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Jose SM, Rajaraman V, Ariga P, Ganapathy D, Sekaran S. Analyzing the Surface Topography of Hafnium Nitride Coating on Titanium Screws: An In Vitro Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e57385. [PMID: 38694672 PMCID: PMC11062495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The use of surface coatings to enhance the properties lacking in titanium has attracted significant focus in recent times. Hafnium nitride (HfN) coatings could be explored as promising in the osteoinductive properties of titanium implants. HfN exhibits excellent mechanical attributes, such as hardness and wear resistance, and is often used as a coating on high-end equipment for protection. The findings from this research may carve a new path for the production and optimization of HfN coatings to enhance the longevity and augment properties of implant materials. Thus, the present study was orchestrated to elucidate the surface morphology of HfN coating, ultimately contributing to the advancement of dental implant biomaterials. Materials and methods A total of twenty samples of medical grade commercially pure titanium screws (2 mm diameter and 7 mm length) were procured from G. R. Bioure Surgical System Pvt. Ltd., Ravali, Uttar Pradesh, India, and ten samples were reacted with HfN (0.1 M) (Nano Research Elements, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India) in 100% ethanol and stirred continuously for about 48 hours. Then these screw samples were immersed in the prepared colloidal suspension and sintered for two hours at 400 degrees centigrade. The implant screws were affixed onto metal supports. The magnifications for photomicrographs at ×30, ×200, ×1,500, ×3,000, and ×5,000 were standardized. Elementary semi-quantitative analysis of both dental implants was conducted using energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) coupled with the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) equipment (JEOL Ltd., Akishima, Tokyo, Japan). The software used for the analysis of the obtained images is SEM Center. Results The surface analysis using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed the coating of HfN over titanium screws. The difference in surface morphology of both the group of implant screws can be visualized under 40.0 and 10.0 mm working distance (WD) for both groups. The surface analysis using the EDX of uncoated titanium screws shows five elements in the spectrum: titanium (Ti), oxygen (O), aluminum (Al), carbon (C), and vanadium (V). The EDX of the HfN-coated screws has two additional metals dispersed in the spectrum, hafnium (Hf). The element characteristics are tabulated with their apparent concentration, k ratio, line type, weight percentage, standard label, and factory label for uncoated titanium screws and HfN-coated titanium screws. Conclusion The study evaluated HfN coating over medical grade commercially pure titanium. The surface topography of coated versus uncoated was visualized. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed a homogenous coating over the titanium surfaces, and the EDX showed elemental dispersion of the coated implant. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the coating's surface morphology, which will aid in the development of more durable and biocompatible implants. This thereby provides a promising scope for further research of this novel metal coating for use in the biomedical sectors, specifically for dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa M Jose
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vaishnavi Rajaraman
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Padma Ariga
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Dhanraj Ganapathy
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Quiles MT, Rodríguez-Contreras A, Guillem-Marti J, Punset M, Sánchez-Soto M, López-Cano M, Sabadell J, Velasco J, Armengol M, Manero JM, Arbós MA. Effect of Functionalization of Texturized Polypropylene Surface by Silanization and HBII-RGD Attachment on Response of Primary Abdominal and Vaginal Fibroblasts. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:667. [PMID: 38475352 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue defects, such as incisional hernia or pelvic organ prolapse, are prevalent pathologies characterized by a tissue microenvironment rich in fragile and dysfunctional fibroblasts. Precision medicine could improve their surgical repair, currently based on polymeric materials. Nonetheless, biomaterial-triggered interventions need first a better understanding of the cell-material interfaces that truly consider the patients' biology. Few tools are available to study the interactions between polymers and dysfunctional soft tissue cells in vitro. Here, we propose polypropylene (PP) as a matrix to create microscale surfaces w/wo functionalization with an HBII-RGD molecule, a fibronectin fragment modified to include an RGD sequence for promoting cell attachment and differentiation. Metal mold surfaces were roughened by shot blasting with aluminum oxide, and polypropylene plates were obtained by injection molding. HBII-RGD was covalently attached by silanization. As a proof of concept, primary abdominal and vaginal wall fasciae fibroblasts from control patients were grown on the new surfaces. Tissue-specific significant differences in cell morphology, early adhesion and cytoskeletal structure were observed. Roughness and biofunctionalization parameters exerted unique and combinatorial effects that need further investigation. We conclude that the proposed model is effective and provides a new framework to inform the design of smart materials for the treatment of clinically compromised tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Quiles
- General Surgery Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Josep Trueta, s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Contreras
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Guillem-Marti
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Punset
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Soto
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Cano
- General Surgery Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Abdominal Wall Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sabadell
- General Surgery Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Urogynecology and Pelvic Floor Unit, Department of Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janice Velasco
- Department of Surgery, Hospital San Rafael, Germanes Hospitalàries, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 107, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Armengol
- General Surgery Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Arbós
- General Surgery Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Josep Trueta, s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain
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Heras-Parets A, Ginebra MP, Manero JM, Guillem-Marti J. Guiding Fibroblast Activation Using an RGD-Mutated Heparin Binding II Fragment of Fibronectin for Gingival Titanium Integration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203307. [PMID: 37100430 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a biological seal around the neck of titanium (Ti) implants is critical for ensuring integration at the gingival site and for preventing bacterial colonization that may lead to periimplantitis. This process is guided by activated fibroblasts, named myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and ECM-degrading enzymes resolving the wound. However, in some cases, Ti is not able to attract and activate fibroblasts to a sufficient extent, which may compromise the success of the implant. Fibronectin (FN) is an ECM component found in wounds that is able to guide soft tissue healing through the adhesion of cells and attraction of growth factors (GFs). However, clinical use of FN functionalized Ti implants is problematic because FN is difficult to obtain, and is sensitive to degradation. Herein, functionalizing Ti with a modified recombinant heparin binding II (HBII) domain of FN, mutated to include an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence for promoting both fibroblast adhesion and GF attraction, is aimed at. The HBII-RGD domain is able to stimulate fibroblast adhesion, spreading, proliferation, migration, and activation to a greater extent than the native HBII, reaching values closer to those of full-length FN suggesting that it might induce the formation of a biological sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Heras-Parets
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
| | - Jordi Guillem-Marti
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
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Functionalization of 3D-Printed Titanium Scaffolds with Elastin-like Recombinamers to Improve Cell Colonization and Osteoinduction. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030872. [PMID: 36986732 PMCID: PMC10055514 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3D printing of titanium (Ti) offers countless possibilities for the development of personalized implants with suitable mechanical properties for different medical applications. However, the poor bioactivity of Ti is still a challenge that needs to be addressed to promote scaffold osseointegration. The aim of the present study was to functionalize Ti scaffolds with genetically modified elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), synthetic polymeric proteins containing the elastin epitopes responsible for their mechanical properties and for promoting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation to ultimately increase scaffold osseointegration. To this end, ELRs containing specific cell-adhesive (RGD) and/or osteoinductive (SNA15) moieties were covalently attached to Ti scaffolds. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and colonization were enhanced on those scaffolds functionalized with RGD-ELR, while differentiation was promoted on those with SNA15-ELR. The combination of both RGD and SNA15 into the same ELR stimulated cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, although at lower levels than those for every single moiety. These results suggest that biofunctionalization with SNA15-ELRs could modulate the cellular response to improve the osseointegration of Ti implants. Further investigation on the amount and distribution of RGD and SNA15 moieties in ELRs could improve cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to the present study.
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Parfenova LV, Galimshina ZR, Gil’fanova GU, Alibaeva EI, Danilko KV, Aubakirova VR, Farrakhov RG, Parfenov EV, Valiev RZ. Modeling of Biological Activity of PEO-Coated Titanium Implants with Conjugates of Cyclic RGD Peptide with Amino Acid Bisphosphonates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8120. [PMID: 36431607 PMCID: PMC9699121 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Titanium is considered to be the most essential metal in the field of implantology. The main factors determining metal biocompatibility, among others, include the morphology and chemical composition of the titanium surface. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop approaches to control the biological activity of the titanium surface by creating coatings that combine both an inorganic phase with a given morphology and organic molecules containing an integrin-selective peptide that regulate cell adhesion and proliferation. As such, we synthesized new c(RGDfC) derivatives of amino acid bisphosphonates (four examples) with different bisphosphonate anchors and maleimide linkers. These molecules were deposited on a highly developed porous surface obtained via the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of coarse-grained and nanostructured titanium. In vitro studies demonstrated the increase in the viability degree of mesenchymal stem cells and fibroblasts on the surface of coarse-grained or nanostructured titanium modified with PEO and a c(RGDfC) derivative of ε-aminocaproic acid bisphophonate with an SMCC linker. As a result, the use of conjugates of amino acid bisphosphonates with a cyclic RGD peptide for the modification of PEO-coated titanium opens the ways for the effective control of the biological activity of the metal implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Parfenova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Zulfiya R. Galimshina
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel U. Gil’fanova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Eliza I. Alibaeva
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Danilko
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, 3 Lenin Street, 450000 Ufa, Russia
| | - Veta R. Aubakirova
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 Karl Marx Street, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruzil G. Farrakhov
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 Karl Marx Street, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Evgeny V. Parfenov
- Department of Materials Science and Physics of Metals, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 Karl Marx Street, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruslan Z. Valiev
- Department of Materials Science and Physics of Metals, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 Karl Marx Street, 450008 Ufa, Russia
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Robo I, Heta S, Papakozma D, Ostreni V. Modification of implant surfaces to stimulate mesenchymal cell activation. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:52. [PMID: 35261541 PMCID: PMC8894561 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of osteointegration, as key point has the activation of mesenchymal cells at implant-bone interspace, their differentiation into osteoblasts and connection between the implant surface and the surrounding bone. MAIN TEXT Implant surfaces composed by biocompatible, organism-friendly materials require changes in content and surface morphology; changes that may further stimulate mesenchymal cell activation. The way the implant surfaces are affected with advantages and disadvantages, that typically bring each methodology, is also the purpose of this study. The study is of review type, based on finding articles about implant surface modification, with the aim of promoting the mesenchymal cell activation, utilizing keyword combination. CONCLUSIONS Implant success beyond the human element of the practicioner and the protocol element of implant treatment, also relies on the application of the right type of implant, at the right implant site, in accordance with oral and individual health status of the patient. Implant success does not depend on type of "coating" material of the implants. Based at this physiological process, the success or implant failure is not a process depending on the type of selected implant, because types of synthetic or natural materials that promote osteointegration are relatively in large number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilma Robo
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, Tiranë, Albania
| | - Saimir Heta
- Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgeon, University Hospital, QSUT, Tiranë, Albania
| | | | - Vera Ostreni
- Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgeon, University Hospital, QSUT, Tiranë, Albania
- Department of Morphology, University of Medicine, Tiranë, Albania
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Suni II. Substrate Materials for Biomolecular Immobilization within Electrochemical Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:239. [PMID: 34356710 PMCID: PMC8301891 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors have potential applications for agriculture, food safety, environmental monitoring, sports medicine, biomedicine, and other fields. One of the primary challenges in this field is the immobilization of biomolecular probes atop a solid substrate material with adequate stability, storage lifetime, and reproducibility. This review summarizes the current state of the art for covalent bonding of biomolecules onto solid substrate materials. Early research focused on the use of Au electrodes, with immobilization of biomolecules through ω-functionalized Au-thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), but stability is usually inadequate due to the weak Au-S bond strength. Other noble substrates such as C, Pt, and Si have also been studied. While their nobility has the advantage of ensuring biocompatibility, it also has the disadvantage of making them relatively unreactive towards covalent bond formation. With the exception of Sn-doped In2O3 (indium tin oxide, ITO), most metal oxides are not electrically conductive enough for use within electrochemical biosensors. Recent research has focused on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoS2 and on electrically conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene. In addition, the deposition of functionalized thin films from aryldiazonium cations has attracted significant attention as a substrate-independent method for biofunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Ivar Suni
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA; ; Tel.: +1-618-453-7822
- School of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Materials Engineering, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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Gębczak K, Wiatrak B, Fortuna W. Evaluation of PC12 Cells' Proliferation, Adhesion and Migration with the Use of an Extracellular Matrix (CorMatrix) for Application in Neural Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3858. [PMID: 34300779 PMCID: PMC8307728 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of extracellular matrix (ECM) biomaterials for soft tissue repair has proved extremely successful in animal models and in some clinical settings. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the commercially obtained CorMatrix bioscaffold on the viability, proliferation and migration of rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12. PC12 cells were plated directly onto a CorMatrix flake or the well surface of a 12-well plate and cultured in RPMI-1640 medium and a medium supplemented with the nerve growth factor (NGF). The surface of the culture plates was modified with collagen type I (Col I). The number of PC12 cells was counted at four time points and then analysed for apoptosis using a staining kit containing annexin V conjugate with fluorescein and propidium iodide (PI). The effect of CorMatrix bioscaffold on the proliferation and migration of PC12 cells was tested by staining the cells with Hoechst 33258 solution for analysis using fluorescence microscopy. The research showed that the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells was low (less than 7%). CorMatrix stimulates the proliferation and possibly migration of PC12 cells that populate all levels of the three-dimensional architecture of the biomaterial. Further research on the mechanical and biochemical capabilities of CorMatrix offers prospects for the use of this material in neuro-regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gębczak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Fortuna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Fischer NG, Münchow EA, Tamerler C, Bottino MC, Aparicio C. Harnessing biomolecules for bioinspired dental biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8713-8747. [PMID: 32747882 PMCID: PMC7544669 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental clinicians have relied for centuries on traditional dental materials (polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites) to restore oral health and function to patients. Clinical outcomes for many crucial dental therapies remain poor despite many decades of intense research on these materials. Recent attention has been paid to biomolecules as a chassis for engineered preventive, restorative, and regenerative approaches in dentistry. Indeed, biomolecules represent a uniquely versatile and precise tool to enable the design and development of bioinspired multifunctional dental materials to spur advancements in dentistry. In this review, we survey the range of biomolecules that have been used across dental biomaterials. Our particular focus is on the key biological activity imparted by each biomolecule toward prevention of dental and oral diseases as well as restoration of oral health. Additional emphasis is placed on the structure-function relationships between biomolecules and their biological activity, the unique challenges of each clinical condition, limitations of conventional therapies, and the advantages of each class of biomolecule for said challenge. Biomaterials for bone regeneration are not reviewed as numerous existing reviews on the topic have been recently published. We conclude our narrative review with an outlook on the future of biomolecules in dental biomaterials and potential avenues of innovation for biomaterial-based patient oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-250A Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Xing H, Lee H, Luo L, Kyriakides TR. Extracellular matrix-derived biomaterials in engineering cell function. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 42:107421. [PMID: 31381963 PMCID: PMC6995418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived components are emerging sources for the engineering of biomaterials that are capable of inducing desirable cell-specific responses. This review explores the use of biomaterials derived from naturally occurring ECM proteins and their derivatives in approaches that aim to regulate cell function. Biomaterials addressed are grouped into six categories: purified single ECM proteins, combinations of purified ECM proteins, cell-derived ECM, tissue-derived ECM, diseased and modified ECM, and ECM-polymer coupled biomaterials. Purified ECM proteins serve as a material coating for enhanced cell adhesion and biocompatibility. Cell-derived and tissue-derived ECM, generated by cell isolation and decellularization technologies, can capture the native state of the ECM environment and guide cell migration and alignment patterns as well as stem cell differentiation. We focus primarily on recent advances in the fields of soft tissue, cardiac, and dermal repair, and explore the utilization of ECM proteins as biomaterials to engineer cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, United States of America
| | - Hudson Lee
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, United States of America
| | - Lijing Luo
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, United States of America
| | - Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Yale University, United States of America.
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Titanium Scaffolds by Direct Ink Writing: Fabrication and Functionalization to Guide Osteoblast Behavior. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10091156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys have been used for decades for bone prostheses due to its mechanical reliability and good biocompatibility. However, the high stiffness of Ti implants and the lack of bioactivity are pending issues that should be improved to minimize implant failure. The stress shielding effect, a result of the stiffness mismatch between titanium and bone, can be reduced by introducing a tailored structural porosity in the implant. In this work, porous titanium structures were produced by direct ink writing (DIW), using a new Ti ink formulation containing a thermosensitive hydrogel. A thermal treatment was optimized to ensure the complete elimination of the binder before the sintering process, in order to avoid contamination of the titanium structures. The samples were sintered in argon atmosphere at 1200 °C, 1300 °C or 1400 °C, resulting in total porosities ranging between 72.3% and 77.7%. A correlation was found between the total porosity and the elastic modulus of the scaffolds. The stiffness and yield strength were similar to those of cancellous bone. The functionalization of the scaffold surface with a cell adhesion fibronectin recombinant fragment resulted in enhanced adhesion and spreading of osteoblastic-like cells, together with increased alkaline phosphatase expression and mineralization.
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12
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Huo SC, Yue B. Approaches to promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis on orthopedic implant surface. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:545-561. [PMID: 32843913 PMCID: PMC7415248 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play a critical role in the osseointegration of bone and orthopedic implant. However, osseointegration between the Ti-based implants and the surrounding bone tissue must be improved due to titanium’s inherent defects. Surface modification stands out as a versatile technique to create instructive biomaterials that can actively direct stem cell fate. Here, we summarize the current approaches to promoting BMSC osteogenesis on the surface of titanium and its alloys. We will highlight the utilization of the unique properties of titanium and its alloys in promoting tissue regeneration, and discuss recent advances in understanding their role in regenerative medicine. We aim to provide a systematic and comprehensive review of approaches to promoting BMSC osteogenesis on the orthopedic implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Cheng Huo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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13
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Fohlerova Z, Mozalev A. Anodic formation and biomedical properties of hafnium-oxide nanofilms. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2300-2310. [PMID: 32254678 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03180k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is attracting attention for bio-related applications due to its good cytocompatibility, high density, and resistance to corrosion and mechanical damage. Here we synthesize two types of hafnium-oxide thin films on substrates via self-organized electrochemical anodization: (1) an array of hierarchically structured nanorods anchored to a thin oxide layer and (2) a microscopically flat oxide film. The nanostructured film is composed of a unique mixture of HfO2, suboxide Hf2O3, and oxide-hydroxide compound HfO2·nH2O whereas the flat film is mainly HfO2. In vitro interaction of the two films with MG-63 osteoblast-like cells and Gram-negative E. coli bacteria is studied for the first time to assess the potential of the films for biomedical application. Both films reveal good cytocompatibility and affinity for proteins, represented by fibronectin and especially albumin, which is absorbed in a nine times larger amount. The morphology and specific surface chemistry of the nanostructured film cause a two-fold enhanced antibacterial effect, better cell attachment, significantly improved proliferation of cells, five-fold rise in the cellular Young's modulus, slightly stronger production of reactive oxygen species, and formation of cell clusters. Compared with the flat film, the nanostructured one features the weakening of AFM-measured adhesion force at the cell/surface interface, probably caused by partially lifting the nanorods from the substrate due to the strong contact with cells. The present findings deepen the understanding of biological processes at the living cell/metal-oxide interface, underlying the role of surface chemistry and the impact of nanostructuring at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Fohlerova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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Hoyos-Nogués M, Falgueras-Batlle E, Ginebra MP, Manero JM, Gil J, Mas-Moruno C. A Dual Molecular Biointerface Combining RGD and KRSR Sequences Improves Osteoblastic Functions by Synergizing Integrin and Cell-Membrane Proteoglycan Binding. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1429. [PMID: 30901841 PMCID: PMC6470513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergizing integrin and cell-membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan signaling on biomaterials through peptidic sequences is known to have beneficial effects in the attachment and behavior of osteoblasts; however, controlling the exact amount and ratio of peptides tethered on a surface is challenging. Here, we present a dual molecular-based biointerface combining integrin (RGD) and heparin (KRSR)-binding peptides in a chemically controlled fashion. To this end, a tailor-made synthetic platform (PLATF) was designed and synthesized by solid-phase methodologies. The PLATF and the control linear peptides (RGD or KRSR) were covalently bound to titanium via silanization. Physicochemical characterization by means of contact angle, Raman spectroscopy and XPS proved the successful and stable grafting of the molecules. The biological potential of the biointerfaces was measured with osteoblastic (Saos-2) cells both at short and long incubation periods. Biomolecule grafting (either the PLATF, RGD or KRSR) statistically improved (p < 0.05) cell attachment, spreading, proliferation and mineralization, compared to control titanium. Moreover, the molecular PLATF biointerface synergistically enhanced mineralization (p < 0.05) of Saos-2 cells compared to RGD or KRSR alone. These results indicate that dual-function coatings may serve to improve the bioactivity of medical implants by mimicking synergistic receptor binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Hoyos-Nogués
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elena Falgueras-Batlle
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José María Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Javier Gil
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Guillem-Marti J, Gelabert M, Heras-Parets A, Pegueroles M, Ginebra MP, Manero JM. RGD Mutation of the Heparin Binding II Fragment of Fibronectin for Guiding Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior on Titanium Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3666-3678. [PMID: 30607934 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Installing bioactivity on metallic biomaterials by mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for stimulating specific cellular responses to ultimately promote tissue regeneration. Fibronectin is an ECM protein commonly used for biomaterial functionalization. The use of fibronectin recombinant fragments is an attractive alternate to the use of full-length fibronectin because of the relatively low cost and facility of purification. However, it is necessary to combine more than one fragment, for example, the cell attachment site and the heparin binding II (HBII), either mixed or in one molecule, to obtain complete activity. In the present study, we proposed to install adhesion capacity to the HBII fragment by an RGD gain-of-function DNA mutation, retaining its cell differentiation capacity and thereby producing a small and very active protein fragment. The novel molecule, covalently immobilized onto titanium surfaces, maintained the growth factor-binding capacity and stimulated cell spreading, osteoblastic cell differentiation, and mineralization of human mesenchymal stem cells compared to the HBII native protein. These results highlight the potential capacity of gain-of-function DNA mutations in the design of novel molecules for the improvement of osseointegration properties of metallic implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
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16
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Fraioli R, Neubauer S, Rechenmacher F, Bosch BM, Dashnyam K, Kim JH, Perez RA, Kim HW, Gil FJ, Ginebra MP, Manero JM, Kessler H, Mas-Moruno C. Control of stem cell response and bone growth on biomaterials by fully non-peptidic integrin selective ligands. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1281-1285. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01466c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integrin selective peptidomimetics tune stem cell behavior in vitro and improve bone formation in rat calvarial defects.
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17
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Mas-Moruno C, Su B, Dalby MJ. Multifunctional Coatings and Nanotopographies: Toward Cell Instructive and Antibacterial Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801103. [PMID: 30468010 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In biomaterials science, it is nowadays well accepted that improving the biointegration of dental and orthopedic implants with surrounding tissues is a major goal. However, implant surfaces that support osteointegration may also favor colonization of bacterial cells. Infection of biomaterials and subsequent biofilm formation can have devastating effects and reduce patient quality of life, representing an emerging concern in healthcare. Conversely, efforts toward inhibiting bacterial colonization may impair biomaterial-tissue integration. Therefore, to improve the long-term success of medical implants, biomaterial surfaces should ideally discourage the attachment of bacteria without affecting eukaryotic cell functions. However, most current strategies seldom investigate a combined goal. This work reviews recent strategies of surface modification to simultaneously address implant biointegration while mitigating bacterial infections. To this end, two emerging solutions are considered, multifunctional chemical coatings and nanotopographical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); Barcelona 08019 Spain
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School; University of Bristol; Bristol BS1 2LY UK
| | - Matthew J. Dalby
- Centre for Cell Engineering; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 UK
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18
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Guillem-Marti J, Boix-Lemonche G, Gugutkov D, Ginebra MP, Altankov G, Manero JM. Recombinant fibronectin fragment III8-10/polylactic acid hybrid nanofibers enhance the bioactivity of titanium surface. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:899-912. [PMID: 29564966 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a nanofiber (NF)-based biomimetic coating on titanium (Ti) that mimics the complex spatiotemporal organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MATERIALS & METHODS Recombinant cell attachment site (CAS) of fibronectin type III8-10 domain was co-electrospun with polylactic acid (PLA) and covalently bound on polished Ti discs. Osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells were used to evaluate their complex bioactivity. RESULTS A significant increase of cell spreading was found on CAS/PLA hybrid NFs, followed by control pure PLA NFs and bare Ti discs. Cell proliferation showed similar trend being about twice higher on CAS/PLA NFs. The significantly increased ALP activity at day 21 indicated an enhanced differentiation of SaOS-2 cells. CONCLUSION Coating of Ti implants with hybrid CAS/PLA NFs may improve significantly their osseointegration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Guillem-Marti
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science & Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Boix-Lemonche
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science & Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dencho Gugutkov
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science & Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - George Altankov
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics & Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08930 Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science & Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Hasan A, Saxena V, Pandey LM. Surface Functionalization of Ti6Al4V via Self-assembled Monolayers for Improved Protein Adsorption and Fibroblast Adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3494-3506. [PMID: 29489380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although metallic biomaterials find numerous biomedical applications, their inherent low bioactivity and poor osteointegration had been a great challenge for decades. Surface modification via silanization can serve as an attractive method for improving the aforementioned properties of such substrates. However, its effect on protein adsorption/conformation and subsequent cell adhesion and spreading has rarely been investigated. This work reports the in-depth study of the effect of Ti6Al4V surface functionalization on protein adsorption and cell behavior. We prepared self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of five different surfaces (amine, octyl, mixed [1:1 ratio of amine:octyl], hybrid, and COOH). Synthesized surfaces were characterized by Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, contact angle goniometry, profilometry, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Quantification of adsorbed mass of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibronectin (FN) was determined on different surfaces along with secondary structure analysis. The adsorbed amount of BSA was found to increase with an increase in surface hydrophobicity with the maximum adsorption on the octyl surface while the reverse trend was detected for FN adsorption, having the maximum adsorbed mass on the COOH surface. The α-helix content of adsorbed BSA increased on amine and COOH surfaces while it decreased for other surfaces. Whereas increasing β-turn content of the adsorbed FN with the increase in the surface hydrophobicity was observed. In FN, RGD loops are located in the β-turn and consequently the increase in Δ adhered cells (%) was predominantly increased with the increasing Δ β-turn content (%). We found hybrid surfaces to be the most promising surface modifier due to maximum cell adhesion (%) and proliferation, larger nuclei area, and the least cell circularity. Bacterial density increased with the increasing hydrophobicity and was found maximum for the amine surface (θ = 63 ± 1°) which further decreased with the increasing hydrophobicity. Overall, modified surfaces (in particular hybrid surface) showed better protein adsorption and cell adhesion properties as compared to unmodified Ti6Al4V and can be potentially used for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abshar Hasan
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India
| | - Varun Saxena
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India
| | - Lalit M Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam 781039 , India
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20
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Mu C, Hu Y, Huang L, Shen X, Li M, Li L, Gu H, Yu Y, Xia Z, Cai K. Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 82:345-353. [PMID: 29025668 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique. The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h. The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively. Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits. The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yonglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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21
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First-Principles Investigation of Structural, Electronic and Elastic Properties of HfX (X = Os, Ir and Pt) Compounds. METALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/met7080317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Hoyos-Nogués M, Velasco F, Ginebra MP, Manero JM, Gil FJ, Mas-Moruno C. Regenerating Bone via Multifunctional Coatings: The Blending of Cell Integration and Bacterial Inhibition Properties on the Surface of Biomaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21618-21630. [PMID: 28594999 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In dentistry and orthopedics, it is well accepted that implant fixation is a major goal. However, an emerging concern is bacterial infection. Infection of metallic implants can be catastrophic and significantly reduce patient quality of life. Accordingly, in this work, we focus on multifunctional coatings to simultaneously address and mitigate both these problems. We have developed a tailor-made peptide-based chemical platform that integrates the well-known RGD cell adhesive sequence and the lactoferrin-derived LF1-11 antimicrobial peptide. The platform was covalently grafted on titanium via silanization and the functionalization process characterized by contact angle, XPS, and QCM-D. The presence of the platform statistically improved the adhesion, proliferation and mineralization of osteoblast-like cells compared to control surfaces. At the same time, colonization by representative bacterial strains was significantly reduced on the surfaces. Furthermore, the biological potency of the multifunctional platform was verified in a co-culture in vitro model. Our findings demonstrate that this multifunctional approach can be useful to functionalize biomaterials to both improve cell integration and reduce the risk of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Hoyos-Nogués
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Velasco
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Gil
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC) , 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) , 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Mallinson D, Cheung DL, Simionesie D, Mullen AB, Zhang ZJ, Lamprou DA. Experimental and computational examination of anastellin (FnIII1c)-polymer interactions. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:737-745. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Mallinson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS); University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - David L. Cheung
- School of Chemistry; National University of Ireland; Galway, University Road Galway Ireland
| | - Dorin Simionesie
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Alexander B. Mullen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS); University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - Zhenyu J. Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios A. Lamprou
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS); University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow United Kingdom
- Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC); University of Strathclyde; Glasgow United Kingdom
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24
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Fraioli R, Dashnyam K, Kim JH, Perez RA, Kim HW, Gil J, Ginebra MP, Manero JM, Mas-Moruno C. Surface guidance of stem cell behavior: Chemically tailored co-presentation of integrin-binding peptides stimulates osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo. Acta Biomater 2016; 43:269-281. [PMID: 27481289 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Surface modification stands out as a versatile technique to create instructive biomaterials that are able to actively direct stem cell fate. Chemical functionalization of titanium has been used in this work to stimulate the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into the osteoblastic lineage, by covalently anchoring a synthetic double-branched molecule (PTF) to the metal that allows a finely controlled presentation of peptidic motifs. In detail, the effect of the RGD adhesive peptide and its synergy motif PHSRN is studied, comparing a random distribution of the two peptides with the chemically-tailored disposition within the custom made synthetic platform, which mimics the interspacing between the motifs observed in fibronectin. Contact angle measurement and XPS analysis are used to prove the efficiency of functionalization. We demonstrate that, by rationally designing ligands, stem cell response can be efficiently guided towards the osteogenic phenotype: In vitro, PTF-functionalized surfaces support hMSCs adhesion, with higher cell area and formation of focal contacts, expression of the integrin receptor α5β1 and the osteogenic marker Runx2, and deposition a highly mineralized matrix, reaching values of mineralization comparable to fibronectin. Our strategy is also demonstrated to be efficient in promoting new bone growth in vivo in a rat calvarial defect. These results highlight the efficacy of chemical control over the presentation of bioactive peptides; such systems may be used to engineer bioactive surfaces with improved osseointegrative properties, or can be easily tuned to generate multi-functional coatings requiring a tailored disposition of the peptidic motifs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Organic coatings have been proposed as a solution to foster osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Among them, extracellular matrix-derived peptide motifs are an interesting biomimetic strategy to harness cell-surface interactions. Nonetheless, the combination of multiple peptide motifs in a controlled manner is essential to achieve receptor specificity and fully exploit the potentiality of synthetic peptides. Herein, we covalently graft to titanium a double branched molecule to guide stem cell fate in vitro and generate an osseoinductive titanium surface in vivo. Such synthetic ligand allows for the simultaneous presentation of two bioactive motifs, thus is ideal to test the effect of synergic sequences, such as RGD and PHSRN, and is a clear example of the versatility and feasibility of rationally designed biomolecules.
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