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Kunthakudee N, Puangpetch T, Ramakul P, Serivalsatit K, Ponchio C, Hunsom M. Ultra-fast green synthesis of a defective TiO 2 photocatalyst towards hydrogen production. RSC Adv 2024; 14:24213-24225. [PMID: 39101062 PMCID: PMC11295141 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04284k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
An ultra-fast green synthesis of defective titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts was conducted by the microwave-assisted method using l-ascorbic acid (l-As) as a reducing agent. Effect of l-As concentrations on the chemical-, optical- and photoelectrochemical properties as well as the photocatalytic performance towards the hydrogen (H2) production was explored. The obtained TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) illustrated the brown fine powders with different brownness levels depending on the concentrations of l-As. A high l-As concentration provided a high brownness of TiO2 NPs with a high generation of Ti3+ defects and oxygen vacancies (Ov), which can extend the light absorption towards the visible and near-infrared regions, suppress the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs, promote the photocurrent response and minimize the interface charge transfer resistance. An appropriate quantity of generated defects and good porous properties played a crucial role in photocatalytic H2 production. Under fluorescence illumination, the sample synthesized with a TiO2 and l-As weight ratio of 1 : 0.25 (PAs0.25) exhibited the highest H2 production rate (∼162 μmol g-1 h-1 in the presence of 1 wt% Au co-catalyst) with a slight drop (∼8.2%) after the 5th use (15 h). The synthesis method proposed in this work provides a new insight to an ultra-fast synthesis of defective TiO2 NPs using an eco-friendly chemical precursor under non-severe conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphaphan Kunthakudee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University Phuttamonthon 4 Road Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
| | - Tarawipa Puangpetch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand
| | - Prakorn Ramakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand
| | - Karn Serivalsatit
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road, Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- Photocatalysts for Clean Environment and Energy Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Chatchai Ponchio
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathumthani 12110 Thailand
| | - Mali Hunsom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University Phuttamonthon 4 Road Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
- Associate Fellow of Royal Society of Thailand (AFRST) Bangkok 10300 Thailand
- Advanced Microfabrication and Biomaterial for Organ-on-chip Research Unit (AMBiO), Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand
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2
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Perumal S, Wang H, Ko H, Dong CL, Zhang P, Wang S, Nga TTT, Kim YD, Ji Y, Zhao S, Kim JH, Yee DY, Hwang Y, Zhang J, Kim MG, Lee H. Coupling photocatalytic CO 2 reduction and CH 3OH oxidation for selective dimethoxymethane production. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6047. [PMID: 39025876 PMCID: PMC11258228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, conventional dimethoxymethane synthesis methods are environmentally unfriendly. Here, we report a photo-redox catalysis system to generate dimethoxymethane using a silver and tungsten co-modified blue titanium dioxide catalyst (Ag.W-BTO) by coupling CO2 reduction and CH3OH oxidation under mild conditions. The Ag.W-BTO structure and its electron and hole transfer are comprehensively investigated by combining advanced characterizations and theoretical studies. Strikingly, Ag.W-BTO achieve a record photocatalytic activity of 5702.49 µmol g-1 with 92.08% dimethoxymethane selectivity in 9 h of ultraviolet-visible irradiation without sacrificial agents. Systematic isotope labeling experiments, in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform analysis, and theoretical calculations reveal that the Ag and W species respectively catalyze CO2 conversion to *CH2O and CH3OH oxidation to *CH3O. Subsequently, an asymmetric carbon-oxygen coupling process between these two crucial intermediates produces dimethoxymethane. This work presents a CO2 photocatalytic reduction system for multi-carbon production to meet the objectives of sustainable economic development and carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CO2 to Multicarbon Production Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Silambarasan Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- CO2 to Multicarbon Production Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongdan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ko
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Panpan Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaijun Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ta Thi Thuy Nga
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Young Dok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujing Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shufang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yub Yee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yosep Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Min Gyu Kim
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Creative Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- CO2 to Multicarbon Production Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Wang J, Duan X, Ren Y. Efficient electrochemical degradation of ceftazidime by Ti 3+ self-doping TiO 2 nanotube-based Sb-SnO 2 nanoflowers as an intermediate layer on a modified PbO 2 electrode. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141853. [PMID: 38582161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Ceftazidime (CAZ) is an emerging organic pollutant with a long-lasting presence in the environment. Although some PbO2 materials exhibit degradation capabilities, inefficient electron transport in the substrate layer and the problem of electrode stability still limit their use. Here, an interfacial design in which TiO2 nanotube arrays generate Ti3+ self-doping oxide substrate layers and highly active 3D Sb-SnO2 nanoflowers-like interlayers was used to prepare PbO2 anodes for efficient degradation of CAZ. Interestingly, after implementing Ti3+ self-doping in the PbO2 anode base layer and introducing 3D nanoflowers-like structures, the capacity for •OH generation increased significantly. The modified electrode exhibited 5-fold greater •OH generation capacity compared to the unmodified electrode, and a 2.7-fold longer accelerated electrode lifetime. The results indicate that interfacial engineering of the base and intermediate layers of the electrodes can improve the electron transfer efficiency, promote the formation of •OH, and extend the anode lifetime of the activated CAZ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Frontier Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Duan
- Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Frontier Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China.
| | - Yongsheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Frontier Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China.
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4
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Kumar DP, Do KH, Rangappa AP, Lee J, Wang J, Boppella R, Gopannagari M, Reddy KAJ, Reddy DA, Kim TK. Highly stable and durable ZnIn 2S 4 nanosheets wrapped oxygen deficient blue TiO 2(B) catalyst for selective CO 2 photoreduction into CO and CH 4. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:264-272. [PMID: 37542901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing new and highly stable efficient photocatalysts is crucial for achieving high performance and selective photocatalytic CO2 conversion. In this paper, we designed a one-dimensional oxygen-deficient blue TiO2(B) (BT) catalyst for improved electron mobility and visible light accessibility. In addition, hexagonal ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) nanosheets with a low bandgap and great visible light accessibility are employed to produce effective heterostructures with BT. The synthesized materials are tested for photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into solar fuels (H2, CO and CH4). The optimized composite yields 71.6 and 10.3 μmol g-1h-1 of CO and CH4, three and ten times greater than ZIS, respectively. When ZIS nanosheets are combined with a one-dimensional oxygen-deficient BT catalyst, improved electron mobility and visible light accessibility are achieved, charge carriers are effectively segregated, and the transfer process is accelerated, resulting in efficient CO2 reduction. The photocatalytic CO2 conversion activity of the constructed BT/ZIS heterostructures is very stable over a 10-day (240-hour) period, and CO and CH4 production rates increase linearly with time; however, as time goes on, the rates of H2 production decrease. Further, a five-time recycling test confirmed this, revealing essentially equal activity and selectivity throughout the experiment. As a result, CO2 to CO and CH4 conversion has high selectivity and longer durability. The band structure of the BT/ZIS composite is determined using Mott-Schottky measurement, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This research demonstrates a novel approach to investigating effective, stable, and selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Praveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Khai H Do
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Putta Rangappa
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramireddy Boppella
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | | | - K Arun Joshi Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - D Amaranatha Reddy
- Department of Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Kurnool 581007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tae Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Wu Z, Yang P, Li Q, Xiao W, Li Z, Xu G, Liu F, Jia B, Ma T, Feng S, Wang L. Microwave Synthesis of Pt Clusters on Black TiO 2 with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies for Efficient Acidic Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300406. [PMID: 36754865 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies-enriched black TiO2 is one promising support for enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, oxygen vacancies enriched black TiO2 supported sub-nanometer Pt clusters (Pt/TiO2 -OV ) with metal support interactions is designed through solvent-free microwave and following low-temperature electroless approach for the first time. High-temperature and strong reductants are not required and then can avoid the aggregation of decorated Pt species. Experimental and theoretical calculation verify that the created oxygen vacancies and Pt clusters exhibit synergistic effects for optimizing the reaction kinetics. Based on it, Pt/TiO2 -OV presents remarkable electrocatalytic performance with 18 mV to achieve 10 mA cm-2 coupled with small Tafel slope of 12 mV dec-1 . This work provides quick synthetic strategy for preparing black titanium dioxide based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Qichang Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Xiao
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Advanced Manufacturing's Technology of Shandong Province, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Guangrui Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Advanced Manufacturing's Technology of Shandong Province, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Australia
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Australia
| | - Shouhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
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6
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Querebillo CJ. A Review on Nano Ti-Based Oxides for Dark and Photocatalysis: From Photoinduced Processes to Bioimplant Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:982. [PMID: 36985872 PMCID: PMC10058723 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis on TiO2 nanomaterials in the presence of H2O and oxygen plays a crucial role in the advancement of many different fields, such as clean energy technologies, catalysis, disinfection, and bioimplants. Photocatalysis on TiO2 nanomaterials is well-established and has advanced in the last decades in terms of the understanding of its underlying principles and improvement of its efficiency. Meanwhile, the increasing complexity of modern scientific challenges in disinfection and bioimplants requires a profound mechanistic understanding of both residual and dark catalysis. Here, an overview of the progress made in TiO2 catalysis is given both in the presence and absence of light. It begins with the mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TiO2 photocatalysis. This is followed by improvements in their photocatalytic efficiency due to their nanomorphology and states by enhancing charge separation and increasing light harvesting. A subsection on black TiO2 nanomaterials and their interesting properties and physics is also included. Progress in residual catalysis and dark catalysis on TiO2 are then presented. Safety, microbicidal effect, and studies on Ti-oxides for bioimplants are also presented. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives in light of disinfection and bioimplant application are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Joy Querebillo
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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7
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Eddy DR, Permana MD, Sakti LK, Sheha GAN, Solihudin, Hidayat S, Takei T, Kumada N, Rahayu I. Heterophase Polymorph of TiO 2 (Anatase, Rutile, Brookite, TiO 2 (B)) for Efficient Photocatalyst: Fabrication and Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:704. [PMID: 36839072 PMCID: PMC9965282 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO2 (B). These polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic performances. This paper aims to clarify the differences between titanium dioxide polymorphs, and the differences in homophase, biphase, and triphase properties in various photocatalytic applications. However, homophase TiO2 has various disadvantages such as high recombination rates and low adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, TiO2 heterophase can effectively stimulate electron transfer from one phase to another causing superior photocatalytic performance. Various studies have reported the biphase of polymorph TiO2 such as anatase/rutile, anatase/brookite, rutile/brookite, and anatase/TiO2 (B). In addition, this paper also presents the triphase of the TiO2 polymorph. This review is mainly focused on information regarding the heterophase of the TiO2 polymorph, fabrication of heterophase synthesis, and its application as a photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Diki Permana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Lintang Kumoro Sakti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Geometry Amal Nur Sheha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Solihudin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sahrul Hidayat
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Takahiro Takei
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kumada
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Iman Rahayu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Liang C, Huang Z, Wang H, Yang T, Liu N, Liao T, Wang F, Wang X. Synthesis of Porous Hollow Spheres Co@TiO 2-x-Carbon Composites for Highly Efficient Lithium-Ion Batteries. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:86. [PMID: 36063251 PMCID: PMC9445113 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hollow TiO2 anode material has received great attention for next-generation LIBs because of its excellent stability, environmental friendly, and low volume change during lithiation/delithiation. However, there are some problems associated with the current anatase TiO2 anode materials in practical application owing to low lithium-ion diffusivity and poor reversible theoretical capacities. The introduction of defects has been turned out to be a significant and effective method to improve electronic conductivity, especially oxygen vacancies. In this paper, a facile hydrothermal reaction and subsequent chemical vapor deposition method were successfully used to fabricate Co@TiO2-x-carbon hollow nanospheres. These results suggest that the synthesized product exhibits good rate performance and superior cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-Nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Ultra-Precision Optical Engineering and Applications, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
- Changzhou Blon Minimally Invasive Medical Devices Technology Co. Ltd., Changzhou, 213100 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhongliang Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-Nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Ultra-Precision Optical Engineering and Applications, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
| | - Hongshui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Tai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Tingdi Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-Nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Ultra-Precision Optical Engineering and Applications, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
| | - Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-Nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Ultra-Precision Optical Engineering and Applications, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000 Fujian China
| | - Xi Wang
- China Center for Information Industry Development, Beijing, 100048 China
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Chakraborty A, Ruzimuradov O, Gupta RK, Cho J, Prakash J. TiO 2 nanoflower photocatalysts: Synthesis, modifications and applications in wastewater treatment for removal of emerging organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113550. [PMID: 35654159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been considered as one of the most promising photocatalysts nanomaterials and is being used in a variety of fields of energy and environment under sunlight irradiation via photocatalysis. Highly efficient photocatalytic materials require the design of the proper structure with excellent morphology, interfacial structures, optical and surface properties, etc. Which are the key points to realize effective light-harvesting for photocatalytic applications. Hierarchical TiO2 based nanoflower structures (i.e., 3D nanostructures) possess such characteristics and have attracted much attention in recent years. The uniqueness of TiO2 nanoflowers (NFs) with a coarse texture and arranged structures demonstrates higher photocatalytic activity. This review deals with the hydrothermal synthesis of 3D TiO2 NFs and effect of shape/size as well as various key synthesis parameters to improve their optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties. Furthermore, to improve their photocatalytic properties, various strategies such as doping engineering and heterojunction/nanocomposite formation with other functional nanomaterials have been discussed followed by their potential applications in photocatalytic degradation of various emerging pollutants discharged into the wastewater from various sources. Importance of such 3D nanoarchitecutres and future research in other fields of current interest in environments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Olim Ruzimuradov
- Department of Natural and Mathematic Sciences, Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, Malaya Kolsevaya 17, Tashkent, 100095, Uzbekistan
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Junghyun Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, 177005, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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10
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Cai J, Yu D, Zhang Y, Yao S, Zhang X, Cui J, Wang Y, Liu J, Yu C, Sun X, Wu Y. A facile synthesis of porous amorphous/crystalline TiO2 hybrids for enhanced electrochromic performances. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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N-Rich Doped Anatase TiO2 with Smart Defect Engineering as Efficient Photocatalysts for Acetaldehyde Degradation. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091564. [PMID: 35564273 PMCID: PMC9105496 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) doping is an effective strategy for improving the solar-driven photocatalytic performance of anatase TiO2, but controllable methods for nitrogen-rich doping and associated defect engineering are highly desired. In this work, N-rich doped anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (4.2 at%) were successfully prepared via high-temperature nitridation based on thermally stable H3PO4-modified TiO2. Subsequently, the associated deep-energy-level defects such as oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ were successfully healed by smart photo-Fenton oxidation treatment. Under visible-light irradiation, the healed N-doped TiO2 exhibited a ~2-times higher activity of gas-phase acetaldehyde degradation than the non-treated one and even better than standard P25 TiO2 under UV-visible-light irradiation. The exceptional performance is attributed to the extended spectral response range from N-rich doping, the enhanced charge separation from hole capturing by N-doped species, and the healed defect levels with the proper thermodynamic ability for facilitating O2 reduction, depending on the results of ∙O2− radicals and defect measurement by electron spin resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atmosphere-controlled surface photovoltage spectra, etc. This work provides an easy and efficient strategy for the preparation of high-performance solar-driven TiO2 photocatalysts.
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12
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Si P, Wang Q, Kong H, Li Y, Wang Y. Gradient Titanium Oxide Nanowire Film: a Multifunctional Solar Energy Utilization Platform for High-Salinity Organic Sewage Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19652-19658. [PMID: 35442615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of high salt organic sewage is considered to be a high energy consumption process, and it is difficult to degrade organic matter and separate salt and water simultaneously. In this study, a gradient structure titanium oxide nanowire film is developed, which can realize the thorough treatment of sewage under sunlight. Among the film, part TiO2-x has enhanced photocatalytic properties and can completely degrade 0.02 g·L-1 methylene blue in 90 min under 2 sun. Part TinO2n-1 has excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and can achieve 1.833 kg·m-2·h-1 water evaporation rate at 1 sun. Through the special structure design, salt positioning crystallization can be realized to ensure the film's stable operation for a long time. The gradient hydrophilicity of the film ensures adequate and rapid water transfer, while the water flow can induce a significant hydrovoltaic effect. The measured VOC is positively correlated with light intensity and photothermal area and corresponds to the water evaporation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Si
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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13
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One-Pot Synthesis of TiO2/Hectorite Composite and Its Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2/hectorite composite photocatalysts with different molar ratios of lithium, magnesium, and silicon were synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). When the molar ratio of lithium, magnesium, and silicon was 1.32:5.34:8 (TH-2), the composite showed the highest UV photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The apparent rate constant of TH-2 was 0.04361 min−1, which was about 3.12 times that of EVONIK Degussa commercial TiO2 of AEROXIDE P25. The improvement of photocatalytic efficiency of the composite was mainly due to its high specific surface area, light trapping ability, and effective separation of electrons (e−) and holes (h+). At the same time, the F element of hectorite is beneficial to the formation of Ti3+ in TiO2, thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity. After five cycles, the removal rate of MB with TH-2 still reached 87.9%, indicating its excellent reusability.
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14
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Chen W, Liu S, Fu Y, Yan H, Qin L, Lai C, Zhang C, Ye H, Chen W, Qin F, Xu F, Huo X, Qin H. Recent advances in photoelectrocatalysis for environmental applications: Sensing, pollutants removal and microbial inactivation. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Jiang X, Fuji M. In-Situ Preparation of Black TiO2/Cu2O/Cu Composites as an Efficient Photocatalyst for Degradation Pollutants and Hydrogen Production. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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16
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Zhang M, Han N, Fei Y, Liu J, Xing L, Núñez-Delgado A, Jiang M, Liu S. TiO 2/g-C 3N 4 photocatalyst for the purification of potassium butyl xanthate in mineral processing wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113311. [PMID: 34280862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, TiO2-graphite-phase-carbon-nitride (TiO2/g-C3N4) was prepared through a hydrothermal method to obtain a new photocatalytic material. This material was characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray energy spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Solid-state UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry (UV-Vis-DRS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The synthesized TiO2/g-C3N4 exhibited homogeneous morphology, in which TiO2 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the g-C3N4 nanosheets. Regarding its potential use as photocatalytic material in the treatment of mineral processing wastewater, 18% TiO2/g-C3N4 showed superior photodegradation performance than TiO2 and g-C3N4, to give 97.1% degradation rate under 100 min of simulated light irradiation. The experimental results showed that the successful incorporation of TiO2 on g-C3N4 nanosheets enhanced the spectral response range of TiO2/g-C3N4, and the photocatalytic activity was improved. In view of that, it can be considered that this kind of photocatalytic material has a good prospect in the treatment of mineral processing wastewater, which would have clearly environmental relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing, 100160, PR China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Yawen Fei
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, PR China
| | - Lingbao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Engineering Polytech. School, Campus Univ. Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Man Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing, 100160, PR China.
| | - Shaomin Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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17
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Xiao Y, Wang K, Yang Z, Xing Z, Li Z, Pan K, Zhou W. Plasma Cu-decorated TiO 2-x/CoP particle-level hierarchical heterojunctions with enhanced photocatalytic-photothermal performance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125487. [PMID: 33676255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasma Cu-decorated TiO2-x/CoP particle-level hierarchical heterojunction photocatalysts with surface engineering were fabricated through solvothermal and solid phase reduction strategies. The CoP nanoparticles not only serve as a cost-effective cocatalyst but also provide abundant surface active sites, which facilitate rapid transfer of photogenerated carriers. The Ti3+ and oxygen vacancy defects extend photoresponse from UV to visible light region, and enhance the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers efficiently. Because of surface plasma resonance (SPR) of Cu, Cu/TiO2-x/CoP with average particle size of 100-200 nm has significant photothermal effect, in which the temperature of Cu/TiO2-x/CoP is increased by 76 °C with irradiation for 30 s, ~ 8 times higher than that of the original TiO2. Cu/TiO2-x/CoP exhibits a high photocatalytic degradation rates for highly toxic 2,4-dichlorophenol (99.2%) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (98.5%), which higher 7.6 and 8.9 times than the initial TiO2, respectively. Thanks to the particle-level hierarchical heterojunction, the efficient surface engineering and SPR effect favoring the spatial charge separation, Cu/TiO2-x/CoP shows excellent photocatalytic-photothermal Performance. This particle-level hierarchical heterojunction architectural design provides a new insight for synthesizing particulate photocatalysts with high-efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Zekang Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Zipeng Xing
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China.
| | - Zhenzi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Kai Pan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China.
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18
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Akter J, Hanif MA, Islam MA, Sapkota KP, Hahn JR. Selective growth of Ti 3+/TiO 2/CNT and Ti 3+/TiO 2/C nanocomposite for enhanced visible-light utilization to degrade organic pollutants by lowering TiO 2-bandgap. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9490. [PMID: 33947935 PMCID: PMC8096813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient route was developed for the selective preparation of two stable nanocomposites, Ti3+/TiO2/CNT (labeled as TTOC-1 and TTOC-3) and Ti3+/TiO2/carbon layer (labeled as TTOC-2), from the same precursor by varying the amount of single-walled carbon nanotubes used in the synthesis. TiO2 is an effective photocatalyst; however, its wide bandgap limits its usefulness to the UV region. As a solution to this problem, our prepared nanocomposites exhibit a small bandgap and wide visible-light (VL) absorption because of the introduction of carbonaceous species and Ti3+ vacancies. The photocatalytic efficiency of the nanocomposites was examined via the degradation of methylene blue dye under VL. Excellent photocatalytic activity of 83%, 98%, and 93% was observed for TTOC-1, TTOC-2, and TTOC-3 nanocomposites within 25 min. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of TTOC-2 toward methyl orange, phenol, rhodamine B, and congo red was 28%, 69%, 71%, and 91%, respectively, under similar experimental conditions after 25 min. Higher reusability and structural integrity of the as-synthesized photocatalyst were confirmed within five consecutive runs by photocatalytic test and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively. The resulting nanocomposites provide new insights into the development of VL-active and stable photocatalysts with high efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeasmin Akter
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Korea
| | - Md Abu Hanif
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Korea
| | - Md Akherul Islam
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Korea
| | | | - Jae Ryang Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Korea. .,Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, 2401 Research Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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19
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Ni J, Wang W, Liu D, Zhu Q, Jia J, Tian J, Li Z, Wang X, Xing Z. Oxygen vacancy-mediated sandwich-structural TiO 2-x /ultrathin g-C 3N 4/TiO 2-x direct Z-scheme heterojunction visible-light-driven photocatalyst for efficient removal of high toxic tetracycline antibiotics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124432. [PMID: 33189474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A surface defect sandwich-structural TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst is successfully constructed. The results manifest the existence of oxygen vacancies, sandwich structure and direct Z-scheme heterojunction. Noticeably, TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x efficiently eliminates high toxic tetracycline hydrochloride by means of·O2-, h+ and·OH, whose removal rate is 87.7% during 90 min and the pseudo-first-order rate constant reaches up to 31.7 min-1 × 10-3. The extraordinary performance can be attributed to the special 3D structure, Z-scheme heterojunction expediting charge transfer and promoting the generation of active species, meanwhile the oxygen vacancies enhancing the spatial separation of photo-induced carriers. Moreover, various environmental factors are systematically explored by statistics. SO42-, NH3-N and pH exhibit an obvious impact on removal rate. Meanwhile, TiO2-x/ultrathin g-C3N4/TiO2-x could also effectually remove tetracycline hydrochloride from complex actual-wastewater and exhibit high stability. Besides, the photocatalytic mechanism and degradation path of tetracycline hydrochloride are also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Jialin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jiayu Tian
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Zipeng Xing
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, PR China.
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20
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Ma K, Dong Y, Zhang M, Xu C, Ding Y. A homogeneous Cu-based polyoxometalate coupled with mesoporous TiO2 for efficient photocatalytic H2 production. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 587:613-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Zhang H, Liu B. Preparation, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Properties of Self-Standing Pure and Cu-Doped TiO 2 Nanobelt Membranes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4534-4541. [PMID: 33644561 PMCID: PMC7905808 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A traditional hydrothermal method was modified to synthesize ultra-long sodium titanate nanobelts by simultaneously stirring the solution. The ultra-long sodium titanate nanobelts were converted to hydrogen titanate nanobelts through an ion exchanging way. A method was then used to prepare self-standing flexible large-area membranes; they were then subject to post-annealing at different temperatures to obtain a self-standing TiO2 nanobelt membrane with a slight decrease in flexibility. Cu-doped TiO2 membranes were prepared by ion exchanging and post-annealing in the same manner. X-ray diffractions, scanning electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to characterize the samples. Photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) water solutions was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity. It was seen that the pure sample presented obvious visible-light responding photocatalytic activity, possibly due to the self-sensitization of the MB molecule. The UV-induced photocatalytic activity is higher because of the photoinduced holes and electrons. It was suggested that the Cu dopant induced intra-gap states from electron traps and recombination centers, resulting in the decrease in both of the visible and UV induced photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Transportation
institute, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, China
| | - Baoshun Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
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22
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Controllable in-situ preparation of high-coverage horizontal TiO2 nanosheet array. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Hara S, Kurebayashi S, Sanae G, Watanabe S, Kaneko T, Toyama T, Shimizu S, Ikake H. Polycarbonate/Titania Hybrid Films with Localized Photo-Induced Magnetic-Phase Transition. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 11:nano11010005. [PMID: 33375188 PMCID: PMC7822203 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Materials that exhibit the photo-induced magnetic-phase transition of titania are receiving significant attention because they can be easily switched between diamagnetism and paramagnetism by UV irradiation. However, it is difficult to store photo-induced titanium (Ti3+) in air because of its easy oxidation upon oxygen exposure. In this study, titania/polycarbonate hybrid films were prepared using linear 1,6-hexanediol (PHMCD), cyclic 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (PCHCD), or their copolymerized carbonate oligomers using the sol-gel method. The oxygen permeability of the hybrid film decreased as the ratio of the ring structure increased by a factor of approximately 32 from PHMCD with only the chain structure to PCHCD with only the ring structure. These hybrid films can generate Ti3+ under a UV irradiation of 250 W for 2 h, and the difference in oxygen permeability significantly affected the lifetime of the Ti3+ by a factor of up to 120. In addition, the tensile tests and IR measurements demonstrated that UV irradiation had little effect on the mechanical intensity and matrix chemical structure. Moreover, the magnetic susceptibility of Ti3+ present in PCHCD was confirmed to be 6.2 (10-3 emu/g(titania)) under an external magnetic field of 5 T induced using a superconducting quantum interference device.
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Recent Developments of Advanced Ti3+-Self-Doped TiO2 for Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into the development of efficient semiconductor photocatalytic materials is a promising approach to solving environmental and energy problems worldwide. Among these materials, TiO2 photocatalysts are one of the most commonly used due to their efficient photoactivity, high stability, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, since the UV content of sunlight is less than 5%, the development of visible light-activated TiO2-based photocatalysts is essential to increase the solar energy efficiency. Here, we review recent works on advanced visible light-activated Ti3+-self-doped TiO2 (Ti3+–TiO2) photocatalysts with improved electronic band structures for efficient charge separation. We analyze the different methods used to produce Ti3+–TiO2 photocatalysts, where Ti3+ with a high oxygen defect density can be used for energy production from visible light. We categorize advanced modifications in electronic states of Ti3+–TiO2 by improving their photocatalytic activity. Ti3+–TiO2 photocatalysts with large charge separation and low recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes can be practically applied for energy conversion and advanced oxidation processes in natural environments and deserve significant attention.
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25
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Enhanced Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Photoreforming by Site-Specific Deposition of Au on Cu2O/TiO2 p-n Junction. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen production by photoreforming of biomass-derived ethanol is a renewable way of obtaining clean fuel. We developed a site-specific deposition strategy to construct supported Au catalysts by rationally constructing Ti3+ defects inTiO2 nanorods and Cu2O-TiO2 p-n junction across the interface of two components. The Au nanoparticles (~2.5 nm) were selectively anchored onto either TiO2 nanorods (Au@TiO2/Cu2O) or Cu2O nanocubes (Au@Cu2O/TiO2) or both TiO2 and Cu2O (Au@TiO2/Cu2O@Au) with the same Au loading. The electronic structure of supported Au species was changed by forming Au@TiO2 interface due to the adjacent Ti3+ defects and the associated oxygen vacancies while unchanged in Au@Cu2O/TiO2 catalyst. The p-n junction of TiO2/Cu2O promoted charge separation and transfer across the junction. During ethanol photoreforming, Au@TiO2/Cu2O catalyst possessing both the Au@TiO2 interface and the p-n junction showed the highest H2 production rate of 8548 μmol gcat−1 h−1 under simulated solar light, apparently superior to both Au@TiO2 and Au@Cu2O/TiO2 catalyst. The acetaldehyde was produced in liquid phase at an almost stoichiometric rate, and C−C cleavage of ethanol molecules to form CH4 or CO2 was greatly inhibited. Extensive spectroscopic results support the claim that Au adjacent to surface Ti3+ defects could be active sites for H2 production and p-n junction of TiO2/Cu2O facilitates photo-generated charge transfer and further dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde during the photoreforming.
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Liquid-Plasma Hydrogenated Synthesis of Gray Titania with Engineered Surface Defects and Superior Photocatalytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020342. [PMID: 32079275 PMCID: PMC7075135 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Defect engineering in photocatalysts recently exhibits promising performances in solar-energy-driven reactions. However, defect engineering techniques developed so far rely on complicated synthesis processes and harsh experimental conditions, which seriously hinder its practical applications. In this work, we demonstrated a facile mass-production approach to synthesize gray titania with engineered surface defects. This technique just requires a simple liquid-plasma treatment under low temperature and atmospheric pressure. The in situ generation of hydrogen atoms caused by liquid plasma is responsible for hydrogenation of TiO2. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements confirm the existence of surface oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ species in gray TiO2−x. Both kinds of defects concentrations are well controllable and increase with the output plasma power. UV–Vis diffused reflectance spectra show that the bandgap of gray TiO2−x is 2.9 eV. Due to its extended visible-light absorption and engineered surface defects, gray TiO2−x exhibits superior visible-light photoactivity. Rhodamine B was used to evaluate the visible-light photodegradation performance, which shows that the removal rate constant of gray TiO2−x reaches 0.126 min−1 and is 6.5 times of P25 TiO2. The surface defects produced by liquid-plasma hydrogenation are proved stable in air and water and could be a candidate hydrogenation strategy for other photocatalysts.
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Kuang J, Xing Z, Yin J, Li Z, Tan S, Li M, Jiang J, Zhu Q, Zhou W. Ti3+ self-doped rutile/anatase/TiO2(B) mixed-crystal tri-phase heterojunctions as effective visible-light-driven photocatalysts. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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29
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Facile and Large-scale Synthesis of Defective Black TiO2−x(B) Nanosheets for Efficient Visible-light-driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the work, we firstly report the facile and large-scale synthesis of defective black TiO2−x(B) nanosheets via a dual-zone NaBH4 reduction method. The structure, physico-chemical, and optical properties of TiO2−x(B) nanosheets were systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc. The concentration of Ti3+ can be well tuned by NaBH4 reduction. With increasing the mass ratio of NaBH4 to TiO2(B), the generation of Ti3+ defects gives rise to the increased intensity of a broad band absorption in the visible wavelength range. It is demonstrated that the TiO2−x(B) photocatalyst synthesized with the mass ratio of NaBH4 to TiO2(B) of 3:1 exhibited an optimum photocatalytic activity and excellent photostability for hydrogen evolution under visible-light irradiation. By combining the advantages of 2D TiO2(B) nanosheets architecture with those of Ti3+ self-doping and simultaneous production of oxygen vacancy sites, the enhanced photocatalytic performance of the defective TiO2−x(B) nanosheets was achieved.
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30
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Luo L, Xia L, Tan W, Li J, Barrow CJ, Yang W, Wang H, Shu L. The TiO 2 (B) nano-belts with excellent performance prepared via alkaline stirring hydrothermal method and its application to remove 17α-ethynylestradiol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:34018-34026. [PMID: 30225689 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, TiO2 (B) nano-belts were synthesized by hydrothermal method under stirring, and static conditions and preparation conditions were optimized. The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and N2 adsorption/desorption measurement. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by removing synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), which is the most potent endocrine-disrupting chemical. The results show that the TiO2 nano-belt possesses pure metastable monoclinic TiO2 (B) and has uniform nano-belt shape with 80~120-nm diameters and 62.904 m2 g-1 of specific surface area. Under the best optimal preparation conditions (0.5 g P25, 20 mL 10 mol L-1 NaOH, hydrothermal temperature 180 °C for 18 h under stirring, 400 °C calcination for 2 h), the TiO2 (B) has better catalytic activity with 100.00% removal rate towards 3 mg L-1 EE2 in 120 min. The removal rates of EE2 over catalyst which was prepared under static condition and P25 are 74.66% and 70.71%, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation rate constant of TiO2 (B) prepared under stirring condition (0.0379 min-1) is 4.51 times and 8.42 times than those of TiO2 prepared under static condition (0.0084 min-1) and P25 (0.0045 min-1). The excellent photocatalytic activity is mainly ascribed to longer one-dimensional nano-belt structure and effective suppression of photo-produced electron-hole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Clean Conversion in Ethnic Region, Education Department of Yunnan, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan MinZu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lihong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Clean Conversion in Ethnic Region, Education Department of Yunnan, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan MinZu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Clean Conversion in Ethnic Region, Education Department of Yunnan, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan MinZu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Clean Conversion in Ethnic Region, Education Department of Yunnan, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan MinZu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Wenrong Yang
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Clean Conversion in Ethnic Region, Education Department of Yunnan, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan MinZu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Li Shu
- School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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31
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Earth-rich Ni2P/Ni(PO3)2 co-catalysts promoted electron–hole separation for g-C3N4 nanosheets visible light photocatalysts. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Yin J, Xing Z, Kuang J, Li Z, Zhu Q, Zhou W. Dual oxygen vacancy defects-mediated efficient electron-hole separation via surface engineering of Ag/Bi2MoO6 nanosheets/TiO2 nanobelts ternary heterostructures. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Liu J, Tao Z, Xie H, Zhang X, Wang H, Xiao H, Wang L. Facial construction of defected NiO/TiO2 with Z-scheme charge transfer for enhanced photocatalytic performance. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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34
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Wang P, Yi Z, Zhang J, Cai Z, Lyu B, Yang J, Wang X. In‐situ
Photosynthetic Route to Tailor Point Defects in TiO
2
(B) Nanosheets for Visible Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Zhouxiang Yi
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Zhengyang Cai
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Bowen Lyu
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Junhe Yang
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Xianying Wang
- School of Materials Science and TechnologyUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) Jungong Rd.516 Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
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Surface-defect-rich mesoporous NH 2-MIL-125 (Ti)@Bi 2MoO 6 core-shell heterojunction with improved charge separation and enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 554:324-334. [PMID: 31306944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous NH2-MIL-125(Ti)@Bi2MoO6 core-shell heterojunctions with surface defects were fabricated through a facile solvothermal method. The mesoporous core-shell structure with a large relative surface area of 87.7 m2 g-1 and narrow pore size of 8.2 nm extends the photoresponse to the range of visible light due to the narrow band gap of ∼1.89 eV. The visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation efficiency of highly toxic dichlorophen and trichlorophenol were 93.28 and 92.19%, respectively, and the corresponding rate constants were approximately 8 and 17 times higher than the rates achieved by pristine NH2-MIL-125(Ti). The photocatalytic oxygen production rate was increased to 171.3 µmol g-1. Recycling for several cycles indicates high stability, which is favorable for practical applications. The excellent photocatalytic performance can be ascribed to the formation of the core-shell heterojunctions and to the surface defects that favor charge separation and visible light absorption; the mesoporous structure offers an adequate number of surface active sites and mass transfer. This novel mesoporous core-shell photocatalyst will have potential applications in the environment, and this strategy offers a new insight into fabrication of other high-performance core-shell structure photocatalysts.
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36
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Liu B, Zhao X, Yu J, Parkin IP, Fujishima A, Nakata K. Intrinsic intermediate gap states of TiO2 materials and their roles in charge carrier kinetics. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Huang S, Kou X, He D, Du C, Wang X, Su Y. Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Mediated Photocatalysis over Bi
2
Sn
2
O
7
: Exceptional Catalytic Activity and Selectivity. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Xin Kou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Dan He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Yiguo Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
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38
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Kuang J, Xing Z, Yin J, Li Z, Zhu Q, Zhou W. Surface plasma Ag-decorated single-crystalline TiO2−x(B) nanorod/defect-rich g-C3N4 nanosheet ternary superstructure 3D heterojunctions as enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalyst. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 542:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Assembly of surface-defect single-crystalline strontium titanate nanocubes acting as molecular bricks onto surface-defect single-crystalline titanium dioxide (B) nanorods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 537:441-449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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40
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Zhao T, Xing Z, Xiu Z, Li Z, Chen P, Zhu Q, Zhou W. Synergistic effect of surface plasmon resonance, Ti 3+ and oxygen vacancy defects on Ag/MoS 2/TiO 2-x ternary heterojunctions with enhancing photothermal catalysis for low-temperature wastewater degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:117-124. [PMID: 30342291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ag/MoS2/TiO2-x ternary heterojunctions are fabricated through hydrothermal and photo-deposition process combine with in-situ solid-state chemical reduction approach. The prepared materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the ternary heterojunctions doped with Ti3+ are formed, meanwhile, Ag nanoparticle and MoS2 nanosheets are anchored on surface of TiO2 nanobelts simultaneously. The photocatalytic degradation ratio of Bisphenol A in low temperature water and hydrogen production rate for Ag/MoS2/TiO2-x are up to 96.7% and ∼1.98 mmol h-1 g-1, respectively, which are several times higher than that of pristine TiO2. Furthermore, the photothermal performance of Ag/MoS2/TiO2-x is also unexpected. The excellent photocatalytic activity and photothermal performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of the formation of heterojunctions, Ti3+ and surface oxygen vacancies defects and surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles, which extend the photoresponse to visible-infrared light region and favor the spatial separation of photogenerated charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Zipeng Xing
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
| | - Ziyuan Xiu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Zhenzi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatists, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China.
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41
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Li Y, Ye X, Cao S, Yang C, Wang Y, Ye J. Oxygen-Deficient Dumbbell-Shaped Anatase TiO 2-x Mesocrystals with Nearly 100 % Exposed {101} Facets: Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Photocatalytic Performance. Chemistry 2019; 25:3032-3041. [PMID: 30602067 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of hierarchical TiO2 superstructures with new morphologies and intriguing photoelectric properties for utilizing solar energy is known to be an effective approach to alleviate the serious problems of environmental pollution. Herein, unique oxygen-deficient dumbbell-shaped anatase TiO2-x mesocrystals (DTMCs) enclosed by nearly 100 % {101} facets were readily synthesized by mesoscale transformation in TiCl3 /acetic acid (HAc) mixed solution, followed by calcination under vacuum. These mesocrystals exhibited much higher photoreactivity toward removing the model pollutants methyl orange and CrVI than truncated tetragonal bipyramidal anatase nanocrystals (TNCs), anatase mesocrystals built from truncated tetragonal bipyramidal anatase nanocrystals (TTMCs), and anatase mesocrystals constructed by anatase nanocrystals with nearly 100 % exposed {101} facets (TMCs), revealing that both the oxidation and reduction abilities of anatase TiO2 were simultaneously enhanced upon fabricating an oxygen-deficient mesocrystalline architecture with about 100 % exposed {101} facets. Further characterization illustrated that such an enhancement of photoreactivity was mainly due to the strengthened light absorption, boosted charge carrier separation, and nearly 100 % exposed {101} facets of the oxygen-deficient dumbbell-shaped anatase mesocrystals. This work will be useful for guiding the synthesis of oxygen-deficient ordered superstructures of metal oxides with desired morphologies and exposed facets for promising applications in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shengxin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chujing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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42
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Li C, Lou Z, Yang Y, Wang Y, Lu Y, Ye Z, Zhu L. Hollowsphere Nanoheterojunction of g-C 3N 4@TiO 2 with High Visible Light Photocatalytic Property. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:779-786. [PMID: 30601001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, g-C3N4@TiO2 nanostructures with hollow sphere morphology, small grain size, high crystalline quality, and high surface area are successfully synthesized by the annealing method using melamine and hollowsphere precursor, which could be a universal method to synthesis hollow sphere nanoheterojunction. Excellent photocatalytic property was observed from the as-prepared g-C3N4@TiO2 nanostructure with 466.43 μmol·g-1·h-1 hydrogen generation rate under visible light irradiation (>420 nm), which was 5.5 times as much as the control couple, nanoparticle nanoheterojunction g-C3N4@TiO2. No apparent deactivation was found during the follow-up cycle performance test. The special morphology and the heterojunction construction contribute to both visible light absorption and photogenerated electron-hole pair separation efficiency and finally to the photocatalytic property. The content of g-C3N4 was proved to be an important parameter for the promotion of the photocatalytic property. Overlarge content may lead to lower photogenerated electron-hole pair separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zirui Lou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yinchen Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfan Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhen Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , People's Republic of China
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43
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Liu S, Zhou L, Zhang J, Lei J. Controllable Synthesis of Inverse Opal TiO 2-x Photonic Crystals and Their Photoelectric Properties. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:322-327. [PMID: 30507065 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, inverse opal TiO2-x photonic crystals (IO-TiO2-x ) have been successfully synthesized by a two-step calcination. The whole synthesis is safe and feasible. Additionly, the reduction degree and the structure of IO-TiO2-x can be precisely controlled. A series of IO-TiO2-x samples with different reduction degree were prepared and characterized. The TEM images show that the obtained samples possess a 3D-ordered macroporous inverse opal structure. The reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies were confirmed by Raman and XPS spectroscopy. All IO-TiO2-x samples showed better photoelectric properties than those of common TiO2 which indicates their great potential to be applied to photoelectric fields. The improvement of photoelectric properties is attributed to the efficient electron-hole separation efficiency induced by moderately reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the 3D-ordered macroporous inverse opal structure and the band gap are regulated to "capture" more solar energy. This new approach is proven to be a meaningful method to synthesize high-performance TiO2 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Liu
- Yuanpei College, Peking University, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Juying Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.,Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China
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44
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Chen P, Zhang L, Liu B, Chen P, Yan P. TiO2 Films Functionalized with ABDA for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance. Aust J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/ch18577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Efficient photogenerated charge separation is needed for potential solar energy conversion and storage. Herein, we present the preparation and characterization of an optically active anthracence-based molecule 4,4′-(anthracene-2,6-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(4-oxobutanoic acid) (ABDA), whose coupling with TiO2 has been proven useful in the pursuit of enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and PEC measurements indicated that the ABDA/TiO2 composite has extended the light absorption of TiO2 to the visible region and efficiently increased the charge separation. The photocurrent of ABDA/TiO2 is 1.8 times higher than that of pristine TiO2. This study has provided a method for the development of functionalized TiO2 with enhanced PEC behaviour for energy conversion applications.
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45
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Jiang X, Yan Z, Zhang J, Gao J, Huang W, Shi Q, Zhang H. Mesoporous hollow black TiO2 with controlled lattice disorder degrees for highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36907-36914. [PMID: 35539040 PMCID: PMC9075178 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08148h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Black TiO2 has received tremendous attention because of its lattice disorder-induced reduction in the TiO2 bandgap, which yields excellent light absorption and photocatalytic ability. In this report, a highly efficient visible-light-driven black TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized with a mesoporous hollow shell structure. It provided a higher specific surface area, more reaction sites and enhanced visible light absorption capability, which significantly promoted the photocatalytic reaction. Subsequently, the mesoporous hollow black TiO2 with different lattice disorder-engineering degrees were designed. The structure disorder in the black TiO2 obviously increased with reduction temperature, leading to improved visible light absorption. However, their visible-light-driven photocatalytic efficiency increased first and then decreased. The highest value can be observed for the sample reduced at 350 °C, which was 2-, 1.4- and 5-fold that of the samples reduced at 320 °C, 380 °C and 400 °C, respectively. This contradiction can be ascribed to the varied functions of the surface defects with different concentrations in the black TiO2 during the catalytic process. In particular, the defects at low concentrations boost photocatalysis but reverse photocatalysis at high concentrations when they act as charge recombination centers. This study provides significant insight for the fabrication of high-efficiency visible-light-driven catalytic black TiO2 and the understanding of its catalysis mechanism. Our work provides significant insights into the design of hollow black TiO2 spheres and the mechanism accounting for their high-efficient visible-light-driven catalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongrui Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Zhiyao Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Architecture and Environment
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Junzheng Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Wanxia Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Qiwu Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Hengzhong Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advance Research
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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46
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Hao W, Li X, Qin L, Han S, Kang SZ. Facile preparation of Ti3+ self-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their dramatic visible photocatalytic activity for the fast treatment of highly concentrated Cr(vi) effluent. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An efficient visible photocatalyst which is suitable for the rapid removal of highly concentrated Cr(vi) for environmental therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Hao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 201418
- China
| | - Xiangqing Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 201418
- China
| | - Lixia Qin
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 201418
- China
| | - Sheng Han
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 201418
- China
| | - Shi-Zhao Kang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shanghai Institute of Technology
- Shanghai 201418
- China
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47
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Shi X, Cui C, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu G. FeOCl/Ln (Ln = La or Y): efficient photo-Fenton catalysts for ibuprofen degradation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03746b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Doping of rare earth elements (La and Y) in FeOCl boosted the Fenton catalytic activity under sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Shi
- Department of Bioengineering
- Shandong Polytechnic
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jining University
- Qufu 273100
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jining University
- Qufu 273100
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jining University
- Qufu 273100
- P. R. China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jining University
- Qufu 273100
- P. R. China
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48
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Yoon Y, Le TA, Tiwari AP, Kim I, Barsoum MW, Lee H. Low temperature solution synthesis of reduced two dimensional Ti 3C 2 MXenes with paramagnetic behaviour. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22429-22438. [PMID: 30475358 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06854b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MXenes - two dimensional, 2D, early transition metal, M, carbides and nitrides, X - are the latest addition to the 2D materials' world. Herein, we report on a facile low temperature solution chemical synthesis method to reduce Ti3C2Tx multilayered, ML, MXenes. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, magnetization measurements and other techniques, we concluded that immersing Ti3C2Tx MLs in the reducing agent Li-ethylenediamine (Li-EDA) - held at temperatures varying from room to 120 °C - reduces the 2D layers creating Ti3+ ions and oxygen vacancies. Above a temperature (T) of ≈10 K, the magnetic susceptibilities, χ, are temperature independent, implying that the resulting powders are Pauli paramagnetic. The loss of the magnetic signal upon intercalation of Li+ or EDA, together with a Curie-like increase in χ at T < 10 K, is consistent with that of a disordered metal that is close to a metallic to insulator transition and proves that the magnetism is associated with the 2D flakes. This result is the first evidence of any magnetism of any MXene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeoheung Yoon
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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49
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Uniform Pt quantum dots-decorated porous g-C3N4 nanosheets for efficient separation of electron-hole and enhanced solar-driven photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:119-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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50
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Wang J, Wang X, Yan J, Tan Q, Liang G, Qu S, Zhong Z. Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties of Ti 3+ Self-Doped Branched TiO₂ Nanorod Arrays with Visible Light Absorption. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101791. [PMID: 30241334 PMCID: PMC6213866 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel Ti3+ self-doped branched rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) was successfully grown on an F-doped tin oxide (FTO) transparent conductive glass by a combined hydrothermal and magnetron sputtering method. Surface morphology, structure, optical properties, and photoelectrochemical behavior of the branched TiO2 NRAs are determined. Using TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on the top of the nanorods as seeds, TiO2 nanobranches can easily grow on the top of the nanorods. Moreover, the Ti3+ defects in the TiO2 NPs and associated oxygen vacancies, and the nanobranches expend the optical absorption edge of the TiO2 NRAs from 400 nm to 510 nm. Branched TiO2 NRAs exhibit excellent photoelectrochemical properties compared to the pure TiO2 NRAs, as revealed by photoelectrochemical measurements. This enhanced photoelectrochemical properties is induced by the increased surface area and expanded optical absorption range. Due to their favorable characteristics, these novel branched TiO2 NRAs will provide a new path to the fabrication of hierarchical nanostructured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Xiantao Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Qi Tan
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Guijie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Shaohua Qu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China.
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