1
|
Bao H, Liu Y, Li H, Qi W, Sun K. Luminescence of carbon quantum dots and their application in biochemistry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20317. [PMID: 37790961 PMCID: PMC10543222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene, carbon dots (CDs) are causing a lot of research work in their own right. CDs are a type of surface-passivated quantum dot that contain carbon atoms. Their distinctive characteristics, such as luminescent emission that varies with size and wavelength, resistance to photobleaching, easy biological binding, lack of toxicity, and economical production without the need for intricate synthetic processes, have led to a noteworthy surge in attention within the research community. Different techniques can be utilized to create these CDs, spanning from basic candle burning to laser ablation. This review article delves into the principles of fluorescence technology, providing insights into how different synthesis methods of quantum dots impact their luminescent properties. Additionally, it highlights the latest applications of quantum dots in catalysis and biomedical fields, with special emphasis on the current status of luminescent properties in biology and chemistry. Towards the end, the article discusses the limitations of quantum dots in current practical applications, pointing out that CDs hold promising potential for future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haili Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - He Li
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Q, Serda M, Li Q, Sun T. Recent Advancements on Self-Immolative System Based on Dynamic Covalent Bonds for Delivering Heterogeneous Payloads. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300138. [PMID: 36943096 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The precisely spatial-temporal delivery of heterogeneous payloads from a single system with the same pulse is in great demand in realizing versatile and synergistic functions. Very few molecular architectures can satisfy the strict requirements of dual-release translated from single triggers, while the self-immolative systems based on dynamic covalent bonds represent the "state-of-art" of ultimate solution strategy. Embedding heterogeneous payloads symmetrically onto the self-immolative backbone with dynamic covalent bonds as the trigger, can respond to the quasi-bio-orthogonal hallmarks which are higher at the disease's microenvironment to simultaneously yield the heterogeneous payloads (drug A/drug B or drug/reporter). In this review, the modular design principles are concentrated to illustrate the rules in tailoring useful structures, then the rational applications are enumerated on the aspects of drug codelivery and visualized drug-delivery. This review, hopefully, can give the general readers a comprehensive understanding of the self-immolative systems based on dynamic covalent bonds for delivering heterogeneous payloads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Maciej Serda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, 40-006, Poland
| | - Quan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Boyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, 368 Youyidadao Avenue, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kulkarni B, Qutub S, Khashab NM, Hadjichristidis N. Rhodamine B-Conjugated Fluorescent Block Copolymer Micelles for Efficient Chlorambucil Delivery and Intracellular Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22698-22707. [PMID: 37396240 PMCID: PMC10308396 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The clinical development of the anticancer drug chlorambucil (CHL) is limited by its low solubility in water, poor bioavailability, and off-target toxicity. Besides, another constraint for monitoring intracellular drug delivery is the non-fluorescent nature of CHL. Nanocarriers based on block copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG/PEO) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) are an elegant choice for drug delivery applications due to their high biocompatibility and inherent biodegradability properties. Here, we have designed and prepared block copolymer micelles (BCM) containing CHL (BCM-CHL) from a block copolymer having fluorescent probe rhodamine B (RhB) end-groups to achieve efficient drug delivery and intracellular imaging. For this purpose, the previously reported tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-containing poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) [TPE-(PEO-b-PCL)2] triblock copolymer was conjugated with RhB by a feasible and effective post-polymerization modification method. In addition, the block copolymer was obtained by a facile and efficient synthetic strategy of one-pot block copolymerization. The amphiphilicity of the resulting block copolymer TPE-(PEO-b-PCL-RhB)2 led to the spontaneous formation of micelles (BCM) in aqueous media and successful encapsulation of the hydrophobic anticancer drug CHL (CHL-BCM). Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy analyses of BCM and CHL-BCM revealed a favorable size (10-100 nm) for passive targeting of tumor tissues via the enhanced permeability and retention effect. The fluorescence emission spectrum (λex 315 nm) of BCM demonstrated Förster resonance energy transfer between TPE aggregates (donor) and RhB (acceptor). On the other hand, CHL-BCM revealed TPE monomer emission, which may be attributed to the π-π stacking interaction between TPE and CHL molecules. The in vitro drug release profile showed that CHL-BCM exhibits drug release in a sustained manner over 48 h. A cytotoxicity study proved the biocompatibility of BCM, while CHL-BCM revealed significant toxicity to cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. The inherent fluorescence of RhB in the block copolymer offered an opportunity to directly monitor the cellular uptake of the micelles by confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging. These results demonstrate the potential of these block copolymers as drug nanocarriers and as bioimaging probes for theranostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Kulkarni
- Polymer
Synthesis Laboratory, Chemistry Program, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Somayah Qutub
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Chemistry Program, Advanced Membranes
and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Chemistry Program, Advanced Membranes
and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Polymer
Synthesis Laboratory, Chemistry Program, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhattacharya K, Kundu M, Das S, Samanta S, Roy SS, Mandal M, Singha NK. Glycopolymer Decorated pH-Dependent Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for the Detection of Cancer Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200594. [PMID: 36302094 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Development of fluorescent imaging probes is an important topic of research for the early diagnosis of cancer. Based on the difference between the cellular environment of tumor cells and normal cells, several "smart" fluorescent probes have been developed. In this work, a glycopolymer functionalized Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based fluorescent sensor is developed, which can monitor the pH change in cellular system. One-pot sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)polymerization technique is employed to synthesize fluorescent active triblock glycopolymer that can undergo FRET change on the variation of pH. A FRET pair, fluorescein o-acrylate (FA) and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) is linked via a pH-responsive polymer poly [2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDPAEMA), which can undergo reversible swelling/deswelling under acidic/neutral condition. The presence of glycopolymer segment provides stability, water solubility, and specificity toward cancer cells. The cellular FRET experiments on cancer cells (MDA MB 231) and normal cells (3T3 fibroblast cells) demonstrate that the material is capable of distinguishing cells as a function of pH change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Bhattacharya
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Moumita Kundu
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Sarthik Samanta
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Sib Sankar Roy
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Nikhil K Singha
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.,School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Utilizing inner filter effect in resonance Rayleigh scattering technique: a case study with silver nanocubes as RRS probe and several analytes as absorbers. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 190:37. [PMID: 36571644 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It was demonstrated that the mechanism of the inner filter effect (IFE) can emerge well in the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) technique and be utilized as a new analytical method in the design of innovative IFE-based sensors. To prove this process, silver nanocubes (Ag NCs) with tunable extinction spectra were selected as RRS probes, and three analytes, doxorubicin (DOX), sunitinib (SUN), and Alizarin Red S (ARS), were considered as the typical absorbers. In addition, in the presence of SUN as a typical analyte, the quenching of the RRS signal of Ag NCs, with λmax of 419 nm, was linear in the range 0.01 to 2.5 µM of SUN. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.0025 µM. The introduced method was then used to develop a dual-signal assay for the ratiometric determination of Al3+ ions. The suggested dual-signal assay was based on the color changes of ARS caused by Al3+ and the IFE between ARS and Ag NCs. The obtained results showed that the two characteristics of response sensitivity and linear dynamic range are very satisfactory for sensing Al3+ ions. The findings of this study demonstrate that the newly developed IFE mechanism can be employed as an attractive and highly efficient analytical technique for measuring different analytes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiu Z, Zhang D, Wang J. Direct Z-Scheme Photocatalytic System: Ag2CO3/g-C3N4 Organic–Inorganic Hybrid with Superior Activity through Built-in Electric Field Transfer Mechanism. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024421060273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Fluorescent Submicron-Sized Poly(heptafluoro- n-butyl methacrylate) Particles with Long-Term Stability. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092013. [PMID: 32344920 PMCID: PMC7249074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent submicron particles of fluorinated methacrylate (HFMBA) with long-term stability have been synthesized and characterized with regard to their potential applications. Rhodamine B (RBITC) isothiocyanate was used as the fluorescent component. The core–shell structure of the particles effectively protected the dye against bleaching. HFBMA nanoparticle (NP) stability was confirmed after seven years of storage. Only slight differences were found in the polydispersity index (pdi) from 0.002 to 0.010. Particle size measurements were carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking (NTA), and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The hydrodynamic diameter evaluated by different methods were in good agreement, respectively: 184–550 nm, 218–579 nm, and 236–508 nm. Particle and core morphology was estimated by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The ability to recognize particles in 3D as a reference sample in biological media has been confirmed by epifluorescence optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and super-resolution confocal microscopy (STED).
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu S, Tan X, Liu K, Lei J, Wang L, Zhang J. TiO2 (B) nanotubes with ultrathin shell for highly efficient photocatalytic fixation of nitrogen. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
9
|
Shamsipur M, Barati A, Nematifar Z. Fluorescent pH nanosensors: Design strategies and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
10
|
Sun T, Zhang G, Wang Q, Guo Z, Chen Q, Chen X, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Guo Q, Gao X, Cheng Y, Jiang C. Pre-blocked molecular shuttle as an in-situ real-time theranostics. Biomaterials 2019; 204:46-58. [PMID: 30878796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Real-time monitor of drug-release from drug formulations in a noninvasive way can provide spatio-temporal information for drug activation and guide further clinical rational administration. In this work, a molecular shuttle, as a typical nanosized artificial molecular machine, was managed to act as a conceptually-new nanotheranostics for oxaliplatin. A post-recognition strategy was utilized, where a default supramolecular-dye couple was pre-blocked. The rational design, synthesis, characterization and proof-of-concept of this strategy were described in detail. The drug-release upon reducing environment can be translated into near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence signal (OFF-to-ON), allowing to track the drug-release procedure by multi-modal images including IVIS, FLECT and photoacoustic imaging. The versatile nanotheranostics system can target to triple negative breast tumor via conjugated F3 peptide, and show an improved anti-tumor efficacy with much lower side effect. The intelligent nanotheranostics system based on molecular shuttle provides new reference for precision medicine in preclinical trial and postclinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics & Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, Shandong Normal University, 1 University Road, Jinan, 250358, PR China
| | - Qingbing Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Qinjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Xinli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Qin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 24 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 24 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carbon-dot-encapsulated molecularly imprinted mesoporous organosilica for fluorescent sensing of rhodamine 6G. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
12
|
Xu JX, Vithanage BCN, Athukorale SA, Zhang D. Scattering and absorption differ drastically in their inner filter effects on fluorescence, resonance synchronous, and polarized resonance synchronous spectroscopic measurements. Analyst 2018; 143:3382-3389. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00790j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the finding that photon scattering and absorption differ drastically in inducing the sample IFE in SSF, RS2, and the PRS2 spectra measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Xiuzhu Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
| | | | | | - Dongmao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin W, Zhang W, Sun T, Liu S, Zhu Y, Xie Z. Rational Design of Polymeric Nanoparticles with Tailorable Biomedical Functions for Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29612-29622. [PMID: 28812347 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) play a key role in nanoscale formulations for bioimaging, cancer treatment, and theranostics. In this work, we designed and synthesized a series of hydrophobic polymers (P1-6) with different pendent groups via one-step multicomponent Passerini reaction. These polymers possessed similar molecular structures and various biomedical functions. Interestingly, they could self-assemble into stable NPs in aqueous media. All formed NPs were redox sensitive because of the existence of disulfide bonds in the backbone. The stability of NPs in aqueous media with or without glutathione was systematically evaluated and compared. The optical performance, including fluorescence resonance energy transfer, was characterized under different conditions for those polymers with fluorescent components. Importantly, all formed NPs showed good cytocompatibility toward HeLa cells and different biological functions, including drug loading and delivery, bioimaging with variable fluorescence, and photodynamic activity, as evidenced by experiments in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate the great potential of multicomponent reaction to customize versatile polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University , 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Siriwardana K, Vithanage BCN, Zou S, Zhang D. Quantification of the Depolarization and Anisotropy of Fluorophore Stokes-Shifted Fluorescence, On-Resonance Fluorescence, and Rayleigh Scattering. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6686-6694. [PMID: 28503920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorophores are important but optically complicated photonic materials as they are simultaneous photon absorbers, emitters, and scatterers. Existing studies on fluorophore optical properties have been focused almost exclusively on its photon absorption and Stokes-shifted fluorescence (SSF) with scant information on the fluorophore photon scattering and on-resonance fluorescence (ORF). Presented herein is a unified theoretical framework and experimental approach for quantification of the fluorophore SSF, ORF, and scattering depolarization and anisotropy using a combination of fluorophore UV-vis, fluorescence emission, and resonance synchronous spectroscopic spectral measurements. A mathematical model for calculating fluorophore ORF and scattering cross sections has been developed that uses polystyrene nanoparticles as the external reference. The fluorophore scattering cross section is ∼10-fold smaller than its ORF counterparts for all the six model fluorophores, but more than 6 orders of magnitude larger than the water scattering cross section. Another finding is that the fluorophore ORF has a depolarization close to 1, while its Rayleigh scattering has zero depolarization. This enables the experimental separation of the fluorophore ORF and photon scattering features in the fluorophore resonance synchronous spectra. In addition to opening a new avenue for material characterization, the methods and insights derived from this study should be important for developing new analytical methods that exploit the fluorophore ORF and photon scattering properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumudu Siriwardana
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Buddhini C N Vithanage
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Shengli Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Dongmao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University , Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang J, Wu F, Yu Y, Huang H, Zhang S, You J. Lipoic acid based core cross-linked micelles for multivalent platforms: design, synthesis and application in bio-imaging and drug delivery. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4798-4802. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00927e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural lipoic acid derived small-molecule amphiphiles self-assemble into micelles in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Haolong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
| | - Jingsong You
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Siriwardana K, Nettles CB, Vithanage BC, Zhou Y, Zou S, Zhang D. On-Resonance Fluorescence, Resonance Rayleigh Scattering, and Ratiometric Resonance Synchronous Spectroscopy of Molecular- and Quantum Dot-Fluorophores. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9199-206. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumudu Siriwardana
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles B. Nettles
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Buddhini C.N. Vithanage
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Yadong Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Shengli Zou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Dongmao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| |
Collapse
|