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Gibbons B, Cai M, Morris AJ. A Potential Roadmap to Integrated Metal Organic Framework Artificial Photosynthetic Arrays. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17723-17736. [PMID: 36126182 PMCID: PMC9545145 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of coordination polymers, gained popularity in the late 1990s with the efforts of Omar Yaghi, Richard Robson, Susumu Kitagawa, and others. The intrinsic porosity of MOFs made them a clear platform for gas storage and separation. Indeed, these applications have dominated the vast literature in MOF synthesis, characterization, and applications. However, even in those early years, there were hints to more advanced applications in light-MOF interactions and catalysis. This perspective focuses on the combination of both light-MOF interactions and catalysis: MOF artificial photosynthetic assemblies. Light absorption, charge transport, H2O oxidation, and CO2 reduction have all been previously observed in MOFs; however, work toward a fully MOF-based approach to artificial photosynthesis remains out of reach. Discussed here are the current limitations with MOF-based approaches: diffusion through the framework, selectivity toward high value products, lack of integrated studies, and stability. These topics provide a roadmap for the future development of fully integrated MOF-based assemblies for artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Meng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Amanda J Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Monnier V, Odobel F, Diring S. New sulfonated perylene diimide pyrazolate ligands: a simple route toward n-type redox-active hybrid materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9429-9432. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02427f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and the in depth electrochemical study of two novel electron accepting sulfonated perylene diimide pyrazolate ligands. Bridging the sulfone moieties of the perylene core, unexpectedely affected...
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You MH, Li MH, Di YM, Zhang SQ, Lin MJ. Photochromic Polyoxometalate/Perylenediimide Donor-Acceptor Hybrid Crystals with Interesting Luminescent Properties. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:105-112. [PMID: 34918511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of electron-deficient protonated N, N'-dipyridyltetrachloroperylenediimide (4Cl-DPPDI) and electron-rich polyoxometalate acids HnXM12O40 (POMs; X = P or Si; M = W or Mo) resulted in four isomorphous donor-acceptor hybrid crystals 1-4 with segregated POM anions and one-dimensional racemic hydrogen-bonded 4Cl-DPPDI networks as electron-donor and -acceptor components, respectively. Because of the compact contacts between the POM anions and 4Cl-DPPDI tectons induced by anion-π interactions, besides enhanced photochromism, these four unique isostructural hybrids exhibited unusual room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emissions. More interestingly, owing to the facial compact contacts of two racemic 4Cl-DPPDI tectons induced by lone pair-π-assisted π-π interactions, they also showed unprecedented photon upconversion by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua You
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Meng-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yi-Ming Di
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shu-Quan Zhang
- College of Zhicheng, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mei-Jin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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Wang Z, Wang C. Excited State Energy Transfer in Metal-Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005819. [PMID: 33788309 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Excited state energy transfer in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is of great interest due to potential application of these materials in photocatalysis and fluorescence sensing. In photocatalysis, a light-harvesting antenna of MOFs can collect energy from a much larger area than a single reaction center and efficiently transport the energy to the active site to enhance photocatalytic efficiency, mimicking nature photosynthesis. In fluorescence sensing, excited state traveling on the framework can search for analyte quencher molecules to give amplified fluorescence quenching, so that one quencher turns off multiple excited states to enhance signal. Key to these designer performances is highly efficient energy transfer on these framework materials that are determined by types of excited states, dimension of the materials, and structure of the frameworks. Advancement of MOF synthetic chemistry provides new tools to control the rate and directionality of energy transfer in these materials, opening opportunities in manipulating excited states at an unprecedented level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChem, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChem, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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Chai L, Pan J, Hu Y, Qian J, Hong M. Rational Design and Growth of MOF-on-MOF Heterostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100607. [PMID: 34245231 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a subclass of highly crystalline inorganic-organic materials, which are endowed with high surface areas, tunable pores, and fascinating nanostructures. Heterostructured MOF-on-MOF composites are recently becoming a research hotspot in the field of chemistry and materials science, which focus on the assembly of two or more different homogeneous or heterogeneous MOFs with various structures and morphologies. Compared with one single MOF, the dual MOF-on-MOF composites exhibit unprecedented tunability, hierarchical nanostructure, synergistic effect, and enhanced performance. Due to the difference of inorganic metals and organic ligands, the lattice parameters in a, b, and c directions in the single crystal cells could bring about subtle or large structural difference. It will result in the composite material with distinct growth methods to obtain secondary MOF grown from the initial MOF. In this review, the authors wish to mainly outline the latest synthetic strategies of heterostructured MOF-on-MOFs and their derivatives, including ordered epitaxial growth, random epitaxial growth, etc., which show the tutorial guidelines for the further development of various MOF-on-MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chai
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Junqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jinjie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Zhou W, Liu G, Yang B, Ji Q, Xiang W, He H, Xu Z, Qi C, Li S, Yang S, Xu C. Review on application of perylene diimide (PDI)-based materials in environment: Pollutant detection and degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146483. [PMID: 33773344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environment pollution is getting serious and various poisonous contaminants with chemical durability, biotoxicity and bioaccumulation have been widespreadly discovered in municipal wastewaters and surface water. The detection and removal of pollutants show great significance for the protection of human health and other organisms. Due to its distinctive physical and chemical properties, perylene diimide (PDI) has received widespread attention from different research fields, especially in the area of environment. In this review, a comprehensive summary of the development of PDI-based materials in fluorescence detection and advanced oxidation technology for environment was introduced. Firstly, we chiefly presented the recent progress about the synthesis of PDI and PDI-based nanomaterials. Then, their application in fluorescence detection for environment was presented and categorized, principally including the detection of heavy metal ions, harmful anions and organic contaminants in the environment. In addition, the application of PDI and PDI-based materials in different advanced oxidation technologies for environment, such as photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, Fenton and Fenton-like reaction and persulfate activation, was also summarized. At last, the challenges and future prospects of PDI-based materials in environmental applications were discussed. This review focuses on presenting the practical applications of PDI and PDI-based materials as fluorescent probes or catalysts (especially photocatalysts) in the detection of hazardous substances or catalytic elimination of organic contaminants. The contents are aimed at supplying the researchers with a deeper understanding of PDI and PDI-based materials and encouraging their further development in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qiuyi Ji
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Weiming Xiang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chengdu Qi
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Chenmin Xu
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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7
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Redox-active ligands: Recent advances towards their incorporation into coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Haldar R, Heinke L, Wöll C. Advanced Photoresponsive Materials Using the Metal-Organic Framework Approach. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905227. [PMID: 31763731 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
When fabricating macroscopic devices exploiting the properties of organic chromophores, the corresponding molecules need to be condensed into a solid material. Since optical absorption properties are often strongly affected by interchromophore interactions, solids with a well-defined structure carry substantial advantages over amorphous materials. Here, the metal-organic framework (MOF)-based approach is presented. By appropriate functionalization, most organic chromophores can be converted to function as linkers, which can coordinate to metal or metal-oxo centers so as to yield stable, crystalline frameworks. Photoexcitations in such chromophore-based MOFs are surveyed, with a special emphasis on light-switchable MOFs from photochromic molecules. The conventional powder form of MOFs obtained using solvothermal approaches carries certain disadvantages for optical applications, such as limited efficiency resulting from absorption and light scattering caused by the (micrometer-sized) powder particles. How these problems can be avoided by using MOF thin films is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Haldar
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lars Heinke
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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10
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11
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Chu C, Su M, Zhu J, Li D, Cheng H, Chen X, Liu G. Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticle-Based Biomineralization: A New Strategy toward Cancer Treatment. Theranostics 2019; 9:3134-3149. [PMID: 31244946 PMCID: PMC6567975 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment using functional proteins, DNA/RNA, or complex bio-entities is important in both preclinical and clinical studies. With the help of nano-delivery systems, these biomacromolecules can enrich cancer tissues to match the clinical requirements. Biomineralization via a self-assembly process has been widely applied to provide biomacromolecules exoskeletal-like protection for immune shielding and preservation of bioactivity. Advanced metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOFs) are excellent supporting matrices due to the low toxicity of polycarboxylic acids and metals, high encapsulation efficiency, and moderate synthetic conditions. In this review, we study MOFs-based biomineralization for cancer treatment and summarize the unique properties of MOF hybrids. We also evaluate the outlook of potential cancer treatment applications for MOFs-based biomineralization. This strategy likely opens new research orientations for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Min Su
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health Xiamen, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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12
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Huang L, Kakadiaris E, Vaneckova T, Huang K, Vaculovicova M, Han G. Designing next generation of photon upconversion: Recent advances in organic triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2019; 201:77-86. [PMID: 30802685 PMCID: PMC6467534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Organic triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) nanoparticles have emerged as exciting therapeutic agents and imaging probes in recent years due to their unique chemical and optical properties such as outstanding biocompatibility and low power excitation density. In this review, we focus on the latest breakthroughs in such new version of upconversion nanoparticle, including their design, preparation, and applications. First, we will discuss the key principles and design concept of these organic-based photon upconversion in regard to the methods of selection of the related triplet TTA dye pairs (photosensitizer and emitter). Then, we will discuss the recent approaches s to construct TTA-UCNPs including silica TTA-UCNPs, lipid-coated TTA-UCNPs, polymer encapsulated TTA-UCNPs, nano-droplet TTA-UCNPs and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed TTA-UCNPs. In addition, the applications of TTA-UCNPs will be discussed. Finally, we will discuss the challenges posed by current TTA-UCNP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States
| | - Eugenia Kakadiaris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States
| | - Tereza Vaneckova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States.
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Gordillo MA, Panda DK, Saha S. Efficient MOF-Sensitized Solar Cells Featuring Solvothermally Grown [100]-Oriented Pillared Porphyrin Framework-11 Films on ZnO/FTO Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3196-3206. [PMID: 30584839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their abilities to assemble and organize a large number of redox and photoactive components in highly ordered periodic fashion, crystalline porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have the potential to execute myriad complex functions, including charge transport and light to electrical energy conversion when the required conditions are fulfilled. Herein, we demonstrate an unprecedented spontaneous solvothermal growth of precisely [100]-oriented pillared porphyrin framework-11 (PPF-11) films featuring vertically aligned Zn-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTCPP) walls and horizontally aligned 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridine beams attached to annealed ZnO-fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surfaces and their remarkable photovoltaic performance in liquid-junction solar cells. The [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO-FTO photoanodes displayed excellent photovoltaic response (short-circuit current ( JSC): 4.65 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage ( VOC): 470 mV, power conversion efficiency: 0.86%) that easily outperformed all control devices as well as previously reported porphyrin and Ru(bpy)32+-based visible light-harvesting MOFs with 10-1000 times greater photocurrent density and 2-375 times higher efficiency. The superior photovoltaic behavior of [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO films compared to epitaxially grown MOF thin films on insulating self-assembled monolayers and drop-cast PPF films with different orientations can be attributed to several factors, including better charge separation, transport, and injection capabilities of the former. The noncatenated PPF-11 was able to host electron-deficient C60 guests, filling in nearly half of its cavities and engage them in ZnTCPP/C60 charge-transfer interaction. However, the C60-doped PPF-11/ZnO films displayed much weaker photovoltaic response than undoped [100]-oriented PPF-11/ZnO films presumably due to exclusion of I-/I3- electrolyte from the C60-occupied cavities and the inability of isolated C60 guests to support long-range charge movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Gordillo
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Dillip K Panda
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Sourav Saha
- Department of Chemistry , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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15
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Anisotropic energy transfer in crystalline chromophore assemblies. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4332. [PMID: 30337528 PMCID: PMC6193941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An ideal material for photon harvesting must allow control of the exciton diffusion length and directionality. This is necessary in order to guide excitons to a reaction center, where their energy can drive a desired process. To reach this goal both of the following are required; short- and long-range structural order in the material and a detailed understanding of the excitonic transport. Here we present a strategy to realize crystalline chromophore assemblies with bespoke architecture. We demonstrate this approach by assembling anthracene dibenzoic acid chromophore into a highly anisotropic, crystalline structure using a layer-by-layer process. We observe two different types of photoexcited states; one monomer-related, the other excimer-related. By incorporating energy-accepting chromophores in this crystalline assembly at different positions, we demonstrate the highly anisotropic motion of the excimer-related state along the [010] direction of the chromophore assembly. In contrast, this anisotropic effect is inefficient for the monomer-related excited state. Exciton diffusion length and directionality are important parameters in artificial photosynthetic devices. Here, the authors present a way to make crystalline chromophore assemblies with bespoke architecture, fabricating one exhibiting anisotropic exciton transport properties.
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Goswami S, Chen M, Wasielewski MR, Farha OK, Hupp JT. Boosting Transport Distances for Molecular Excitons within Photoexcited Metal-Organic Framework Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34409-34417. [PMID: 30207679 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the fabrication of porphyrin-containing metal-organic framework thin films with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) pillaring linkers and investigate exciton transport within the films. Steady-state emission spectroscopy indicates that the exciton can traverse up to 26 porphyrin layers when DABCO is used as a pillaring linker, whereas on average only 9-11 layers can be traversed when either 4,4'-bipyridine (a pillaring linker) or pyridine (a nonpillaring, layer-interdigitating ligand) is used. These results can be understood by taking into account the decreased separation distances between transition dipoles associated with chromophores (porphyrins) sited in adjacent layers. Shorter distances translate into faster Förster-type exciton hopping and, therefore, more hops within the few nanosecond lifetime of the porphyrin's singlet excited-state. The findings have favorable implications for the development of MOF-based photoelectrodes and photoelectrochemical energy-conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Goswami
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Michelle Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
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17
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Gong T, Li P, Sui Q, Zhou LJ, Yang NN, Gao EQ. Switchable Ferro-, Ferri-, and Antiferromagnetic States in a Piezo- and Hydrochromic Metal–Organic Framework. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6791-6794. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Peng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qi Sui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Li-Jiao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ning-Ning Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - En-Qing Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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18
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Oldenburg M, Turshatov A, Busko D, Jakoby M, Haldar R, Chen K, Emandi G, Senge MO, Wöll C, Hodgkiss JM, Richards BS, Howard IA. Enhancing the photoluminescence of surface anchored metal-organic frameworks: mixed linkers and efficient acceptors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11564-11576. [PMID: 29340392 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08452h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present two approaches to enhance the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs). In the first approach we fabricate SURMOFs from a mix of an emissive linker with an optically-inert linker of equivalent length, diluting the emissive linker while maintaining the SURMOF structure. This approach enhances the internal PLQY. However, the increase in internal PLQY is achieved at the expense of a drastic reduction in optical absorption, thus the external PLQY remains low. To overcome this limitation, a second approach is explored wherein energy-accepting guest chromophores are infiltrated into the framework of the active linker. At the correct acceptor concentration, an internal PLQY of 52% - three times higher than the previous approach - is achieved. Additionally, the absorption remains strong leading to an external PLQY of 8%, an order of magnitude better than the previous approach. Using this strategy, we demonstrate that SURMOFs can achieve PLQYs similar to their precursor chromophores in solution. This is of relevance to SURMOFs as emitter layers in general, and we examine the optimized emitter layer as part of a photon upconversion (UC) SURMOF heterostructure. Surprisingly, the same PLQY is not observed after triplet-triplet annihilation in the UC heterostructure as after its normal photoexcitation (although the UC layers exhibit low thresholds consistent with those reported in our previous work). We discuss the potential bottlenecks in energy transport that could lead to this unexpected reduction in PLQY after excitation via triplet-triplet annihilation, and how future design of SURMOF UC multilayers could overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oldenburg
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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19
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Haldar R, Mazel A, Joseph R, Adams M, Howard IA, Richards BS, Tsotsalas M, Redel E, Diring S, Odobel F, Wöll C. Excitonically Coupled States in Crystalline Coordination Networks. Chemistry 2017; 23:14316-14322. [PMID: 28815774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
When chromophores are brought into close proximity, noncovalent interactions (π-π/CH-π) can lead to the formation of excitonically coupled states, which bestow new photophysical properties upon the aggregates. Because the properties of the new states not only depend on the strength of intermolecular interactions, but also on the relative orientation, supramolecular assemblies, where these parameters can be varied in a deliberate fashion, provide novel possibilities for the control of photophysical properties. This work reports that core-substituted naphthalene diimides (cNDIs) can be incorporated into surface-mounted metal- organic structures/frameworks (SURMOFs) to yield optical properties strikingly different from conventional aggregates of such molecules, for example, formed in solution or by crystallization. Organic linkers are used, based on cNDIs, well-known organic chromophores with numerous applications in different optoelectronic devices, to fabricate MOF thin films on transparent substrates. A thorough characterization of the properties of these highly ordered chromophoric assemblies reveals the presence of non-emissive excited states in the crystalline material. Structural modulations provide further insights into the nature of the coupling that gives rise to an excited-state energy level in the periodic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Haldar
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Antoine Mazel
- Universite Lunam, Universite de Nantes, CNRS, Chimie et Interdisciplinarite: Synthese, Analyse, Modelization (CEISAM), UMR 6230, 2 rue de la Houssiniere, 44322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Reetu Joseph
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Adams
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ian A Howard
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Light Technology Institute (LTI), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bryce S Richards
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Light Technology Institute (LTI), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Engelbert Redel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stéphane Diring
- Universite Lunam, Universite de Nantes, CNRS, Chimie et Interdisciplinarite: Synthese, Analyse, Modelization (CEISAM), UMR 6230, 2 rue de la Houssiniere, 44322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Universite Lunam, Universite de Nantes, CNRS, Chimie et Interdisciplinarite: Synthese, Analyse, Modelization (CEISAM), UMR 6230, 2 rue de la Houssiniere, 44322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Christof Wöll
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz-1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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20
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Shokri S, Li J, Manna MK, Wiederrecht GP, Gosztola DJ, Ugrinov A, Jockusch S, Rogachev AY, Ayitou AJL. A Naphtho-p-quinodimethane Exhibiting Baird’s (Anti)Aromaticity, Broken Symmetry, and Attractive Photoluminescence. J Org Chem 2017; 82:10167-10173. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Shokri
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Manoj K. Manna
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Gary P. Wiederrecht
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - David J. Gosztola
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58106, United States
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, United States
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - A. Jean-Luc Ayitou
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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21
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Cao L, Lin Z, Shi W, Wang Z, Zhang C, Hu X, Wang C, Lin W. Exciton Migration and Amplified Quenching on Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Layers. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7020-7029. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Cao
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zekai Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cankun Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xuefu Hu
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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22
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Bkhach S, Alévêque O, Morille Y, Breton T, Hudhomme P, Gautier C, Levillain E. Absorption Spectroelectrochemistry on Mixed Perylenediimide-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers: Non-Linear Dependence of Absorbance versus Surface Coverage. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sihame Bkhach
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Olivier Alévêque
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Yohann Morille
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Tony Breton
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Piétrick Hudhomme
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Christelle Gautier
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Eric Levillain
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; Université d'Angers/CNRS UMR 6200; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
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23
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Liu J, Wöll C. Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films: fabrication methods, applications, and challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:5730-5770. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00315c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Surface-supported metal–organic framework thin films are receiving increasing attention as a novel form of nanotechnology, which hold great promise for photovoltaics, electronic devices, CO2 reduction, energy storage, water splitting and membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis
- Dalian University of Technology
- 116024 Dalian
- China
| | - Christof Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
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