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Salomón FF, Vega NC, Jurado JP, Morán Vieyra FE, Tirado M, Comedi D, Campoy-Quiles M, Cattaneo M, Katz NE. Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 2,2'-Bipyridines Having Carbonitriles as Anchoring Groups for ZnO Surfaces: Syntheses, Physicochemical Properties, and Applications in Organic Solar Cells. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5660-5672. [PMID: 33821633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heteroleptic ruthenium (II) complexes were used for sensitizing ZnO surfaces in organic solar cells (OSCs) as mediators with photoactive layers. The complexes [Ru(4,4'-X2-bpy)(Mebpy-CN)2]2+ (with X = -CH3, -OCH3 and -N(CH3)2; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Mebpy-CN = 4-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4'-carbonitrile) were synthesized and studied by analytical and spectroscopical techniques. Spectroscopic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties were tuned by changing the electron-donating ability of the -X substituents at the 4,4'-positions of the bpy ring and rationalized by quantum mechanical calculations. These complexes were attached through nitrile groups to ZnO as interfacial layer in an OSC device with a PBDB-T:ITIC photoactive layer. This modified inorganic electron transport layer generates enhancement in photoconversion of the solar cells, reaching up to a 23% increase with respect to the unsensitized OSCs. The introduction of these dyes suppresses some degradative reactions of the nonfullerene acceptor due to the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide, which was maintained stable for about 11 months. Improving OSC efficiencies and stabilities can thus be achieved by a judicious combination of new inorganic and organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando F Salomón
- INQUINOA (CONICET-UNT), Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Nadia C Vega
- INFINOA (CONICET-UNT), NANOPROJECT, Depto. de Física, FACET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. Independencia 1800, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - José Piers Jurado
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, España
| | - Faustino E Morán Vieyra
- INBIONATEC (CONICET-UNSE), Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Mónica Tirado
- INFINOA (CONICET-UNT), NANOPROJECT, Depto. de Física, FACET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. Independencia 1800, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - David Comedi
- INFINOA (CONICET-UNT), NANOPROJECT, Depto. de Física, FACET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. Independencia 1800, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mariano Campoy-Quiles
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, España
| | - Mauricio Cattaneo
- INQUINOA (CONICET-UNT), Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Néstor E Katz
- INQUINOA (CONICET-UNT), Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Soultati A, Verykios A, Panagiotakis S, Armadorou KK, Haider MI, Kaltzoglou A, Drivas C, Fakharuddin A, Bao X, Yang C, Yusoff ARBM, Evangelou EK, Petsalakis I, Kennou S, Falaras P, Yannakopoulou K, Pistolis G, Argitis P, Vasilopoulou M. Suppressing the Photocatalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Electron-Transport Layer in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with a Pyrene-Bodipy Interlayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21961-21973. [PMID: 32364365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells based on nonfullerene acceptors have recently witnessed a significant rise in their power conversion efficiency values. However, they still suffer from severe instability issues, especially in an inverted device architecture based on the zinc oxide bottom electron transport layers. In this work, we insert a pyrene-bodipy donor-acceptor dye as a thin interlayer at the photoactive layer/zinc oxide interface to suppress the degradation reaction of the nonfullerene acceptor caused by the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide. In particular, the pyrene-bodipy-based interlayer inhibits the direct contact between the nonfullerene acceptor and zinc oxide hence preventing the decomposition of the former by zinc oxide under illumination with UV light. As a result, the device photostability was significantly improved. The π-π interaction between the nonfullerene acceptor and the bodipy part of the interlayer facilitates charge transfer from the nonfullerene acceptor toward pyrene, which is followed by intramolecular charge transfer to bodipy part and then to zinc oxide. The bodipy-pyrene modified zinc oxide also increased the degree of crystallization of the photoactive blend and the face-on stacking of the polymer donor molecules within the blend hence contributing to both enhanced charge transport and increased absorption of the incident light. Furthermore, it decreased the surface work function as well as surface energy of the zinc oxide film all impacting in improved power conversion efficiency values of the fabricated cells with champion devices reaching values up to 9.86 and 11.80% for the fullerene and nonfullerene-based devices, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Soultati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Apostolis Verykios
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Stylianos Panagiotakis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Konstantina-Kalliopi Armadorou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Zografos 15771, Greece
| | - Muhammad Irfan Haider
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wah, Wah 47040, Pakistan
| | - Andreas Kaltzoglou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Charalampos Drivas
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Azhar Fakharuddin
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Chunming Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Physics, Vivian Tower, Singleton Park, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP , United Kingdom
| | | | - Ioannis Petsalakis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Vas. Constantinou Avenue 48, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Stella Kennou
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Polycarpos Falaras
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Konstantina Yannakopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - George Pistolis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Argitis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
| | - Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens15310, Greece
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Ding Y, Zhao M, Yu J, Zhang X, Li Z, Li H. Using the interfacial barrier effects of p-n junction on electrochemistry for detection of phosphate. Analyst 2020; 145:3217-3221. [PMID: 32211694 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of electrochemical sensor for detection of phosphate in water environment was developed by combining the interfacial barrier of p-n junction with the adsorption of phosphate. The electrochemical response was produced by the induced change of the barrier height, which was only caused by the specific adsorption of phosphate. Two linear concentration ranges (0-0.045 mg L-1 and 0.045-0.090 mg L-1) with two sensitivities (4.98 μA (μg L-1)-1 and 1.28 μA (μg L-1)-1) were found. The good performance made the sensor meet the requirements of the World Health Organization for drinking water (1 mg L-1 of phosphate). It is an approach to develop electrochemical sensors by employing the interfacial barrier effects on electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
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Gkini K, Verykios A, Balis N, Kaltzoglou A, Papadakis M, Adamis KS, Armadorou KK, Soultati A, Drivas C, Gardelis S, Petsalakis ID, Palilis LC, Fakharuddin A, Haider MI, Bao X, Kennou S, Argitis P, Schmidt-Mende L, Coutsolelos AG, Falaras P, Vasilopoulou M. Enhanced Organic and Perovskite Solar Cell Performance through Modification of the Electron-Selective Contact with a Bodipy-Porphyrin Dyad. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1120-1131. [PMID: 31829007 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic devices based on organic semiconductors and organo-metal halide perovskites have not yet reached the theoretically predicted power conversion efficiencies while they still exhibit poor environmental stability. Interfacial engineering using suitable materials has been recognized as an attractive approach to tackle the above issues. We introduce here a zinc porphyrin-triazine-bodipy donor-π bridge-acceptor dye as a universal electron transfer mediator in both organic and perovskite solar cells. Thanks to its "push-pull" character, this dye enhances electron transfer from the absorber layer toward the electron-selective contact, thus improving the device's photocurrent and efficiency. The direct result is more than 10% average power conversion efficiency enhancement in both fullerene-based (from 8.65 to 9.80%) and non-fullerene-based (from 7.71 to 8.73%) organic solar cells as well as in perovskite ones (from 14.56 to 15.67%), proving the universality of our approach. Concurrently, by forming a hydrophobic network on the surface of metal oxide substrates, it improves the nanomorphology of the photoactive overlayer and contributes to efficiency stabilization. The fabricated devices of both kinds preserved more than 85% of their efficiency upon exposure to ambient conditions for more than 600 h without any encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Gkini
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Apostolis Verykios
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Nikolaos Balis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Andreas Kaltzoglou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Michael Papadakis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Crete, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry , Voutes Campus , 70013 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Konstantinos S Adamis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
- Department of Chemistry , University of Crete, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry , Voutes Campus , 70013 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Konstantina-Kalliopi Armadorou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Anastasia Soultati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | | | - Spyros Gardelis
- Solid State Physics Section, Physics Department , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis , 15784 Zografos , Athens , Greece
| | - Ioannis D Petsalakis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation , Vas. Constantinou Avenue 48 , 11635 Athens , Greece
| | | | - Azhar Fakharuddin
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Muhammad Irfan Haider
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , 45320 Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 266101 Qingdao , China
| | | | - Panagiotis Argitis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | | | - Athanassios G Coutsolelos
- Department of Chemistry , University of Crete, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry , Voutes Campus , 70013 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Polycarpos Falaras
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
| | - Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi , 15341 Athens , Greece
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Srivastava SB, Modi MH, Ghosh SK, Singh SP. Investigation of the buried planar interfaces in multi-layered inverted organic solar cells using x-ray reflectivity and impedance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:124003. [PMID: 30641510 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aafe38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The hole and electron extracting interlayers in the organic solar cells (OSCs) play an important role in high performing devices. The present work focuses on an investigation of Zinc oxide/bulk heterojunction (ZnO/BHJ) and BHJ/MoO x (Molybdenum oxide) buried planar interfaces in inverted OSC devices using the optical contrast in various layers along with the electrical measurements. The x-ray reflectivity (XRR) analysis demonstrates the formation of additional intermixing layers at the interfaces of ZnO/BHJ and BHJ/MoO x . Our results indicate infusion of PC71BM into ZnO layer up to ~4 nm which smoothen the ZnO/BHJ interface. In contrast, thermally evaporated MoO x molecules diffuse into PTB7-Th dominant upper layers of BHJ active layer resulting in an intermixed layer at the interface of MoO x /BHJ. The high recombination resistance (~5 kΩ cm2) and electron lifetime (~70 μs), obtained from the impedance spectroscopy (IS), support such vertical segregation of PTB7-Th and PC71BM in the active layer. The OSC devices, processed in ambient condition, exhibit high power conversion efficiency of 6.4%. We consider our results have great significance to understand the structure of buried planar interfaces at interlayers and their correlation with the electrical parameters representing various interfacial mechanisms of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi B Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar 201314, India
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Susarova DK, Akkuratov AV, Kukharenko AI, Cholakh SO, Kurmaev EZ, Troshin PA. ITO Modification for Efficient Inverted Organic Solar Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10118-10124. [PMID: 28873309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a facile approach to designing transparent electron-collecting electrodes by depositing thin layers of medium and low work function metals on top of transparent conductive metal oxides (TCOs) such as ITO and FTO. The modified electrodes were fairly stable for months under ambient conditions and maintained their electrical characteristics. XPS spectroscopy data strongly suggested integration of the deposited metal in the TCO structure resulting in additional doping of the conducting oxide at the interface. Kelvin probe microscopy measurements revealed a significant decrease in the ITO work function after modification. Organic solar cells based on three different conjugated polymers have demonstrated state of the art performances in inverted device geometry using Mg- or Yb-modified ITO as electron collecting electrode. The simplicity of the proposed approach and the excellent ambient stability of the modified ITO electrodes allows one to expect their wide utilization in research laboratories and electronic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana K Susarova
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences , Semenov ave 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Alexander V Akkuratov
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences , Semenov ave 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Andrey I Kukharenko
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University , Mira street 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Seif O Cholakh
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University , Mira street 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Ernst Z Kurmaev
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences , Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University , Mira street 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Pavel A Troshin
- Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences , Semenov ave 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow region, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center , 143026, Nobel st. 3, Moscow, Russia
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