy of less than 1% RH and a fast response time of 275 ms. Furthermore, the sensor also exhibits robust bending (with a curvature of 0.322 cm-1) and folding (up to 500 times) durability, and after being made into a complex "thousand paper crane" shape it still provides stable humidity sensing performance. As a proof of concept, this humidity sensor demonstrates excellent responsivity to human breath monitoring, non-contact fingertip humidity detection, water boiling detection and air humidity monitoring, indicating great potential in the fields of wearable devices, weather forecasting systems and other intelligent humidity monitoring devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Li
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Shuaitao Yang
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Huitong Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Guo
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Tianze Cong
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Zeng Fan
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Hongwei Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lujun Pan
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
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17
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Liang Q, Zhang D, Wu Y, Chen S, Han Z, Wang B, Wang H. Self-Stretchable Fiber Liquid Sensors Made with Bacterial Cellulose/Carbon Nanotubes for Smart Diapers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21319-21329. [PMID: 35471964 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid sensors for detecting water and body fluids are crucial in daily water usage and health monitoring, but it is challenging to combine sensing performance with high tensile deformation and multifunctional applications. Here, a substrate-free, self-stretchable bacterial cellulose (BC)/carbon nanotube (CNT) helical fiber liquid sensor was prepared by the solution spinning and coiling process using BC as the water-sensitive matrix and CNTs as the active sensing materials. The BC/CNT (BCT) fiber sensor has a high stretch ratio of more than 1000% and a rapid response for a current change rate of 104% within 1 s, which is almost unaffected under washing and various stretching or knotting deformations. By combination of the BCT fiber, we can design smart diapers or water level detectors, which rapidly monitor the status of smart diapers or water level, and the monitoring result can be transferred on time through an alarm device or smartphone. In short, the scalable and continuous preparation of the self-stretchable BCT helical fiber will provide a capacious platform for the development of a wearable sensor applied in daily life (such as smart diapers, water level detection, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Han
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Baoxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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18
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Pal B, Matsoso JB, Parameswaran AK, Roy PK, Lukas D, Luxa J, Marvan P, Azadmanjiri J, Hrdlicka Z, Jose R, Sofer Z. Flexible, ultralight, and high-energy density electrochemical capacitors using sustainable materials. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Kiefer R, Elhi F, Puust L, Peikolainen A, Tamm T. Dual function composite fibers of cellulose with activated carbon aerogel and carbide derived carbon. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Kiefer
- Conducting polymers in composites and applications Research group, Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Fred Elhi
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Laurits Puust
- Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy, Institute of Physics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Anna‐Liisa Peikolainen
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Tarmo Tamm
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
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20
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Li WD, Ke K, Jia J, Pu JH, Zhao X, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Bai L, Zhang K, Yang MB, Yang W. Recent Advances in Multiresponsive Flexible Sensors towards E-skin: A Delicate Design for Versatile Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2103734. [PMID: 34825473 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiresponsive flexile sensors with strain, temperature, humidity, and other sensing abilities serving as real electronic skin (e-skin) have manifested great application potential in flexible electronics, artificial intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT). Although numerous flexible sensors with sole sensing function have already been reported since the concept of e-skin, that mimics the sensing features of human skin, was proposed about a decade ago, the ones with more sensing capacities as new emergences are urgently demanded. However, highly integrated and highly sensitive flexible sensors with multiresponsive functions are becoming a big thrust for the detection of human body motions, physiological signals (e.g., skin temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiograms (ECG), electromyograms (EMG), sweat, etc.) and environmental stimuli (e.g., light, magnetic field, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), which are vital to real-time and all-round human health monitoring and management. Herein, this review summarizes the design, manufacturing, and application of multiresponsive flexible sensors and presents the future challenges of fabricating these sensors for the next-generation e-skin and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Di Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jin Jia
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jun-Hong Pu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
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21
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Kiefer R, Elhi F, Peikolainen AL, Tamm T. Wider Potential Windows of Cellulose Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Fibers Leading to Qualitative Multifunctional Changes in an Organic Electrolyte. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4439. [PMID: 34960990 PMCID: PMC8708784 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend across the whole of society is to focus on natural and/or biodegradable materials such as cellulose (Cell) over synthetic polymers. Among other usage scenarios, Cell can be combined with electroactive components such as multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) to form composites, such as Cell-CNT fibers, for applications in actuators, sensors, and energy storage devices. In this work, we aim to show that by changing the potential window, qualitative multifunctionality of the composites can be invoked, in both electromechanical response as well as energy storage capability. Cell-CNT fibers were investigated in different potential ranges (0.8 V to -0.3 V, 0.55 V to -0.8 V, 1 V to -0.8 V, and 1.5 V to -0.8 V), revealing the transfer from cation-active to anion-active as the potential window shifted towards more positive potentials. Moreover, increasing the driving frequency also shifts the mode from cation- to anion-active. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were conducted to determine the ion species participating in charge compensation under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Kiefer
- Conducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Fred Elhi
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Anna-Liisa Peikolainen
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tarmo Tamm
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
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22
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Tu H, Zhu M, Duan B, Zhang L. Recent Progress in High-Strength and Robust Regenerated Cellulose Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000682. [PMID: 32686231 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High-strength petroleum-based materials like plastics have been widely used in various fields, but their nonbiodegradability has caused serious pollution problems. Cellulose, as the most abundant sustainable polymer, has a great chance to act as the ideal substitute for plastics due to its low cost, wide availability, biodegradability, etc. Herein, the recent achievements for developing cellulose "green" solvents and regenerated cellulose materials with high strength via the "bottom-up" route are presented. Cellulose can be regenerated to produce films/membranes, hydrogels/aerogels, filaments/fibers, microspheres/beads, bioplastics, etc., which show potential applications in textiles, biomedicine, energy storage, packaging, etc. Importantly, these cellulose-based materials can be biodegraded in soil and oceans, reducing environmental pollution. The cellulose solvents, dissolving mechanism, and strategies for constructing the regenerated cellulose functional materials with high strength and performances, together with the current achievements and urgent challenges are summarized, and some perspectives are also proposed. The near future will be an exciting era for high-strength biodegradable and renewable materials. The hope is that many environmentally friendly materials with good properties and low cost will be produced for commercial use, which will be beneficial for sustainable development in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Tu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengxiang Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bo Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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23
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Zhu P, Kuang Y, Wei Y, Li F, Ou H, Jiang F, Chen G. Electrostatic self-assembly enabled flexible paper-based humidity sensor with high sensitivity and superior durability. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 404:127105. [PMID: 32994751 PMCID: PMC7513892 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors have been widely used for humidity monitoring in industrial fields. However, the application of conventional sensors is limited due to the structural rigidity, high cost, and time-consuming integration process. Owing to the good hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and low cost of cellulose, the sensors built on cellulose bulk materials are considered a feasible method to overcome these drawbacks while providing reasonable performance. Herein, we design a flexible paper-based humidity sensor based on conductive 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose fibers/carbon nanotubes (TOCFs/CNTs) conformal fibers network. The CNTs are dispersed by cationic cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), which introduces positive charges on the CNTs surface. The conductive fibers are achieved by an electrostatic self-assembly process that positively charged CNTs are adsorbed to the surface of negatively charged TOCFs. The vast number of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups on the surface of TOCFs provide more water molecules adsorption sites and facilitate the electron transfer from water molecules to CNTs, endowing the sensor with an excellent humidity responsive property. Besides, the swelling of the TOCFs greatly damages the conductive CNTs network and further promotes the humidity sensitive performance of the sensor. Benefiting from the unique structure, the obtained sensor exhibits a maximum response value of 87.0% (ΔI/I0 , and the response limit is 100%), outstanding linearity (R2 = 0.995) between 11 and 95% relative humidity (RH), superior bending (with a curvature of 2.1 cm-1) and folding (up to 50 times) durability, and good long-time stability (more than 3 months). Finally, as a proof of concept, the sensor demonstrates an excellent responsive property to human breath, fingertip humidity, and the change of air humidity, indicating a great potential towards practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yudi Kuang
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huajie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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24
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Liang Q, Zhang D, Ji P, Sheng N, Zhang M, Wu Z, Chen S, Wang H. High-Strength Superstretchable Helical Bacterial Cellulose Fibers with a "Self-Fiber-Reinforced Structure". ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1545-1554. [PMID: 33377390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a hydrogel membrane grown on the gas-liquid interface by bacterial culture that can be industrialized, bacterial cellulose (BC) cannot give full play to the advantages of its natural nanofibers. Conversion to the properties of nanofibers from high-performance to macrofibers represents a difficult material engineering challenge. Herein, we construct high-strength BC macrofibers with a "self-fiber-reinforced structure" using a dry-wet spinning method by adjusting the BC dissolution and concentration. The macrofiber with a tensile strength of 649 MPa and a strain of 17.2% can be obtained, which is one of the strongest and toughest cellulose fibers. In addition, the macrofiber can be fabricated to a superstretchable helical fiber without adding other elastomers or auxiliary materials. When the helical diameter is 1.6 mm, the ultimate stretch reaches 1240%. Meanwhile, cyclic tests show that the mechanical properties and morphology of the fiber remained stable after 100 times of 100% cyclic stretching. It is exciting that the helical fiber also owns outstanding knittability, washability, scalability, and dyeability. Furthermore, superstretchable functional helical BC fibers can be fabricated by embedding functional materials (carbon materials, conductive polymers, etc.) on BC or in the spinning dope, which can be made to wearable devices such as fiber solid-state supercapacitors. This work provides a scalable way for high-strength superstretchable and multifunctional fibers applied in wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Peng Ji
- Co-Innovation Center for Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Nan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhuotong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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25
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Jiang R, Zhu HY, Fu YQ, Zong EM, Jiang ST, Li JB, Zhu JQ, Zhu YY. Magnetic NiFe2O4/MWCNTs functionalized cellulose bioadsorbent with enhanced adsorption property and rapid separation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Chen Z, Zhao D, Ma R, Zhang X, Rao J, Yin Y, Wang X, Yi F. Flexible temperature sensors based on carbon nanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1941-1964. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Flexible temperature sensors based on carbon nanomaterials can be attached to the surface of human skin or curved surfaces directly for continuous and stable data measurements, and have attracted extensive attention in myriad areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Danna Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Xujing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Jihong Rao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Yajiang Yin
- Research Institute of Tsinghua
- Pearl River Delta
- Corporation Accelerator
- Guangzhou 510530
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Research Institute of Tsinghua
- Pearl River Delta
- Corporation Accelerator
- Guangzhou 510530
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Yi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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27
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Darabi S, Hummel M, Rantasalo S, Rissanen M, Öberg Månsson I, Hilke H, Hwang B, Skrifvars M, Hamedi MM, Sixta H, Lund A, Müller C. Green Conducting Cellulose Yarns for Machine-Sewn Electronic Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56403-56412. [PMID: 33284024 PMCID: PMC7747218 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of "green" electronics is a response to the pressing global situation where conventional electronics contribute to resource depletion and a global build-up of waste. For wearable applications, green electronic textile (e-textile) materials present an opportunity to unobtrusively incorporate sensing, energy harvesting, and other functionality into the clothes we wear. Here, we demonstrate electrically conducting wood-based yarns produced by a roll-to-roll coating process with an ink based on the biocompatible polymer:polyelectrolyte complex poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The developed e-textile yarns display a, for cellulose yarns, record-high bulk conductivity of 36 Scm-1, which could be further increased to 181 Scm-1 by adding silver nanowires. The PEDOT:PSS-coated yarn could be machine washed at least five times without loss in conductivity. We demonstrate the electrochemical functionality of the yarn through incorporation into organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Moreover, by using a household sewing machine, we have manufactured an out-of-plane thermoelectric textile device, which can produce 0.2 μW at a temperature gradient of 37 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sozan Darabi
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Rantasalo
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Marja Rissanen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ingrid Öberg Månsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haike Hilke
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Byungil Hwang
- School
of
Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikael Skrifvars
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Mahiar M. Hamedi
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Anja Lund
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christian Müller
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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28
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Zhang C, Chen G, Wang X, Zhou S, Yu J, Feng X, Li L, Chen P, Qi H. Eco-Friendly Bioinspired Interface Design for High-Performance Cellulose Nanofibril/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55527-55535. [PMID: 33236889 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by a wood-like multicomponent structure, an interface-reinforced method was developed to fabricate high-performance cellulose nanofibril (CNF)/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites. Holocellulose nanofibrils (HCNFs) with core-shell structure were first obtained from bagasse via mild delignification and mechanical defibration process. The well-preserved native hemicellulose as the amphiphilic shell of HCNFs could act as a binding agent, sizing agent, and even dispersing agent between HCNFs and CNTs. Remarkably, both the tensile strength at high relative humidity (83% RH) and electrical conductivity of the HCNF/CNT nanocomposites were significantly improved up to 121 MPa and 321 S/m, respectively, demonstrating great superiority compared to normal CNF/CNT composite films. Furthermore, these HCNF/CNT composites with outstanding integrated performances exhibited great potential in the field of flexible liquid sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lengwan Li
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pan Chen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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29
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Qu M, Qin Y, Sun Y, Xu H, Schubert DW, Zheng K, Xu W, Nilsson F. Biocompatible, Flexible Strain Sensor Fabricated with Polydopamine-Coated Nanocomposites of Nitrile Rubber and Carbon Black. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42140-42152. [PMID: 32816448 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A flexible, biocompatible, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)-based strain sensor with high stretchability, good sensitivity, and excellent repeatability is presented for the first time. Carbon black (CB) particles were embedded into an NBR matrix via a dissolving-coating technique, and the obtained NBR/CB composite was coated with polydopamine (PDA) to preserve the CB layer. The mechanical properties of the NBR films were found to be significantly improved with the addition of CB and PDA, and the produced composite films were noncytotoxic and highly biocompatible. Strain-sensing tests showed that the uncoated CB/NBR films possess a high sensing range (strain of ∼550%) and good sensitivity (gauge factor of 52.2), whereas the PDA/NBR/CB films show a somewhat reduced sensing range (strain of ∼180%) but significantly improved sensitivity (gauge factor of 346). The hysteresis curves obtained from cyclic strain-sensing tests demonstrate the prominent robustness of the sensor material. Three novel equations were developed to accurately describe the uniaxial and cyclic strain-sensing behavior observed for the investigated strain sensors. Gloves and knee/elbow covers were produced from the films, revealing that the signals generated by different finger, elbow, and knee movements are easily distinguishable, thus confirming that the PDA/NBR/CB composite films can be used in a wide range of wearable strain sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchao Qu
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, 510450 Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yijing Qin
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yue Sun
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Huagen Xu
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk W Schubert
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, 510450 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fritjof Nilsson
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Zhu P, Ou H, Kuang Y, Hao L, Diao J, Chen G. Cellulose Nanofiber/Carbon Nanotube Dual Network-Enabled Humidity Sensor with High Sensitivity and Durability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:33229-33238. [PMID: 32608963 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors have been widely used for humidity monitoring in industrial fields, while the unsatisfactory flexibility, time consumption, and expensive integration process of conventional inorganic sensors significantly limit their application in wearable electronics. Using paper-based humidity sensors is considered a feasible method to overcome these drawbacks because of their good flexibility and roll-to-roll manufacturability, while they still face problems such as poor durability and low sensitivity. In this study, we report a high-performance paper-based humidity sensor based on a rationally designed bilayered structure consisting of a nanoporous cellulose nanofiber/carbon nanotube (CNF/CNT) sensitive layer and a microporous paper substrate. The vast number of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNF and paper fibers enables fast water molecule exchange between the humidity-sensitive material and the external environment via hydrogen bonding, endowing the paper-based sensor with an excellent humidity responsive property. The obtained sensor displays a maximum response value of 65.0% (ΔI/I0) at 95% relative humidity. Furthermore, the mechanical interlocking structure formed between the CNF/CNT layer and the paper layer provides the sensor with strong interlayer adhesion. Benefiting from the unique structure, the sensor also exhibits outstanding bending (with a maximum curvature of 22.2 cm-1) and folding durability (up to 50 times). Finally, as a proof of concept, a simple humidity-measuring device is assembled, which demonstrates an excellent responsive property toward human breath and the change of air humidity, indicating a great potential of our paper-based humidity sensor toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huajie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yudi Kuang
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Hao
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingjing Diao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Medical Devices Research & Testing Center of SCUT, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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31
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Elhi F, Peikolainen AL, Kiefer R, Tamm T. Cellulose-Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Fiber Actuator Behavior in Aqueous and Organic Electrolyte. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3213. [PMID: 32707652 PMCID: PMC7412319 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As both consumers and producers are shifting from fossil-derived materials to other, more sustainable approaches, there is a growing interest in bio-origin and biodegradable polymers. In search of bio-degradable electro-mechanically active materials, cellulose-multi wall carbon nanotube (Cell-CNT) composites are a focus for the development of actuators and sensors. In the current study, our aim was to fabricate Cell-CNT composite fibers and study their electro-mechanical response as linear actuators in aqueous and propylene carbonate-based electrolyte solutions. While the response was (expectedly) strongly solvent dependent, the different solvents also revealed unexpected phenomena. Cell-CNT fibers in propylene carbonate revealed a strong back-relaxation process at low frequencies, and also a frequency dependent response direction change (change of actuation direction). Cell-CNT fibers operated in aqueous electrolyte showed response typical to electrochemical capacitors including expansion at discharging with controllable actuation dependence on charge density. While the response was similarly stable in both electrolyte solution systems, the aqueous electrolytes were clearly favorable for Cell-CNT with 3.4 times higher conductivities, 4.3 times higher charge densities and 11 times higher strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Elhi
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Anna-Liisa Peikolainen
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Rudolf Kiefer
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tarmo Tamm
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
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32
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Zhuang Z, Cheng N, Zhang L, Liu L, Zhao J, Yu H. Wearable strain sensor based on highly conductive carbon nanotube/polyurethane composite fibers. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:205701. [PMID: 31978930 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6fdd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Highly conductive and stretchable fibers have recently attracted increasing attention owing to their potential for application in flexible wearable electronics. Carboxylated carbon nanotubes (c-CNTs) are coated onto flexible fibers as a convenient way of fabricating wearable strain sensors. However, the conductivity of a c-CNT is reduced due to the destruction of the graphitized structure of the CNT during carboxylation. It still remains a significant challenge to endow c-CNT composite fibers with high conductivity. In this study, highly conductive fibers were prepared by coating metal ion-linked c-CNTs onto polyurethane (PU) fibers in order to improve the electron transport rate between the c-CNTs. The metal-coordination junctions formed by Fe2+ ions and carboxyl significantly enhanced the conductivity of the PU/CNT@Fe2+ fibers (up to 72 S m-1). The high conductivity is the result of coordination junctions with strong electronic state coupling facilitating electron transport, which was proved by density functional theory calculations. The resulting coordination effect enhanced the interaction between the c-CNTs, which made the conductive network more flexible. The strain sensor based on PU/CNT@Fe2+ fibers exhibited high sensitivity (gauge factor = 36 at 50% strain), a large strain range, inconspicuous drift and durability. The fibrous strain sensor was successfully used to monitor joint movement and facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiyu Zhuang
- The Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles in Higher Education of Guangdong Province, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
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33
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Dang C, Huang Z, Chen Y, Zhou S, Feng X, Chen G, Dai F, Qi H. Direct Dissolution of Cellulose in NaOH/Urea/α-Lipoic Acid Aqueous Solution to Fabricate All Biomass-Based Nitrogen, Sulfur Dual-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Aerogels for Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21528-21538. [PMID: 32315149 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using the disulfide bond and carboxyl group in the molecular structure, α-lipoic acid was easily dissolved in the NaOH/urea solution and could be used as a ternary solvent for dissolving cellulose. Through this platform, N, S dual-doped hierarchical porous carbon aerogels (NSHPAs) were successfully obtained via directly dissolving cellulose in this ternary solvent, followed by gelling and carbonization. Because the fabricated carbon materials had a proper structure and a uniform heteroatom doping, their capacitance could reach 329 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1, 1647.5 mF cm-2 at 2.5 mA cm-2, and the fine rate property was 215 F g-1 at 10 A g-1 and 1075 mF cm-2 at 50 mA cm-2, respectively. Additionally, the electric double-layer contribution and pseudocapacitance contribution from the N,S dual doping were also analyzed. Meanwhile, they showed outstanding capacitance retention in a 2 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Additionally, a symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) was assembled by NSHPAs, and yielded a high specific capacitance of 63.6 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. At a power density of 130 W kg-1, the SSC showed a high energy density of 10.3 W h kg-1 and a long cycle life with 10% capacitance decay over 5000 cycles at 1 A g-1. These electrochemical performances suggest that this adopted synthesis route may open a novel avenue for the fabrication of heteroatom-doped carbon electrode materials, especially based on renewable and low-cost cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhongyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yian Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Guixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Fanglin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Shi J, Liu S, Zhang L, Yang B, Shu L, Yang Y, Ren M, Wang Y, Chen J, Chen W, Chai Y, Tao X. Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901958. [PMID: 31273850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The programmable nature of smart textiles makes them an indispensable part of an emerging new technology field. Smart textile-integrated microelectronic systems (STIMES), which combine microelectronics and technology such as artificial intelligence and augmented or virtual reality, have been intensively explored. A vast range of research activities have been reported. Many promising applications in healthcare, the internet of things (IoT), smart city management, robotics, etc., have been demonstrated around the world. A timely overview and comprehensive review of progress of this field in the last five years are provided. Several main aspects are covered: functional materials, major fabrication processes of smart textile components, functional devices, system architectures and heterogeneous integration, wearable applications in human and nonhuman-related areas, and the safety and security of STIMES. The major types of textile-integrated nonconventional functional devices are discussed in detail: sensors, actuators, displays, antennas, energy harvesters and their hybrids, batteries and supercapacitors, circuit boards, and memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Shi
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Su Liu
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lin Shu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Yang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ming Ren
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiaoming Tao
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Tan X, Wang Y, Du W, Mu T. Top-Down Extraction of Silk Protein Nanofibers by Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Application in Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Wearable Sensing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:321-327. [PMID: 31729788 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With typical nanofibrous structure, silks spun by silkworms and spiders are the representative fibrous proteins that embody excellent mechanical properties and biological functions. However, it is still a challenge to directly extract silk nanofibers (SNFs) from natural silk fibers, to retain their nanostructures and properties, by a human- and environment-friendly approach for practical applications. Here, an all-natural strategy for simple, green, and scalable extraction of silkworm and spider silk protein nanofibers in natural deep eutectic solvents has been developed. The liquid-exfoliated SNFs have adjustable diameters from 20 nm (at the single SNF scale) to 100 nm and could be dispersed in water and organic solvents, enabling the production of useful macroscopic biomaterials. The free-standing SNF membranes made from silkworm silk nanofibers (SSNFs) exhibited cytocompatibility, flexibility, and excellent mechanical performance, providing the ability to fabricate sustainable materials for tissue engineering and green electronics. Moreover, the SSNF could be used as a green and efficient dispersant of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the SSNFs/MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes could be used in wearable devices to monitor human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P.R. China
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36
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A New Environmentally-Friendly System for Extracting Cellulose from Corn Straw: The Low Temperature Laccase System. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020437. [PMID: 31963321 PMCID: PMC7013942 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Corn straw is an agricultural waste. The system for extracting cellulose from corn straw at a high temperature has been widely reported by researchers. However, the system for extracting cellulose from corn straw at a low temperature has been rarely reported. In this paper, a new system for extracting cellulose from corn straw at a low temperature was reported for the first time. This new system is designated as the low temperature laccase system (LTLS). Cellulose was successfully extracted from corn straw by the LTLS, and the used solution could be recycled. Therefore, the low temperature laccase system is an environmentally-friendly system. The cellulose content in corn straw is 30–40%. The yield of cellulose extracted by LTLS was 33%. The obtained cellulose product was creamy white. The extracted cellulose samples were characterized by using infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetry (TG), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results were consistent with that of standard cellulose. We confirmed that the LTLS extracted cellulose from corn straw with high purity.
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37
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Shishehbor M, Pouranian MR. Tuning the Mechanical and Adhesion Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Using Aligned Cellulose Wrap (Cellulose Nanotube): A Molecular Dynamics Study. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10010154. [PMID: 31963187 PMCID: PMC7022496 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improving the adhesion properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at the molecular scale can significantly enhance dispersion of CNT fibers in polymer matrix and unleash the dormant extraordinary mechanical properties of CNTs in CNT-polymer nanocomposites. Inspired by the outstanding adhesion, dispersion, mechanical, and surface functionalization properties of crystalline nanocellulose (CNC), this paper studies the mechanical and adhesion properties of CNT wrapped by aligned cellulose chains around CNT using molecular dynamic simulations. The strength, elastic modulus, and toughness of CNT-cellulose fiber for different cellulose contents are obtained from tensile and compression tests. Additionally, the effect of adding cellulose on the surface energy, interfacial shear modulus, and strength is evaluated. The result shows that even adding a single layer cellulose wrap (≈55% content) significantly decreases the mechanical properties, however, it also dramatically enhances the adhesion energy, interfacial shear strength, and modulus. Adding more cellulose layers, subsequently, deceases and increases mechanical properties and adhesion properties, respectively. In addition, analysis of nanopapers of pristine CNT, pristine CNC, and CNT-wrapped cellulose reveals that CNT-wrapped cellulose nanopapers are strong, stiff, and tough, while for CNT and CNC either strength or toughness is compromised. This research shows that cellulose wraps provide CNT fibers with tunable mechanical properties and adhesion energy that could yield strong and tough materials due to the excellent mechanical properties of CNT and active surface and hydrogen bonding of cellulose.
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Wan Z, Chen C, Meng T, Mojtaba M, Teng Y, Feng Q, Li D. Multifunctional Wet-Spun Filaments through Robust Nanocellulose Networks Wrapping to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42808-42817. [PMID: 31625715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) hold potential for fabricating multifunctional composites with remarkable performance. However, it is technically tough to fabricate materials by CNFs and SWNTs with their intact properties, mainly because of the weakly synergistic interaction. Hence, constructing sturdy interfaces and sequential connectivity not only can enhance mechanical strength but also are capable of improving the electrical conductivity. In that way, we report CNF/SWNT filaments composed of axially oriented building blocks with robust CNF networks wrapping to SWNTs. The composite filaments obtained through the combination of three-mill-roll and wet-spinning strategy display high strength up to ∼472.17 MPa and a strain of ∼11.77%, exceeding most results of CNF/SWNT composites investigated in the previous literature. Meanwhile, the filaments possess an electrical conductivity of ∼86.43 S/cm, which is also positively dependent on temperature changes. The multifunctional filaments are further manufactured as a strain sensor to measure mass variation and survey muscular movements, leading to becoming optimistic incentives in the fields of portable gauge measuring and wearable bioelectronic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangmin Wan
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Taotao Meng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Mansoorianfar Mojtaba
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Youchao Teng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Qian Feng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Dagang Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
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Ke K, Wang Y, Li Y, Yang J, Pötschke P, Voit B. Nuomici-Inspired Universal Strategy for Boosting Piezoresistive Sensitivity and Elasticity of Polymer Nanocomposite-Based Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:35362-35370. [PMID: 31468973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are potential alternatives to conventional strain gauges due to their tunable sensitivity and strain ranges. Currently, to achieve very high piezoresistive sensitivity in thermoplastic-based CPCs with Gauge factors GF above 20 at low tensile strains (ε ≤ 5%) is a big challenge, but critical for structural health monitoring application in infrastructures. Here, inspired by the unique structures of a famous Chinese food, nuomici, we coat carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto sticky acrylic rubber (AR) granules (ARG) to form nuomici-like CNT@ARG composite granules, which are employed as unique conductive filler to fabricate highly piezoresistive and flexible CPCs based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). This strategy of localizing CNTs densely on the surface of touching rubbery particles resulted in a much more sensitive elastic conductive network built by the CNT@AR composite and showed a big gain effect. The resultant PVDF/CNT@AR nanocomposites (AR content ranging from 0 to 10 wt %) show extremely high piezoresistive sensitivity at low strain, depending on the AR content. In particular, the GF value of PVDF with 1.5 wt % CNT@10 wt % AR is 41 at 5% strain, which is more than one magnitude higher than that (ca. 3) of traditional PVDF/CNT nanocomposite sensors. Moreover, the elongation at break increases by about 60% with the addition of 1.5 wt CNT@10 wt % AR. This study introduces a universal effective strategy for tailoring the mechanical properties and strain sensitivity of conductive network in CPCs, which is critical for the fabrication of high-performance strain sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF) , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99163 , United States
| | - Yilong Li
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF) , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Jinghui Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education) , Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 610031 , China
| | - Petra Pötschke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF) , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF) , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
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Mougel JB, Bertoncini P, Cathala B, Chauvet O, Capron I. Macroporous hybrid Pickering foams based on carbon nanotubes and cellulose nanocrystals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 544:78-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wang C, Xia K, Wang H, Liang X, Yin Z, Zhang Y. Advanced Carbon for Flexible and Wearable Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801072. [PMID: 30300444 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable electronics are attracting wide attention due to their potential applications in wearable human health monitoring and care systems. Carbon materials have combined superiorities such as good electrical conductivity, intrinsic and structural flexibility, light weight, high chemical and thermal stability, ease of chemical functionalization, as well as potential mass production, enabling them to be promising candidate materials for flexible and wearable electronics. Consequently, great efforts are devoted to the controlled fabrication of carbon materials with rationally designed structures for applications in next-generation electronics. Herein, the latest advances in the rational design and controlled fabrication of carbon materials toward applications in flexible and wearable electronics are reviewed. Various carbon materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, natural-biomaterial-derived carbon, etc.) with controlled micro/nanostructures and designed macroscopic morphologies for high-performance flexible electronics are introduced. The fabrication strategies, working mechanism, performance, and applications of carbon-based flexible devices are reviewed and discussed, including strain/pressure sensors, temperature/humidity sensors, electrochemical sensors, flexible conductive electrodes/wires, and flexible power devices. Furthermore, the integration of multiple devices toward multifunctional wearable systems is briefly reviewed. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities in this field are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kailun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Dhanabalan SC, Dhanabalan B, Chen X, Ponraj JS, Zhang H. Hybrid carbon nanostructured fibers: stepping stone for intelligent textile-based electronics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3046-3101. [PMID: 30720829 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The journey of smart textile-based wearable technologies first started with the attachment of sensors to fabrics, followed by embedding sensors in apparels. Presently, garments themselves can be transformed into sensors, which demonstrates the tremendous growth in the field of smart textiles. Wearable applications demand flexible materials that can withstand deformation for their practical use on par with conventional textiles. To address this, we explore the potential reasons for the enhanced performance of wearable devices realized from the fabrication of carbon nanostructured fibers with the use of graphene, carbon nanotubes and other two-dimensional materials. This review presents a brief introduction on the fabrication strategies to form carbon-based fibers and the relationship between their properties and characteristics of the resulting materials. The likely mechanisms of fiber-based electronic and storage devices, focusing mainly on transistors, nano-generators, solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors and therapeutic devices are also presented. Finally, the future perspectives of this research field of flexible and wearable electronics are discussed. The present study supplements novel ideas not only for beginners aiming to work in this booming area, but also for researchers actively engaged in the field of fiber-based electronics, dealing with advanced electronics and wide range of functionalities integrated into textile fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Chander Dhanabalan
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Thomas B, Raj MC, B AK, H RM, Joy J, Moores A, Drisko GL, Sanchez C. Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11575-11625. [PMID: 30403346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
With increasing environmental and ecological concerns due to the use of petroleum-based chemicals and products, the synthesis of fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is of great public value. Nanocellulose may prove to be one of the most promising green materials of modern times due to its intrinsic properties, renewability, and abundance. In this review, we present nanocellulose-based materials from sourcing, synthesis, and surface modification of nanocellulose, to materials formation and applications. Nanocellulose can be sourced from biomass, plants, or bacteria, relying on fairly simple, scalable, and efficient isolation techniques. Mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments, or a combination of these, can be used to extract nanocellulose from natural sources. The properties of nanocellulose are dependent on the source, the isolation technique, and potential subsequent surface transformations. Nanocellulose surface modification techniques are typically used to introduce either charged or hydrophobic moieties, and include amidation, esterification, etherification, silylation, polymerization, urethanization, sulfonation, and phosphorylation. Nanocellulose has excellent strength, high Young's modulus, biocompatibility, and tunable self-assembly, thixotropic, and photonic properties, which are essential for the applications of this material. Nanocellulose participates in the fabrication of a large range of nanomaterials and nanocomposites, including those based on polymers, metals, metal oxides, and carbon. In particular, nanocellulose complements organic-based materials, where it imparts its mechanical properties to the composite. Nanocellulose is a promising material whenever material strength, flexibility, and/or specific nanostructuration are required. Applications include functional paper, optoelectronics, and antibacterial coatings, packaging, mechanically reinforced polymer composites, tissue scaffolds, drug delivery, biosensors, energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and electrochemically controlled separation. Phosphorylated nanocellulose is a particularly interesting material, spanning a surprising set of applications in various dimensions including bone scaffolds, adsorbents, and flame retardants and as a support for the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bejoy Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Midhun C Raj
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Athira K B
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Rubiyah M H
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India
| | - Jithin Joy
- Department of Chemistry , Newman College, Thodupuzha , 685 585 Thodupuzha , Kerala , India.,International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IIUCNN), Mahatma Gandhi University , 686 560 Kottayam , Kerala , India
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Glenna L Drisko
- CNRS, ICMCB, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5026 , F-33600 Pessac , France
| | - Clément Sanchez
- UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7574 Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France , 11 place, Marcelin Berthelot , F-75005 , Paris , France
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Qiu C, Zhu K, Yang W, Wang Y, Zhang L, Chen F, Fu Q. Super Strong All-Cellulose Composite Filaments by Combination of Inducing Nanofiber Formation and Adding Nanofibrillated Cellulose. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4386-4395. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuibo Qiu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunkun Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 16 Luojiashan Street, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weixing Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 16 Luojiashan Street, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
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Vacuum-assisted bilayer PEDOT:PSS/cellulose nanofiber composite film for self-standing, flexible, conductive electrodes. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:383-391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Shao W, Wang S, Liu H, Wu J, Huang M, Ma W, Huang C. Rheological and mechanical study of regenerated cellulose/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:395707. [PMID: 27574002 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/39/395707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Regenerated cellulose (RC)-based composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared by a facile casting method. The morphology and microstructure of the fabricated composites were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetric analysis were conducted to investigate the effect of MWCNTs on the thermal behaviors of the RC. The results showed that the introduction of MWCNTs enhanced the thermal stability of the RC. Moreover, the effect of the dispersion state of MWCNTs in microcrystalline cellulose/ZnCl2 solutions with varying MWCNT loadings was studied by rheological tests. The mechanical properties of composite films were remarkably improved compared to those of pure RC film. Specifically, the composite film containing 3 wt% of MWCNTs exhibits a 123% enhancement in tensile strength and a 163% enhancement in the Young's modulus compared with the pure RC film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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Schulz B, Meinert T, Bierbüsse D, Busen M, Körtzinger N, Stankowski M, Seide G. Cellulose Aerogel Fibers Tested on a REXUS 18 Rocket - The ACTOR Project. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Liquid-sensing behaviors of carbon black/polyamide 6/high-density polyethylene composite containing ultrafine conductive electrospun fibrous network. Colloid Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-016-3900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Li X, Hu Y, An Q, Luan X, Zhang Q, Zhang Y. Fuzzy, copper-based multi-functional composite particles serving simultaneous catalytic and signal-enhancing roles. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:9376-9381. [PMID: 27091497 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional plasmonic particles serving simultaneously as catalysts and label-free reporting agents are highly pursued due to their great potential in enhancing reaction operational efficiencies. Copper is an abundant and economic resource, and it possesses practical applicability in industries, but no dual-functional copper-based catalytic and self-reporting particles have been reported so far. This study proposes a facile strategy to prepare high-performance dual-functional copper-based composite particles that catalyze reactions and simultaneously serve as a SERS (surface enhanced Raman spectra) active, label-free reporting agent. Polyelectrolyte-modified reduced graphene oxide particles are used as the reactive precursors in the fabrication method. Upon adding Cu(NO3)2 solutions into the precursor dispersions, composite particles comprised by copper/copper oxide core and polyelectrolyte-graphene shell were facilely obtained under sonication. The as-prepared composite particles efficiently catalyzed the conversion of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol and simultaneously acted as the SERS-active substrate to give enhanced Raman spectra of the produced 4-aminophenol. Taking advantage of the assembling capabilities of polyelectrolyte shells, the composite particles could be further assembled onto a planar substrate to catalyze organic reactions, facilitating their application in various conditions. We expect this report to promote the fabrication and application of copper-based multifunctional particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yingmo Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Qi An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xinglong Luan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
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