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Aqeel T, Greer HF. Crystalline Mesoporous F-Doped Tin Dioxide Nanomaterial Successfully Prepared via a One Pot Synthesis at Room Temperature and Ambient Pressure. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2731. [PMID: 37836372 PMCID: PMC10574325 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the successful one pot synthesis of crystalline mesoporous tin dioxide powder doped with fluoride at ambient pressure and temperature. This material possesses a high surface area, narrow pore size distribution, small average crystallite sizes, and good opto-electrical properties. The existence of fluorine increased the opto-electronic activity of tin dioxide by 20 times, and conductivity by 100 times compared with pristine tin dioxide prepared via the same method. The conductivity of SnO2 in air at 25 °C is 5 × 10-5 S/m, whereas that of F-SnO2 is 4.8 × 10-3 S/m. The structures of these materials were characterized with powder X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Fluorine occupies the framework of tin dioxide by replacing some of the oxygen atoms. The structure, conductance, and optical properties of these materials are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Aqeel
- Department of Science, College of Basic Education, The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET), P.O. Box 23167, Safat 13092, Kuwait
| | - Heather F. Greer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK;
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2
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Guo L, Liang H, Hu H, Shi S, Wang C, Lv S, Yang H, Li H, de Rooij NF, Lee YK, French PJ, Wang Y, Zhou G. Large-Area and Visible-Light-Driven Heterojunctions of In 2O 3/Graphene Built for ppb-Level Formaldehyde Detection at Room Temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18205-18216. [PMID: 36999948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Achieving convenient and accurate detection of indoor ppb-level formaldehyde is an urgent requirement to ensure a healthy working and living environment for people. Herein, ultrasmall In2O3 nanorods and supramolecularly functionalized reduced graphene oxide are selected as hybrid components of visible-light-driven (VLD) heterojunctions to fabricate ppb-level formaldehyde (HCHO) gas sensors (named InAG sensors). Under 405 nm visible light illumination, the sensor exhibits an outstanding response toward ppb-level HCHO at room temperature, including the ultralow practical limit of detection (pLOD) of 5 ppb, high response (Ra/Rg = 2.4, 500 ppb), relatively short response/recovery time (119 s/179 s, 500 ppb), high selectivity, and long-term stability. The ultrasensitive room temperature HCHO-sensing property is derived from visible-light-driven and large-area heterojunctions between ultrasmall In2O3 nanorods and supramolecularly functionalized graphene nanosheets. The performance of the actual detection toward HCHO is evaluated in a 3 m3 test chamber, confirming the practicability and reliability of the InAG sensor. This work provides an effective strategy for the development of low-power-consumption ppb-level gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanpeng Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hongping Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huiyun Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shenbin Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Sitao Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Haihong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Nicolaas Frans de Rooij
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Kuen Lee
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Paddy J French
- BE Laboratory, EWI, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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3
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Kaaliveetil S, Yang J, Alssaidy S, Li Z, Cheng YH, Menon NH, Chande C, Basuray S. Microfluidic Gas Sensors: Detection Principle and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1716. [PMID: 36296069 PMCID: PMC9607434 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth of emerging point-of-use (POU)/point-of-care (POC) detection technologies, miniaturized sensors for the real-time detection of gases and airborne pathogens have become essential to fight pollution, emerging contaminants, and pandemics. However, the low-cost development of miniaturized gas sensors without compromising selectivity, sensitivity, and response time remains challenging. Microfluidics is a promising technology that has been exploited for decades to overcome such limitations, making it an excellent candidate for POU/POC. However, microfluidic-based gas sensors remain a nascent field. In this review, the evolution of microfluidic gas sensors from basic electronic techniques to more advanced optical techniques such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to detect analytes is documented in detail. This paper focuses on the various detection methodologies used in microfluidic-based devices for detecting gases and airborne pathogens. Non-continuous microfluidic devices such as bubble/droplet-based microfluidics technology that have been employed to detect gases and airborne pathogens are also discussed. The selectivity, sensitivity, advantages/disadvantages vis-a-vis response time, and fabrication costs for all the microfluidic sensors are tabulated. The microfluidic sensors are grouped based on the target moiety, such as air pollutants such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, and airborne pathogens such as E. coli and SARS-CoV-2. The possible application scenarios for the various microfluidic devices are critically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreerag Kaaliveetil
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Juliana Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Saud Alssaidy
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Zhenglong Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Niranjan Haridas Menon
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Charmi Chande
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Sagnik Basuray
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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4
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Ponzoni A. A Statistical Analysis of Response and Recovery Times: The Case of Ethanol Chemiresistors Based on Pure SnO 2. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6346. [PMID: 36080803 PMCID: PMC9459747 DOI: 10.3390/s22176346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Response and recovery times are among the most important parameters for gas sensors. Their optimization has been pursued through several strategies, including the control over the morphology of the sensitive material. The effectiveness of these approaches is typically proven by comparing different sensors studied in the same paper under the same conditions. Additionally, tables comparing the results of the considered paper with those available in the literature are often reported. This is fundamental to frame the results of individual papers in a more general context; nonetheless, it suffers from the many differences occurring at the experimental level between different research groups. To face this issue, in the present paper, we adopt a statistical approach to analyze the response and recovery times reported in the literature for chemiresistors based on pure SnO2 for ethanol detection, which was chosen as a case study owing to its available statistic. The adopted experimental setup (of the static or dynamic type) emerges as the most important parameter. Once the statistic is split into these categories, morphological and sensor-layout effects also emerge. The observed results are discussed in terms of different diffusion phenomena whose balance depends on the testing conditions adopted in different papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ponzoni
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Brescia, National Research Council (CNR), 25123 Brescia, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-030-3711440
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Lecco, National Research Council (CNR), 23900 Lecco, Italy
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Jiang X, Zhang G, Yi W, Yang T, Liu X. Penta-BeP 2 Monolayer: A Superior Sensor for Detecting Toxic Gases in the Air with Excellent Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Reversibility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35229-35236. [PMID: 35876712 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Directly and quickly detecting toxic gases in the air is urgently needed in industrial production and our daily life. However, the poor gas selectivity and low sensitivity under ambient conditions limit the development of gas sensors. In this work, we demonstrate that the penta-BeP2 monolayer is an excellent toxic gas sensor by using first-principles calculations. The calculated results show that the semiconducting penta-BeP2 monolayer can chemisorb toxic gas molecules (including CO, NH3, NO, and NO2) with distinct charge transfer (-0.182 to 1.129 e) but negligibly interact with ambient gas molecules (including H2, N2, H2O, O2, and CO2), indicating high gas selectivity for primary environmental gases. The calculated I-V curves show that the penta-BeP2 monolayer exhibits a fast response with toxic gas molecules. Upon interaction with CO, NH3, NO, and NO2 molecules at a bias voltage of 0.7 V, the currents are 10.23, 14.48, 32.10, and 129.90 times that of the pristine penta-BeP2 monolayer, respectively, which induces high sensitivity values of 9.23, 13.48, 31.10, and 128.90, respectively. Moreover, the moderate adsorption energies of all toxic gas molecules guarantee that the penta-BeP2 monolayer possesses good reversibility at room temperature with a short recovery time. Herein, all of our results indicate that the penta-BeP2 monolayer could be a superior candidate for sensing toxic gases with high selectivity, sensitivity, and reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Jiang
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
| | - Wencai Yi
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Electromechanical and Automobile Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei 438000, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, China
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6
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Chandel M, Kumar P, Arora A, Kataria S, Dubey SC, M D, Kaur K, Sahu BK, De Sarkar A, Shanmugam V. Nanocatalytic Interface to Decode the Phytovolatile Language for Latent Crop Diagnosis in Future Farms. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11081-11088. [PMID: 35905143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Crop diseases cause the release of volatiles. Here, the use of an SnO2-based chemoresistive sensor for early diagnosis has been attempted. Ionone is one of the signature volatiles released by the enzymatic and nonenzymatic cleavage of carotene at the latent stage of some biotic stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at sensing volatiles with multiple oxidation sites, i.e., ionone (4 oxidation sites), from the phytovolatile library, to derive stronger signals at minimum concentrations. Further, the sensitivity was enhanced on an interdigitated electrode by the addition of platinum as the dopant for a favorable space charge layer and for surface island formation for reactive interface sites. The mechanistic influence of oxygen vacancy formation was studied through detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations and reactive oxygen-assisted enhanced binding through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Chandel
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Prem Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Anu Arora
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Sarita Kataria
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Sunil Chandra Dubey
- Plant Protection and Biosafety, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road, New Delhi, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Djanaguiraman M
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641003, India
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Bandana Kumari Sahu
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Abir De Sarkar
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Vijayakumar Shanmugam
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector- 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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7
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Ponzoni A. Metal Oxide Chemiresistors: A Structural and Functional Comparison between Nanowires and Nanoparticles. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22093351. [PMID: 35591040 PMCID: PMC9099833 DOI: 10.3390/s22093351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanowires have become popular materials in gas sensing, and more generally in the field of electronic and optoelectronic devices. This is thanks to their unique structural and morphological features, namely their single-crystalline structure, their nano-sized diameter and their highly anisotropic shape, i.e., a large length-to-diameter aspect ratio. About twenty years have passed since the first publication proposing their suitability for gas sensors, and a rapidly increasing number of papers addressing the understanding and the exploitation of these materials in chemosensing have been published. Considering the remarkable progress achieved so far, the present paper aims at reviewing these results, emphasizing the comparison with state-of-the-art nanoparticle-based materials. The goal is to highlight, wherever possible, how results may be related to the particular features of one or the other morphology, what is effectively unique to nanowires and what can be obtained by both. Transduction, receptor and utility-factor functions, doping, and the addition of inorganic and organic coatings will be discussed on the basis of the structural and morphological features that have stimulated this field of research since its early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ponzoni
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Brescia, National Research Council (CNR), 25123 Brescia, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-030-3711440
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Lecco, National Research Council (CNR), 23900 Lecco, Italy
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8
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Liu D, Li Y, Zhang X, Yang L, Luo X. Heterostructured perylene diimide (PDI) supramolecular nanorods with SnO2 quantum dots for enhanced visible‐light photocatalytic activity and stability. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- China University of Mining and Technology - Beijing Campus School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Yifu Building, Ding-11, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing City 100083 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yi Li
- China University of Mining and Technology Beijing Campus school of chemical and environment engineering Number Ding-11, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District 100083 Beijing CHINA
| | - XinLing Zhang
- China University of Mining and Technology Beijing Campus school of chemical and environment engineering CHINA
| | - Li Yang
- China University of Mining and Technology Beijing Campus school of chemical and environment engineering CHINA
| | - Xin Luo
- China University of Mining and Technology Beijing Campus school of chemical and environment engineering CHINA
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Radin E, Štefanić G, Dražić G, Marić I, Jurkin T, Pustak A, Baran N, Raić M, Gotić M. Solid-State Dispersions of Platinum in the SnO 2 and Fe 2O 3 Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123349. [PMID: 34947698 PMCID: PMC8704069 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dispersion of platinum (Pt) on metal oxide supports is important for catalytic and gas sensing applications. In this work, we used mechanochemical dispersion and compatible Fe(II) acetate, Sn(II) acetate and Pt(II) acetylacetonate powders to better disperse Pt in Fe2O3 and SnO2. The dispersion of platinum in SnO2 is significantly different from the dispersion of Pt over Fe2O3. Electron microscopy has shown that the elements Sn, O and Pt are homogeneously dispersed in α-SnO2 (cassiterite), indicating the formation of a (Pt,Sn)O2 solid solution. In contrast, platinum is dispersed in α-Fe2O3 (hematite) mainly in the form of isolated Pt nanoparticles despite the oxidative conditions during annealing. The size of the dispersed Pt nanoparticles over α-Fe2O3 can be controlled by changing the experimental conditions and is set to 2.2, 1.2 and 0.8 nm. The rather different Pt dispersion in α-SnO2 and α-Fe2O3 is due to the fact that Pt4+ can be stabilized in the α-SnO2 structure by replacing Sn4+ with Pt4+ in the crystal lattice, while the substitution of Fe3+ with Pt4+ is unfavorable and Pt4+ is mainly expelled from the lattice at the surface of α-Fe2O3 to form isolated platinum nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edi Radin
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.R.); (G.Š.); (N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Goran Štefanić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.R.); (G.Š.); (N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Goran Dražić
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Ivan Marić
- Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Tanja Jurkin
- Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Anđela Pustak
- Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikola Baran
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.R.); (G.Š.); (N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Matea Raić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.R.); (G.Š.); (N.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Marijan Gotić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.R.); (G.Š.); (N.B.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (M.G.)
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10
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Tian W, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cao J. Enhanced triethylamine sensing performance of superfine NiO nanoparticles decoration by two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Zhou T, Zhang T. Recent Progress of Nanostructured Sensing Materials from 0D to 3D: Overview of Structure-Property-Application Relationship for Gas Sensors. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100515. [PMID: 34928067 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Along with the progress of nanoscience and nanotechnology, nanomaterials with attractive structural and functional properties have gained more attention than ever before, especially in the field of electronic sensors. In recent years, the gas sensing devices have made great achievement and also created wide application prospects, which leads to a new wave of research for designing advanced sensing materials. There is no doubt that the characteristics are highly governed by the sensitive layers. For this reason, important advances for the outstanding, novel sensing materials with different dimensional structures including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D are reported and summarized systematically. The sensing materials cover noble metals, metal oxide semiconductors, carbon nanomaterials, metal dichalcogenides, g-C3 N4 , MXenes, and complex composites. Discussion is also extended to the relation between sensing performances and their structure, electronic properties, and surface chemistry. In addition, some gas sensing related applications are also highlighted, including environment monitoring, breath analysis, food quality and safety, and flexible wearable electronics, from current situation and the facing challenges to the future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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12
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(Ti,Sn) Solid Solution Based Gas Sensors for New Monitoring of Hydraulic Oil Degradation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030605. [PMID: 33525544 PMCID: PMC7865283 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The proper operation of a fluid power system in terms of efficiency and reliability is directly related to the fluid state; therefore, the monitoring of fluid ageing in real time is fundamental to prevent machine failures. For this aim, an innovative methodology based on fluid vapor analysis through metal oxide (shortened: MOX) gas sensors has been developed. Two apparatuses were designed and realized: (i) a dedicated test bench to fast-age the fluid under controlled conditions; (ii) a laboratory MOX sensor system to test the headspace of the aged fluid samples. To prepare the set of MOX gas sensors suitable to detect the analytes’ concentrations in the fluid headspace, different functional materials were synthesized in the form of nanopowders, characterizing them by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The powders were deposited through screen-printing technology, realizing thick-film gas sensors on which dynamical responses in the presence of the fluid headspace were obtained. It resulted that gas sensors based on solid solution TixSn1–xO2 with x = 0.9 and 0.5 offered the best responses toward the fluid headspace with lower response and recovery times. Furthermore, a decrease in the responses (for all sensors) with fluid ageing was observed.
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Lattice expansion and oxygen vacancy of α-Fe 2O 3 during gas sensing. Talanta 2021; 221:121616. [PMID: 33076146 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the nature of gas-sensing material under the real-time operating condition is very critical for the research and development of gas sensors. In this work, we implement in situ Raman and XRD to investigate the gas-sensing nature of α-Fe2O3 sensing material, which derived from Fe-based metal-organic gel (MOG). The active mode of α-Fe2O3 as gas-sensing material originate from the thermally induced lattice expansion and the changes of surface oxygen vacancy of α-Fe2O3 could be reflected from the further monitored Raman scattering signals during acetone gas sensing. Meanwhile, the prepared α-Fe2O3 gas sensor exhibits excellent gas-sensing performance with high response value (Ra/Rg = 27), rapid response/recovery time (1 s/80 s) for 100 ppm acetone gas, and broad response range (5 - 900 ppm) at 183 °C. Strategies described herein could provide a promising approach to obtain gas-sensing materials with excellent performance and unveil the gas-sensing nature for other metal-oxide-based chemiresistors.
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14
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Morphological Effects in SnO 2 Chemiresistors for Ethanol Detection: A Review in Terms of Central Performances and Outliers. SENSORS 2020; 21:s21010029. [PMID: 33374606 PMCID: PMC7793099 DOI: 10.3390/s21010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SnO2 is one of the most studied materials in gas sensing and is often used as a benchmark for other metal oxide-based gas sensors. To optimize its structural and functional features, the fine tuning of the morphology in nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets and their eventual hierarchical organization has become an active field of research. In this paper, the different SnO2 morphologies reported in literature in the last five years are systematically compared in terms of response amplitude through a statistical approach. To have a dataset as homogeneous as possible, which is necessary for a reliable comparison, the analysis is carried out on sensors based on pure SnO2, focusing on ethanol detection in a dry air background as case study. Concerning the central performances of each morphology, results indicate that none clearly outperform the others, while a few individual materials emerge as remarkable outliers with respect to the whole dataset. The observed central performances and outliers may represent a suitable reference for future research activities in the field.
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15
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Munasinghe Arachchige HMM, Zappa D, Poli N, Gunawardhana N, Attanayake NH, Comini E. Seed-Assisted Growth of TiO 2 Nanowires by Thermal Oxidation for Chemical Gas Sensing. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050935. [PMID: 32413953 PMCID: PMC7279288 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the catalyst assisted growth of TiO2 one-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) on alumina substrates by the thermal oxidation technique. RF magnetron sputtering was used to deposit a thin Ti metallic layer on the alumina substrate, followed by an Au catalytic layer on the Ti metallic one. Thermal oxidation was carried out in an oxygen deficient environment. The optimal thermal growth temperature was 700 °C, in a mixture environment composed by Ar and O2. As a comparison, Ti films were also oxidized without the presence of the Au catalyst. However, without the Au catalyst, no growth of nanowires was observed. Furthermore, the effect of the oxidation temperature and the film thickness were also investigated. SEM, TEM, and EDX studies demonstrated the presence of Au nanoparticles on top of the NWs, indicating that the Au catalyst drove the growth process. Raman spectroscopy revealed the Rutile crystalline phase of TiO2 NWs. Gas testing measurements were carried out in the presence of a relative humidity of 40%, showing a reversible response to ethanol and H2 at various concentrations. Thanks to the moderate temperature and the easiness of the process, the presented synthesis technique is suitable to grow TiO2 NWs for many different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashitha M. M. Munasinghe Arachchige
- SENSOR Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via D. Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (N.P.); (E.C.)
- Centre for Research and International Relations, Sri Lanka Technological Campus, Padukka 10500, Sri Lanka;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dario Zappa
- SENSOR Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via D. Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (N.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Nicola Poli
- SENSOR Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via D. Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (N.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Nanda Gunawardhana
- Centre for Research and International Relations, Sri Lanka Technological Campus, Padukka 10500, Sri Lanka;
| | - Nuwan H. Attanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- SENSOR Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via D. Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (N.P.); (E.C.)
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16
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Liu L, Wang Y, Dai Y, Li G, Wang S, Li T, Zhang T, Qin S. In Situ Growth of NiO@SnO 2 Hierarchical Nanostructures for High Performance H 2S Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44829-44836. [PMID: 31722530 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructured metal oxides with large specific surface area are crucial for constructing gas sensors with high performance. However, using slurry-coating and screen-printing methods to fabricate gas sensors cannot result in high uniformity and reproducibility of the sensors. Here, NiO nanowalls decorated by SnO2 nanoneedles (NiO@SnO2) were in situ grown on ceramic microchips via a chemical bath deposition method to detect H2S instead of print-coating and slurry-coating methods. The morphologies and compositions of the NiO@SnO2 hierarchical nanostructures (HNSs) were well tuned by varying the growth time of the NiO@SnO2 HNSs to optimize the sensing performance. The response of the NiO@SnO2 HNSs (2 h) to 1 ppm of H2S was over 23-fold higher than that of the pure NiO nanowalls and 17-fold higher than that of the pure SnO2 nanosheets. This dramatic enhancement is attributed to the large surface area of the NiO@SnO2 HNSs and the p-n heterojunction at the heterointerface of SnO2 and NiO. The variation in the depletion layers (WSnO2 and WNiO) at the heterointerface of SnO2 and NiO greatly depends on the properties of the target gases (e.g., electron-withdrawing property (NO2) or electron-donating property (H2S)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , Department of Health and Environmental Sciences , 111 Renai Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
- Department of Environmental Sciences , University of Liverpool , Brownlow Hill , Liverpool L69 7ZX , United Kingdom
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , Department of Health and Environmental Sciences , 111 Renai Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Dai
- i-Lab, and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , 398 Ruoshui Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Riverside California 92521 , United States
| | - Shuqi Wang
- i-Lab, and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , 398 Ruoshui Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Tie Li
- i-Lab, and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , 398 Ruoshui Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , Department of Health and Environmental Sciences , 111 Renai Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Sujie Qin
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , Department of Health and Environmental Sciences , 111 Renai Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , P. R. China
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17
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Aqeel T, Galstyan V, Comini E. Mesoporous polycrystalline SnO 2 framework synthesized by direct soft templating method for highly selective detection of NO 2. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 31:105502. [PMID: 31751951 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5a1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SnO2 is one of the most studied oxide materials for gas sensing applications. Investigations have shown that SnO2 is sensitive to a wide range of gaseous compounds. However, its lack of selectivity remains an issue. Here, a mesoporous polycrystalline SnO2 framework was successfully synthesized using a soft templating method at ambient temperature and pressure. The prepared materials were characterized using x-ray diffraction analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, N2 sorption tests, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Gas sensing analyses were performed on two batches of the material calcined at 400 °C and 500 °C. The resultant materials were highly conductive at relatively low operating temperatures. The thermal annealing and operating temperatures of the materials had significant effects on their gas sensing response and selectivity. The structure calcined at 400 °C showed a very selective response of 407 to 1 ppm NO2. The superior sensing performance of the obtained mesoporous SnO2 framework is attributed to its small crystal size of 4-5 nm-less than double the thickness of the critical electron depletion layer-as well as its high surface area of 89 m2 g-1 and high pore volume of 0.12 cm3 g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Aqeel
- Science Department, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Kuwait, PO Box 23167, 13092 Safat, Kuwait
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18
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Motsoeneng R, Kortidis I, Ray SS, Motaung DE. Designing SnO 2 Nanostructure-Based Sensors with Tailored Selectivity toward Propanol and Ethanol Vapors. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13696-13709. [PMID: 31497687 PMCID: PMC6714541 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The application of metal oxide-based sensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds is restricted because of their high operating temperatures and poor gas sensing selectivity. Driven by this fact, we report the low operating temperature and high performance of C3H7OH and C2H5OH sensors. The sensors comprising SnO2 hollow spheres, nanoparticles, nanorods, and fishbones with tunable morphologies were synthesized with a simple hydrothermal one-pot method. The SnO2 hollow spheres demonstrated the highest sensing response (resistance ratio of 20) toward C3H7OH at low operating temperatures (75 °C) compared to other tested interference vapors and gases, such as C3H5O, C2H5OH, CO, NH3, CH4, and NO2. This improved response can be associated with the higher surface area and intrinsic point defects. At a higher operating temperature of 150 °C, a response of 28 was witnessed for SnO2 nanorods. A response of 59 was observed for SnO2 nanoparticle-based sensor toward C2H5OH at 150 °C. This variation in the optimal temperature with respect to variations in the sensor morphology implies that the vapor selectivity and sensitivity are morphology-dependent. The relation between the intrinsic sensing performance and vapor selectivity originated from the nonstoichiometry of SnO2, which resulted in excess oxygen vacancies (VO) and higher surface areas. This characteristic played a vital role in the enhancement of the target gas absorptivity and the charge transfer capability of SnO2 hollow sphere-based sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapelang
G. Motsoeneng
- DST-CSIR
National Centre for Nano-Structured Material, Council for Scientific Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2006, South Africa
| | - Ioannis Kortidis
- DST-CSIR
National Centre for Nano-Structured Material, Council for Scientific Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- DST-CSIR
National Centre for Nano-Structured Material, Council for Scientific Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2006, South Africa
| | - David E. Motaung
- DST-CSIR
National Centre for Nano-Structured Material, Council for Scientific Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department
of Physics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein ZA9300, South Africa
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Abdul Haroon Rashid SSA, Sabri YM, Kandjani AE, Harrison CJ, Canjeevaram Balasubramanyam RK, Della Gaspera E, Field MR, Bhargava SK, Tricoli A, Wlodarski W, Ippolito SJ. Zinc Titanate Nanoarrays with Superior Optoelectrochemical Properties for Chemical Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29255-29267. [PMID: 31339291 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this report, the gas sensing performance of zinc titanate (ZnTiO3) nanoarrays (NAs) synthesized by coating hydrothermally formed zinc oxide (ZnO) NAs with TiO2 using low-temperature chemical vapor deposition is presented. By controlling the annealing temperature, diffusion of ZnO into TiO2 forms a mixed oxide of ZnTiO3 NAs. The uniformity and the electrical properties of ZnTiO3 NAs made them ideal for light-activated acetone gas sensing applications for which such materials are not well studied. The acetone sensing performance of the ZnTiO3 NAs is tested by biasing the sensor with voltages from 0.1 to 9 V dc in an amperometric mode. An increase in the applied bias was found to increase the sensitivity of the device toward acetone under photoinduced and nonphotoinduced (dark) conditions. When illuminated with 365 nm UV light, the sensitivity was observed to increase by 3.4 times toward 12.5 ppm acetone at 350 °C with an applied bias of 9 V, as compared to dark conditions. The sensor was also observed to have significantly reduced the adsorption time, desorption time, and limit of detection (LoD) when excited by the light source. For example, LoD of the sensor in the dark and under UV light at 350 °C with a 9 V bias is found to be 80 and 10 ppb, respectively. The described approach also enabled acetone sensing at an operating temperature down to 45 °C with a repeatability of >99% and a LoD of 90 ppb when operated under light, thus indicating that the ZnTiO3 NAs are a promising material for low concentration acetone gas sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ram Kumar Canjeevaram Balasubramanyam
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , Melbourne 3001 , Victoria , Australia
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB) , University of Bordeaux , UMR 5026, 87, Avenue du Docteur Schweitzer , Pessac Cedex F-33608 , France
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Tricoli
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Research School of Engineering , Australian National University , Canberra 2601 , Australian Capital Territory , Australia
| | - Wojtek Wlodarski
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , Melbourne 3001 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Samuel J Ippolito
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , Melbourne 3001 , Victoria , Australia
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20
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Chen P, Rizzotto V, Khetan A, Xie K, Moos R, Pitsch H, Ye D, Simon U. Mechanistic Understanding of Cu-CHA Catalyst as Sensor for Direct NH 3-SCR Monitoring: The Role of Cu Mobility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8097-8105. [PMID: 30706712 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The concept to utilize a catalyst directly as a sensor is fundamentally and technically attractive for a number of catalytic applications, in particular, for the catalytic abatement of automotive emission. Here, we explore the potential of microporous copper-exchanged chabazite (Cu-CHA, including Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SAPO-34) zeolite catalysts, which are used commercially in the selective catalytic reduction of automotive nitrogen oxide emission by NH3 (NH3-SCR), as impedance sensor elements to monitor directly the NH3-SCR process. The NH3-SCR sensing behavior of commercial Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SAPO-34 catalysts at typical reaction temperatures (i.e., 200 and 350 °C) was evaluated according to the change of ionic conductivity and was mechanistically investigated by complex impedance-based in situ modulus spectroscopy. Short-range (local) movement of Cu ions within the zeolite structure was found to determine largely the NH3-SCR sensing behavior of both catalysts. Formation of NH3-solvated, highly mobile CuI species showed a predominant influence on the ionic conductivity of both catalysts and, consequently, hindered NH3-SCR sensing at 200 °C. Density functional theory calculations over a model Cu-SAPO-34 system revealed that CuII reduction to CuI by coadsorbed NH3 and NO weakened significantly the coordination of the Cu site to the CHA framework, enabling high mobility of CuI species that influences substantially the NH3-SCR sensing. The in situ spectroscopic and theoretical investigations not only unveil the mechanisms of Cu-CHA catalyst as sensor elements for direct NH3-SCR monitoring but also allow us to get insights into the speciation of active Cu sites in NH3-SCR under different reaction conditions with varied temperatures and gas compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , Aachen 52074 , Germany
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
| | - Valentina Rizzotto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , Aachen 52074 , Germany
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
| | - Abhishek Khetan
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
- Institute for Combustion Technology , RWTH Aachen University , Templergraben 64 , Aachen 52056 , Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kunpeng Xie
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , Aachen 52074 , Germany
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
| | - Ralf Moos
- Department of Functional Materials and Bayreuth Engine Research Center (BERC) , University of Bayreuth , Bayreuth 95440 , Germany
| | - Heinz Pitsch
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
- Institute for Combustion Technology , RWTH Aachen University , Templergraben 64 , Aachen 52056 , Germany
| | - Daiqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , Aachen 52074 , Germany
- Center for Automotive Catalytic Systems Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
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21
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Wang Z, Han T, Fei T, Liu S, Zhang T. Investigation of Microstructure Effect on NO 2 Sensors Based on SnO 2 Nanoparticles/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41773-41783. [PMID: 30419750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The microstructures of metal oxide-modified reduced graphene oxide (RGO) are expected to significantly affect room-temperature (RT) gas sensing properties, where the microstructures are dependent on the synthesis methods. Herein, we demonstrate the effect of microstructures on RT NO2 sensing properties by taking typical SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) embellished RGO (SnO2 NPs-RGO) hybrids as examples. The samples were synthesized by growing SnO2 NPs on RGO through hydrothermal reduction (SnO2 NPs-RGO-PR), which display the advantages such as high reactivity of the SnO2 surface with NO2, more oxygen vacancies (OV) and chemisorbed oxygen (OC), close contact between SnO2 NPs and RGO, and large surface area, compared to the samples prepared by one-pot hydrothermal synthesis from Sn4+ and GO (SnO2 NPs-RGO-IS), and the assembly of SnO2 NPs on RGO (SnO2 NPs-RGO-SA). As expected, the SnO2 NPs-RGO-PR-based sensor presents high sensitivity towards 5 ppm NO2 (65.5%), but 35.0% for the SnO2 NPs-RGO-IS-based sensor and 32.8% for the SnO2 NPs-RGO-SA-based sensor at RT. Meanwhile, the corresponding response time and recovery time calculated by achieving 90% of the current change of the SnO2 NPs-RGO-PR-based sensor for exposure to NO2 is 12 s and to air is 17 s, respectively, whereas 74/42 s for the SnO2 NPs-RGO-IS-based sensor and 77/90 s for the SnO2 NPs-RGO-SA-based sensor. The results can prove the tailoring sensing behavior of the gas sensor according to different structures of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Teng Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
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