1
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Tayier F, Troyano J, Tokuda S, Wang Z, Haga MA, Furukawa S. Redox-Active Ruthenium-Organic Polyhedra with Tunable Surface Functionality and Porosities. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5559-5567. [PMID: 38470047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Dinuclear ruthenium paddlewheel complexes exhibit high structural stability in redox reactions. The use of these chemical motifs for the construction of Ru-based metal-organic polyhedra (RuMOPs) provides a route for redox-active porous materials. However, there are few studies on the synthesis and characterization of RuMOPs due to the difficulty in controlling the assembly process via the ligand-exchange reaction of equatorial acetates of the diruthenium tetraacetate precursors with dicarboxylic acid ligands. In this study, we synthesized three novel cuboctahedral RuMOPs based on the Ru2(II/III)-paddlewheel units with different alkyl functionalizations on the benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate moieties. We evaluated the effect of external functionalization on the molecular packing and the porous and redox properties. The electrochemical measurements revealed the multielectron transferred redox process where the electron-donating/-withdrawing nature of the functional groups allows the control of the redox behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuerkaiti Tayier
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Javier Troyano
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shun Tokuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Haga
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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2
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Moree LK, Faulkner LAV, Crowley JD. Heterometallic cages: synthesis and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:25-46. [PMID: 38037385 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
High symmetry metallosupramolecular architectures (MSAs) have been exploited for a range of applications including molecular recognition, catalysis and drug delivery. Recently there have been increasing efforts to enhance those applications by generating reduced symmetry MSAs. While there are several emerging methods for generating lower symmetry MSAs, this tutorial review examines the general methods used for synthesizing heterometallic MSAs with a particular focus on heterometallic cages. Additionally, the intrinsic properties of the cages and their potential emerging applications as host-guest systems and reaction catalysts are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana K Moree
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Logan A V Faulkner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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3
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Zhou CW, Wang XZ, Xie M, Xia RQ, Luo D, Lian ZX, Ning GH, Lu W, Zhou XP, Li D. A Self-Assembled Capsule for Propylene/Propane Separation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315020. [PMID: 37884445 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of energy-saving technology for the efficient separation of olefin and paraffin is highly important for the chemical industry. Herein, we report a self-assembled Fe4 L6 capsule containing a hydrophobic cavity, which can be used to encapsulate and separate propylene/propane. The successful encapsulation of propylene and propane by the Fe4 L6 cage in a water solution was documented by NMR spectroscopy. The binding constants K for the Fe4 L6 cage toward propylene and propane were determined to be (5.0±0.1)×103 M-1 and (2.1±0.7)×104 M-1 in D2 O at 25 °C, respectively. Experiments and theoretical studies revealed that the cage exhibited multiple weak interactions with propylene and propane. The polymer-grade propylene (>99.5 %) can be obtained from a mixture of propylene and propane by using the Fe4 L6 cage as a separation material in a U-shaped glass tube. This work provides a new strategy for the separation of olefin/paraffin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang-Wei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Zhi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ri-Qin Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Dong Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Xia Lian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
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4
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Metallic–Organic Cages (MOCs) with Heterometallic Character: Flexibility-Enhancing MOFs. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The dichotomy between metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal–organic cages (MOCs) opens up the research spectrum of two fields which, despite having similarities, both have their advantages and disadvantages. Due to the fact that they have cavities inside, they also have applicability in the porosity sector. Bloch and coworkers within this evolution from MOFs to MOCs manage to describe a MOC with a structure of Cu2 paddlewheel Cu4L4 (L = bis(pyrazolyl)methane) with high precision thanks to crystallographic analyses of X-ray diffraction and also SEM-EDX. Then, also at the same level of concreteness, they were able to find the self-assembly of Pd(II)Cl2 moieties on the available nitrogen donor atoms leading to a [Cu4(L(PdCl2))4] structure. Here, calculations of the DFT density functional allow us to reach an unusual precision given the magnitude and structural complexity, explaining how a pyrazole ring of each bis(pyprazolyl)methane ligand must rotate from an anti to a syn conformation, and a truncation of the MOC structure allows us to elucidate, in the absence of the MOC constraint and its packing in the crystal, that the rotation is almost barrierless, as well as also explain the relative stability of the different conformations, with the anti being the most stable conformation. Characterization calculations with Mayer bond orders (MBO) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) plots discern what is important in the interaction of this type of cage with PdCl2 moieties, also CuCl2 by analogy, as well as simple molecules of water, since the complex is stable in this solvent. However, the L ligand is proved to not have the ability to stabilize an H2O molecule.
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5
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6
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He D, Zhang L, Liu T, Clowes R, Little MA, Liu M, Hirscher M, Cooper AI. Hydrogen Isotope Separation Using a Metal–Organic Cage Built from Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202450. [PMID: 35687266 PMCID: PMC9400858 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Porous materials that contain ultrafine pore apertures can separate hydrogen isotopes via kinetic quantum sieving (KQS). However, it is challenging to design materials with suitably narrow pores for KQS that also show good adsorption capacities and operate at practical temperatures. Here, we investigate a metal–organic cage (MOC) assembled from organic macrocycles and ZnII ions that exhibits narrow windows (<3.0 Å). Two polymorphs, referred to as 2α and 2β, were observed. Both polymorphs exhibit D2/H2 selectivity in the temperature range 30–100 K. At higher temperature (77 K), the D2 adsorption capacity of 2β increases to about 2.7 times that of 2α, along with a reasonable D2/H2 selectivity. Gas sorption analysis and thermal desorption spectroscopy suggest a gate‐opening effect of the MOCs pore aperture. This promotes KQS at temperatures above liquid nitrogen temperature, indicating that MOCs hold promise for hydrogen isotope separation in real industrial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin He
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Linda Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Heisenbergstr. 3 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Tao Liu
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Rob Clowes
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Ming Liu
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215 China
| | - Michael Hirscher
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Heisenbergstr. 3 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
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7
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Yong MT, Linder-Patton OM, Bloch WM. Assembly of a Heterometallic Cu(II)-Pd(II) Cage by Post-assembly Metal Insertion. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12863-12869. [PMID: 35920858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porous structures based on multi-metallic motifs are receiving growing interest, but their general preparation still remains a challenge. Here, we report the self-assembly and structure of a CuII metal-organic cage (MOC) that is functionalized with free bis(pyrazolyl)methane sites. The homometallic Cu4L4 cage is isolated as a water-stable crystalline solid, and its formation is dependent on metal-ligand stoichiometry and the pre-organization of the Cu2 paddlewheel. We show by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDX that PdII chloride can be quantitatively inserted into the free chelating sites of the MOC to yield a [Cu4(L(PdCl2))4] structure. Moreover, the solvent employed in the metalation dictates the solid-state isomerism of the heterometallic cage─a further handle to control the MOC's structural diversity and permanent porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tieng Yong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Oliver M Linder-Patton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Witold M Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.,Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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8
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He D, Zhang L, Liu T, Clowes R, Little MA, Liu M, Hirscher M, Cooper AI. Hydrogen isotope separation using a metal‐organic cage built from macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donglin He
- University of Liverpool Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Linda Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems: Max-Planck-Institut fur Intelligente Systeme Modern Magnetic Systems Department GERMANY
| | - Tao Liu
- University of Liverpool Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Rob Clowes
- University of Liverpool Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Marc A. Little
- University of Liverpool Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Ming Liu
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Michael Hirscher
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems: Max-Planck-Institut fur Intelligente Systeme Modern Magnetic Systems Department GERMANY
| | - Andrew Ian Cooper
- University of Liverpool Chemistry Crown Street L69 3BX Liverpool UNITED KINGDOM
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9
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Sánchez-González E, Tsang MY, Troyano J, Craig GA, Furukawa S. Assembling metal-organic cages as porous materials. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4876-4889. [PMID: 35441616 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in metal-organic cages (MOCs) as porous materials owing to their processability in solution. The discrete molecular character and surface features of MOCs have a direct impact on the interactions between cages, enabling the final physical state of the materials to be tuned. In this tutorial review, we discuss how to use MOCs as core building units, highlighting the role played by surface functionalisation of MOCs in leading to porous materials in a range of states covering crystalline solids, soft matter, liquids and composites. We finish by providing an outlook on the opportunities for this work to serve as a foundation for the development of increasingly complex functional porous materials structured over various length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elí Sánchez-González
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. .,Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Min Ying Tsang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. .,Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, 50-373, Poland
| | - Javier Troyano
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Gavin A Craig
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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10
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Antonio AM, Korman KJ, Deegan MM, Taggart GA, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Utilization of a Mixed-Ligand Strategy to Tune the Properties of Cuboctahedral Porous Coordination Cages. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4609-4617. [PMID: 35263080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ligand functionalization has been thoroughly leveraged to alter the properties of paddlewheel-based coordination cages where, in the case of ligand-terminated cages, functional groups are positioned on the periphery of synthesized cages. While these groups can be used to optimize solubility, porosity, crystal packing, thermal stability toward desolvation, reactivity, or optical activity, optimization of multiple properties can be challenging given their interconnected nature. For example, installation of functional groups to increase the solubility of porous cages typically has the effect of decreasing their porosity and stability toward thermal activation. Here we show that mixed-ligand cages can potentially address these issues as the benefits of various functional groups can be combined into one mixed-ligand cage. We further show that although ligand exchange reactions can be employed to obtain mixed ligand copper(II)-based cages, direct synthesis of mixed-ligand products is necessary for molybdenum(II) paddlewheel-based cages as these substitutionally inert clusters are resistant to ligand exchange. We ultimately show that highly soluble, highly porous, and thermally stable cuboctahedral cages are isolable by this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Antonio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kyle J Korman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Meaghan M Deegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Garrett A Taggart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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11
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Pachisia S, Gupta R, Gupta R. Molecular Assemblies Offering Hydrogen-Bonding Cavities: Influence of Macrocyclic Cavity and Hydrogen Bonding on Dye Adsorption. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3616-3630. [PMID: 35156802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a set of Hg macrocycles of amide-phosphine-based ligands offering H-bonding cavities of different dimensions. Such macrocycles are shown to selectively adsorb anionic dyes followed by neutral dyes as well as Prontosil, a biologically relevant antibiotic, within their cavities with the aid of H-bonding-assisted encapsulation. Kinetic experiments supported by spectroscopic and docking studies illustrate the importance of the cavity structure as well as H-bonds for the selective adsorption of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Pachisia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ruchika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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12
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Alexandrov EV, Yang Y, Liang L, Wang J, Blatov VA. Topological transformations in metal–organic frameworks: a prospective design route? CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00264g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We apply a topological approach based on the underlying net and transformation pattern concepts as well as on the ‘supernet–subnet’ formalism to uncover mechanisms of solid-state transformations in coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeny V. Alexandrov
- Samara Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS), Samara State Technical University, Molodogvardeyskaya St. 244, Samara, 443100, Russian Federation
- Samara Branch of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, Novo-Sadovaya St. 221, Samara 443011, Russian Federation
| | - Yumin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Vladislav A. Blatov
- Samara Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS), Samara State Technical University, Molodogvardeyskaya St. 244, Samara, 443100, Russian Federation
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang X, Kusaka S, Hori A, Matsuda R. Fabrication of a Kagomé-type MOF Membrane by Seeded Growth on Amino-functionalized Porous Al 2 O 3 Substrate. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2018-2021. [PMID: 34109742 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report an efficient fabrication method for the membrane of a metal-organic framework (MOF) (Kgm-OEt) which is one kind of kagomé-type MOF with a two-dimensional (2D) sheet structure having one-dimensional (1D) channels suitable for separation of H2 from other larger gases. The Kgm-OEt seed layer was created on an Al2 O3 substrate using layer-by-layer (LBL) growth, then a membrane was fabricated by secondary growth. The membrane on a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTEs)-treated substrate obtained in this method was continuous and defect-free with the crystal orientation suitable for gas transportation, while the membrane grown on an unmodified substrate was loosely packed with unfavorable crystal orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kusaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hori
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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14
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Do M, Rogers D, Kaminsky W, Xiao DJ. Robust Synthetic Route toward Anisotropic Metal-Organic Cages with Tunable Surface Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7602-7606. [PMID: 33973769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages with well-defined interior cavities and tunable surface chemistry serve as attractive building blocks for new types of soft nanoporous materials. While a compositionally diverse repertoire of metal-organic cages exists, the vast majority feature highly symmetric cores. Here, we report a robust, generalizable synthetic route toward anisotropic copper paddlewheel-based cages with tunable pendant amide groups. An isostructural family with increasingly hydrophobic surface properties has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, gas sorption analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR digestion experiments. The metal-organic cages reported here may enable a deeper study of how anisotropy influences the long-range structure and emergent function of soft nanoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dylan Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dianne J Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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15
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Sokolov AV, Vologzhanina AV, Barabanova ED, Stefanovich SY, Dorovatovskii PV, Taydakov IV, Alexandrov EV. Coordination Properties of Hydroxyisophthalic Acids: Topological Correlations, Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Properties of New Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:9180-9192. [PMID: 33871132 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyisophthalic acids are valuable polytopic ligands for the design of functional materials based on coordination polymers due to the variety of charges and coordination modes they possess. Herein, we describe the synthesis, thermal stability, nonlinear optical (NLO) and spectroscopic properties of five novel coordination compounds, [K2 L(H2 O)2 ], [MgL(H2 O)2 ] ⋅ 3H2 O, [CaL(H2 O)3 ], [SrL(H2 O)3 ] ⋅ H2 O, [BaL(H2 O)(H2 O)5 ], and one salt, (NH4 )2 L ⋅ 2H2 O, with 4,5,6-trihydroxyisophthalic acid (H2 L), which has not been tested in assembling crystalline coordination networks before. The peculiarities of the structural organization of the compounds were analyzed and compared with those for other hydroxyisophthalates. The coordination properties of hydroxyisophthalic acids were studied from the topological point of view, and a comparative topological analysis of coordination and H-bonded networks was performed. Structural correlations revealed in this study could be useful for the design of hydroxyisophthalate-based coordination networks, including porous metal-organic frameworks, proton conductors, and NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Sokolov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, Samara, 443099, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Vologzhanina
- X-ray Structural Research Laboratory, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova str. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina D Barabanova
- Samara Center for Theoretical Material Science (SCTMS), Samara State Technical University, Molodogvardeyskaya St. 244, Samara, 443100, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Yu Stefanovich
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Acad. Kurchatov Sq. 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V Taydakov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 53, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny per. 36, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Eugeny V Alexandrov
- Samara Center for Theoretical Material Science (SCTMS), Samara State Technical University, Molodogvardeyskaya St. 244, Samara, 443100, Russian Federation.,Samara Branch of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Novo-Sadovaya St. 221, Samara, 443011, Russian Federation
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16
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Dworzak MR, Deegan MM, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Synthesis and Characterization of an Isoreticular Family of Calixarene-Capped Porous Coordination Cages. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5607-5616. [PMID: 33784080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of permanently porous coordination cages has been used to tune phase, surface area, stability, and solubility in this promising class of adsorbents. For many cages, however, these properties are intricately tied together, and installation of functional groups, for example, to increase solubility often leads to a decrease in surface area. Calixarene-capped cages offer the advantage in that they are cluster-terminated cages whose solid-state packing, and thus surface area, is typically governed by the nature of the capping ligand rather than the bridging ligand. In this work we investigate the influence of ligand functionalization on two series of isoreticular Ni(II)- and Co(II)-based calixarene-capped cages. The two types of materials described are represented as octahedral and rectangular prismatic coordination cages and can be synthesized in a modular manner, allowing for the substitution of dicarboxylate bridging ligands and the introduction of functional groups in specific locations on the cage. We ultimately show that highly soluble cages can be obtained while still having access to high surface areas for many of the isolated phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Dworzak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Meaghan M Deegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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17
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Deegan MM, Dworzak MR, Gosselin AJ, Korman KJ, Bloch ED. Gas Storage in Porous Molecular Materials. Chemistry 2021; 27:4531-4547. [PMID: 33112484 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with permanent porosity in the solid state have been studied for decades. Porosity in these systems is governed by intrinsic pore space, as in cages or macrocycles, and extrinsic void space, created through loose, intermolecular solid-state packing. The development of permanently porous molecular materials, especially cages with organic or metal-organic composition, has seen increased interest over the past decade, and as such, incredibly high surface areas have been reported for these solids. Despite this, examples of these materials being explored for gas storage applications are relatively limited. This minireview outlines existing molecular systems that have been investigated for gas storage and highlights strategies that have been used to understand adsorption mechanisms in porous molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan M Deegan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Michael R Dworzak
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Aeri J Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Kyle J Korman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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18
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Manipulating solvent and solubility in the synthesis, activation, and modification of permanently porous coordination cages. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Abstract
Metal-organic polyhedra are a member of metal-organic materials, and are together with metal-organic frameworks utilized as emerging porous platforms for numerous applications in energy- and bio-related sciences. However, metal-organic polyhedra have been significantly underexplored, unlike their metal-organic framework counterparts. In this review, we will cover the topologies and the classification of metal-organic polyhedra and share several suggestions, which might be useful to synthetic chemists regarding the future directions in this rapid-growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soochan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Antonio AM, Korman KJ, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Porous metal-organic alloys based on soluble coordination cages. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12540-12546. [PMID: 34123234 PMCID: PMC8163318 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04941g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse strategies for the preparation of mixed-metal three-dimensional porous solids abound, although many of them lend themselves only moderate levels of tunability. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of surface functionalized permanently microporous coordination cages and their use in the isolation of mixed metal solids. Judicious alkoxide-based ligand functionalization was utilized to tune the solubility of starting copper(ii)-based cages and their resulting compatibility with the mixed-cage approach described here. We further prepared a family of isostructural molybdenum(ii) cages for a subset of the ligands. The preparation of mixed-metal cage solids proceeds under facile conditions where solutions of parent cages are mixed and product phases isolated. A suite of spectroscopic and characterization tools confirm the starting cages are intact in the amorphous product. Finally, we show that utilization of precise ligand functional groups can be used to prepare mixed cage solids that can be easily and cleanly separated into their constituent components through simple solvent washing or solvent extraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Antonio
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Kyle J Korman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Eric D Bloch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
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21
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Crystal structures and magnetic properties of two Co(II) coordination polymers created via in situ ligand synthesis. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Rowland CA, Lorzing GR, Bhattacharjee R, Caratzoulas S, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Design and synthesis of aryl-functionalized carbazole-based porous coordination cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9352-9355. [PMID: 32672292 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03910a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A subset of coordination cages have garnered considerable recent attention for their potential permanent porosity in the solid state. Herein, we report a series of functionalized carbazole-based cages of the structure type M12(R-cdc)12 (M = Cr, Cu, Mo) where the functional groups include a range of aromatic substituents. Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations reveal a variety of intercage interactions in these materials, largely governed by pi-pi stacking. Density functional theory for a subset of these cages was used to confirm that the nature of the increased stability of aryl-functionalized cages is a result of inter-cage ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey A Rowland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeri J. Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Casey A. Rowland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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24
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Gosselin AJ, Decker GE, Antonio AM, Lorzing GR, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. A Charged Coordination Cage-Based Porous Salt. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9594-9598. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aeri J. Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Gerald E. Decker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Alexandra M. Antonio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Gregory R. Lorzing
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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25
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Bloch WM, Babarao R, Schneider ML. On/off porosity switching and post-assembly modifications of Cu 4L 4 metal-organic polyhedra. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3664-3671. [PMID: 34094054 PMCID: PMC8152621 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic porous materials composed of metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) have found application in topical areas such as gas storage, separation and catalysis. Control over their physical properties (e.g. porosity) has typically been achieved through ligand design or judicious choice of metal ions. Here, we demonstrate pore-size control and on/off porosity in Cu4L4 MOPs by exploiting their structural non-rigidity. We report an aldehyde-functionalised MOP (1) that can be isolated in five distinct solvatomorphs, each exhibiting different structural flexibility. When soaked in MeOH, two of these solvatomorphs undergo a rapid transformation to a thermodynamically favoured phase, whilst in acetone they template the crystallisation of an entirely new crystal packing. We support these findings by single and powder X-ray diffraction and rationalise the observed phase transformations by lattice energy calculations. Of the five solvatomorphs, three can be obtained as solvent-exchanged pseudo-polymorphs with distinct porosities in their activated form (SABET = 35–455 m2 g−1). Further control over the crystal packing of MOPs is achieved through covalent post-assembly modifications, which promote the crystallisation of isoreticular 2-D sheet-like structures. The crystal packing and porosity of Cu4L4 metal–organic polyhedra can be controlled by exploiting their rich solvatomorphism, structural non-rigidity and amenability to covalent post-assembly modifications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold M Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia +61 8 8313 5039
| | - Ravichandar Babarao
- School of Science, RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia.,CSIRO Normanby Road Clayton 3168 Victoria Australia
| | - Matthew L Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia +61 8 8313 5039
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26
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El-Sayed ESM, Yuan D. Metal-Organic Cages (MOCs): From Discrete to Cage-based Extended Architectures. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed M. El-Sayed
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Chemical Refining Laboratory, Refining Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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27
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Rowland CA, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Novel syntheses of carbazole-3,6-dicarboxylate ligands and their utilization for porous coordination cages. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16340-16347. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A benzyl-protecting strategy affords access to large quantities of carbazole-based ligands or molecular adsorbents with tunable inter-cage interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey A. Rowland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Eric D. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
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28
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Dawson DM, Sansome CEF, McHugh LN, McPherson MJ, McCormick McPherson LJ, Morris RE, Ashbrook SE. 13C pNMR of "crumple zone" Cu(II) isophthalate metal-organic frameworks. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:44-50. [PMID: 31112890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy of paramagnetic materials (pNMR) has the potential to provide great structural insight, but many challenges remain in interpreting the spectra in detail. This work presents a study of a series of structurally analogous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on 5-substituted isophthalate linkers and Cu(II) paddlewheel dimers, of interest owing to their "crumple zone" structural rearrangement on dehydration/rehydration. 13C MAS NMR spectra reveal a wide variation in the observed resonance position for chemically similar C species in the different MOFs but, despite this, resonances are overlapped in several cases. However, by considering a combination of the integration of quantitative spectra, the resonance position as a function of temperature and T1 relaxation measurements, the spectra can be fully assigned. It is also demonstrated that the prototypical MOF in this series, STAM-1, displays a crumple zone rearrangement on dehydration, similar to the well-characterised 5-ethoxyisophthalate MOF (STAM-17-OEt) although, while the materials have similar local C environments, dehydrated STAM-1 exhibits less long-range order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Dawson
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom.
| | - Charlotte E F Sansome
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren N McHugh
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J McPherson
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom; Energy Safety Research Institute, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Swansea, SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - Laura J McCormick McPherson
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Russell E Morris
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom.
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29
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Boer SA, Turner DR. Metallosupramolecular Architectures of Ambivergent Bis(Amino Acid) Biphenyldiimides. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2853-2860. [PMID: 31228320 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The metallosupramolecular chemistry of two enantiopure dicarboxylate ligands has been explored for their potential to form discrete or polymeric interlocked motifs. Consequently, both discrete and polymeric supramolecular complexes have been synthesised, yielding M2 L2 metallomacrocycles (1 and 2), a heteroleptic M2 L3 metallomacrobicycle (3), a non-interpenetrated coordination polymer (4), and highly unusual chiral M8 L8 squares (5 and 6). There appears to be a preference for the ligands to form M2 L2 -type metallomacrocyclic structural units (which feature in 1-4), although these do not engage in any mechanical interlocking, which is perhaps a combined function of the ligand flexibility and relatively small pi-surface contrasted to previous analogues. Using copper paddlewheel SBUs, chiral double-walled squares (5 and 6) are formed with large internal cavities yet poor stabilities, unexpectedly featuring the paddlewheel motifs at the vertices of the polygonal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Boer
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - David R Turner
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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30
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Lorzing GR, Gosselin AJ, Lindner BS, Bhattacharjee R, Yap GPA, Caratzoulas S, Bloch ED. Design and synthesis of capped-paddlewheel-based porous coordination cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9527-9530. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel cluster capping strategy is employed to leverage the structural diversity of metal–organic cages toward the isolation of porous cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R. Lorzing
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- Center for Neutron Science
| | - Aeri J. Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Brian S. Lindner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | | | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Stavros Caratzoulas
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation (CCEI) University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Eric D. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- Center for Neutron Science
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31
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Gao W, Cardenal AD, Wang C, Powers DC. In Operando Analysis of Diffusion in Porous Metal‐Organic Framework Catalysts. Chemistry 2018; 25:3465-3476. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Ashley D. Cardenal
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Chen‐Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
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32
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Gosselin EJ, Rowland CA, Balto KP, Yap GPA, Bloch ED. Design and Synthesis of Porous Nickel(II) and Cobalt(II) Cages. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11847-11850. [PMID: 29847928 PMCID: PMC6207193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coordination assemblies containing transition-metal cations with coordinatively unsaturated sites remain a challenging target in the synthesis of porous molecules. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of three porous hybrid inorganic/organic porous molecular assemblies based on cobalt(II) and nickel(II). Precise tuning of ligand functionalization allows for the isolation of molecular species in addition to two- and three-dimensional metal-organic frameworks. The cobaltous and nickelous cage compounds display excellent thermal stabilities in excess of 473 K and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas on the order of 200 m2/g. The precise ligand functionalization utilized here to control phases between discrete molecules and higher-dimensional solids can potentially further be tuned to optimize the porosity and solubility in future molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Gosselin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Casey A. Rowland
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Krista P. Balto
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eric D. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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33
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Craig GA, Larpent P, Kusaka S, Matsuda R, Kitagawa S, Furukawa S. Switchable gate-opening effect in metal-organic polyhedra assemblies through solution processing. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6463-6469. [PMID: 30310576 PMCID: PMC6115636 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gate-opening gas sorption is known for metal-organic frameworks, and is associated with structural flexibility and advantageous properties for sensing and gas uptake. Here, we show that gate-opening is also possible for metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), and depends on the molecular organisation in the lattice. Thanks to the solubility of MOPs, several interchangeable solvatomorphs of a lantern-type MOP were synthesised via treatment with different solvents. One phase obtained through use of methanol induced a gate-opening effect in the lattice in response to carbon dioxide uptake. The sorption process was thoroughly investigated with in situ powder X-ray diffraction and simultaneous adsorption experiments. Meanwhile, solution processing of this flexible phase using THF led to a permanently porous phase without a gate-opening effect. Furthermore, we find that we can change the metallic composition of the MOP, and yet retain flexibility. By showing that gate-opening can be switched on and off depending on the solvent of crystallisation, these findings have implications for the solution-based processing of MOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin A Craig
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Patrick Larpent
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shinpei Kusaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Ryotaro Matsuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
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