1
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Rajagopal S, Thangudu S, Feng JY, Sriram P, Yen TJ, Hwang KC. Hotspots in action: near-infrared light mediated photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution on high index faceted plasmonic gold nanoarchitectures. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11323-11334. [PMID: 35894176 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced electrochemical water splitting is a fascinating approach to overcome the present energy demands as well as environmental issues. To this end, near-infrared (NIR) photocatalysts stand out as promising candidates (where 53% of the solar light is NIR light) to solve the present energy crisis but the lack of NIR-activated photocatalysts has remained a great challenge for decades. Herein, for the first time, we report the synthesis of high-index faceted plasmonic Au nano-branched 12 tip nanostars, which can absorb the whole spectral region of electromagnetic radiation (UV-vis-NIR), for efficient water splitting. Moreover, the plasmonic hot spots on the Au 12 tip nanostars significantly promote the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under NIR light (915 nm) with long-term stability. Remarkably, the Au 12 tip nanostars exhibit 250-fold enhancement of activity under 915 nm laser irradiation and 6.5-fold enhancement of activity under 532 nm laser irradiation, as compared to the Au NPs. Furthermore, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) study confirmed that the significant photoelectrochemical (PEC) enhancement in the NIR light region could be attributed to the hot-electron injection/plasmonic hot spot mechanism upon localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) excitation. Overall, we anticipate that the present work would help to develop new NIR photoelectrocatalysts for meeting future energy demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevan Rajagopal
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Suresh Thangudu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - June-Yen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Pavithra Sriram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ta-Jen Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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2
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Ba J, Huang Z, Yang W. 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane-directed formation of Au popcorns for colorimetric and SERS dual detection of cysteine. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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In situ synthesis of MXene/Ag nanocomposites based flexible SERS substrates on PDMS for detection on fruit surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Kaur P, Rajput JK, Singh K, Khullar P, Bakshi MS. Ag and Au Nanoparticles as Color Indicators for Monomer/Micelle-Nanoparticle Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7802-7814. [PMID: 35710100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ag and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were used as color indicators to determine the monomer/micelle adsorption on the NP surface. A simple methodology based on the color change of Ag/Au NPs upon interacting with surface-active molecules was developed. A contrasting color change occurred when NPs interact with the monomer/micelle. This was demonstrated by monitoring the adsorption behavior of a series of Gemini surfactants. UV-visible measurements showed a large change in the intensity and wavelength of Ag/Au NP absorbance upon the surface adsorption of the monomer/micelle of Gemini surfactants. The mechanism of surface adsorption and molecular orientation on the solid-liquid interface of NPs was determined by performing the FT-IR and XPS measurements. Results demonstrated that sharp color changes from yellow to red for Ag NPs and red to purple for Au NPs happened when the Gemini surfactant monomer/micelle adsorbs on the NP surface. This colorimeter-based methodology highlighted the applicability of Ag/Au NPs in complex media where such NPs frequently encounter surface-active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311-7001, United States
- Department of Chemistry, B.B.K. D.A.V. College for Women, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, Punjab, India
| | - Kultar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Khalsa College, G. T. Road, Amritsar 143002, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Khullar
- Department of Chemistry, B.B.K. D.A.V. College for Women, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Mandeep Singh Bakshi
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311-7001, United States
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5
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Kalluru P, Shanmugam M, Vankayala R, Chiang C, Hwang KC. Conquering multidrug resistant lung cancer by upconversion
nanoparticles‐mediated
photodynamic therapy and gene silencing. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poliraju Kalluru
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Munusamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | - Chi‐Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C
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6
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Zhu J, Zhang S, Weng GJ, Li JJ, Zhao JW. Spiky yolk-shell AuAg bimetallic nanorods with uniform interior gap for the SERS detection of thiram residues in fruit juice. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 262:120108. [PMID: 34198118 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By using gold nanorods with silver coating as the sacrificial templates, we prepared spiky yolk-shell AuAg bimetallic nanorods with uniform interior gap via galvanic replacement reaction. The length and number of Au tips of the spiky yolk-shell AuAg nanorods can be tuned simultaneously by altering HAuCl4 volume. The influence of HAuCl4 volume and the sliver layer thickness on the SERS activity of spiky yolk-shell AuAg nanorods are studied. When the sliver layer is thin, the interior gap has not been shielded completely and the outer shell has obvious tips, thus the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity has the strongest enhancement with an enhancement factor (EF) of 4.9 × 105. The spiky yolk-shell AuAg nanorods with the strongest SERS activity are used as SERS substrates to detect thiram. The results demonstrate that the SERS intensity increases linearly with the logarithmic concentration of thiram in the range of 10-3 M to 10-7 M. The detection limit is as low as 97 nM, which is lower than the maximum pesticide residue limit (29 µM) in fruits stipulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Therefore, the spiky yolk-shell AuAg bimetallic nanorods have important practical application value in pesticide detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guo-Jun Weng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jun-Wu Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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7
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Ba J, Han Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Hui S, Huang Z, Yang W. Au Nanoflowers for Catalyzing and In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Monitoring of the Dimerization of p-Aminothiophenol. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25720-25728. [PMID: 34632228 PMCID: PMC8495860 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated a facile approach for fabrication of Au nanoflowers (Au NFs) using an amino-containing organosilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), as a shape-directing agent. In this approach, the morphology of the Au particles evolved from sphere-like to flower-like with increasing the concentration of APTES, accompanied by a red shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance peak from 520 to 685 nm. It was identified that the addition of APTES is profitable to direct the preferential growth of the (111) plane of face-centered cubic gold and promote the formation of anisotropic Au NFs. The as-prepared Au NFs, with APTES on their surface, presented effective catalytic and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performances, as evidenced by their applications in catalyzing the dimerization of p-aminothiophenol and monitoring the reaction process via in situ SERS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Ba
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yandong Han
- Institute
of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shuhan Hui
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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8
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Imura Y, Maniwa M, Iida K, Saito H, Morita-Imura C, Kawai T. Preparing Alumina-Supported Gold Nanowires for Alcohol Oxidation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:16043-16048. [PMID: 34179649 PMCID: PMC8223421 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of shape-controlled noble metal nanocrystals such as nanowires (NWs) is progressing steadily owing to their potentially novel catalytic properties and the ease with which they can be prepared by reducing the metal ions in a particular solution as capping agents. Recently, many reports have been presented on the preparation of shape-controlled Au nanocrystals, such as nanostars and nanoflowers, by a one-pot method using 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) as capping and reducing agents. The catalytic activity is depressed due to the adsorption of the capping agent onto a Au surface. Since HEPES has low binding affinities on the Au surface, shape-controlled nanocrystals obtained using HEPES are effective for application as nanocatalysts because HEPES was easily removed from the Au surface. In this study, we report the preparation of AuNWs, with an average diameter of 7.7 nm and lengths of a few hundred nanometers, in an aqueous solution containing HEPES and sodium borohydride. A γ-Al2O3-supported AuNW (AuNW/γ-Al2O3) catalyst was obtained using catalytic supporters and a water extraction method that removed HEPES from the Au surface without morphological changes. AuNW/γ-Al2O3 was then utilized to catalyze the oxidation of 1-phenylethyl alcohol to acetophenone. The formation rate of acetophenone over AuNW/γ-Al2O3 was 3.2 times that over γ-Al2O3-supported spherical Au nanoparticles (AuNP/γ-Al2O3) with almost the same diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Imura
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Motoki Maniwa
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iida
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Haruna Saito
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Clara Morita-Imura
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu
University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawai
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University
of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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9
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Imura Y, Fukuda K, Saito H, Maniwa M, Kurihara Y, Morita-Imura C, Kawai T. Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Highly Stable Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods Supported on Alumina. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Imura
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Fukuda
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Haruna Saito
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Motoki Maniwa
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Clara Morita-Imura
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawai
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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10
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Gao J, Huang L, Zhang Z, Li G. Synthesis of sea urchin-shaped Au nanocrystals by double-strand diblock oligonucleotides for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and catalytic application. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:175501. [PMID: 33440360 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abdb61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is of great significance to construct specially designed gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) with precisely controllable size and morphology to achieve an excellent physicochemical performance. In this work, sea urchin-shaped AuNCs with tunable plasmonic property were successfully synthesized by the hybridized double-strand poly adenine (dsPolyA) DNA-directed self-assembly technique. Hybridized dsPolyA as the directing template had suitable rigidity and upright conformation, which benefited the controllable formation of these anisotropic multi-branched AuNCs with the assistance of surfactant. The effects of essential conditions influencing the synthesis and precise morphology control were investigated in detail. COMSOL simulation was used to evaluate their electromagnetic field distribution according to their morphologies, and the result suggested that sea urchin-shaped AuNCs had abundant 'hot spots' for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection due to their regular nanoprotuberance structure. Finally, sea urchin-shaped AuNCs with excellent SERS and catalytic performance were applied for the quantitative analysis of food colorant and catalytic degradation of potential pollutants. The SERS enhancement factor of sea urchin-shaped AuNCs was up to 5.27 × 106, and the catalytic degradation rate for 4-NP by these AuNCs was up to -0.13min-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Gao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Huang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yaraki MT, Tan YN. Metal Nanoparticles-Enhanced Biosensors: Synthesis, Design and Applications in Fluorescence Enhancement and Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3180-3208. [PMID: 32808471 PMCID: PMC7693192 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NP) that exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance play an important role in metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Among the optical biosensors, MEF and SERS stand out to be the most sensitive techniques to detect a wide range of analytes from ions, biomolecules to macromolecules and microorganisms. Particularly, anisotropic metal NPs with strongly enhanced electric field at their sharp corners/edges under a wide range of excitation wavelengths are highly suitable for developing the ultrasensitive plasmon-enhanced biosensors. In this review, we first highlight the reliable methods for the synthesis of anisotropic gold NPs and silver NPs in high yield, as well as their alloys and composites with good control of size and shape. It is followed by the discussion of different sensing mechanisms and recent advances in the MEF and SERS biosensor designs. This includes the review of surface functionalization, bioconjugation and (directed/self) assembly methods as well as the selection/screening of specific biorecognition elements such as aptamers or antibodies for the highly selective bio-detection. The right combinations of metal nanoparticles, biorecognition element and assay design will lead to the successful development of MEF and SERS biosensors targeting different analytes both in-vitro and in-vivo. Finally, the prospects and challenges of metal-enhanced biosensors for future nanomedicine in achieving ultrasensitive and fast medical diagnostics, high-throughput drug discovery as well as effective and reliable theranostic treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore117585Singapore
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture & EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE1 7RUUnited Kingdom
- Newcastle Research & Innovation Institute (NewRIIS)80 Jurong East Street 21, #05-04 Devan Nair Institute for Employment & EmployabilitySingapore609607Singapore
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12
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Sobhani N, Dolat E, Darroudi M, Hashemzadeh A, Khoobi M, Salarabadi SS, Hoseini B, Sazgarnia A. Accompanying photocytotoxic activity of gold nanoechinus and zinc phthalocyanine on cancerous cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101929. [PMID: 32795508 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared triggered photodynamic therapy (NIR-PDT) has been introduced as a relatively deep tumor treatment modality. The gold Nanoechinus (Au NE) is a rare type of nanostructures that act as a transducer to change NIR wavelength to ultraviolet (UV) and visible lights. During the photodynamic process, Au nanoechinus (Au NE) converts the irradiation of 980 nm to 674 nm which is absorbed by Zn(II) Phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid (ZnPcS). In this study the cooperation effect of Au NE and ZnPcS in PDT on MCF7 and Hela cells was investigated. METHODS Cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of the composition having different concentrations of Au NE and ZnPcS upon irradiation of 980 nm NIR light were evaluated against MCF7 and Hela cells after two different incubation times and irradiating with two different power densities of laser. RESULTS Among different experimental groups, in MCF7 cells, which were incubated for 48 h with 50 μg/mL Au NE+2μM ZnPcS and were treated by 980 nm laser with a power density of 200 mW cm-2 for 15 and 30 min, 48 and 38% cell viability were recorded. No appreciable result was observed due to PDT of Hela cells. CONCLUSIONS Comparing to other PDT modalities against MCF7 cells, NIR-PDT procedure suggested in this study with the synergistic effect of Au NE and ZnPcS could be a secure promising modality in the treatment of deep-seated tumors. Carefully increasing the power density and ambient temperature, to the extent of skin tolerance threshold value, seems to be efficient in the treatment of Hela cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sobhani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Elham Dolat
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Hashemzadeh
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Biomaterial Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | | | - Benyamin Hoseini
- Department of Health Information Technology, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ameneh Sazgarnia
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Zhang CY, Zhao BC, Hao R, Wang Z, Hao YW, Zhao B, Liu YQ. Graphene oxide-highly anisotropic noble metal hybrid systems for intensified surface enhanced Raman scattering and direct capture and sensitive discrimination in PCBs monitoring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121510. [PMID: 31704120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO)-anisotropic noble metal hybrid systems were developed as highly sensitive and reproducible surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform, in which ultrathin GO was embedded between two metallic layers of flower-like Ag nanoparticles (AgNFs) and gold nanostars (AuNSts). Due to multi-dimensional plasmonic coupling effect, the well-designed AgNFs-GO-AuNSts sandwich structures possessed ultrahigh sensitivity with the detection limit of R6G as low as 1.0 × 10-13 M and high enhancement factor of 2.59 × 107. Additionally, the GO interlayer could function as protective shell to suppress the oxidation of bottom silver layer and efficiently position the target analytes within hot spots. These features endow the substrate with high stability and excellent reproducibility (Signal variations < 7%). Particularly, the GO sandwiched substrate can be explored for the direct capture and sensitive detection of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) without any organic modifier as molecule harvester. This minimum detected concentration was estimated as low as 3.4 × 10-6 M. The detection method based on GO mediated sandwich substrate avoids complicated surface modification manipulations and improves the substrate cleanness. Moreover, the resultant sandwich substrates can be used to recognize fingerprint peaks of different PCBs in their complex mixture, revealing great potential applications in SERS-based simultaneous detection of multiple pollutants with low affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Yun Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Bai-Chuan Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yao-Wu Hao
- The Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Ya-Qing Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
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14
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Langer J, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Aizpurua J, Alvarez-Puebla RA, Auguié B, Baumberg JJ, Bazan GC, Bell SEJ, Boisen A, Brolo AG, Choo J, Cialla-May D, Deckert V, Fabris L, Faulds K, García de Abajo FJ, Goodacre R, Graham D, Haes AJ, Haynes CL, Huck C, Itoh T, Käll M, Kneipp J, Kotov NA, Kuang H, Le Ru EC, Lee HK, Li JF, Ling XY, Maier SA, Mayerhöfer T, Moskovits M, Murakoshi K, Nam JM, Nie S, Ozaki Y, Pastoriza-Santos I, Perez-Juste J, Popp J, Pucci A, Reich S, Ren B, Schatz GC, Shegai T, Schlücker S, Tay LL, Thomas KG, Tian ZQ, Van Duyne RP, Vo-Dinh T, Wang Y, Willets KA, Xu C, Xu H, Xu Y, Yamamoto YS, Zhao B, Liz-Marzán LM. Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS NANO 2020; 14:28-117. [PMID: 31478375 PMCID: PMC6990571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1394] [Impact Index Per Article: 348.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | | | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center (CSIC-UPV/EHU), and Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Departamento
de Química Física e Inorgánica and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Baptiste Auguié
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department
of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Steven E. J. Bell
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, The Danish National Research Foundation
and Villum Foundation’s Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery
and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Laura Fabris
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers
University, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - F. Javier García de Abajo
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
- The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona) 08860, Spain
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Haes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian Huck
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-Bioanalysis
Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin-Adlershof 12489, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Eric C. Le Ru
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair in
Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Thomas Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Martin Moskovits
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido
University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo,
Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | | | - Jorge Perez-Juste
- Departamento
de Química Física and CINBIO, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Timur Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical
Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration
Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Li-Lin Tay
- National
Research Council Canada, Metrology Research
Centre, Ottawa K1A0R6, Canada
| | - K. George Thomas
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick
Institute for Photonics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern
University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Katherine A. Willets
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School
of Physics and Technology and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yikai Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key
Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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15
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Ly NH, Joo SW. Recent advances in cancer bioimaging using a rationally designed Raman reporter in combination with plasmonic gold. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:186-198. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanomaterials (AuNMs) have been widely implemented for the purpose of bioimaging of cancer and tumor cells in combination with Raman spectral markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry
- Soongsil University
- Seoul 06978
- Korea
- Department of Information Communication, Materials
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16
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Ma H, Liu Z, Wei Y, Jiang L. Controlled morphology evolution of branched Au nanostructures and their shape-dependent catalytic and photo-thermal properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Jiang R, Liu C, Tan LT, Lin C. Formation of carboxymethylchitosan/gemini surfactant adsorption layers at the air/water interface: Effects of association in the bulk. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2018.1462195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Li Ting Tan
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cuiying Lin
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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18
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Zhang X, Han Y, Xing Z, Huang Z, Xie R, Yang W. Bovine serum albumin assisted preparation of ultra-stable gold nanoflowers and their selective Raman response to charged dyes. RSC Adv 2019; 9:28228-28233. [PMID: 35530466 PMCID: PMC9071012 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated a facile, one-pot approach for preparation of gold nanoflowers by using tetrachloroauric acid as a gold precursor, ascorbic acid as a reductant, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a ligand. It was found that the morphology of the as-prepared gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) was dependent on the concentration of BSA introduced into the reaction solutions. It is identified that BSA directed the preferential growth along the 〈111〉 direction, which contributed to the anisotropic growth of Au NPs and thus the formation of Au nanoflowers. An increased concentration of BSA reduced the reactivity of the gold precursor, leading to the formation of Au nanoflowers with increased size, which could also be obtained by decreasing the amount of reductant added. The Au nanoflowers were ultra-stable in the presence of chloride ions under acidic pH, making them suitable for selective detection of oppositely charged dyes via surface-enhanced Raman scattering according to the isoelectric point (∼4.7) of BSA capped on their surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130022 China +86 431 85168868 +86 431 85168185
| | - Yandong Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zihao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130022 China +86 431 85168868 +86 431 85168185
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130022 China +86 431 85168868 +86 431 85168185
| | - Renguo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130022 China +86 431 85168868 +86 431 85168185
| | - Wensheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130022 China +86 431 85168868 +86 431 85168185
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19
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Yi M, Huang Z, Hao J. Magnetic Gemini Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9538-9545. [PMID: 31286776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A homologous series of Gemini surfactants, dimethylene-1,2-bis(alkyldimethyl-ammonium bromide) (referred to as n-2-n·2Br, n = 14, 16, and 18) and Fe- or lanthanide metal-based magnetic Gemini surfactants (abbreviated as n-2-n·2X, X = Fe, Ce, and Gd), were first synthesized. Measurements of surface tension and electrical conductivity determine the physical quantities related to the surface activities of n-2-n·2Br and n-2-n·2X, and the magnetic behaviors of n-2-n·2X are elucidated by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry have been used to investigate thermotropic liquid crystalline properties of all aforementioned surfactants, and the liquid crystal textures were further observed via polarizing optical microscopy. These results reveal that for magneto-responsive Gemini surfactants, both magnetic counterions and alkyl chain lengths have certain effect on surface activities, magnetism, and thermotropic phase behavior. We summed up these changes and discussed the causes, which could provide a new insight into controlling the properties of magnetic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Yi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials , Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials , Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials , Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100 , China
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20
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Imura Y, Akiyama R, Furukawa S, Kan R, Morita-Imura C, Komatsu T, Kawai T. Au-Ag Nanoflower Catalysts with Clean Surfaces for Alcohol Oxidation. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:547-552. [PMID: 30600927 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Shape-controlled metal nanocrystals, such as nanowires and nanoflowers, are attractive owing to their potentially novel catalytic properties and bimetallic nanocrystals composed of two distinct metals are expected to act as highly active catalysts. However, their catalytic activities are limited because of the capping agents adsorbed on the metal surfaces, which are necessary for the preparation and dispersion of these nanocrystals in solvents. Therefore, the preparation of bimetallic shape-controlled noble metal nanocrystals with clean surfaces, devoid of almost all capping agents, are expected to have high catalytic activity. Herein, we report the preparation of bimetallic Au-Ag nanoflowers using melamine as the capping agent. The bimetallic Au-Ag nanoflowers with a clean surface were subsequently obtained by a support and extraction method. The bimetallic nanoflowers with a clean surface were then used for the aerobic oxidation of 1-phenylethyl alcohol and they exhibited high rates for the formation of acetophenone compared to Au nanoflowers and spherical nanoparticles with almost the same size and Au/Ag ratio. We also show that Au-Ag nanoflowers containing only 1 % Ag (Au99 -Ag1 NFs) exhibit the highest rate of acetophenone formation among Au-Ag nanoflowers with different Au/Ag ratios owing to an increase in the electron density of the Au atoms that act as active sites for the oxidation of 1-phenylethyl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Imura
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-E1-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Ryota Akiyama
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N21, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ryota Kan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Clara Morita-Imura
- Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Takayuki Komatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-E1-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawai
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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21
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One-Pot Synthesis of Multi-Branch Gold Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their SERS Performance. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040113. [PMID: 30463357 PMCID: PMC6315941 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles with multiple branches have attracted intensive studies for their application in sensing of low trace molecules. A large number of the merits found on the gold nanoparticles for the above applications are attributed to the strong localized surface plasmon resonance excited by the incident radiation. However, a facile and flexible way of synthesizing the multi-branch gold nanoparticles with tunable localized surface plasmon resonance frequency is still a challenge for the plasmonic research field. Herein, we report an efficient one-pot synthesis of multi-branch gold nanoparticles method that resembles a seed-medicated approach while using no further chemicals except chloroauric acid, ascorbic acid and 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethanesulfonic acid. By controlling the amounts of ascorbic acid volumes in the reaction mixture, the morphology and the localized surface plasmon resonance frequency of the synthesized multi-branch gold nanoparticles can be manipulated conveniently. Moreover, using the 4-Mercaptobenzoic acid as the Raman reporter, the multi-branch gold nanoparticles show superior surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy characteristics that can be potentially used in chemical and biological sensing.
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22
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Gold-nanobranched-shell based drug vehicles with ultrahigh photothermal efficiency for chemo-photothermal therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 18:303-314. [PMID: 30326275 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of combined chemo-photothermal nanoplatform is of great interest for enhancing antitumor efficacy. Herein, a multifunctional drug delivery system was synthesized based on gold-nanobranched coated betulinic acid liposomes (GNBS-BA-Lips) for chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy. In this system, GNBS-BA-Lips exhibited broad near-infrared (NIR) absorption, preferable photothermal response and good photostability under NIR irradiation. Importantly, the gold-nanobranched nanostructure possessed high photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 55.7%), and the temperature change (ΔT) reached 43.2 °C after laser irradiation for 5 min. Upon NIR irradiation, the nanocarriers apparently endowed higher cell uptake, resulting in an enhanced intracellular drug accumulation. Furthermore, the tumor growth inhibition ratio achieved from chemo-photothermal therapy of GNBS-BA-Lips was 86.9 ± 1.1%, which was higher than that of the chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, showing an outstanding synergistic anticancer effect. Our data suggested that the nanoplatform should be considered as a critical platform in the development of cancer multi-mode therapies.
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23
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Ye S, Wheeler MC, McLaughlan JR, Tamang A, Diggle CP, Cespedes O, Markham AF, Coletta PL, Evans SD. Developing Hollow-Channel Gold Nanoflowers as Trimodal Intracellular Nanoprobes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082327. [PMID: 30096801 PMCID: PMC6121537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles-enabled intracellular surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides a sensitive and promising technique for single cell analysis. Compared with spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanoflowers, i.e., flower-shaped gold nanostructures, can produce a stronger SERS signal. Current exploration of gold nanoflowers for intracellular SERS has been considerably limited by the difficulties in preparation, as well as background signal and cytotoxicity arising from the surfactant capping layer. Recently, we have developed a facile and surfactant-free method for fabricating hollow-channel gold nanoflowers (HAuNFs) with great single-particle SERS activity. In this paper, we investigate the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of our HAuNFs using a RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line, and have observed effective cellular internalization and low cytotoxicity. We have further engineered our HAuNFs into SERS-active tags, and demonstrated the functionality of the obtained tags as trimodal nanoprobes for dark-field and fluorescence microscopy imaging, together with intracellular SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjie Ye
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - May C Wheeler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - James R McLaughlan
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Abiral Tamang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Christine P Diggle
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Alex F Markham
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - P Louise Coletta
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Stephen D Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Mei R, Wang Y, Liu W, Chen L. Lipid Bilayer-Enabled Synthesis of Waxberry-like Core-Fluidic Satellite Nanoparticles: Toward Ultrasensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Tags for Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:23605-23616. [PMID: 29938498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we presented waxberry-like core-satellite (C-S) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by an in situ growth of satellite gold NPs on spherical phospholipid bilayer-coated gold cores. The fluidic lipid bilayer cross-linker was reported for the first time, which imparted several novel morphological and optical properties to the C-S NPs. First, it regulated the anisotropic growth of the satellite NPs into vertically oriented nanorods on the core NP surface. Thus, an interesting waxberry-like nanostructure could be obtained, which was different from the conventional raspberry-like C-S structures decorated with spherical satellite NPs. Second, the satellite NPs were "soft-landed" on the lipid bilayer and could move on the core NP surface under certain conditions. The movement induced tunable plasmonic features in the C-S NPs. Furthermore, the fluidic lipid bilayer was capable of not only holding an abundance of reporter molecules but also delivering them to the hotspots at the junctions between the core and satellite NPs, which made the C-S NPs an excellent candidate for preparing ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags. The bioimaging capabilities of the C-S NP-based SERS tags were successfully demonstrated in living cells and mice. The developed SERS tags hold great potential for bioanalysis and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
| | | | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China
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25
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Wang W, Wu C, Zhu J, Han Y, Fan Y, Wang Y. A novel trimeric cationic surfactant as a highly efficient capping agent for the synthesis of trisoctahedral gold nanocrystals. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01516c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A trimeric cationic surfactant, even at a very low concentration of 0.2 mM, enables the formation of trisoctahedral Au nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
- Chongqing 402160
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxian Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
- Chongqing 402160
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Han
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (BNLMS)
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (BNLMS)
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (BNLMS)
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
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26
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Zhang Y, Keller D, Rossell MD, Erni R. Formation of Au Nanoparticles in Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy: From a Systematic Study to Engineered Nanostructures. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017; 29:10518-10525. [PMID: 29307957 PMCID: PMC5749949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a systematic study of the effect of electron dose rate, solute concentration, imaging mode (broad beam vs scanning probe mode), and liquid cell setup (static vs flow mode) on the growth mechanism and the ultimate morphology of Au nanoparticles (NPs) was performed in chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) aqueous solutions using in situ liquid-cell TEM (LC-TEM). It was found that a diffusion limited growth dominates at high dose rates, especially for the solution with the lowest concentration (1 mM), resulting in formation of dendritic NPs. Growth of 2D Au plates driven by a reaction limited mechanism was only observed at low dose rates for the 1 mM solution. For the 5 mM and 20 mM solutions, reaction limited growth can still be induced at higher dose rates, due to abundance of the precursor available in the solutions, leading to formation of 2D plates or 3D faceted NPs. As a proof-of-concept, an Au nanostructure with a 3D faceted particle core and a dendritic shell can be in situ produced by simply tuning the electron dose in the 1 mM solution irradiated in a flow cell setup in the STEM mode. This work paves the way to study the growth of complex heteronanostructures composed of multiple elements in LC-TEM.
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27
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Kariuki VM, Hoffmeier JC, Yazgan I, Sadik OA. Seedless synthesis and SERS characterization of multi-branched gold nanoflowers using water soluble polymers. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:8330-8340. [PMID: 28590471 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01233k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time, the aqueous-based synthesis of multibranched, monodispersed gold nanoflowers (AuNFs) using pyromellitic dianhydride-p-phenylene diamine - PPDDs at room temperature. AuNF synthesis was achieved using PPDDs that converts Au precursor (Au3+) into AuNFs while serving as both the reducing and directional agent. The resulting branched AuNFs exhibited different degrees of anisotropy and protuberance lengths obtained by modulating the ratio of PPDDs and HAuCl4·3H2O. The surface roughness obtained ranged from small bud-like protuberances to elongated spikes, which enabled the tuning of the optical properties of the nanoparticles from ∼450 to 1100 nm. Systematic analysis revealed that the generation of urchin-like particles as well as their size depended on the PPDDs/HAuCl4·3H2O ratio. At a medium concentration of the precursor, spherical nanoparticles were formed. Whereas at lower precursor concentrations, urchin-like nanoparticles were obtained with their size and protuberances length increasing at even lower HAuCl4·3H2O concentration. Increasing the temperature to 100 °C resulted in the enhancement of the anisotropy of the AuNFs. The resulting gold nanoflowers exhibited an enhanced performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This work provides a unique approach for anisotropic particle synthesis using water soluble polymer and greener approaches. The fabricated AuNFs exhibited variable UV-vis absorption and SERS enhancement as a function of branch morphology, indicating their potential application in biolabeling, biosensing, imaging, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Kariuki
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability (CREATES), State University of New York at Binghamton, P.O Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA.
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28
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Wang L, Li D, Hao Y, Niu M, Hu Y, Zhao H, Chang J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Gold nanorod-based poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with manganese dioxide core-shell structured multifunctional nanoplatform for cancer theranostic applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:3059-3075. [PMID: 28450782 PMCID: PMC5399988 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s128844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, photothermal therapy has become a promising strategy in tumor treatment. However, the therapeutic effect was seriously hampered by the low tissue penetration of laser. Therefore, in this study, radiofrequency (RF) with better tissue penetration was used for tumor hyperthermia. First, one type of gold nanorods (AuNRs) suitable for RF hyperthermia was selected. Then, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with AuNRs and docetaxel (DTX) (PLGA/AuNR/DTX) NPs were constructed. Finally, manganese dioxide (MnO2) ultrathin nanofilms were coated on the surfaces of PLGA/AuNR/DTX NPs by the reduction of KMnO4 to construct the PLGA/AuNR/DTX@MnO2 drug delivery system. This drug delivery system can not only be used for the combined therapy of chemotherapy and RF hyperthermia but can also produce Mn2+ to enable magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, the RF hyperthermia and the degradation of MnO2 can significantly promote the controlled drug release in a tumor region. The in vitro and in vivo results suggested that the PLGA/AuNR/DTX@MnO2 multifunctional drug delivery system is a promising nanoplatform for effective cancer theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Yongwei Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Mengya Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Yujie Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Hongjuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Disease, Henan Province
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29
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Xia Y, Gao Z, Liao X, Pan C, Zhang Y, Feng X. Rapid synthesis of hierarchical, flower-like Ag microstructures with a gemini surfactant as a directing agent for SERS applications. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Various hierarchical Ag microstructures, including sensitive SERS substrate flower-like structures, can be designed and rapidly synthesized under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers
| | - Zhinong Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers
| | - Xueming Liao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers
| | - Chenchen Pan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers
| | - Yingfang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers
| | - Xuesong Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P.R. China
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30
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Liu C, Tan L, Li L, Dong J, Qian W. Two-in-one: Au nanocages with a highly open architecture and “hotspot” effect as SERS-active substrates. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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